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Despite evidence indicating that self-esteem (SE) may be considered a precondition to subjective well-being (SWB), there are inconclusive findings regarding its developmental links with SWB. Considering the declines in SWB, the purpose of this study is to examine the developmental changes in SWB and its relationship with SE in early adolescence. The data of 11,231 adolescents aged 11 and 14 years old (50% females) from the Millennium Cohort Study were utilized. Latent mean comparison indicated that SWB declined substantially between 11 and 14 years old in the United Kingdom. Cross-lagged modelling showed that SWB was developmentally unstable and that SE predicted later changes in SWB, whereas SWB did not predict changes in SE. SWB declines in the United Kingdom are mostly linked to less satisfaction with secondary school contexts and peer relationships. In short, SE is an important factor that can contribute to adolescents' SWB. Implications for educational policy and practice are discussed.

monte carlo simulation output

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-asm-10.1177_10731911231158623 for Mental Health and Well-being Measures for Mean Comparison and Screening in Adolescents: An Assessment of Unidimensionality and Sex and Age Measurement Invariance by Louise Black, Neil Humphrey, Margarita Panayiotou and Jose Marquez in Assessment

Supplementary Tables S1 and S2

This is a registration following IPA from RSOS for secondary analysis of #BeeWell dataset (T2 data yet to be accessed)

Neuroplasticity is the brain’s ability to adapt to new stimuli, with the objective to overcome and learn how to deal with novel situations. In this chapter, it will be explained the new neurophysiological mechanism that entitles the processes of brains’ plasticity. The intriguing phenomena that surround cognitive mechanisms will be described on a morphological and molecular scale, aiming to understand some of the brains’ functions. The principal objective is to clarify and explain that neuroplasticity can take place in different complex tasks such as adaptative behaviors, memory, learning, and automatic conducts. Also, the evolutionary advantage of forgetting will be deeply discussed. The work will describe the functioning of the brain when adapting to new circumstances that affect the procedures of memory. It will be explained why applying biotechnology and neurobioethics is crucial for merging basic and clinical sciences.

This registration contains our initial draft stage-one submission (not IPA). We registered this, since data collection was already just starting, to allow us to have a preregistration should our RR submission be rejected.

Stability of the menstrual cycle is a key indicator of health, and its alteration can affect the physical, emotional, sexual, and social aspects of menstruating individuals¿ lives. A recently published study showed a statistically significant increase in cycle length after vaccination against COVID-19 and no significant changes in the menses length. However, there is no information about the potential association between vaccination time and change in cycle length. This study aims at assessing the association between the phase of the menstrual cycle at vaccination time and change in cycle length.

The proposed architecture defines an adaptation of the Fulcrum coding system towards a Fog computing architecture. The distributed coding scheme allows the adjustment of the coding density according to the complexity of each communication device in the network, enabling the system to concentrate the system's performance to those that would allow for a high complexity in the coding if it significantly affects the delay network. These changes enable eliminating redundant information in the network, thus shortening the system delay. Additionally, thanks to Fulcrum coding defining a code concatenation based on RLNC coding, it allows the system to control the coding parameters from the application layer directly. The proposed architecture is an extension of the IoT-Cloud scheme, which allows establishing distributed performance, whose efficiency is controlled by a Fog-RLNC server and a series of Microcasting-type services.

Background Loneliness is a growing public health concern, yet little is known about loneliness in young people. The current study aimed to identify social ecological factors related to loneliness and examine the extent to which geographic region may account for differences in loneliness. Methods The data come from a cross-sectional sample of 6503 young people living in the UK. Loneliness was measured using the UCLA 3-item scale. Bivariate analyses were used to test associations between each predictor and loneliness. Multilevel models were used to identify key social ecological factors related to loneliness, and the extent to which loneliness may vary across geographic regions (local authority districts). Results Sociodemographic, social, health and well-being, and community factors were found to be associated with loneliness. Geographic region was associated with 5–8% of the variation in loneliness. The effect of gender, sexual orientation and minority ethnic background on loneliness differed across regions. Conclusions This is the first study to highlight modifiable social and community factors related to youth loneliness, and individual vulnerabilities, such as poor mental well-being. Results related to geographic differences suggest that local-level initiatives may be most appropriate in tackling loneliness, rather than wider, less contextualized national efforts.

BACKGROUND: There is scarce information available about adult congenital spine deformity (ACSD) in the literature, especially its impact after the pediatric age. The aim was to define ACSD characteristics and to establish the drivers for surgical intervention. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of data collected in an adult deformity multicenter database. Only ACSD patients were included. Demographic and radiographic data, as well as patient-reported outcome measures, were assessed. Conservatively (C) vs surgically (S) treated patients were compared using Student t test, χ², and Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: Fifty-two patients were included. They were young adults (x = 37.7 years), mostly female (71%). Among them, 60% had single hemivertebrae (HV), 35% had multiple HV, and 5% had segmentation defects. Also, 75% had mainly coronal deformity (Cobb 62.5° ± 29.6) and 25% had sagittal deformity. Mean Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was 29.6% ± 17 and mean Scoliosis Research Society 22-item survey (SRS-22) total score was 3.2 ± 0.8. Of note, mean SRS-22 self-image score was 2.8 ± 0.9 and 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) physical function score was 40.9 ± 11. Thirty patients were treated conservatively (C), whereas 22 patients underwent surgery (S). No differences were found regarding age, type or location of the deformity, comorbidities, or radiographic parameters. Operated patients had worse Core Outcome Measurement Index (COMI) back scores (C: 3.8 ± 2.4 vs S: 6.7 ± 2.4; P = 0.004); worse SRS-22 self-image (C: 3 ± 0.9 vs S: 2.5 ± 0.9; P = 0.047), and SRS-22 total scores (C: 3.4 ± 0.8 vs S: 2.9 ± 0.7; P = 0.01); worse SF-36 physical component summary (C: 43.3 ± 10.8 vs S: 36.7 ± 10.4; P = 0.048); and worse SF-36 physical role, function, and social function. CONCLUSION: Adult congenital deformity patients were mainly female young adults, with formation defects (HV), worried about their image and presenting some degree of functional impairment and pain. These symptoms were the essential drivers for surgery, rather than the radiographic deformity itself. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: One of the few studies describing the characteristics and clinical concerns of patients with congenital spinal deformities. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

Adolescent subjective well-being, including life satisfaction, has shown declines across many countries in recent years. Although several possible explanatory factors have been identified, there is a lack of research on whether these may be similar or different across countries. Using data on 15-year-old adolescents from the Programme for International Student Assessment study in Scotland, England, Wales, Northern Ireland, the United States, Japan, Ireland and France in 2015 and 2018, we find that changes in school well-being and, to a lesser extent, the use of Information and Communication Technologies and material well-being were associated with observed declines in life satisfaction. Although there are similarities across some countries, cross-country differences in factors associated with decreasing life satisfaction emerged, notably between Western nations and Japan, with some gender differences also evident.

El presente proyecto de grado, pretende demostrar como la arquitectura puede influir directamente en la relaciones sociales, proporcionando así, una solución a problemáticas locales generadas por la violencia en nuestro país. De esta forma demostrando el rol que tiene esta disciplina como una herramienta crucial y como desde esta, se puede lograr una resignificación a lo que hoy significa el conflicto armado en Colombia. En proyecto va enfocado en Leticia -Amazonas, ya que dicha ciudad cumple un papel fundamental en el posconflicto, teniendo en cuenta que es una zona receptora de desplazamiento humano y de acuerdo con las características de la región, no está adapta para recibir mayor población por lo que surgen asentamientos informales, que generan gran impacto en la ciudad. Por dichas necesidades, nace este proyecto para dar solución a esta problemática ya que los proyectos aplicados en la actualidad no dan una respuesta eficaz ante esta situación. El resultado que pretende dar este proyecto es buscar ambientes comunes de convivencia y paz, de reconciliación y provocar una cohesión social a lo largo de su geografía para los ciudadanos afectados directa o indirecta por dicho flagelo. The present degree project aims to demonstrate how architecture can directly influence social relations, thus providing a solution to local problems generated by violence in our country. In this way demonstrating the role of this discipline as a crucial tool and as from this, a resignification can be achieved to what today means the armed conflict in Colombia. The project is focused on Leticia -Amazonas, since the city plays a fundamental role in the post-conflict, taking into account that it is a receiving area of human displacement and according to the characteristics of the region, it is not adapted to receive a larger population. what emerges informal settlements, which generate great impact in the city. For these needs, this project is born to solve this problem because the projects currently applied do not provide an effective response to this situation. The result that this project aims to achieve is to look for common environments of coexistence and peace, of reconciliation and to provoke a social cohesion throughout its geography for citizens directly or indirectly affected by said scourge. Pregrado

Background Consensus is lacking regarding the optimal salvage therapy for patients with follicular lymphoma who relapse after or are refractory to immunochemotherapy. Methods This phase II trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of response‐adapted therapy with rituximab, bendamustine, mitoxantrone, and dexamethasone (RBMD) in follicular lymphoma patients who relapsed after or were refractory to first‐line immunochemotherapy. Sixty patients received three treatment cycles, and depending on their response received an additional one (complete/unconfirmed complete response) or three (partial response) cycles. Patients who responded to induction received rituximab maintenance therapy for 2 years. Results Thirty‐three (55%) and 42 (70%) patients achieved complete/unconfirmed complete response after three cycles and on completing induction therapy (4‐6 cycles), respectively (final overall response rate, 88.3%). Median progression‐free survival was 56.4 months (median follow‐up, 28.3 months; 95% CI, 15.6‐51.2). Overall survival was not reached. Progression‐free survival did not differ between patients who received four vs six cycles (P = .6665), nor between patients who did/did not receive rituximab maintenance after first‐line therapy (P = .5790). Median progression‐free survival in the 10 refractory patients was 25.5 months (95% CI, 0.6‐N/A) and was longer in patients who had shown progression of disease after 24 months of first‐line therapy (median, 56.4 months; 95% CI, 19.8‐56.4) than in those who showed early progression (median, 42.31 months; 95% CI, 24.41–NA) (P = .4258). Thirty‐six (60%) patients had grade 3/4 neutropenia. Grade 3/4 febrile neutropenia and infection were recorded during induction (4/60 [6.7%] and 5/60 [8.3%] patients, respectively) and maintenance (2/43 [4.5%] and 4/43 [9.1%] patients, respectively). Conclusions This response‐adapted treatment with RBMD followed by rituximab maintenance is an effective and well‐tolerated salvage treatment for relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma following first‐line immunochemotherapy. Clinical trial registration http://clinicaltrials.gov # NCT01133158., RBMD using a response‐adapted strategy followed by rituximab maintenance is an effective and safe salvage treatment for relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma following first‐line immunochemotherapy, thereby improving tolerability without compromising efficacy.

Naval Postgraduate School Acquisition Research Program

Recognizing the inevitability of large-scale disruptions, emphasis in supply chain decision making has shifted from prevention and protection to resilience, or the ability to withstand, adapt to, and recover in a timely manner from a disruptive event. Recent work in supply chain resilience has primarily consisted of qualitative frameworks and lessons learned after disruptions. This project addresses resilient supplier selection, a significant concern across industry and government enterprises. This work develops a supplier selection decision framework that includes (i) a multi-objective optimization formulation for multi-sourced supplier selection and (ii) a means to address uncertainty underlying the occurrence of a disruptive event through a Bayesian network-driven measure of disruption likelihood. The model accounts for several resilience strategies such as increasing supplier capacity beyond normal levels as a mitigation strategy to fortify suppliers against disruption, connecting firms to a back-up supplier as a contingency strategy that allows the supplier to adapt its loss by reconfiguring the channels for the movement of materials, and a contingency strategy of having additional recovery resources to enable suppliers to restore lost capacity more quickly. Naval Postgraduate School Acquisition Research Program

Naval Postgraduate School Acquisition Research Program

In modern telecommunication systems, the requirements for amount of transmitted data are increasing. In order to transmit as much information as possible for a given spectral band, both amplitude and phase modulation are applied. The main power consumers in transmitters are power amplifiers(PA), placed in the output stage. During the last decade, a lot of efforts have been invested in optimization of the efficiency of RF power amplifiers. One of notable techniques is Kahn’s envelope and restoration (EER) principle, where highly efficient envelope tracker and non-linear RF amplifier (e.g. class E, F) are combined. In this paper, two different approaches in envelope tracking are presented. The first approach is based on an analog multiplexer and a linear regulator in series, while the second tracker consists of PWM controlled switches and the fourth order output filter. Both trackers are supplied with highly efficient (96%) switch-capacitor based multilevel power converter, which acts as a voltage divider. Additionally, the comparison between two prototypes of the first approach, with Si and GaN based transistors is presented. Experimental results show that peak efficiencies are 73% (Si) and 75% (GaN), in the case of a 5 MHz 64QAM reference signal, with 10 W average output power. For the second approach, different filter prototypes are analysed. Moreover, their impact on envelope signal processing is backed up with the simulation results and the experimental results for tracking of a 2 MHz 64QAM reference are presented, with 78% achieved efficiency (Si technology) and 9 W average output power.

Naval Postgraduate School Acquisition Research Program

Los resultados preliminares obtenidos muestran una gran variedad de facies hidroquímicas (Fig. 3 y 4) y un amplio rango de mineralización de las aguas (Fig. 3 y Tab. 1). Los valores isotópicos de δ18O y δD de las muestras (Fig. 5) indican un enriquecimiento isotópico y presentan un claro desvío con respecto a las líneas meteóricas local y global. Ello demuestra la influencia de la evaporación sobre el agua de los humedales estudiados, más patente en el caso de lagunas estacionales con periodo de inundación prolongado que en aquellas con un hidroperiodo más efímero. Las aguas de las lagunas permanentes, pese a estar expuestas de forma continua a la evaporación, se sitúan en la figura 5 en una posición intermedia, lo que podría deberse a la mezcla de aguas evaporadas con otras de aporte subterráneo. Los humedales de génesis kárstico-evaporítica, pese a tener un origen similar, presentan una gran diversidad geomorfológica, hidrológica e hidrogeológica como consecuencia de condiciones topográficas y geológicas particulares así como de su ubicación dentro de sistemas de flujo subterráneo locales, intermedios o regionales. Dichas particularidades han de ser tomadas en consideración a la hora de gestionar estas áreas naturales y plantear medidas de conservación y restauración, por lo que es necesario profundizar en el conocimiento hidrogeológico de los CCS y de la relación de las aguas subterráneas con los humedales formados en este contexto. Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Grupo Español de la Asociación Internacional de Hidrogeólogos

This article introduces the v1 concept, that explains how by only measuring the output voltage, designers have information about almost every signal of the power stage. Following the v1 concept, it is explained how to design a traditional type-III voltage mode control to behave like a current mode control with near time-optimal response under load transients. The work is validated in simulations and experimentally on a 300kHz Buck converter.

This paper proposes an optimization method to design the parameters of controls for power converters in order to achieve a very fast dynamic response while remaining stable and robust over the desired operation region. The proposed optimization algorithm is applied to different analog controls and is used to compare the dynamic response of the Voltage mode, V2 and V2Ic control for different cases in order to evaluate which control presents the best performance in terms of dynamic response and stability robustness to system tolerances.

This paper presents some power converter architectures and circuit topologies, which can be used to achieve the requirements of the high performance transformer rectifier unit in aircraft applications, mainly as: high power factor with low THD, high efficiency and high power density. The voltage and the power levels demanded for this application are: three-phase line-to-neutral input voltage of 115 or 230V AC rms (360 – 800Hz), output voltage of 28V DC or 270V DC(new grid value) and the output power up to tens of kilowatts.

Disclaimer: The views represented in this report are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy position of the Navy, the Department of Defense, or the federal government. Excerpt from the Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Acquisition Research Symposium Logistics Management The research presented in this report was supported by the Acquisition Research Program of the Graduate School of Business & Public Policy at the Naval Postgraduate School. To request defense acquisition research, to become a research sponsor, or to print additional copies of reports, please contact any of the staff listed on the Acquisition Research Program website (www.acquisitionresearch.net). Prepared for the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

Naval Postgraduate School Acquisition Research Program

The relationship between malnutrition, food insecurity, and poverty in older persons from urban Latin America has, to date, received relatively little attention. This thesis aims to address this important issue in the setting of Mexico City and its Metropolitan Zone. A theoretical framework has been developed to understand the causal linkages between the determinants of malnutrition, food insecurity and poverty, and current data are then used to describe how this public health concern manifests itself in urban Latin American contexts. This is followed by a discussion of recent social policy interventions aimed at improving nutrition, access to food and well-being in older people in Latin America.\ud \ud The quantitative part of the thesis presents a study which assessed indicators of nutritional status, food security, health, quality of life and living conditions among 1,263 households with residents aged 70 and over from sociogeographically- defined poor areas of Mexico City and its Metropolitan Zone. The literature suggests that a regular source of economic resources is important to ensure food security during old age; thus the impact of an ongoing old-age monetary-transfer programme on nutrition-related indicators, food security and poverty was assessed at the levels of both older persons and households. This was carried out through a quasi-experimental study using an ex-post comparison of intervention and control groups with no baseline measures.\ud \ud Overall, results suggest differential access to food, quality of life and living conditions according to socioeconomic stratum among older persons and their household contexts. Differences in dietary diversity and food insecurity among older persons were also found, when data were disaggregated by monetary transfer eligibility status. The old-age intervention analysed in this thesis showed little impact on access to food and other indicators of well-being at household level. There was, however, a high prevalence of people being overweight and obese among the older population under study.\ud \ud Given that this thesis is the first approach to food insecurity ever carried out among urban older populations in Mexico and Latin America, the conclusions emphasise the magnitude of uncertain access to food during old age, and they suggest guidelines for policy makers at different levels of government, stimulating further research on issues related to old age in the region.

Naval Postgraduate School Acquisition Research Program

Proceedings Paper (for Acquisition Research Program) Under support from the Acquisition Research Program and government/industry partnerships, previous research has successfully developed, tested, and implemented a system maturity measure (i.e., a system readiness level [SRL]); supporting optimization models; and an enhanced SRL hierarchy for multi-function, multi-capability (MFMC) systems. The later developments are predicated on what has become the accustomed challenge for managers and engineers to properly assess systems'' development and acquisition to ensure the achievement of critical capabilities and functions while deciding among multiple technologies with similar functionalities but different maturity levels and limited resources. Building on these developments, the proposed research responds to the question: How can we efficiently and effectively allocate available resources to ensure the maturity achievement of critical functions and capabilities in a MFMC system when facing competing technology alternatives? As an answer, we propose the development of multi-objective optimization models and solution approaches that can be used to evaluate systems'' development maturity, to track progress, to identify component criticality, and to form corresponding strategies for understanding trade-offs in technology and integration options. Further, this effort summarizes and document the previous and proposed research in cooperation with industry and government partners to produce a comprehensive guidebook for public distribution on the proper application of this research in methods, processes, and tools (MPT) for defense acquisition. Naval Postgraduate School Acquisition Research Program Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

Naval Postgraduate School Acquisition Research Program