1. Effects of a diet rich in arabinoxylan and resistant starch compared with a diet rich in refined carbohydrates on postprandial metabolism and features of the metabolic syndrome
- Author
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Bolette Hartmann, Hans Stødkilde-Jørgensen, Mette Bohl, Ann Bjørnshave, Kjeld Hermansen, Anne Grethe Schioldan, Søren Gregersen, Stine Hald, and Jens J. Holst
- Subjects
Dietary Fiber ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Food Handling ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Type 2 diabetes ,Starch/metabolism ,Diet, Western/adverse effects ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Arabinoxylan ,Dyslipidemias/blood ,Resistant starch ,Metabolic Syndrome ,Whole Grains ,Cross-Over Studies ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Starch ,Middle Aged ,Postprandial Period ,Postprandial ,Inflammation Mediators/blood ,Digestion ,Female ,Xylans ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Inflammation Mediators ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Statin ,food.ingredient ,Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ,medicine.drug_class ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Insulin resistance ,food ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Dyslipidemias ,Models, Statistical ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Carbohydrate ,medicine.disease ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Diet, Western ,Metabolic Syndrome/diet therapy ,Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ,Insulin Resistance ,Metabolic syndrome ,Dietary Fiber/metabolism ,Xylans/metabolism ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Purpose: Low intake of dietary fibre is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. Dyslipidaemia plays a key role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Knowledge of the impact of dietary fibres on postprandial lipaemia is, however, sparse. This study aimed in subjects with metabolic syndrome to assess the impact on postprandial lipaemia and features of the metabolic syndrome of a healthy carbohydrate diet (HCD) rich in cereal fibre, arabinoxylan and resistant starch compared to a refined-carbohydrate western-style diet (WSD). Methods: Nineteen subjects completed the randomised, crossover study with HCD and WCD for 4-week. Postprandial metabolism was evaluated by a meal-challenge test and insulin sensitivity was assessed by HOMA-IR and Matsuda index. Furthermore, fasting cholesterols, serum-fructosamine, circulating inflammatory markers, ambulatory blood pressure and intrahepatic lipid content were measured. Results: We found no diet effects on postprandial lipaemia. However, there was a significant diet × statin interaction on total cholesterol (P = 0.02) and LDL cholesterol (P = 0.002). HCD decreased total cholesterol (−0.72 mmol/l, 95% CI (−1.29; −0.14) P = 0.03) and LDL cholesterol (−0.61 mmol/l, 95% CI (−0.86; −0.36) P = 0.002) compared with WSD in subjects on but not without statin treatment. We detected no other significant diet effects. Conclusions: In subjects with metabolic syndrome on statins a 4-week diet rich in arabinoxylan and resistant starch improved fasting LDL and total cholesterol compared to subjects not being on statins. However, we observed no diet related impact on postprandial lipaemia or features of the metabolic syndrome. The dietary fibre x statin interaction deserves further elucidation.
- Published
- 2017