459 results on '"Min, Xin"'
Search Results
2. Emerging functions of mitochondria-encoded noncoding RNAs
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Bingbing Ren, Min-Xin Guan, Tianhua Zhou, Xiujun Cai, and Ge Shan
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Genetics - Abstract
Mitochondria, organelles that harbor their own circular genomes, are critical for energy production and homeostasis maintenance in eukaryotic cells. Recent studies discovered hundreds of mitochondria-encoded noncoding RNAs (mt-ncRNAs), including novel subtypes of mitochondria-encoded circular RNAs (mecciRNAs) and mitochondria-encoded double-stranded RNAs (mt-dsRNAs). Here, we discuss the emerging field of mt-ncRNAs by reviewing their expression patterns, biogenesis, metabolism, regulatory roles, and functional mechanisms. Many mt-ncRNAs have regulatory roles in cellular physiology, and some are associated with, or even act as, causal factors in human diseases. We also highlight developments in technologies and methodologies and further insights into future perspectives and challenges in studying these noncoding RNAs, as well as their potential biomedical applications.
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- 2023
3. Corneal Biomechanics in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
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Min-Xin, Liu, Miao, Zhou, Dan-Lin, Li, Xing-Xuan, Dong, Gang, Liang, and Chen-Wei, Pan
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Ophthalmology - Abstract
Normal tension glaucoma patients had softer corneas than normal controls, whereas high-tension glaucoma and ocular hypertension patients had stiffer corneas.To comprehensively identify the corneal biomechanical differences of patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT) using the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) or the Corvis ST (CST).The electronic databases PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were comprehensively searched for studies comparing corneal biomechanical differences between POAG and OHT patients with normal controls by ORA or CST. The weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the subtypes of POAG, including high-tension glaucoma (HTG) and normal tension glaucoma (NTG).Thirty-one case-control studies were ultimately included, with 2462 POAG patients, 345 OHT patients, and 3281 normal controls. The corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), and highest concavity time (HC-t) were all lower in POAG patients than in normal controls. The CH, time at the second applanation (A2t), HC-t, highest concavity radius (HC-R), and deformation amplitude at the highest concavity (HC-DA) were lower in OHT patients, while the CRF, time at the first applanation (A1t), and stiffness parameter at the first applanation (SP-A1) were greater in OHT patients than in normal controls. The subgroup analyses showed that the CH, A2t, length at the second applanation (A2L), and HC-DA were lower in HTG, and the CH, CRF, A1t, and HC-t were lower in NTG patients than in normal controls.The corneas of NTG patients are more deformable than normal controls, whereas the corneas of HTG and OHT patients are stiffer.
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- 2022
4. Characteristics and driving factors of carbon emissions in China
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Zhao-Yong Sun, Min-Xin Deng, Dongdong Li, and Yeran Sun
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Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,General Environmental Science ,Water Science and Technology - Published
- 2022
5. Association between parental control and depressive symptoms among college freshmen in China: The chain mediating role of chronotype and sleep quality
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Xing-Xuan Dong, Gang Liang, Dan-Lin Li, Min-Xin Liu, Zhi-Jian Yin, Yue-Zu Li, Tianyang Zhang, and Chen-Wei Pan
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Parents ,China ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Sleep Quality ,Adolescent ,Universities ,Depression ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Humans ,Child ,Sleep ,Circadian Rhythm - Abstract
College freshmen tend to have more psychological and behavioral problems compared with other populations, especially depressive symptoms. Perceived parental control has been proved to play a significant role in mental health among children and adolescents. Based on the theoretical and empirical research of chronotype and sleep quality, this study constructed a chain mediating model to examine whether they mediated the relationship between parental control and depressive symptoms among Chinese college freshmen.A total of 2014 college freshmen from Dali University were recruited to participate in this study and completed self-report Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). PROCESS 3.5 for SPSS was applied to determine the chain mediating effect of chronotype and sleep quality between parental control and depressive symptoms.College freshmen with depressive symptoms have higher levels of parental control and worse subjective sleep quality than normal population (all p 0.001). All study variables are correlated with each other, while chronotype has no significant association with depressive symptoms (r = -0.03, p 0.05). Both maternal and paternal control have a direct link with depressive symptoms (β = 0.86, p 0.001; β = 0.88, p 0.001). Parental control could affect depressive symptoms via the independent mediating effect of sleep quality and the chain mediating effect of chronotype and sleep quality. The total indirect effects of maternal and paternal control on depressive symptoms are 0.93 and 0.94, respectively.Chronotype and sleep quality could mediate the association between parental control and depressive symptoms.
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- 2022
6. Riding an escalator: upward range shift and patterns of genetic response to climate change in Acer caudatifolium
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Min‐Wei Chai, Yi‐Ting Tseng, Hsin‐Pei Lu, Min‐Xin Luo, Jui‐Tse Chang, and Pei‐Chun Liao
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Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2022
7. A Light-Weight Network for Small Insulator and Defect Detection Using UAV Imaging Based on Improved YOLOv5
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Tong Zhang, Yinan Zhang, Min Xin, Jiashe Liao, and Qingfeng Xie
- Abstract
Insulator defect detection is of great significance to compromise the stability of the power transmission line. The state-of-the-art network of object detection, YOLOv5, has been widely used on insulator and defect detection. However, YOLOv5 network has some limitations like poor detection rate and high computational loads in detecting small insulator defects. To solve these problems, we proposed a light-weight network for insulator and defect detection. In this network, we introduced Ghost module into YOLOv5 backbone and neck to reduce the parameters and model size to enhance the performance in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Besides, we added small object detection anchors and layers for small defect detection. In addition, we optimized the backbone of YOLOv5 by applying convolutional block attention module (CBAM) to focus on critical information for insulator and defect detection and suppress uncritical information. The experiment result shows the mean average precision (mAP) 0.5 and the mAP0.5:0.95 of our model can reach 99.4% and 91.7%, the parameters and model weight are reduced to 3807372 and 8.79M, which can easily deploy to embedded devices like UAVs. And the speed of detection can reach 10.9ms/image, which can meet the real-time detection requirement.
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- 2023
8. Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy-associated ND6 14484T > C mutation caused pleiotropic effects on the complex I, RNA homeostasis, apoptosis and mitophagy
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Min Liang, Yanchun Ji, Liyao Zhang, Xuan Wang, Cuifang Hu, Juanjuan Zhang, Yiwei Zhu, Jun Q Mo, and Min-Xin Guan
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Electron Transport Complex I ,RNA, Mitochondrial ,Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ,Mitophagy ,Cytochromes c ,RNA-Binding Proteins ,Apoptosis ,NADH Dehydrogenase ,Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber ,General Medicine ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,Caspases ,Mutation ,Genetics ,Homeostasis ,Humans ,RNA ,RNA, Messenger ,Annexin A5 ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Protein Kinases ,Molecular Biology ,Genetics (clinical) ,bcl-2-Associated X Protein - Abstract
Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited eye disease due to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. LHON-linked ND6 14484T > C (p.M64V) mutation affected structural components of complex I but its pathophysiology is poorly understood. The structural analysis of complex I revealed that the M64 forms a nonpolar interaction Y59 in the ND6, Y59 in the ND6 interacts with E34 of ND4L, and L60 of ND6 interacts with the Y114 of ND1. These suggested that the m.14484T > C mutation may perturb the structure and function of complex I. Mutant cybrids constructed by transferring mitochondria from lymphoblastoid cell lines of one Chinese LHON family into mtDNA-less (ρo) cells revealed decreases in the levels of ND6, ND1 and ND4L. The m.14484T > C mutation may affect mitochondrial mRNA homeostasis, supported by reduced levels of SLIRP and SUPV3L1 involved in mRNA degradation and increasing expression of ND6, ND1 and ND4L genes. These alterations yielded decreased activity of complex I, respiratory deficiency, diminished mitochondrial ATP production and reduced membrane potential, and increased production of reactive oxygen species in the mutant cybrids. Furthermore, the m.14484T > C mutation promoted apoptosis, evidenced by elevating Annexin V-positive cells, release of cytochrome c into cytosol, levels in apoptotic proteins BAX, caspases 3, 7, 9 and decreasing levels in anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL in the mutant cybrids. Moreover, the cybrids bearing the m.14484T > C mutation exhibited the reduced levels of autophagy protein LC3, increased levels of substrate P62 and impaired PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy. Our findings highlighted the critical role of m.14484T > C mutation in the pathogenesis of LHON.
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- 2022
9. Genetic correction of TRMU allele restored the mitochondrial dysfunction-induced deficiencies in iPSCs-derived hair cells of hearing-impaired patients
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Chao Chen and Min-Xin Guan
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tRNA Methyltransferases ,Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ,General Medicine ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,Mechanotransduction, Cellular ,Mitochondria ,Mitochondrial Proteins ,Hearing ,RNA, Transfer ,RNA, Ribosomal ,Mutation ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,Genetics ,Humans ,Hearing Loss ,Molecular Biology ,Alleles ,Genetics (clinical) ,Hair - Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss often results from damaged or deficient inner ear hair cells. Mitochondrial 12S rRNA 1555A>G mutation has been associated with hearing loss in many families. The m.1555A>G mutation is a primary factor underlying the development of hearing loss and TRMU allele (c.28G>T, p.Ala10Sser) encoding tRNA thiouridylase interact with m.1555A>G mutation to cause hearing loss. However, the tissue specificity of mitochondrial dysfunction remains elusive and there is no highly effective therapy for mitochondrial deafness. We report here the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from members of an Arab-Israeli family (asymptomatic individual carrying only m.1555A>G mutation, symptomatic individual bearing both m.1555A>G and c.28G>T mutations, and control subject). The c.28G>T mutation in iPSC lines from a hearing-impaired subject was corrected by CRISPR/Cas9. These iPSCs were differentiated into otic epithelial progenitor (OEP) cells and subsequent inner ear hair cell (HC)-like cells. The iPSCs bearing m.1555A>G mutation exhibited mildly deficient differentiation into OEP and resultant HC-like cells displayed mild defects in morphology and electrophysiological properties. Strikingly, those HC-like cells harboring m.1555A>G and TRMU c.28G>T mutations displayed greater defects in the development, morphology and functions than those in cells bearing only m.1555A>G mutation. Transcriptome analysis of patients-derived HC-like cells revealed altered expressions of genes vital for mechanotransduction of hair cells. Genetic correction of TRMU c.28G>T mutation yielded morphologic and functional recovery of patient derived HC-like cells. These findings provide new insights into pathophysiology of maternally inherited hearing loss and a step toward therapeutic interventions for this disease.
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- 2022
10. A Review of Bile Acid Metabolism and Signaling in Cognitive Dysfunction-Related Diseases
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Ze-Bin Weng, Yuan-Rong Chen, Jin-Tao Lv, Min-Xin Wang, Zheng-Yuan Chen, Wen Zhou, Xin-Chun Shen, Li-Bin Zhan, and Fang Wang
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Bile Acids and Salts ,Aging ,Liver ,Animals ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Lipid Metabolism ,digestive system ,Biochemistry ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Bile acids are commonly known as one of the vital metabolites derived from cholesterol. The role of bile acids in glycolipid metabolism and their mechanisms in liver and cholestatic diseases have been well studied. In addition, bile acids also serve as ligands of signal molecules such as FXR, TGR5, and S1PR2 to regulate some physiological processes in vivo. Recent studies have found that bile acids signaling may also play a critical role in the central nervous system. Evidence showed that some bile acids have exhibited neuroprotective effects in experimental animal models and clinical trials of many cognitive dysfunction-related diseases. Besides, alterations in bile acid metabolisms well as the expression of different bile acid receptors have been discovered as possible biomarkers for prognosis tools in multiple cognitive dysfunction-related diseases. This review summarizes biosynthesis and regulation of bile acids, receptor classification and characteristics, receptor agonists and signaling transduction, and recent findings in cognitive dysfunction-related diseases.
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- 2022
11. Fast elastic motion estimation with improved Levenberg-Marquardt optimization
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Shiqi Sun, Xianghai Wang, Min Xin, Baocai Yin, and Chuan-Ming Song
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Hessian matrix ,Information Systems and Management ,Computational complexity theory ,Computer science ,MathematicsofComputing_NUMERICALANALYSIS ,Motion vector ,Computer Science Applications ,Theoretical Computer Science ,Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm ,Error function ,symbols.namesake ,Artificial Intelligence ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Motion estimation ,Convergence (routing) ,Diagonal matrix ,symbols ,Algorithm ,Software ,ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS - Abstract
The elastic motion estimation is an efficient temporal predictive coding tool for predicting complex motions including zooming, shearing and twisting. However, its optimization solution still suffers from high computational complexity and unstable convergence yet. We thus present a novel optimization framework to improve the elastic motion estimation efficiency. By introducing a diagonal matrix into the Gauss-Newton’s Hessian matrix, we employ the Levenberg-Marquardt optimization to compute the elastic motion vectors. It obtains superior convergence to the conventional Gauss-Newton’s method, especially when the starting point is far away from the globally/locally optimum. Furthermore, we prove that the Gauss-Newton’s Hessian matrix for elastic motion estimation is positive semi-definite by discussing the convexity of the motion-compensated error function. Such a finding allows us to adopt a sign-alternating factor, instead of a positive constant used in the traditional L-M method, to update iteratively the diagonal matrix coefficient. And a bound is determined for the diagonal matrix coefficient to guarantee the non-singularity of the Hessian matrix, with whose constraints we propose an adaptive method to compute the sign-alternating factor to restrict the iterative process into a reasonable motion vector space. Finally, a novel elastic motion estimation algorithm is presented based on the modified Levenberg-Marquardt optimization. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm gains higher motion-compensated peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) than several benchmark methods. Moreover, our algorithm converges fast which needs only 1-2 iterations before it achieves higher PSNR than conventional elastic motion estimation.
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- 2022
12. How fertility preservation guidelines have progressed worldwide: Potential implications and inspiration
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Min-Xin Chen, Ying Zhang, Qing-Qing Cai, Shuo Zhang, Ran Xu, Hua Chen, Yu Kang, Yue Wu, Ri-Cheng Chian, and Cong-Jian Xu
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Reproductive Medicine ,Obstetrics and Gynecology - Published
- 2022
13. Smoking, alcohol consumption and corneal biomechanical parameters among Chinese university students
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Min-Xin Liu, Dan-Lin Li, Zhi-Jian Yin, Yue-Zu Li, Ya-Jie Zheng, Yu Qin, Gang Liang, and Chen-Wei Pan
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Ophthalmology - Published
- 2023
14. Corrigendum: Divergence with gene flow and contrasting population size blur the species boundary in Cycas Sect. Asiorientales, as inferred from morphology and RAD-seq data
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Jui-Tse Chang, Chien-Ti Chao, Koh Nakamura, Hsiao-Lei Liu, Min-Xin Luo, and Pei-Chun Liao
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Plant Science - Published
- 2023
15. Turfgrass-dependent mycotrophic change enhances soil deterioration in dry, cold and high-alkali environments
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Yong-Zhi Yang, Jui-Tse Chang, Hai-Xia Yan, Run-Hong Gao, Min-Xin Luo, Chien-Ti Chao, and Pei-Chun Liao
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General Medicine ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Biotechnology - Abstract
AimsSoil quality is undergoing severe degradation under anthropogenic effects. Different methods of land management have been implemented for soil reclamation, such as turfing. Although widely accepted to improve soil quality, turfing in specific environments may also culminate in soil deterioration. We aim to know how turfing impacts soils by changing mycobiomes.Methods and resultsThe soil physicochemical properties and ITS metabarcoding were used to investigate mycobiome diversity and eco-function differences between the eudicot Dianthus plumarius and the monocot Poa pratensis in dry, cold, and high-alkali soil. The effects of plantation and the rhizosphere (e.g. root exudates) were tested. We showed that the change in soil mycobiomes in different planted bulk soils and rhizospheres could mainly be attributed to species turnover, with minor nestedness. Unexpectedly, the soil deteriorates more following turfing. The increasing saprotrophs in planted bulk soil were more marked in the monocot than in the eudicot, even the rhizosphere effect alleviated saprotrophic risks in the rhizosphere.ConclusionsTurfing deteriorates the health of high-alkali soil by reducing nitrification, and upshift the soil saprotrophs in a dry and cold environment.
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- 2022
16. Local adaptation and migratory habits balance spatial‐genetic structure between continental and insular chestnut tiger butterflies in East Asia
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Min‐Xin Luo, Hsin‐Pei Lu, Bing‐Hong Huang, Chia‐Lung Huang, Yu‐Feng Hsu, and Pei‐Chun Liao
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Habits ,Asia, Eastern ,Genetics ,Animals ,Genetic Variation ,Bayes Theorem ,Butterflies ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,Phylogeny ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Microsatellite Repeats - Abstract
Geographic and climatic differences between islands and continents may affect the evolution of their biota, and promote divergent selection in species distributed in both landscapes. To assess spatial-genetic structure, we genotyped 18 expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) loci and sequenced two mtDNA markers (ND5 and COI) and one nuclear marker (EF1α) in two subspecies of the butterfly Parantica sita. Compared with nuclear markers, mtDNA had a stronger signal of population structure. Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) suggested that a continuous-gene-flow model best described the data. According to this model, the two subspecies diverged approximately 23.1 kya, with 10 times more introgression from the continental (ssp. sita) to the insular subspecies (ssp. niphonica) than vice versa. Ecological niche modelling was performed to predict the paleo- and current potential distributions and elucidate the geohistorical process, which revealed a northeastern, insular origin. Winter precipitation and annual temperature range were the main determinants of the subspecies distributions. Maximum-likelihood population-effects models showed that the population differentiation of the insular and continental subspecies was primarily affected by environmental resistance and local climate. Sex-biased migration capacity and long-term precipitation-driven divergence between the continental and insular lineages shaped the current genetic structure of P. sita. Evidence from the nuclear markers confirmed intersubspecific gene flow despite adaptive divergence between the subspecies. These results imply that the continental subspecies is still capable of returning to the island and introgressing with the insular subspecies.
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- 2022
17. Shaping and Tuning Lighting Conditions in Controlled Environment Agriculture: A Review
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Darren Chi Jin Neo, Maxine Min Xin Ong, Yeong Yuh Lee, Ee Jin Teo, Qunya Ong, Hendrix Tanoto, Jianwei Xu, Kian Soo Ong, and Vignesh Suresh
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Plant Science ,Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Food Science - Published
- 2022
18. State-to-state photodissociation dynamics of CO2 at 157 nm
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Zhiguo Zhang, Min Xin, Yu Xin, Shutao Zhao, Yanling Jin, Guorong Wu, Dongxu Dai, Zhichao Chen, Evangelia Sakkoula, David H. Parker, Kaijun Yuan, and Xueming Yang
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Spectroscopy of Cold Molecules ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Molecular and Laser Physics ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry - Abstract
State-to-state photodissociation of CO2(v2 = 0 and 1) at 157 nm via the O(1D) + CO(X1Σ+) channel was studied by using the sliced velocity map imaging technique.
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- 2022
19. FARS2 deficiency in Drosophila reveals the developmental delay and seizure manifested by aberrant mitochondrial tRNA metabolism
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Wenlu Fan, Xiaoye Jin, Man Xu, Yongmei Xi, Weiguo Lu, Xiaohang Yang, Min-Xin Guan, and Wanzhong Ge
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AcademicSubjects/SCI00010 ,Developmental Disabilities ,Oxidative Phosphorylation ,Cell Line ,Mitochondria ,Mitochondrial Proteins ,Disease Models, Animal ,Drosophila melanogaster ,Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ,RNA, Transfer ,Seizures ,Gene Knockdown Techniques ,Mutation ,RNA and RNA-protein complexes ,Genetics ,Animals ,Drosophila Proteins ,Humans ,Phenylalanine-tRNA Ligase ,Transfer RNA Aminoacylation - Abstract
Mutations in genes encoding mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are linked to diverse diseases. However, the precise mechanisms by which these mutations affect mitochondrial function and disease development are not fully understood. Here, we develop a Drosophila model to study the function of dFARS2, the Drosophila homologue of the mitochondrial phenylalanyl–tRNA synthetase, and further characterize human disease-associated FARS2 variants. Inactivation of dFARS2 in Drosophila leads to developmental delay and seizure. Biochemical studies reveal that dFARS2 is required for mitochondrial tRNA aminoacylation, mitochondrial protein stability, and assembly and enzyme activities of OXPHOS complexes. Interestingly, by modeling FARS2 mutations associated with human disease in Drosophila, we provide evidence that expression of two human FARS2 variants, p.G309S and p.D142Y, induces seizure behaviors and locomotion defects, respectively. Together, our results not only show the relationship between dysfunction of mitochondrial aminoacylation system and pathologies, but also illustrate the application of Drosophila model for functional analysis of human disease-causing variants.
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- 2021
20. Synthesis and biological evaluation of resveratrol amide derivatives as selective COX-2 inhibitors
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Min Xin, Haoyu Wu, Yuan Du, Sheng Liu, Feng Zhao, and Xiaofeng Mou
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General Medicine ,Toxicology - Published
- 2023
21. Sperm Donors in Shanghai, China: A Study of Motivations, Characteristics, and Semen Parameters of Actual Sperm Donors
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Xiao Wang, Guo-Qing Liang, Zhi-Wen Tao, Feng Jiang, Min-Xin Chen, Bai-Lan Feng, Hong Zhu, and Feng Zhang
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Andrology ,assisted reproductive technology ,donation ,semen parameters ,sperm donors ,Reproductive Medicine ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Semen ,Shanghai china ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 ,Biology ,RC648-665 ,Sperm ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology - Abstract
Objective: To identify the sociodemographic characteristics, motivations, and semen parameters of sperm donors in Shanghai, China. Methods: The participants were sperm donors associated with the Human Sperm Bank of Fudan University in Shanghai, China. Among the 334 sperm donors that applied for participation, 329 completed the survey process. The responses obtained in the questionnaire and face-to-face interviews were used to investigate the donor motivations and characteristics, and the semen quality was examined to identify the sperm parameter. Results: In terms of the sociodemographic characteristics, an altruistic donor in this study was aged between 26 and 30 years, was single, did not have a child, had a college or undergraduate education level, was of the Han ethnicity, and worked full time. The strongest motivation highlighted by sperm donors was a donation for altruistic (26.4%, n = 87) reasons. The second-highest rated motivation was curiosity (20.7%, n = 68), followed by a desire to procreate (17.9%, n = 59). “Complimentary body checks” (14.3%, n = 47) and “financial incentives” (14.7%, n = 47) were regarded as less important. The average semen parameters of the 329 donors were as follows: the semen volume was 3.39 ± 1.21 mL, the semen concentration was 82.75 × 106/mL, the progressive motility rate (PR%) was 63.77% ± 3.13%, the total motility rate was 66.26%, the total progressive motile count was 158.31% ± 54.43 × 106/mL, and the round cell concentration was 0.38 ± 0.51 × 106/mL. The PR% of the procreation motivation group was significantly higher than that of the other motivation groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Sperm donors in Shanghai, China, are altruistic about their donation, although curiosity is also a key motivator. In addition, the decisions of donors are culturally influenced, and the motivation to procreate may influence the PR%.
- Published
- 2021
22. Oxaliplatin facilitates tumor-infiltration of T cells and natural-killer cells for enhanced tumor immunotherapy in lung cancer model
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Jieping Li, Huiling Li, Dan Lin, Min Xin, Zongming Huang, and Nahan Yan
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Male ,Cancer Research ,Lung Neoplasms ,Organoplatinum Compounds ,Cell Survival ,T-Lymphocytes ,medicine.medical_treatment ,T cells ,Antineoplastic Agents ,chemical and pharmacologic phenomena ,NK cells ,Ligands ,CXCR3 ,Carboplatin ,Mice ,Immune system ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,CXCL10 ,Myeloid Cells ,Pharmacology (medical) ,CXCL11 ,anti-PD1 ,Pre-Clinical Reports ,Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ,Pharmacology ,Cisplatin ,biology ,Chemistry ,oxaliplatin ,Lewis lung carcinoma ,hemic and immune systems ,Immunotherapy ,Tumor Burden ,Killer Cells, Natural ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,lung cancer ,Drug Combinations ,Oncology ,A549 Cells ,Antigens, Surface ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Antibody ,Chemokines, CXC ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Platinum is reported to have adjuvant immune properties, whether oxaliplatin (OXA) could be utilized to synergize with anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) antibody or anti-NKG2D (natural-killer group 2, member D) antibody is investigated. Methods Subcutaneous A549 lung cancer and murine Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) models were constructed, which were further intravenously injected with platinum-based drugs or concomitant administrated with anti-PD-1 antibody and or anti-NKG2D antibody. The tumor volume and the proportion of myeloid cells (CD45+CD11b+), CD3+T cells and NK (NK1.1+) cells were detected. The relative expression of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (CXCL9), CXCL10 and CXCL11 and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) was detected with the ELISA, western blot and flow cytometry. Results The three platinum drugs (cisplatin, DDP; carboplatin, CBP; OXA) showed similar effects to inhibit A549 tumor growth in immune-deficient mice. While OXA exhibited better antitumor efficacy in wild-type mice bearing LLC with downregulated myeloid cells proportion, upregulated concentration of CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11, and upregulated proportion and CXCR3 expression on T cells and NK cells. OXA combined with anti-PD1 or anti-NKG2D synergistically improved tumor growth inhibition and survival. The combination of OXA to anti-PD1 and anti-NKG2D antibodies will provide the most appropriate treatment benefit. Conclusion Oxaliplatin promotes T cells and NK cells infiltration through the CXCL9/10/11-CXCR3 axis to enhance anti-PD1 or anti-NKG2D immunotherapy in lung cancer.
- Published
- 2021
23. Nuclear modifier YARS2 allele correction restored retinal ganglion cells-specific deficiencies in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
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Jia-Rong Chen, Chao Chen, Jie Chen, Yanchun Ji, Yanna Lian, Juanjuan Zhang, Jialing Yu, Xiang-Yao Li, Jia Qu, and Min-Xin Guan
- Subjects
Genetics ,General Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Genetics (clinical) - Abstract
Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally transmitted eye disease due to the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Mitochondrial 11778G > A mutation is the most common LHON-associated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation. Our recent studies demonstrated some LHON families manifested by synergic interaction between m.11778G > A mutation and YARS2 allele (c.572G > T, p.Gly191Val) encoding mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase. However, the RGC-specific effects of LHON-associated mtDNA mutations remain elusive and there is no highly effective therapy for LHON. Here, we generated patients-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from fibroblasts derived from a Chinese LHON family (both m.11778G > A and c.572G > T mutations, only m.11778G > A mutation, and control subject). The c.572G > T mutation in iPSC lines from a syndromic individual was corrected by CRISPR/Cas9. Those iPSCs were differentiated into neural progenitor cells and subsequently induced RGC-like cells using a stepwise differentiation procedure. Those RGC-like cells derived from symptomatic individual harboring both m.11778G > A and c.572G > T mutations exhibited greater defects in neuronal differentiation, morphology including reduced area of soma, numbers of neurites and shortened length of axons, electrophysiological properties than those in cells bearing only m.11778G > A mutation. Furthermore, these RGC-like cells revealed more drastic reductions in oxygen consumption rates, levels of mitochondrial ATP and increasing productions of reactive oxygen species than those in other cell models. These mitochondrial dysfunctions promoted the apoptotic process for RGC degenerations. Correction of YARS2 c.572G > T mutation rescued deficiencies of patient-derived RGC-like cells. These findings provide new insights into pathophysiology of LHON arising from RGC-specific mitochondrial dysfunctions and step toward therapeutic intervention for this disease.
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- 2022
24. Ultrasound-guided continuous iliofascial block with ropivacaine is superior to intravenous infusion of sufentanil for the treatment of delirium in elderly patients after hip arthroplasty: A retrospective cohort study
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Yang Zhang, Ruo-Jie Wu, Min-Xin Zhou, Wen-Tao Dai, Qin Zhuang, Da-Qi Zhang, Yong-Xing Sun, Jing Tao, Wei Xu, Cong-Li Zhang, Biao Xi, and Xiao-Hong Li
- Abstract
Background Hip arthroplasty is often accompanied by severe postoperative pain in elderly patients and increases the incidence of delirium. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of sufentanil intravenously with iliofascial blocks using ropivacaine on postoperative analgesia and cognitive function. Methods Clinical data were retrospectively collected from 682 elderly patients who underwent hip arthroplasty and were divided between intravenous pumped sufentanil or continuous iliofascial block using ropivacaine. All patients were treated with general anesthesia, and the main indicators were the incidence of delirium, pain scores and postoperative complications within 5 days postoperatively. Results The incidence of postoperative delirium and the duration of delirium were lower in group B than in group A (P
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- 2022
25. Population pharmacokinetics and dosing optimization of unbound teicoplanin in Chinese adult patients
- Author
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Fu, Wen-Qian, Tian, Ting-Ting, Zhang, Min-Xin, Song, Hong-Tao, and Zhang, Li-Li
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Pharmacology (medical) - Abstract
Objectives: To develop a population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model describing unbound teicoplanin concentrations in Chinese adult patients and perform Monte Carlo simulations to optimize the dosing regimens.Methods: The raw data for PopPK analysis in this study were collected from Chinese adult patients. A PopPK model of unbound teicoplanin was developed and Monte Carlo simulations were used to optimize the dosing regimens. The trough concentrations of unbound teicoplanin were targeted at 0.75 mg/L and 1.13 mg/L for most infection induced by Gram-positive bacteria and endocarditis or severe infections, respectively.Results: A total of 103 teicoplanin unbound concentrations were collected from 72 Chinese adult patients. A one-compartment pharmacokinetic model with first-order elimination was established. The typical values of clearance and the volume of distribution were 11.7 L/h and 811 L, respectively. The clearance and volume of distribution of unbound teicoplanin were positively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum albumin concentrations, respectively. Dosing simulation results showed that standard dosing regimens were unable to meet the treatment needs of all patients, and the dosing regimen need optimize based on eGFR and serum albumin concentrations. The high eGFR and serum albumin concentration were associated with reduced probability of achieving target unbound trough concentrations.Conclusion: We successfully characterized the pharmacokinetics of unbound teicoplanin in Chinese adult patients. Importantly, we further highlight the importance of guiding dosing through unbound drugs. To achieve safe and effective treatment, the dosing regimens need to be adjusted according to eGFR and serum albumin concentrations.
- Published
- 2022
26. Cholecystokinin from the Rhinal Cortex Facilitates Motor Skill Learning
- Author
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Hao Li, Jingyu Feng, Mengying Chen, Min Xin, Xi Chen, Kuan Hong Wang, and Jufang He
- Abstract
Cholecystokinin (CCK) is an essential modulator for neuroplasticity in sensory and emotional domains. Here, we investigated the role of CCK in motor learning using a single pellet reaching task in mice. Mice with a knockout ofcckgene (CCK-/-) or blockade of CCK-B receptor (CCKBR) showed defective motor learning ability; the success rate of retrieving reward remained at the baseline level compared to the wildtype mice with significantly increased success rate. We observed no long-term potentiation (LTP) upon high-frequency stimulation (HFS) in the motor cortex of CCK-/-mice, indicating a possible association between motor learning deficiency and neuronal plasticity in the motor cortex. In vivo calcium imaging demonstrated that the deficiency of CCK signalling disrupted the refinement of population neuronal activity in the motor cortex during motor skill training. Anatomical tracing revealed direct projections from CCK-expressing neurons in the rhinal cortex to the motor cortex. Inactivating the CCK neurons in the rhinal cortex using chemogenetic methods significantly suppressed motor learning, and intraperitoneal application of CCK4, a tetrapeptide CCK agonist, rescued the motor learning deficits of CCK-/-mice. In summary, our results suggest that CCK, which could be provided from the rhinal cortex, enables neuroplasticity in the motor cortex leading to motor skill learning.
- Published
- 2022
27. Phylogenetic Discordance between Species Tree and Functional Gene Trees of Fagaceous Genera
- Author
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Min-Xin Luo, Chien-Ti Chao, Jui-Tse Chang, and Pei-Chun Liao
- Published
- 2022
28. State-to-state photodissociation dynamics of CO
- Author
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Zhiguo, Zhang, Min, Xin, Yu, Xin, Shutao, Zhao, Yanling, Jin, Guorong, Wu, Dongxu, Dai, Zhichao, Chen, Evangelia, Sakkoula, David H, Parker, Kaijun, Yuan, and Xueming, Yang
- Abstract
State-to-state photodissociation of CO
- Published
- 2022
29. Investigation into the role of Stmn2 in vascular smooth muscle phenotype transformation during vascular injury via RNA sequencing and experimental validation
- Author
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Yanren Peng, Ming Deng, Xiao Ke, Wenyu Guo, Zongming Feng, Min-Xin Wei, Zan-Xin Wang, and Yi-Teng Huang
- Subjects
Vascular smooth muscle ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,RNA ,Vimentin ,General Medicine ,Biology ,Pollution ,Phenotype ,Molecular biology ,Western blot ,biology.protein ,medicine ,Environmental Chemistry ,Osteopontin ,Immunostaining ,Vascular tissue - Abstract
This study examined the effects of Stmn2 on phenotype transformation of vascular smooth muscle in vascular injury via RNA sequencing and experimental validation. Total RNA was extracted for RNA sequencing after 1, 3 and 5 days of injury to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of Stmn2 and its associated targets. The morphological changes of carotid arteries in rats were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (HE Stmn2 overexpression significantly up-regulated the expression of osteopontin and α-SMA and vimentin in VSMCs. The results of morphology analysis and immunostaining also showed that Stmn2 overexpression promoted the intima thickening and enhanced the proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in the injured vascular tissues. In conclusion, our results implied that Stmn2 may play a potential role in vascular injury, which may be associated with VSMC phenotype transformation. Further studies are warranted to determine detailed molecular mechanisms of Stmn2 in vascular injury.
- Published
- 2021
30. A deafness-associated mitochondrial DNA mutation caused pleiotropic effects on DNA replication and tRNA metabolism
- Author
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Feilong Meng, Zidong Jia, Jing Zheng, Yanchun Ji, Jing Wang, Yun Xiao, Yong Fu, Meng Wang, Feng Ling, and Min-Xin Guan
- Subjects
DNA Replication ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Mitochondrial Proteins ,RNA, Transfer, Cys ,Mutation ,Genetics ,Humans ,Deafness ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,Mitochondria - Abstract
In this report, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying a deafness-associated m.5783C > T mutation that affects the canonical C50-G63 base-pairing of TΨC stem of tRNACys and immediately adjacent to 5′ end of light-strand origin of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication (OriL). Two dimensional agarose gel electrophoresis revealed marked decreases in the replication intermediates including ascending arm of Y-fork arcs spanning OriL in the mutant cybrids bearing m.5783C > T mutation. mtDNA replication alterations were further evidenced by decreased levels of PolγA, Twinkle and SSBP1, newly synthesized mtDNA and mtDNA contents in the mutant cybrids. The m.5783C > T mutation altered tRNACys structure and function, including decreased melting temperature, conformational changes, instability and deficient aminoacylation of mutated tRNACys. The m.5783C > T mutation impaired the 5′ end processing efficiency of tRNACys precursors and reduced the levels of tRNACys and downstream tRNATyr. The aberrant tRNA metabolism impaired mitochondrial translation, which was especially pronounced effects in the polypeptides harboring higher numbers of cysteine and tyrosine codons. These alterations led to deficient oxidative phosphorylation including instability and reduced activities of the respiratory chain enzyme complexes I, III, IV and intact supercomplexes overall. Our findings highlight the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on deafness arising from defects in mitochondrial DNA replication and tRNA metabolism.
- Published
- 2022
31. Human TRUB1 is a highly conserved pseudouridine synthase responsible for the formation of Ψ55 in mitochondrial tRNAAsn, tRNAGln, tRNAGlu and tRNAPro
- Author
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Zidong Jia, Feilong Meng, Hui Chen, Gao Zhu, Xincheng Li, Yunfan He, Liyao Zhang, Xiao He, Huisen Zhan, Mengquan Chen, Yanchun Ji, Meng Wang, and Min-Xin Guan
- Subjects
Mammals ,RNA, Transfer, Pro ,RNA, Transfer, Met ,RNA, Transfer, Asn ,RNA, Transfer ,RNA, Transfer, Gln ,Genetics ,Animals ,Humans ,Intramolecular Transferases ,RNA, Transfer, Glu ,Pseudouridine ,HeLa Cells - Abstract
Pseudouridine (Ψ) at position 55 in tRNAs plays an important role in their structure and function. This modification is catalyzed by TruB/Pus4/Cbf5 family of pseudouridine synthases in bacteria and yeast. However, the mechanism of TRUB family underlying the formation of Ψ55 in the mammalian tRNAs is largely unknown. In this report, the CMC/reverse transcription assays demonstrated the presence of Ψ55 in the human mitochondrial tRNAAsn, tRNAGln, tRNAGlu, tRNAPro, tRNAMet, tRNALeu(UUR) and tRNASer(UCN). TRUB1 knockout (KO) cell lines generated by CRISPR/Cas9 technology exhibited the loss of Ψ55 modification in mitochondrial tRNAAsn, tRNAGln, tRNAGlu and tRNAPro but did not affect other 18 mitochondrial tRNAs. An in vitro assay revealed that recombinant TRUB1 protein can catalyze the efficient formation of Ψ55 in tRNAAsn and tRNAGln, but not in tRNAMet and tRNAArg. Notably, the overexpression of TRUB1 cDNA reversed the deficient Ψ55 modifications in these tRNAs in TRUB1KO HeLa cells. TRUB1 deficiency affected the base-pairing (18A/G-Ψ55), conformation and stability but not aminoacylation capacity of these tRNAs. Furthermore, TRUB1 deficiency impacted mitochondrial translation and biogenesis of oxidative phosphorylation system. Our findings demonstrated that human TRUB1 is a highly conserved mitochondrial pseudouridine synthase responsible for the Ψ55 modification in the mitochondrial tRNAAsn, tRNAGln, tRNAGlu and tRNAPro.
- Published
- 2022
32. Abnormal morphology and function in retinal ganglion cells derived from patients-specific iPSCs generated from individuals with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
- Author
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Zhipeng Nie, Chenghui Wang, Jiarong Chen, Yanchun Ji, Hongxing Zhang, Fuxin Zhao, Xiangtian Zhou, and Min-Xin Guan
- Subjects
Genetics ,General Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Genetics (clinical) - Abstract
Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited eye disease that results from degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGC). Mitochondrial ND4 11778G > A mutation, which affects structural components of complex I, is the most prevalent LHON-associated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation worldwide. The m.11778G > A mutation is the primary contributor underlying the development of LHON and X-linked PRICKLE3 allele (c.157C > T, p.Arg53Trp) linked to biogenesis of ATPase interacts with m.11778G > A mutation to cause LHON. However, the lack of appropriate cell and animal models of LHON has been significant obstacles for deep elucidation of disease pathophysiology, specifically the tissue-specific effects. Using RGC-like cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from members of one Chinese family (asymptomatic subjects carrying only m.11778G > A mutation or PRICKLE3 p.Arg53Trp mutation, symptomatic individuals bearing both m.11778G > A and PRICKLE3 p.Arg53Trp mutations and control lacking these mutations), we demonstrated the deleterious effects of mitochondrial dysfunctions on the morphology and functions of RGCs. Notably, iPSCs bearing only m.11778G > A or p.Arg53Trp mutation exhibited mild defects in differentiation to RGC-like cells. The RGC-like cells carrying only m.11778G > A or p.Arg53Trp mutation displayed mild defects in RGC morphology, including the area of soma and numbers of neurites, electrophysiological properties, ATP contents and apoptosis. Strikingly, those RGC-like cells derived from symptomatic individuals harboring both m.11778G > A and p.Arg53Trp mutations displayed greater defects in the development, morphology and functions than those in cells bearing single mutation. These findings provide new insights into pathophysiology of LHON arising from RGC deficiencies caused by synergy between m.11778G > A and PRICKLE3 p.Arg53Trp mutation.
- Published
- 2022
33. Experience and Discussion on Introducing the 'Internet Plus' Classroom Into Teaching Physiological Experimentation
- Author
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Yan-hong Guo, Jian Chen, Min Xin, Yong Wang, Jie Tan, Jing Tian, Wei-yong Liao, Xiao-ling Zhang, Min Su, Yong-jun Pang, and Wen-jun Huang
- Subjects
Education - Abstract
The “Internet Plus” education model, enabled by the internet, is a type of “Distance learning” education models. To explore the application of “Internet Plus” education in teaching physiological experimentation at Guilin Medical University, undergraduate clinical medicine students from the 2011 to 2013 classes were used as the historical control group for teaching an experimentation class using the traditional teaching model: “teacher-teaching + student-operation.” Undergraduate clinical medicine students from the 2014 to 2018 classes were used as the teaching reform group and were taught using an “Internet Plus” educational model: “microlectures-previewing + test + feedback + student-operation.” The experimentation operating examination results for the two groups of students were analyzed, questionnaire surveys were administered to students in the experimental group and the relevant teachers, and the survey results were counted. The experimentation operating examination results were significantly higher for the students in the teaching reform group (89.3 points) than for the control group students (84.4 points). The excellent rate was higher (69.8% for the reform group and 54.5% for the control group), whereas the failure rate was lower (1.9% for the teaching reform group and 4.3% for the control group). Additionally,90.1% of the students identified with this reform method, and more than 90% believed that the method improved their interest and confidence in surgical operations during pharmacological and pathophysiological experimentation classes in subsequent courses. All teachers in the physiological experimentation course identified with this teaching method, and 81.8% of the teachers of relevant disciplines in a later stage believed that this learning method was more conducive than traditional teaching to cultivating student interest in learning, proactivity, and other factors. Application of an “Internet Plus” educational model for physiological experimentation teaching can help cultivate hands-on operating abilities and improve the learning interest of students.
- Published
- 2022
34. Population genetics under the Massenerhebung effect: The influence of topography on the demography of Acer morrisonense
- Author
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Min Xin Luo, Yi Ting Tseng, Jui Tse Chang, Hsin Pei Lu, and Pei Chun Liao
- Subjects
Maple ,Ecology ,Winter monsoon ,Generalized additive model ,engineering ,Population genetics ,Massenerhebung effect ,engineering.material ,Biology ,Sapindaceae ,biology.organism_classification ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2021
35. Parallel adaptation prompted core-periphery divergence of
- Author
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Yong-Zhi, Yang, Min-Xin, Luo, Li-Dong, Pang, Run-Hong, Gao, Jui-Tse, Chang, and Pei-Chun, Liao
- Abstract
Range expansion requires peripheral populations to shift adaptive optima to breach range boundaries. Opportunities for range expansion can be assessed by investigating the associations of core-periphery environmental and genetic differences. This study investigates differences in the core-periphery adaptation of
- Published
- 2022
36. Mitochondrial tRNA variants in 811 Chinese probands with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
- Author
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Yanchun Ji, Juanjuan Zhang, Min Liang, Feilong Meng, Minglian Zhang, Jun Q. Mo, Meng Wang, and Min-Xin Guan
- Subjects
China ,RNA, Transfer ,Mutation ,Molecular Medicine ,Humans ,NADH Dehydrogenase ,Cell Biology ,Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber ,Molecular Biology ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,Pedigree - Abstract
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is the maternal inheritance of eye disorder. LHON-linked mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations affect the ND1, ND4 or ND6 genes encoding essential subunits of complex I. However, the role of mitochondrial tRNA defects in the pathogenesis of LHON is poorly understood. In this report, Sanger sequence analysis of 22 mitochondrial tRNA genes identified 139 variants in a cohort of 811 Han Chinese probands and 485 control Chinese subjects. Among these, 32 (4 known and 28 novel/putative) tRNA variants in 71 probands may contribute to pathogenesis of LHON, as these exhibited (1) present in 1% of controls; (2) evolutionary conservation; (3) potential and significance of structural and functional modifications. Such variants may have potentially compromised structural and functional aspects in the processing of tRNAs, structure stability, tRNA charging, or codon-anticodon interactions during translation. These 32 variants presented either singly or with multiple mutations, with the primary LHON-linked ND1 3640G A, ND4 11778G A or ND6 14484 T C mutations in the probands. The thirty-eight pedigrees carrying only one of tRNA variants exhibited relatively low penetrances of LHON, ranging from 5.7% to 42.9%, with an average of 19%. Strikingly, the average penetrances of optic neuropathy among 33 Chinese families carrying both a known/putative tRNA variant and a primary LHON-associated mtDNA mutation were 40.1%. These findings suggested that mitochondrial tRNA variants represent a significant causative factor for LHON, accounting for 8.75% cases in this cohort. These new insights may lead to beneficial applications in the pathophysiology, disease management, and genetic counseling of LHON.
- Published
- 2022
37. A deafness-associated tRNA mutation caused pleiotropic effects on the m1G37 modification, processing, stability and aminoacylation of tRNAIle and mitochondrial translation
- Author
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Min-Xin Guan, Mi Zhou, Meng Wang, Feilong Meng, Xiaoting Mao, Yong Fu, Zhenzhen Ye, Jing Zheng, Yun Xiao, Jiaxi Lin, Tianxiang Lin, and Xiaohui Cang
- Subjects
Male ,AcademicSubjects/SCI00010 ,Mitochondrial translation ,Mitochondrion ,Oxidative Phosphorylation ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ethnicity ,RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional ,Transfer RNA Aminoacylation ,RNA, Transfer, Ile ,Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ,tRNA Methyltransferases ,0303 health sciences ,Genetic Pleiotropy ,Middle Aged ,Recombinant Proteins ,Mitochondria ,Pedigree ,Cell biology ,Methanocaldococcus ,Transfer RNA ,Female ,Maternal Inheritance ,Adult ,RNase P ,Archaeal Proteins ,Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ,Aminoacylation ,Molecular Dynamics Simulation ,Biology ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,Methylation ,Cell Line ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,RNA and RNA-protein complexes ,Autophagy ,Genetics ,Humans ,Point Mutation ,Isoleucine ,030304 developmental biology ,Base Sequence ,Point mutation ,TRNA Methyltransferase ,Protein Biosynthesis ,Nucleic Acid Conformation ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Defects in the posttranscriptional modifications of mitochondrial tRNAs have been linked to human diseases, but their pathophysiology remains elusive. In this report, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying a deafness-associated tRNAIle 4295A>G mutation affecting a highly conserved adenosine at position 37, 3′ adjacent to the tRNA’s anticodon. Primer extension and methylation activity assays revealed that the m.4295A>G mutation introduced a tRNA methyltransferase 5 (TRMT5)-catalyzed m1G37 modification of tRNAIle. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that the m.4295A>G mutation affected tRNAIle structure and function, supported by increased melting temperature, conformational changes and instability of mutated tRNA. An in vitro processing experiment revealed that the m.4295A>G mutation reduced the 5′ end processing efficiency of tRNAIle precursors, catalyzed by RNase P. We demonstrated that cybrid cell lines carrying the m.4295A>G mutation exhibited significant alterations in aminoacylation and steady-state levels of tRNAIle. The aberrant tRNA metabolism resulted in the impairment of mitochondrial translation, respiratory deficiency, decreasing membrane potentials and ATP production, increasing production of reactive oxygen species and promoting autophagy. These demonstrated the pleiotropic effects of m.4295A>G mutation on tRNAIle and mitochondrial functions. Our findings highlighted the essential role of deficient posttranscriptional modifications in the structure and function of tRNA and their pathogenic consequence of deafness.
- Published
- 2021
38. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen addition on nitrogen uptake of rice genotypes with different root morphologies
- Author
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Lei Cheng, Chuan-Zao Mao, Min Xin, Wanying Zhu, Ju-Feng Ma, Xin Chen, and Chen-Chao Xu
- Subjects
Horticulture ,Root morphology ,Ecology ,chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ,Nitrogen ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2021
39. Plasma thymidylate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase mRNA levels as potential predictive biomarkers of pemetrexed sensitivity in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer
- Author
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Rong Li, Jin-Bo Huang, Xiao-Dong Zhang, Tao Li, Jun-Guo Lu, Yan Wang, Xiang-Rong Shi, and Min-Xin Shi
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Cisplatin ,Chemotherapy ,biology ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cancer ,non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ,medicine.disease ,Thymidylate synthase ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pemetrexed ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,parasitic diseases ,Dihydrofolate reductase ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Original Article ,business ,Lung cancer ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background High levels of thymidylate synthase (TS) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) expression in tumour tissues are an indicator of ineffective responses to pemetrexed-based chemotherapy in various tumours, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, tumour tissues are highly heterogeneous, so a single biopsy may not reflect genetic alterations during disease progression. This study investigated the potential use of plasma TS and DHFR mRNA levels as biomarkers for predicting sensitivity to pemetrexed-based chemotherapy. Methods Plasma samples were obtained from 245 patients with advanced NSCLC and 30 healthy donors. Total RNA was extracted from the plasma samples, and TS and DHFR mRNA levels were determined via real-time PCR. TS and DHFR mRNA levels between cancer patients and healthy controls were compared. The association between plasma TS and DHFR mRNA levels and tumour response to pemetrexed/cisplatin chemotherapy was analysed. Results The plasma TS and DHFR mRNA levels decreased in patients with advanced NSCLC compared with healthy controls. Moreover, plasma TS and DHFR mRNA levels negatively correlated with tumour response to pemetrexed/cisplatin chemotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC. Overall survival time was prolonged in patients with low TS mRNA expression compared with those with high TS mRNA expression, although the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions Low expression levels of plasma TS and DHFR mRNA confer increased tumour sensitivity to pemetrexed/cisplatin chemotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC. The results suggested that plasma TS and DHFR mRNA levels are promising biomarkers for choosing patients who are likely to respond and benefit the most from pemetrexed-based chemotherapy.
- Published
- 2020
40. Heterocarpy diversifies diaspore propagation of the desert shrub <scp> Ammopiptanthus mongolicus </scp>
- Author
-
Yong Zhi Yang, Run Hong Gao, Min Wei Chai, Rong Zhang, Bing Hong Huang, Pei Chun Liao, and Min Xin Luo
- Subjects
Diaspore (botany) ,Ecology ,Botany ,Selective advantage ,Ammopiptanthus mongolicus ,Biological dispersal ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Deserts and xeric shrublands ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2020
41. Asymmetrical effects of deafness-associated mitochondrial DNA 7516delA mutation on the processing of RNAs in the H-strand and L-strand polycistronic transcripts
- Author
-
Qinghai Zhang, Feilong Meng, Yun Xiao, Meng Wang, Zidong Jia, Fengguo Zhang, Qiufen He, Min-Xin Guan, Haibo Wang, and Lei Xu
- Subjects
Mitochondrial DNA ,AcademicSubjects/SCI00010 ,RNase P ,Mitochondrial translation ,Cell Respiration ,Mutant ,Apoptosis ,Deafness ,Biology ,Mitochondrion ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,Cell Line ,Mitochondrial Proteins ,RNA and RNA-protein complexes ,Genetics ,Humans ,RNA, Messenger ,RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional ,Mitochondrial tRNA processing ,RNA, Transfer, Ser ,Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ,RNA, Transfer, Asp ,RNA ,Cell biology ,Mutation ,Transfer RNA ,Reactive Oxygen Species - Abstract
In this report, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying a deafness-associated m.7516delA mutation affecting the 5′ end processing sites of mitochondrial tRNAAsp and tRNASer(UCN). An in vitro processing experiment demonstrated that m.7516delA mutation caused the aberrant 5′ end processing of tRNASer(UCN) and tRNAAsp precursors, catalyzed by RNase P. Using cytoplasmic hybrids (cybrids) derived from one hearing-impaired Chinese family bearing the m.7516delA mutation and control, we demonstrated the asymmetrical effects of m.7516delA mutation on the processing of tRNAs in the heavy (H)-strand and light (L)-strand polycistronic transcripts. Specially, the m.7516delA mutation caused the decreased levels of tRNASer(UCN) and downstream five tRNAs, including tRNATyr from the L-strand transcripts and tRNAAsp from the H-strand transcripts. Strikingly, mutant cybrids exhibited the lower level of COX2 mRNA and accumulation of longer and uncleaved precursors of COX2 from the H-strand transcripts. Aberrant RNA metabolisms yielded variable reductions in the mitochondrial proteins, especially marked reductions in the levels of ND4, ND5, CO1, CO2 and CO3. The impairment of mitochondrial translation caused the proteostasis stress and respiratory deficiency, diminished ATP production and membrane potential, increased production of reactive oxygen species and promoted apoptosis. Our findings provide new insights into the pathophysiology of deafness arising from mitochondrial tRNA processing defects.
- Published
- 2020
42. Clinical Retrospective Analysis of 340 Inpatients with Malignant Skin Tumors in Western Inner Mongolia
- Author
-
Min-Xin Jia, Dong-Xia Li, and Yu-Lei Liu
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Infectious Diseases ,business.industry ,RL1-803 ,Retrospective analysis ,Medicine ,Dermatology ,business ,Inner mongolia - Abstract
Objective:. This study was performed to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of inpatients with malignant skin tumors in western Inner Mongolia during the past 10 years. Methods:. We collected the clinical data of inpatients with histopathologically diagnosed malignant skin tumors admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from June 2008 to December 2018. Morbidity was compared using the Chi-square test. Results:. In total, 340 inpatients with malignant skin tumors were evaluated, including 163 (47.94%) patients with basal cell carcinoma, 134 (39.41%) with squamous cell carcinoma, 5 (1.47%) with malignant melanoma, 21 (6.18%) with Bowen disease, and 6 (1.76%) with Paget's disease. Four (1.18%) patients had metastatic skin cancer and seven (2.06%) had other malignant skin tumors. The patients comprised 132 (38.8%) men and 208 (61.1%) women, and there were no statistically significant sex-related differences among the skin malignancies (x2 = 5.006, P > 0.05). Among the 340 patients, 314 (92.4%) were of Han nationality and 26 (7.6%) were of ethnic minorities. Statistically significant differences were found in the various types of malignant skin tumors between the Han and minority groups (x2 = 19.446, P
- Published
- 2020
43. Different Roles of Introgression on the Demographic Change in Two Snakebark Maples
- Author
-
Min-Xin, Luo, Yi-Ting, Tseng, Jui-Tse, Chang, Chien-Ti, Chao, and Pei-Chun, Liao
- Abstract
Hybridization frequently occurs in plant species. With repeated backcross, the introgression may influence evolutionary trajectories through the entry of foreign genes. However, the genetic admixture via hybridization events is often confused with the ancestral polymorphism, especially in closely related species that have experienced similar evolutionary events. In Taiwan, two independent-originated endemic snakebark maples have contrasted postglacial range expansion routes: northward and upward expansion in
- Published
- 2022
44. Inhibition of LDHA to induce eEF2 release enhances thrombocytopoiesis
- Author
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Qidi Chen, Min Xin, Lingjun Wang, Lin Li, Yingzhi Shen, Yan Geng, Haojie Jiang, Yang Wang, Lin Zhang, Yanyan Xu, Yu Hou, Junling Liu, and Xuemei Fan
- Subjects
Blood Platelets ,Elongation Factor 2 Kinase ,Mice, Knockout ,L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ,Immunology ,Cell Biology ,Hematology ,NAD ,Biochemistry ,Thrombocytopenia ,Thrombopoiesis ,Mice ,Peptide Elongation Factor 2 ,Animals ,Enzyme Inhibitors ,Megakaryocytes - Abstract
Translation is essential for megakaryocyte (MK) maturation and platelet production. However, how the translational pathways are regulated in this process remains unknown. In this study, we found that MK/platelet–specific lactate dehydrogenase A (LdhA) knockout mice exhibited an increased number of platelets with remarkably accelerated MK maturation and proplatelet formation. Interestingly, the role of LDHA in MK maturation and platelet formation did not depend on lactate content, which was the major product of LDHA. Mechanism studies revealed that LDHA interacted with eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) in the cytoplasm, controlling the participation of eEF2 in translation at the ribosome. Furthermore, the interaction of LDHA and eEF2 was dependent on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), a coenzyme of LDHA. NADH-competitive inhibitors of LDHA could release eEF2 from the LDHA pool, upregulate translation, and enhance MK maturation in vitro. Among LDHA inhibitors, stiripentol significantly promoted the production of platelets in vivo under a physiological state and in the immune thrombocytopenia model. Moreover, stiripentol could promote platelet production from human cord blood mononuclear cell–derived MKs and also have a superposed effect with romiplostim. In short, this study shows a novel nonclassical function of LDHA in translation that may serve as a potential target for thrombocytopenia therapy.
- Published
- 2022
45. Kinetic Analysis and Pyrolysis Behaviour Of Pine Needles by Tg-Ftir and Py-Gc/Ms
- Author
-
Langui Xu, Yujian Zhang, Ziyong Wang, Shurui Guo, Yuguo Gao, Min Xin, Yi Ran, and Ruyi Huang
- Subjects
History ,Polymers and Plastics ,Business and International Management ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2022
46. Kinetic Analysis and Pyrolysis Behaviour Of Pine Needles by Tg-Ftir and Py-Gc/Ms
- Author
-
Yujian Zhang, Langui Xu, Ziyong Wang, Shurui Guo, Yongxing Hao, Yuguo Gao, Min Xin, Yi Ran, and Ruyi Huang
- Subjects
History ,Polymers and Plastics ,Business and International Management ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2022
47. Heteroplasmic and homoplasmic m.616TC in mitochondria tRNAPhe promote isolated chronic kidney disease and hyperuricemia
- Author
-
Chengxian Xu, Lingxiao Tong, Jia Rao, Qing Ye, Yuxia Chen, Yingying Zhang, Jie Xu, Xiaoting Mao, Feilong Meng, Huijun Shen, Zhihong Lu, Xiaohui Cang, Haidong Fu, Shugang Wang, Weiyue Gu, En-Yin Lai, Min-Xin Guan, Pingping Jiang, and Jianhua Mao
- Subjects
RNA, Transfer, Phe ,RNA, Transfer ,Humans ,Kidney Failure, Chronic ,General Medicine ,Hyperuricemia ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,Child ,Mitochondria - Abstract
Inherited kidney diseases are the fifth most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a vital role in the progression of inherited kidney diseases, while mitochondrial-transfer RNA (mt-tRNA) variants and their pathogenic contributions to kidney disease remain largely unclear. In this study, we identified the pathogenic mt-tRNAPhe 616TC mutation in 3 families and documented that m.616TC showed a high pathogenic threshold, with both heteroplasmy and homoplasmy leading to isolated chronic kidney disease and hyperuricemia without hematuria, proteinuria, or renal cyst formation. Moreover, 1 proband with homoplamic m.616TC presented ESRD as a child. No symptoms of nervous system evolvement were observed in these families. Lymphoblast cells bearing m.616TC exhibited swollen mitochondria, underwent active mitophagy, and showed respiratory deficiency, leading to reduced mitochondrial ATP production, diminished membrane potential, and overproduction of mitochondrial ROS. Pathogenic m.616TC abolished a highly conserved base pair (A31-U39) in the anticodon stem-loop which altered the structure of mt-tRNAPhe, as confirmed by a decreased melting temperature and slower electrophoretic mobility of the mutant tRNA. Furthermore, the unstable structure of mt-tRNAPhe contributed to a shortage of steady-state mt-tRNAPhe and enhanced aminoacylation efficiency, which resulted in impaired mitochondrial RNA translation and a significant decrease in mtDNA-encoded polypeptides. Collectively, these findings provide potentially new insights into the pathogenesis underlying inherited kidney disease caused by mitochondrial variants.
- Published
- 2021
48. The Effect of Cognitive Impairment on the Prognosis of Major Depressive Disorder
- Author
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Yunlong Tan, Lei Feng, Gang Wang, Yuan Feng, Li-Min Xin, Xiaoyu Zhu, and Baohua Zhang
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Work ,Efficiency ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Patient Health Questionnaire ,Severity of Illness Index ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life ,Rating scale ,mental disorders ,Humans ,Medicine ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Cognitive impairment ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Depressive Disorder, Major ,Work productivity ,business.industry ,Recovery of Function ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,humanities ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychosocial Functioning ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Case-Control Studies ,Digit symbol substitution test ,Linear Models ,Major depressive disorder ,Female ,business ,human activities ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
The study recruited 168 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). The nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Perceived Deficits Questionnaire for Depression (PDQ-D) were lower and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) was higher in the community volunteers than those in MDD patients. Depression-related scores (17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HAMD-17], Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness Scale [CGI-S], and PHQ-9), functioning-related scores (Sheehan Disability Scale [SDS]), and Work Efficiency and Activity Damage-Specific Health Problems questionnaire work productivity loss were decreased, and the quality of life-related scores (European Quality of life-5 Dimensions [EQ-5D] utility score) were increased in the MDD patients. PDQ-D was decreased and DSST was increased with the increase of follow-up time. Linear regression indicated that cognitive symptoms (PDQ-D and DSST) improved more slowly than depressive symptoms (PHQ-9). At baseline, PDQ-D was related with functioning (SDS and work productivity loss). PDQ-D and DSST were related with EQ-5D utility score. In addition, at month 6, PDQ-D was related with functioning (SDS and work productivity loss) and EQ-5D utility score. Cognitive impairment might be a risk for MDD and MDD-related changes in the functioning and quality of life.
- Published
- 2020
49. Development and characterization of novel microsatellite markers in chestnut tiger butterfly Parantica sita (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) using next-generation sequencing
- Author
-
Yu Feng Hsu, Min Xin Luo, Rong Jiang Wang, Ping Hu, and Chia Lung Huang
- Subjects
education.field_of_study ,genetic structures ,biology ,Population ,Locus (genetics) ,Subspecies ,biology.organism_classification ,Nymphalidae ,Parantica sita ,Genetic marker ,Evolutionary biology ,Insect Science ,Butterfly ,Microsatellite ,education - Abstract
While one subspecies of chestnut tiger butterfly (Parantica sita, Lepitoptera: Nymphalidae) undertakes seasonal migration between Taiwan and Japan, it is still unknown whether the nominate subspecies, P. s. sita, migrates seasonally in southwest China. To understand the potential migration of P. s. sita, it is necessary to investigate the genetic differentiation among populations. In our study, we developed 18 novel microsatellite markers from the transcriptome using next-generation sequencing methods. These polymorphic markers were tested on 89 individuals from 4 populations of P. sita. The allele numbers ranged from 2 to 19. The average polymorphism information content values in each population ranged from 0.34 to 0.40. The observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity of each locus in each population ranged from 0.043 to 0.870 and 0.043 to 0.833, respectively. These informative microsatellite markers would be helpful for discovering the facts of P. sita long-distance migration in China.
- Published
- 2020
50. Overexpression of mitochondrial histidyl-tRNA synthetase restores mitochondrial dysfunction caused by a deafness-associated tRNAHis mutation
- Author
-
Shasha Gong, Xiaoqiong Wang, Feilong Meng, Limei Cui, Qiuzi Yi, Qiong Zhao, Xiaohui Cang, Zhiyi Cai, Jun Qin Mo, Yong Liang, and Min-Xin Guan
- Subjects
Cell Biology ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Published
- 2020
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