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PurposeIntegrality of surface mesh is requisite for computational engineering. Nonwatertight meshes with holes can bring inconvenience to applications. Unlike simple modeling or visualization, the downstream industrial application scenarios put forward higher requirements for hole-filling, although many related algorithms have been developed. This study aims at the hole-filling issue in industrial application scenarios.Design/methodology/approachThis algorithm overcomes some inherent weakness of general methods and generates a high-level resulting mesh. Initially, the primitive hole boundary is filled with a more appropriate triangulation which introduces fewer geometric errors. And in order for better performances on shape approximation of the background mesh, the algorithm also refines the initial triangulation with topology optimization. When obtaining the background mesh defining the geometry and size field, spheres on it are packed to determine the vertex configuration and then the resulting high-level mesh is generated.FindingsThrough emphasizing geometry recovery and mesh quality, the proposed algorithm works well in hole-filling in industrial application scenarios. Many experimental results demonstrate the reliability and the performance of the algorithm. And the processed meshes are capable of being used for industrial simulation computations directly.Originality/valueThis paper makes input meshes more adaptable for solving programs through local modifications on meshes and perfects the preprocessing technology of finite element analysis (FEA).

In order to study the realization of medical image restoration, this study mainly adopts blind equalization algorithm to analyze medical images, and observes the improvement effect of blind equalization technology on medical images. In the process of medical image formation, it is unavoidable to be affected by point spread function, which leads to image degradation and brings great difficulties to diagnosis, and the results of degradation are often unpredictable. The results show that the blind restoration algorithm can restore the image when the degradation process of the medical image is uncertain, which makes the medical image clearer and more accurate, brings great convenience to the diagnosis, and also reduces the diagnostic errors caused by the unclear image.

In order to explore the three-dimensional reconstruction of lung cancer CT images by MIMICS software, the purpose of enhancing the effect of the lesion area is realized, and the visualization model can be realized, which can effectively assist the early diagnosis of lung cancer and the surgical treatment of lung cancer. Using lung CT scan data from lung cancer patients, semi-automated segmentation methods are used to segment the lung tumors in MIMICS software to create an individualized lung cancer model. MIMICS software accurately and efficiently distributes the model according to the gray values of different tissues, and successfully establishes a human body chest finite element model with realistic shape and accurate structure. The model includes chest skin, bones, lungs, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins, and tracheobronchial trees, providing precise model support for finite element analysis. This study successfully constructs a three-dimensional digital model of individualized lung cancer. The model has high geometric similarity and strong stereoscopic effect. It truly reflects the morphological characteristics of lung cancer and the spatial relationship between adjacent structures, which makes the imaging effect of lung cancer lesions more prominent. By moving, separating, combining, and revealing the model, multi-angle observation and measurement can be performed, which facilitates preoperative planning and shortens the operation time.

The purpose of this study is to explore the value of CT (computed tomography) continuous scanning by MIMICS (Materiaise's interactive medical image control system) in segmentation modeling of lung cancer images and to analyze the process of building a three-dimensional finite element model of lung cancer quickly and accurately. In this study, MIMICS software is used to conduct data collection of routine CT continuous image for 12 patients diagnosed with lung cancer, and a database is established. The image is divided according to a specific rule, such as grayscale, space, texture, geometric shape and other characteristics, to form a series of meaningful regions. Software MIMICS17.0 is used to perform visualization segmentation, extraction, and 3d rendering to images, followed by data transformation. Because the 3d images constructed by MIMICS software have the advantages of strong editability and wide subsequent application, the lung cancer model images constructed in this study are lifelike in shape, with high geometric similarity and strong sense of solidity, truly reflecting the morphological characteristics of lung cancer and the spatial relationship between adjacent structures. Therefore, by transparently treating the lungs, the internal tumor, bronchial system and vascular system can be observed directly, thereby better presenting the spatial location of the lung tumor. However, due to the limitations of the software itself, the XYZ data of lung of space-occupying lesions could not be output by the program, which needs to be further studied and verified.

This study presented a penetrating insight into the basic principle of ensemble learning and the ensemble technique Boosting, and deduced the theoretical model and learning principle of the adaptive ensemble learning. Besides, it proposed a Adaboost-based power system load forecasting method, and validated the effectiveness of this method through the empirical forecasting of a provincial medium and long-term load. The calculation example in this paper proves that high-accuracy of medium and long-term load forecasting can be achieved by using Adaboost-based power system load forecasting method.

Scientific load forecasting methods and accurate forecasting results are an important basis for the power system planning department work, as well as the basis and guarantee for correct decision-making on investment and construction. This paper has thoroughly studied the basic principles of recurrent neural networks and their shortcomings that they cannot solve long-term dependence problems, and a power system load forecasting method based on LSTM networks is proposed. Through the built-in two memory state lines of long term and short term, the problems that it is difficult to capture the long-term development trend and short-term fluctuation characteristics of data in time series prediction were solved. The results of case analysis show that this method can effectively improve the accuracy of power system load prediction.

Rationale Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (PPLELC) is a rare subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It is predominantly reported in East Asia and currently there is no standard treatment for this disease. We report a case of stage IV PPLELC that achieved pathological complete response (pCR) by neoadjuvant treatment. Patient concerns The patient was a 46-year-old male who developed hemoptysis for about 20 ml of volume accompanied by cough and sputum after physical labor. Diagnoses Contrast enhanced chest CT scanning showed occupation of left lower hilar area and left pleural effusion. Combined with medical history and auxiliary examination, the patient was formally diagnosed stage IV lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the left lower lung (T3N0M1a pleura). Interventions The patient was given Sintilimab combined with gemcitabine + nedaplatin chemotherapy (GP) regimen for four cycles with 3 weeks as a cycle, supplemented with antiemetics and stomach protection drugs to reduce chemotherapy-related side effects. Outcomes After 4 cycles of treatment, the patient's left lung lesion has been markedly reduced and the left pleural effusion has also been significantly absorbed. Remarkably, surgical biopsies found no cancer cells in the lesion site and postoperative pathology showed complete pathological remission (pCR). Lessons We reported a case of PPLELC that is sensitive to neoadjuvant treatment, showing excellent effectiveness and safety and achieving pCR.

Enterprise networks today have highly diverse correctness requirements and relatively common performance objectives. As a result, preferred abstractions for enterprise networks are those which allow matching correctness specification, while transparently managing performance. Existing SDN network management architectures, however, bundle correctness and performance as a single abstraction. We argue that this creates an SDN ecosystem that is unnecessarily hard to build, maintain and evolve. We advocate a separation of the diverse correctness abstractions from generic performance optimization, to enable easier evolution of SDN controllers and platforms. We propose Oreo, a first step towards a common and relatively transparent performance optimization layer for SDN. Oreo performs the optimization by first building a model that describes every flow in the network, and then performing network-wide, multi-objective optimization based on this model without disrupting higher level correctness.

In this paper, we develop a truthful and efficient combinatorial auction scheme under a novel spectrum allocation model that can achieve a worst-case approximation ratio \sqrt{m} in social welfare. We propose to tackle the dynamic spectrum access problem in cognitive radio (CR) networks with time-frequency flexibility requirements. We model the spectrum opportunity in a time-frequency division manner and the spectrum allocation as a combinatorial auction. Then we design an auction mechanism to reach the upper bound in polynomial time and propose a combined approach to improve the bound in the cost of increasing computational complexity. A truthful payment that gives incentive to the SUs for revealing the truthful valuation of the desirable bundle of slots is presented. In order to reduce the complexity, we simplify the general model to a modified model that only allows frequency flexibility, and then present a truthful, optimal and computationally efficient auction mechanism. Extensive simulation results of the social welfare and spectrum ratio show that the performance of the combined approximation algorithm is better than the sorting based greedy algorithm.

As one of the most correlative impact factors of photovoltaic (PV) power output, the PV module temperature plays very important role in PV power forecasting, but often be confused with ambient temperature. In this paper, the research on impacts of ambient temperature and PV module temperature on power output of PV modules is analyzed to explore the differences and similarities of the two kinds of temperatures. Firstly, based on Mutual Information Theory, the quantitative research is presented to study the correlations between the power output of PV modules and the two temperatures under four different weather classifications: sunny day, cloudy day, shower day, and heavy rainy day, marked by A, B, C, and D respectively. And then, three different short-term step-wise models based on support vector machine (SVM) are applied to forecast the power output for photovoltaic. Step-wise model means that there are two layers in a model, in which the first layer is to predict the impact factors while the second layer is a mapping model between PV power output and the impact factors. The results indicate that for PV power output, the impact of PV module temperature is stronger about 20%∼30% than ambient temperature, and the forecasting results measured by Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) show that the model only using PV module temperature as the inputs is more accurate.

Single particle strength is the main factor that influences particle breakage. In order to explore particle strength characteristics and the relationship between the strength and size of calcareous sand from the South China Sea, single particle crushing tests were conducted using self-made test equipment. Hundreds of particles (0.72–3.12 mm) divided into three groups of different sizes were used to perform the test. The results show that the strength characteristics of the particles were similar to those of a typical brittle material and were lower than that of quartz sand. Under flat unconfined compression, two types of uniaxial compressive force–displacement curves were defined according to the tests, related to the shape and structure of the calcareous sand particles. Statistical data analysis shows that the calcareous sand particles’ strength is in good agreement with the Weibull distribution. The particle crushing strength decreases as the particle diameter increases. Different shapes of calcareous sand particles show different strength characteristics. In addition, the mineral composition, microstructure, distribution of inner voids and fracture are related to the particle strength of calcareous sand.

We evaluated the influence of the photodynamic therapy (PDT) dosage with hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) on its therapeutic efficacy in a rabbit model of in situ rectal cancer. VX2 cells were injected into the rectal submucosa of a rabbit to establish a carcinoma model in situ. After 10–14 days, the tumors were treated with PDT at three dosages: a low dose (5 mg/kg HMME; 60 J/cm 2 laser power), intermediate dose (5 mg/kg; 240 J/cm 2 ), and high dose (10 mg/kg; 360 J/cm 2 ). Tumor growth, animal survival, histopathological changes, general conditions, and adverse reactions were analyzed. PDT showed inhibitive effects on rectal cancer in all PDT groups, and the efficacy was correlated with the PDT dosage. The high dose PDT group had the best efficacy with a remarkable response rate of 20% and slight response rate of 80%, but it also had the highest death rate of 80% at day 7. The intermediate dose PDT group had a total response rate of 80% (60% remarkable plus 20% slight) and a 40% death rate. Comparably, the low dose PDT group had a 40% slight response rate and 60% death rate. Therefore, the intermediate dose of PDT was considered to be optimal among the three groups. Based on endoscopy findings, we also found that high dose PDT presented more side effects including inflammation, intestinal obstruction, rectal dysfunction, and death when PDT was performed on tumors inside the rectal tract. Our results indicate that a moderate PDT dose is more appropriate to treat tumors located in tract or cavity tissues.

A transition metal-free approach to facile synthesis of thiocyanato- and nitro-arenes was developed from KSCN or NaNO2 with diaryliodonium salts in good yields under mild conditions. The reaction was compatible with a variety of sensitive functional substituents such as halides, nitro, and ester groups. The usefulness of arylation products has been realized.

Interactive applications like web browsing are sensitive to latency. Unfortunately, TCP consumes significant time in its start-up phase and loss recovery. Existing sender-side optimizations use more aggressive start-up strategies to reduce latency, but at the same time they harm safety in the sense that they can damage co-existing flows' performance and potentially the network's overall ability to deliver data. In this paper, we experimentally compare existing solutions' latency performance and more importantly, the trade-off between latency and safety at both the flow level and the application level. We argue that existing solutions are still operating away from the sweet spot on this trade-off plane. Based on the diagnosis of existing solutions, we introduce Halfback, a new short-flow transmission mechanism that operates on a better latency-safety trade-off point: Halfback achieves lower latency than the lowest latency previous solution and at the same time significantly better safety. As Halfback is TCP-friendly and requires only sender-side changes, it is feasible to deploy.

We aimed to predict colorectal cancer (CRC) based on the demographic features and clinical correlates of personal symptoms and signs from Tianjin community-based CRC screening data. A total of 891,199 residents who were aged 60 to 74 and were screened in 2012 were enrolled. The Lasso logistic regression model was used to identify the predictors for CRC. Predictive validity was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Bootstrapping method was also performed to validate this prediction model. CRC was best predicted by a model that included age, sex, education level, occupations, diarrhea, constipation, colon mucosa and bleeding, gallbladder disease, a stressful life event, family history of CRC, and a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT). The area under curve (AUC) for the questionnaire with a FIT was 84% (95% CI: 82%–86%), followed by 76% (95% CI: 74%–79%) for a FIT alone, and 73% (95% CI: 71%–76%) for the questionnaire alone. With 500 bootstrap replications, the estimated optimism (

An emerging architecture for software-defined data centers andWANs is the network fabric, where complex application-sensitive functions are factored out, leaving the network itself to provide a simple, robust high-performance data delivery abstraction. This requires performing route optimization, in real time and across a diverse choice of paths. A large variety of techniques have been proposed to provide path diversity for network fabrics. But, running up against the constraint of forwarding table size, these proposals are topology-dependent, complex, and still only provide limited path choice which (we show) can impact performance.We propose a simple approach to realize the vision of a flexible, high-performance fabric: the network should expose every possible path, allowing a controller or edge device maximum choice. To this end, we observe that source routing can be encoded and processed compactly into a single field, even in large networks, with OpenFlow 1.3. We show that, in addition to the expected decrease in required forwarding table size, source routing supports optimal throughput performance, in some cases significantly higher than some past proposals. We thus believe source routing offers a clean abstraction and efficient implementation for future network fabrics.

Comparing with China medical image engineering and technology specialty, the paper detailed analyzed British medical image engineering and technology developments, their training model, teaching methods, course design, and professional trend characteristics. In this paper, author Combining our conventional imaging engineering and techniques specialty teaching conditions in recent years, current problem was revealed. based on the British medical image engineering and technical specialty experience, our medical image engineering and technology curriculum system has been adjusted. initial results was coming. H ow to improve image engineering and technical specialty constructions, concise course system, how to integrating practice teaching , research and theoretical teaching were constructive discussed.

Two different dispersion methods were studied in order to obtain rhenium[Re-188] sulfide suspension with different particle size distributions. The manufactured swirling device offers Suspension I with larger particles (55%> 5 mu m, 19%> 10 mu m). However, ultrasonication can only produce Suspension II with smaller particles(93% 10 mu m). Stability tests indicated that deposition appears after 6 and 15 minutes for Suspensions I and II, respectively. Radiochemical purity and particle size distribution did not change distinctively within 24 hours. So, both suspensions can be used in animal tests to find out the optimal particle size ranges for intra-articular injection.

Objectives Many radiopharmaceuticals have been studied as radiation synovectomy agents. In this study, we developed a new potential agent for radiation synovectomy: poly(lactic acid)-histidine (PLA-his) microspheres radiolabelled with [ 1 8 8 Re(CO) 3 (H 2 O) 3 ] + . Methods The reaction conditions for the chelation of [ 1 8 8 Re(CO) 3 (H 2 O) 3 ] + and the radiolabelling of PLA microspheres were optimized and the stabilities for both steps tested in vitro. Results The chelation efficiency of [ 1 8 8 Re(CO) 3 (H 2 O) 3 ] + reached 93.12′1.82% with >95% radiochemical purity once the colloidal and free 1 8 8 Re were removed by a small Sep-Pak column (Plus QMA). More than 90% of radioactivity stayed in the [ 1 8 8 Re(CO) 3 (H 2 O) 3 ] + form over 5 h. The radiolabelling efficiency of PLA-his microspheres with [ 1 8 8 Re(CO) 3 (H 2 O) 3 ] + was above 92%. After 3 days incubation at 37°C in calf serum, more than 80% of the radioactivity was still bound to the microspheres. Conclusion Such microspheres are potentially useful as a radiation synovectomy agent for the treatment of chronically inflamed arthritic joints. Furthermore, they might be valuable in cancer brachytherapy.

After more than two decades of evolution, TCP and its end host based modifications can still suffer from severely degraded performance under real-world challenging network conditions. The reason, as we observe, is due to TCP family's fundamental architectural deficiency, which hardwires packet-level events to control responses and ignores emprical performance. Jumping out of TCP lineage's architectural deficiency, we propose Performance-oriented Congestion Control (PCC), a new congestion control architecture in which each sender controls its sending strategy based on empirically observed performance metrics. We show through preliminary experimental results that PCC achieves consistently high performance under various challenging network conditions.

In this paper, we tackle the spectrum allocation problem in cognitive radio (CR) networks with time-frequency flexibility consideration using combinatorial auction. Different from all the previous works using auction mechanisms, we model the spectrum opportunity in a time-frequency division manner. This model caters to much more flexible requirements from secondary users (SUs) and has very clear application meaning. The additional flexibility also brings theoretical and computational difficulties. We model the spectrum allocation as a combinatorial auction and show that under the time-frequency flexible model, reaching the social welfare maximal is NP hard and the upper bound of worst-case approximation ratio is √m, m is the number of time-frequency slots. Therefore, we design an auction mechanism with near-optimal winner determination algorithm, whose worst-case approximation ratio reaches the upper bound √m. Further we devise a truthful payment scheme under the approximation winner determination algorithm to guarantee that all the bids submitted by SUs reflect their true valuation of the spectrum. To further address the issue and reach optimality, we simplify the general model to that only frequency flexibility is allowed, which is still useful, and propose a truthful, optimal and computationally efficient auction mechanism under modified model. Extensive simulation results show that all the proposed algorithms generate high social welfare as well as high spectrum utilization ratio. What's more, the actual approximation ratio of near-optimal algorithm is much higher than the worst-case approximation ratio.

In this paper, we deal with possible data transmission congestion on the sink node in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). We consider a scenario in which all the sensor nodes have a certain amount of storage space and acquire data from the surroundings at heterogeneous speed. Because receiving bandwidth of the sink node is limited, a proper bandwidth allocation mechanism should be implemented to avoid possible congestion or data loss due to the overflow of some sensor nodes. To address this problem, we firstly design a novel bandwidth allocation mechanism, SWM, that can maximize the social utility, an indicator of every sensor node's satisfaction degree and the social fairness. Furthermore, we model the allocation process under the SWM as a noncooperative game and figure out the unique Nash Equilibrium. The uniqueness of the equilibrium demonstrates that this network will actually approach to a fair and stable state.

In this paper, we deal with the scenario that a single secondary user attempts to opportunistically access the 3G Wireless CDMA Networks licensed to primary users. Different from the former works merely consider the channel as two state Markov process,, we expand the channel's availability into a multiple-state Markov process according to the transmission power of SU. We propose a cyclical, but not periodic sensing and transmission strategy, which can be divided into two steps: 1) the SU acquires the estimation about how many PUs are in this networks during sensing period; 2) Based on the estimation, the SU determine how much transmission power and how long time period it can transmit? Further, we derive the optimal transmission strategy profile which consist of different transmission power and time corresponding to different number of PUs in service. Finally, the simulation results indicates that our optimal strategy is superior to the empirical strategy such as the maximum power transmission strategy and the maximum time transmission strategy, and achieve the highest throughput of SU in the long run.

Multi level sections synchronous expanding and contracting hydraulics cylinder is a new type multilevel sections hydraulics cylinder, it has many special properties. Comparing with other general type multilevel sections hydraulics cylinder, it could achieve the synchronous actions of the multilevel sections hydraulics cylinder. Therefore, its transmission rate is high. Also it can maintain a steady speed when it works. It has a little impact and libration and works steadily. With accurately using, it could improve the properties of hydraulic system and efficacy of hydraulic equipment, and its value should be popularized. The basal structure and the principle of four sections synchronous expanding and contracting hydraulics cylinder are detailedly discussed in the article. The primary parameters about hydraulics cylinder, such as pressure and speed etc, are analyzed. The author also concludes the primary properties of the four sections synchronous expanding and contracting hydraulics cylinder in this article, and introduces a new type of multilevel sections synchronous expanding and contracting hydraulics cylinder.

in the automated machinery manufacturing system, In order to improve the quality of work piece and assurance the normal operation of the working system, we often need to examine and monitor the process of the working and condition of the system. Author uses mathematical statistic analysis principle and design an equipment which can measure the wok piece size in real time and control the working process by itself. By using this equipment, we can control the quality of the work piece, decrease the rate of waste products, increase the efficiency of machine work, improve the stationeriness of working process. In this article, we describe and introduce the working principle of the equipment for detecting and monitoring process, and show the specific implementation of the programme.

To explore the remodeling mechanism of myocardium and sympathetic nerve in pressure overload left ventricular hypertrophy and elucidate the protective effect of statins.Pressure-overload left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) of rats was induced by partial coarctation of abdominal aorta; a sham-operated group served as the control (SHAM, n = 22). At 8 weeks post-operation, the animals were divided into two groups and a 12-week treatment period was investigated. At the end of treatment period, echocardiographic evaluations and hemodynamic measurements were performed. Sympathetic innervation was investigated by analyzing nerve growth factor (NGF), growth associated protein-43 (GAP43) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH).In LVH rats, a significant increase of left ventricular weight, left ventricular weight/body weight, echocardiographic left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, interventricular septum thickness, posterior left ventricular wall thickness, left ventricular systolic pressure and dP/dt was observed. The expressions of NGF and GAP43 protein were significantly down-regulated (0.82 +/- 0.06 vs 1.53 +/- 0.10, 0.68 +/- 0.06 vs 0.81 +/- 0.10) and TH level was up-regulated (0.44 +/- 0.10 vs 0.62 +/- 0.06) by RSV treatment.A HMG CoA inhibitor reverses the development of left ventricular hypertrophy and inhibits sympathetic innervation in abdominal aortic-clamped animals.

Particulate air pollution is associated with respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, important uncertainties remain in the quantification of extrapulmonary translocation of ultrafine particles into blood circulation. Therefore, the widely used radioiodinated technique was applied to radiolabel polystyrene particles with an average diameter of 56.4 and 202 nm, respectively. The extrapulmonary distribution of these particles (3.7 x 10(5) Bq/rat) was quantified at 0.5, 2, 24 and 120 h after intratracheal instillation in rats. Moreover, we have taken into account the possible involvement of pulmonary inflammation in this process. Rats which received a single intratracheal instillation of free 125I or a single intravenous injection of labeled ultrafine particles served as control. The results indicated that the pulmonary deposition of radioactivity was almost unchanged for both sizes. Only small amounts of radioactivity (1.64-2.49%) were recovered in blood shortly after administration of both types of particle, in healthy rats. However, the extent of particle translocation into the blood of the ultrafine size following the pretreatment with lipopolysaccharides was significantly higher (from 1.96 +/- 0.67 to 4.73 +/- 0.31%) compared to larger particles (from 2.19 +/- 0.77 to 2.21 +/- 0.64%). In conclusion, our findings suggest that only a small fraction of intratracheal-instilled ultrafine particles can pass rapidly into systemic circulation, but this translocation is markedly increased following LPS pretreatment. Thus, pulmonary inflammation seems to play a major role in enhancing the extrapulmonary translocation of particles.