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Introduction Venous thromboembolism (VTE) represents a serious complication after oncologic surgery. Recent studies have shown that the risk of VTE persists several weeks after surgery. This study assesses the form of presentation and time course of VTE after abdominal and pelvic cancer surgery. Methods Prospective, multicenter, observational study that analyzes data from an international registry (RIETE) that includes consecutive patients with symptomatic VTE. Our study assesses the form and time of presentation of postoperative VTE, as well as main outcomes, in patients operated for abdominopelvic cancer 8 weeks prior to VTE diagnosis. Variables related to the presentation of VTE after hospital discharge are identified. Results Out of the 766 analyzed patients with VTE, 395 (52%) presented pulmonary embolism (PE). Most VTE cases (84%) were detected after the first postoperative week, and 38% after one month. Among patients with VTE in the first postoperative week, 70% presented PE. VTE presented after hospital discharge in 54% of cases. Colorectal, urologic, and gynecologic tumors, the use of radiotherapy, and blood hemoglobin levels were independently associated with VTE diagnosis after hospital discharge. Complications (thrombosis recurrence, bleeding, and death) occurred in 34% of patients with VTE detected before hospital discharge, compared to 24% in VTE after hospital discharge (P Conclusions VTE occurs after hospital discharge in most patients, particularly in those operated for colorectal, urologic, and gynecologic cancer. Pulmonary embolism is more frequent in patients who develop early VTE, who also have worse prognosis.

Resumen Introduccion La enfermedad tromboembolica venosa (ETV) representa una grave complicacion tras la cirugia oncologica. Recientes estudios revelan que el riesgo de ETV postoperatoria se extiende durante varias semanas. Este estudio analiza la forma y momento de presentacion de la ETV tras cirugia oncologica abdominal. Metodos Estudio observacional, prospectivo y multicentrico, que analiza los datos de un registro internacional (RIETE) que incluye pacientes consecutivos con ETV sintomatica. Se evalua la forma y momento de presentacion de la ETV, asi como su pronostico, en pacientes operados por cancer abdominopelvico en las 8 semanas previas a la ETV. Se identifican las variables que se asocian con la presentacion de la ETV tras el alta. Resultados Entre los 766 pacientes analizados, 396 (52%) presentaron embolia pulmonar (EP). La mayoria (84%) de los casos de ETV se presentaron despues de la primera semana de la intervencion y un 38% pasado un mes. El 70% de los pacientes con ETV precoz presentaron EP. El 54% de los casos desarrollaron ETV tras el alta. Los tumores colorrectales y genitourinarios, el uso de radioterapia y los niveles de hemoglobina resultaron variables independientes de ETV tras el alta. El 34% de los pacientes con ETV antes del alta tuvieron complicaciones (recidiva, hemorragia y defuncion), frente al 24% con ETV tras el alta (p Conclusiones La ETV se presenta tras el alta en la mayoria de los pacientes, especialmente en aquellos con cancer colorrectal y genitourinario. La EP es mas frecuente en los pacientes con ETV precoz que, ademas, tienen peor pronostico.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) represents a serious complication after oncologic surgery. Recent studies have shown that the risk of VTE persists several weeks after surgery. This study assesses the form of presentation and time course of VTE after abdominal and pelvic cancer surgery.Prospective, multicenter, observational study that analyzes data from an international registry (RIETE) that includes consecutive patients with symptomatic VTE. Our study assesses the form and time of presentation of postoperative VTE, as well as main outcomes, in patients operated for abdominopelvic cancer 8 weeks prior to VTE diagnosis. Variables related to the presentation of VTE after hospital discharge are identified.Out of the 766 analyzed patients with VTE, 395 (52%) presented pulmonary embolism (PE). Most VTE cases (84%) were detected after the first postoperative week, and 38% after one month. Among patients with VTE in the first postoperative week, 70% presented PE. VTE presented after hospital discharge in 54% of cases. Colorectal, urologic, and gynecologic tumors, the use of radiotherapy, and blood hemoglobin levels were independently associated with VTE diagnosis after hospital discharge. Complications (thrombosis recurrence, bleeding, and death) occurred in 34% of patients with VTE detected before hospital discharge, compared to 24% in VTE after hospital discharge (P0.01).VTE occurs after hospital discharge in most patients, particularly in those operated for colorectal, urologic, and gynecologic cancer. Pulmonary embolism is more frequent in patients who develop early VTE, who also have worse prognosis.

International audience; BACKGROUND:Few studies have investigated the treatment and the outcomes of patients with catheter-related thrombosis (CRT).METHODS:The RIETE registry (Registro Informatizado de Enfermedad TromboEmbólica [Computerized Registry of Patients with Venous Thromboembolism]) is a prospective international registry of consecutive patients with objectively confirmed venous thromboembolism (VTE). We analyzed the characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of patients with CRT.RESULTS:Of 558 patients with CRT, 45 (8%) presented with a pulmonary embolism (PE) concomitantly. More patients had central line-associated thrombosis compared with port systems, but catheter type did not influence the risk of presenting with a PE. Patients with only CRT were more often prescribed low-molecular-weight heparin for the duration of their anticoagulant treatment compared with patients presenting with concomitant PE. VTE recurrences and major bleeding events occurred frequently during treatment with anticoagulation (7 per 100 patient-years and 8.9 per 100 patient years, respectively). The rates of fatal PE recurrences (1.85 per 100 patient-years) and fatal bleeding (2.32 per 100 patient-years) were similar. Patients with an additional transient risk factor for VTE had the lowest risk for VTE recurrences (odds ratio [OR], 0.07; 90% confidence interval [CI], 0.01-0.45) compared with patients with CRT and no additional transient risk factors. PE at presentation increased the risk of recurrent thrombosis by 2.4 times. Renal insufficiency was also an independent predictor of recurrent thrombosis (OR, 3.93; 90% CI, 2.0-7.7). The odds of recurrent thrombosis was decreased by 77% in patients who received anticoagulation therapy for >90 days compared with patients with a shorter treatment (OR, 0.23; 90% CI, 0.1-0.56).CONCLUSIONS:Concomitant PE occurs less frequently in CRT than lower extremity deep venous thrombosis, but it is associated with a worse outcome. CRT occurs in high-risk patients, and duration of anticoagulation must be predicated on balancing these risks.

The last guidelines on treatment of venous thromboembolic disease recommend the use of unfractionated heparin (UFH) or low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). In the case of deep venous thrombosis in out-patients, LMWH is preferred, associated to dicumarinics from the first day. In regards to prophylaxis, administration of UFH or LMWH is recommended in surgical patients of moderate to high risk but not in those undergoing minor surgery, under 40 years and without other risk factors. In patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST elevation, the administration of LMWH at fixed doses together with platelet antiaggregants is recommended. In patients with acute cerebral ischemia and without other criteria for thrombolytic treatment, treatment with heparin is not recommended but rather the administration of platelet antiaggregants.