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8. Mawuphalla antennomyia Lehrer, 2013: 9. Figs 6, 7. TYPE LOCALITY: Benin, Atlantique, Ouidah [“Bénin... Quidah [sic!], XII.2003, leg. G. Goergen ”]. TYPE SPECIMEN: Holotype ♁, by original designation, deposited in SMNHTAU. CURRENT STATUS: Ceracia africana (Mesnil, 1959) [teste this work]. FAMILY: Tachinidae. REMARKS: Holotype in poor condition, being somewhat greasy and with wings and legs partly damaged and many setae lost. It is direct-pinned, with terminalia dissected and kept in a vial with glycerin on same pin. This is the first record of Ceracia from Benin (O’Hara & Cerretti 2016)., Published as part of Cerretti, P., Morgulis, E., Michelsen, V. & Pape, T., 2023, Nominal genera and species of Diptera misidentified as to family by A. Z. Lehrer (Diptera: Muscidae, Tachinidae), pp. 189-194 in Zootaxa 5278 (1) on page 192, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5278.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7894788, {"references":["Mesnil, L. P. (1959) Tachinidae d'Afrique orientale (Dipt.) (Recoltes par l'expedition zoologique allemande en Afrique orientale de 1951 / 52. Groupe Lindner - Stuttgart, Nr. 33). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, 23, 1 - 31. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / part / 97027 (accessed 29 January 2023)","O'Hara, J. E. & Cerretti, P. (2016) Annotated catalogue of the Tachinidae (Insecta, Diptera) of the Afrotropical Region, with the description of seven new genera. ZooKeys, 575, 1 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 575.6072"]}

12. Spinuphalla juxtina Lehrer, 2013: 12. Figs 9, 10. TYPE LOCALITY: Benin, Littoral, Cotonou [Bénin... Cotonou, XII.2003, leg. G. Goergen ”]. TYPE SPECIMEN: Holotype ♁, by original designation, deposited in SMNHTAU. CURRENT STATUS: Drino (Palexorista Townsend, 1921) juxtina (Lehrer, 2013), comb. nov. FAMILY: Tachinidae. REMARKS: Holotype in fair condition, but somewhat greasy and with wings and legs partly damaged. It is direct-pinned, with terminalia dissected and kept in a vial with glycerin on same pin. This is the first record of Drino from Benin (O’Hara & Cerretti 2016)., Published as part of Cerretti, P., Morgulis, E., Michelsen, V. & Pape, T., 2023, Nominal genera and species of Diptera misidentified as to family by A. Z. Lehrer (Diptera: Muscidae, Tachinidae), pp. 189-194 in Zootaxa 5278 (1) on page 193, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5278.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7894788, {"references":["O'Hara, J. E. & Cerretti, P. (2016) Annotated catalogue of the Tachinidae (Insecta, Diptera) of the Afrotropical Region, with the description of seven new genera. ZooKeys, 575, 1 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 575.6072"]}

7. Mawuphalla Lehrer, 2013: 8. [Described in Sarcophagidae: Miltogramminae.] ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Mawuphalla antennomyia Lehrer, 2013 [= Myothyria africana Mesnil, 1959, syn. nov.]. TYPE SPECIES: Mawuphalla antennomyia Lehrer, 2013 [= Myothyria africana Mesnil, 1959, syn. nov.], by original designation. CURRENT STATUS: Ceracia Rondani, 1865, syn. nov. FAMILY: Tachinidae. REMARKS: The acemyine genus Ceracia is widespread throughout the world and comprises 13 described species, four of which are recorded from the Afrotropical Region, including three that are endemic to the region (O’Hara & Cerretti 2016; O’Hara et al. 2020)., Published as part of Cerretti, P., Morgulis, E., Michelsen, V. & Pape, T., 2023, Nominal genera and species of Diptera misidentified as to family by A. Z. Lehrer (Diptera: Muscidae, Tachinidae), pp. 189-194 in Zootaxa 5278 (1) on page 192, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5278.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7894788, {"references":["Mesnil, L. P. (1959) Tachinidae d'Afrique orientale (Dipt.) (Recoltes par l'expedition zoologique allemande en Afrique orientale de 1951 / 52. Groupe Lindner - Stuttgart, Nr. 33). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, 23, 1 - 31. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / part / 97027 (accessed 29 January 2023)","O'Hara, J. E. & Cerretti, P. (2016) Annotated catalogue of the Tachinidae (Insecta, Diptera) of the Afrotropical Region, with the description of seven new genera. ZooKeys, 575, 1 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 575.6072","O'Hara, J. E., Henderson, S. J. & Wood, D. M. (2020) Preliminary checklist of the Tachinidae of the world. Version 2.1. PDF document, 1039. Available from: http: // www. nadsdiptera. org / Tach / WorldTachs / Checklist / Worldchecklist. html. (accessed 29 January 2023)"]}

2. Benigramma bellanda Lehrer, 2013: 7. Figs 1, 2. TYPE LOCALITY: Benin, Atlantique, Ouidah [“ Bénin... Quidah [sic!], XII.2003, leg. G. Goergen ”]. TYPE SPECIMEN: Holotype ♁, by original designation, deposited in SMNHTAU. CURRENT STATUS: Thelairosoma bellanda (Lehrer, 2013), comb. nov. FAMILY: Tachinidae. REMARKS: Holotype in fair condition but somewhat greasy (especially the abdomen) and with wings and legs partly damaged. The specimen is direct-pinned, with terminalia dissected and kept in a vial with glycerin on same pin. This is the first record of Thelairosoma from Benin (O’Hara & Cerretti 2016)., Published as part of Cerretti, P., Morgulis, E., Michelsen, V. & Pape, T., 2023, Nominal genera and species of Diptera misidentified as to family by A. Z. Lehrer (Diptera: Muscidae, Tachinidae), pp. 189-194 in Zootaxa 5278 (1) on page 190, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5278.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7894788, {"references":["O'Hara, J. E. & Cerretti, P. (2016) Annotated catalogue of the Tachinidae (Insecta, Diptera) of the Afrotropical Region, with the description of seven new genera. ZooKeys, 575, 1 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 575.6072"]}

10. Paraphalloides epiphallops Lehrer, 2013: 10. Fig. 8. TYPE LOCALITY: Benin, Atlantique, Ouidah [“Bénin... Ouidah, XII. 2003, leg. G. Goergen ”]. TYPE SPECIMEN: Holotype ♁, by original designation, deposited in SMNHTAU. CURRENT STATUS: Pales epiphallops (Lehrer, 2013), comb. nov. FAMILY: Tachinidae. REMARKS: Holotype in fair condition, but somewhat greasy and with wings and legs partly damaged. It is direct-pinned, with terminalia dissected and kept in a vial with glycerin on same pin. The holotype of Paraphalloides epiphallops has two upper reclinate orbital setae, while specimens of Pales usually have only one, but exceptions are widespread in the genus as noted by Cerretti (2005, 2010).

4. Dobrogiella phallogreciana Lehrer & Oprişan, 2013: 45. Figs 3, 4. TYPE LOCALITY: Romania, Tulcea, Greci [“Roumanie... commune Greci (district Tulcea), 18.VIII, 2011, leg. D. Oprişan ”]. TYPE SPECIMEN: Holotype ♁, by original designation, deposited in SMNHTAU. CURRENT STATUS: Pyrellia vivida Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 [teste this work]. FAMILY: Muscidae. REMARKS: Holotype in fair condition, but with left foreleg missing. It is direct-pinned, with terminalia dissected and kept in a vial with glycerin on same pin., Published as part of Cerretti, P., Morgulis, E., Michelsen, V. & Pape, T., 2023, Nominal genera and species of Diptera misidentified as to family by A. Z. Lehrer (Diptera: Muscidae, Tachinidae), pp. 189-194 in Zootaxa 5278 (1) on page 190, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5278.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7894788, {"references":["Lehrer, A. Z. & Oprisan, D. (2013) Un genre palearctique nouveau de la sous-famille Tricycleinae trouve en Roumanie (Diptera, Calliphoridae). Bulletin de la Societe d'entomologique de Mulhouse, 69 (3), 44 - 46.","Robineau-Desvoidy, J. B. (1830) Essai sur les myodaires. Memoires presentes par divers savans a l'Academie Royale des Sciences de l'Institut de France (Sciences Mathematiques et Physiques), 2 (2), 1 - 813. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8552"]}

1. Benigramma Lehrer, 2013: 7. [Described in Sarcophagidae: Miltogramminae.] ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Benigramma bellanda Lehrer, 2013. TYPE SPECIES: Benigramma bellanda Lehrer, 2013, by original designation. CURRENT STATUS: Thelairosoma Villeneuve, 1916, syn. nov. FAMILY: Tachinidae. REMARKS: The goniine genus Thelairosoma is a widespread Afrotropical endemic and was catalogued by O’Hara & Cerretti (2016) with 24 described species., Published as part of Cerretti, P., Morgulis, E., Michelsen, V. & Pape, T., 2023, Nominal genera and species of Diptera misidentified as to family by A. Z. Lehrer (Diptera: Muscidae, Tachinidae), pp. 189-194 in Zootaxa 5278 (1) on page 190, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5278.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7894788, {"references":["Villeneuve, J. (1916) A contribution to the study of the South African higher Myodarii (Diptera Calyptratae) based mostly on the material in the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum, 15, 469 - 515. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 22202","O'Hara, J. E. & Cerretti, P. (2016) Annotated catalogue of the Tachinidae (Insecta, Diptera) of the Afrotropical Region, with the description of seven new genera. ZooKeys, 575, 1 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 575.6072"]}

6. Eweka cordicerci Lehrer, 2012: 4. Fig. 5. TYPE LOCALITY: Benin, Atlantique, Abomey-Calavi [“Bénin... Colavi [sic!], Sweepaetting [sic!], XII.2003... leg. G. Goergen ”]. TYPE SPECIMEN: Holotype ♁, by original designation, deposited in SMNHTAU. CURRENT STATUS: Pales pauciseta (Mesnil, 1950) [teste this work]. FAMILY: Tachinidae. REMARKS: Holotype in fair condition but somewhat greasy and with wings partly damaged. It is direct-pinned, with terminalia dissected and kept in a vial with glycerin on same pin. This is the first record of Pales from Benin (O’Hara & Cerretti 2016)., Published as part of Cerretti, P., Morgulis, E., Michelsen, V. & Pape, T., 2023, Nominal genera and species of Diptera misidentified as to family by A. Z. Lehrer (Diptera: Muscidae, Tachinidae), pp. 189-194 in Zootaxa 5278 (1) on page 192, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5278.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7894788, {"references":["Lehrer, A. Z. (2012) Un nouveau genre afrotropical de Miltogrammatinae (Diptera, Sarcophaidae [sic!]). Fragmenta Dipterologica, 35, 3 - 5.","Mesnil, L. P. (1950) 64 g. Larvaevorinae (Tachininae). In: Lindner, E. (Ed.) Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region, 10, pp. 105 - 160, pls. 6 - 7 (Lfg. 164).","O'Hara, J. E. & Cerretti, P. (2016) Annotated catalogue of the Tachinidae (Insecta, Diptera) of the Afrotropical Region, with the description of seven new genera. ZooKeys, 575, 1 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 575.6072"]}

2. Benigramma bellanda Lehrer, 2013: 7. Figs 1, 2. TYPE LOCALITY: Benin, Atlantique, Ouidah [“ Bénin... Quidah [sic!], XII.2003, leg. G. Goergen ”]. TYPE SPECIMEN: Holotype ♁, by original designation, deposited in SMNHTAU. CURRENT STATUS: Thelairosoma bellanda (Lehrer, 2013), comb. nov. FAMILY: Tachinidae. REMARKS: Holotype in fair condition but somewhat greasy (especially the abdomen) and with wings and legs partly damaged. The specimen is direct-pinned, with terminalia dissected and kept in a vial with glycerin on same pin. This is the first record of Thelairosoma from Benin (O’Hara & Cerretti 2016).

10. Paraphalloides epiphallops Lehrer, 2013: 10. Fig. 8. TYPE LOCALITY: Benin, Atlantique, Ouidah [“Bénin... Ouidah, XII. 2003, leg. G. Goergen ”]. TYPE SPECIMEN: Holotype ♁, by original designation, deposited in SMNHTAU. CURRENT STATUS: Pales epiphallops (Lehrer, 2013), comb. nov. FAMILY: Tachinidae. REMARKS: Holotype in fair condition, but somewhat greasy and with wings and legs partly damaged. It is direct-pinned, with terminalia dissected and kept in a vial with glycerin on same pin. The holotype of Paraphalloides epiphallops has two upper reclinate orbital setae, while specimens of Pales usually have only one, but exceptions are widespread in the genus as noted by Cerretti (2005, 2010)., Published as part of Cerretti, P., Morgulis, E., Michelsen, V. & Pape, T., 2023, Nominal genera and species of Diptera misidentified as to family by A. Z. Lehrer (Diptera: Muscidae, Tachinidae), pp. 189-194 in Zootaxa 5278 (1) on page 193, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5278.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7894788, {"references":["Cerretti, P. (2005) Revision of the West Palaearctic species of the genus Pales Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tachinidae). Zootaxa, 885 (1), 1 - 36. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 885.1.1","Cerretti, P. (2010) I tachinidi della fauna italiana (Diptera Tachinidae) con chiave interattiva dei generi ovest-paleartici. Vols. I & II. Centro Nazionale Biodiversita Forestale, Verona, 573 pp. & 339 pp., CD ROM."]}

3. Dobrogiella Lehrer & Oprişan, 2013: 45. [Described in Calliphoridae: Tricycleinae.] ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Dobrogiella phallogreciana Lehrer & Oprişan, 2013 [= Pyrellia vivida Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, syn. nov.]. TYPE SPECIES: Dobrogiella phallogreciana Lehrer & Oprişan, 2013 [= Pyrellia vivida Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, syn. nov.], by original designation. CURRENT STATUS: Pyrellia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, syn. nov. FAMILY: Muscidae. REMARKS: Classifying Romanian material of the muscid genus Pyrellia within the Oestroidea is surprising, and it may appear even more surprising to establish a new genus for a metallic green muscid within a bengaliine family-group taxon known only from the Afrotropical Region and for which all known species are coloured in yellow and brown (Zumpt 1953)., Published as part of Cerretti, P., Morgulis, E., Michelsen, V. & Pape, T., 2023, Nominal genera and species of Diptera misidentified as to family by A. Z. Lehrer (Diptera: Muscidae, Tachinidae), pp. 189-194 in Zootaxa 5278 (1) on page 190, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5278.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7894788, {"references":["Lehrer, A. Z. & Oprisan, D. (2013) Un genre palearctique nouveau de la sous-famille Tricycleinae trouve en Roumanie (Diptera, Calliphoridae). Bulletin de la Societe d'entomologique de Mulhouse, 69 (3), 44 - 46.","Robineau-Desvoidy, J. B. (1830) Essai sur les myodaires. Memoires presentes par divers savans a l'Academie Royale des Sciences de l'Institut de France (Sciences Mathematiques et Physiques), 2 (2), 1 - 813. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8552","Zumpt, F. (1953) A preliminary contribution to the taxonomy of the genera Hemigymnochaeta and Tricyclea (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 104, 481 - 520. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1953. tb 01245. x"]}

11. Spinuphalla Lehrer, 2013: 11. [Described in Sarcophagidae: Miltogramminae.] ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Spinuphalla juxtina Lehrer, 2013. TYPE SPECIES: Spinuphalla juxtina Lehrer, 2013, by original designation. CURRENT STATUS: Drino Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863, syn. nov. FAMILY: Tachinidae. REMARKS: The eryciine genus Drino is widespread throughout the world and comprises 125 described species, 36 of which are recorded from the Afrotropical Region (O’Hara & Cerretti 2016; O’Hara et al. 2020)., Published as part of Cerretti, P., Morgulis, E., Michelsen, V. & Pape, T., 2023, Nominal genera and species of Diptera misidentified as to family by A. Z. Lehrer (Diptera: Muscidae, Tachinidae), pp. 189-194 in Zootaxa 5278 (1) on page 193, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5278.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7894788, {"references":["Robineau-Desvoidy, J. B. (1863) Histoire naturelle des dipteres des environs de Paris. Tome Premiere. Masson et Fils, Paris, xii + 1143 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8550","O'Hara, J. E. & Cerretti, P. (2016) Annotated catalogue of the Tachinidae (Insecta, Diptera) of the Afrotropical Region, with the description of seven new genera. ZooKeys, 575, 1 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 575.6072","O'Hara, J. E., Henderson, S. J. & Wood, D. M. (2020) Preliminary checklist of the Tachinidae of the world. Version 2.1. PDF document, 1039. Available from: http: // www. nadsdiptera. org / Tach / WorldTachs / Checklist / Worldchecklist. html. (accessed 29 January 2023)"]}

5. Eweka Lehrer, 2012: 3. [Described in Sarcophagidae: Miltogramminae.] ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Eweka cordicerci Lehrer, 2012 [= Ctenophorocera pauciseta Mesnil, 1950, syn. nov.]. TYPE SPECIES: Eweka cordicerci Lehrer, 2012 [= Ctenophorocera pauciseta Mesnil, 1950, syn. nov.], by original designation. CURRENT STATUS: Pales Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, syn. nov. FAMILY: Tachinidae. REMARKS: The goniine genus Pales is widespread in the Old World with 70 described species, 28 of which are known from the Afrotropical Region (O’Hara & Cerretti 2016; O’Hara et al. 2020)., Published as part of Cerretti, P., Morgulis, E., Michelsen, V. & Pape, T., 2023, Nominal genera and species of Diptera misidentified as to family by A. Z. Lehrer (Diptera: Muscidae, Tachinidae), pp. 189-194 in Zootaxa 5278 (1) on page 190, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5278.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7894788, {"references":["Lehrer, A. Z. (2012) Un nouveau genre afrotropical de Miltogrammatinae (Diptera, Sarcophaidae [sic!]). Fragmenta Dipterologica, 35, 3 - 5.","Mesnil, L. P. (1950) 64 g. Larvaevorinae (Tachininae). In: Lindner, E. (Ed.) Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region, 10, pp. 105 - 160, pls. 6 - 7 (Lfg. 164).","Robineau-Desvoidy, J. B. (1830) Essai sur les myodaires. Memoires presentes par divers savans a l'Academie Royale des Sciences de l'Institut de France (Sciences Mathematiques et Physiques), 2 (2), 1 - 813. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8552","O'Hara, J. E. & Cerretti, P. (2016) Annotated catalogue of the Tachinidae (Insecta, Diptera) of the Afrotropical Region, with the description of seven new genera. ZooKeys, 575, 1 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 575.6072","O'Hara, J. E., Henderson, S. J. & Wood, D. M. (2020) Preliminary checklist of the Tachinidae of the world. Version 2.1. PDF document, 1039. Available from: http: // www. nadsdiptera. org / Tach / WorldTachs / Checklist / Worldchecklist. html. (accessed 29 January 2023)"]}

Timia jakowlewi Hendel (Figs. 11, 39, 51, 74, 89) Timia jakowlewi Hendel, 1908: 6 Material examined. TURKMENISTAN: Paratypes: Takhta-Bazar [Tachtabasar], iv.(18) 87 (or) 1894, Reitter (1 ♂, 1 ♀)(TAUI); Non type material: Same data (1 ♀); Sary-Yazy [Sary.Yasy.], iii.(18) 87 (or) 1894, Reitter (1 ♂); Kuhitang mts. 1000���2000m, bank of Kugit-Darya, 14.v. 1992, Korneyev (1 ♂)(TAUI). IRAN: Gilan Prov., 18 Km SE of Zandjan, 11.vi. 1965, J.W. Neal (3 ♂, 3 ♀) (USNM). ISRAEL: Upper Galilee: Nahal 'Iyyon Nature Reserve [Tanur], 26.iv. 1973, D. Furth (1 ♀); Jordan Valley: Park HaYarden, 27.iv. 1984, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Bet Yossef [Bet Yosef], 19.iii. 1974, D. Furth (1 ♂); Adam Bridge [Damia], 30.iii. 1973, D. Furth (1 ♀); Lower Nahal Tirza, Jiftlik [Jiftlik], 11.iv. 1981, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 2 ♀); zomet Adam, - 232 m, 32 ��07.999'N 35 �� 30.361 'E, 8.iv. 2010, A. Freidberg (35 ♂, 37 ♀), E. Morgulis (45 ♂, 30 ♀); Argaman, 5km N, 18.iv. 1996, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Gilgal, 3km SE, 18.iv. 1996, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Judean Desert: Yeriho [Jericho], 30.iii. 1973, D. Furth (1 ♂), 8.iii. 1976 A. Freidberg (1 ♀). Redescription. Head (Fig. 11; as in Fig. 18): Structure: 1.09���1.17 times as high as long in male and 1.18���1.33 times as high as long in female. Frons posteriorly 1.04���1.16 times as wide as long and at lunule level 1.23���1.36 times as wide as long, smooth. Eye 1.18���1.38 times as high as long. Gena 0.25���0.31 times as high as eye, posteriorly slightly slightly corrugated; postgena shagreened. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.25��� 0.33 times as long as eye. Color and vestiture: occiput mainly black, except median occipital sclerite yellow-orange laterally and brownish medially (brownish area continuous with ocellar triangle), slightly white microtrichose. Vertex orange medially, dark brown to black laterally, slightly white microtrichose. Ocellar triangle black. Frons reddish-brown posteriorly, yellow anteriorly, with medial white microtrichose line. Orbit dark brown to black posteriorly, orange to yellow anteriorly, white microtrichose, punctate at setae and setulae bases. Face mostly shiny yellow to orange except antennal groove black. Ventral facial margin area adjacent to antennal groove brown to black. Parafacial and gena brownish-yellow. Postgena black. First flagellomere black, gray microtrichose. Arista mostly brown, often with whitish areas, with microscopic rays. Palpus brownish black, silvery microtrichose. Setae and setulae: all setae and setulae (except on labellum) black. Medial vertical seta 1.0��� 1.2 times as long as lateral vertical seta. Ocellar and postocellar setae each 0.35���0.50 times as long as medial vertical seta. Orbital seta 0.5���0.7 times as long as medial vertical seta. 1 genal seta; gena and postgena setulose. Frons setulose, setulae 0.5���0.6 times as long as orbital seta. Palpus with long black setulae; labellum with mixed black and whitish setulae. Thorax (Fig. 39): Color and vestiture: scutum black, with medial white microtrichose longitudinal stripe (between dorsocentral rows), punctate at setae and setulae bases. Mediotergite and posterior part of anepisternum (posterior to anepisternal phragma) silvery-white microtrichose; remaining parts shiny black. Setae and setulae: all setae and setulae black. 2 supra-alar, 1 acrostichal, 0���3 anepisternal, 1 katepisternal and 2 scutellar setae present. Postpronotal lobe, scutum, scutellum, anepisternum and katepisternum setulose; setulae about 0.4���0.5 times as long as major setae. Legs: Foreleg mostly black, except distal 0.25���0.50 of tibia yellowish-brown; midleg with femur mostly black, except extreme apex yellow, tibia dorsally black, otherwise yellow and tarsus with 1���3 basal tarsomeres yellow, remaining part black; hindleg mostly black, except tibia often with basodorsal 0.20���0.25 and basal 1���3 tarsomeres yellowish. Wing (as in Fig. 32): Hyaline, no pattern present; pterostigma mat yellow Venation: Veins yellow. Crossvein R-M usually aligned with apex of vein R 1. Ratios: Cell r 4 + 5 0.37���0.42; vein Cu 2 1.40���1.42 in male and 1.62���1.93 in female. Calypteres white. Halter base brown, stem and knob yellow. Abdomen: Tergites 3���5 subshiny black, slightly shagreened and setulose. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 51) 1.08���1.10 times as high as wide; cerci triangular, separate; lateral surstylus medially bent and apically pointed. Phallus with long caecum (as in Fig. 63), extending along apical half of phallus and with basal microtrichose bulb. Glans (Fig. 74) elongate and narrow, with apical hook and amorphous sclerotized elongations. Female terminalia: Cercal unit (Fig. 89) triangular, apically pointed, with well pronounced lateral groove; aculeus 11.25���11.66 times as long as wide. Sensilla: BV aligned with BD. Pair of small campaniform sensilla present basal to BV. Spermathecae globulose (as in Fig. 103) with smooth surface. Measurements (mm): Body length 3.8���5.7, wing length 3.2���4.2. Type locality. "Transkaspien" (Turkmenistan). Distribution. Israel, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Iran. Adult activity in Israel: March to April. Diagnosis. This species differs from its congeners in the following combination of characters: shiny yellow face and black antennal groove, microtrichia pattern of scutum and elongate narrow glans, with apical hook and amorphous sclerotized prolongations. Comment. Females of T. jakowlewi which were brought alive to the laboratory were seen depositing eggs in fresh cuts on potato (Solanum tuberosum) and Cistanche tubulosa root. The first instars hatched, but did not survive., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 216-217, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269, {"references":["Hendel, F. (1908) Synopsis der bisher bekannten Timia - arten. (Dipt.). Zeitschrift fur Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie, 1, 1 - 11."]}

Key to genera of Ulidiini 1. Antennal groove shallower than height of first flagellomere...................................... Physiphora Fallén -. Antennal groove as deep as height of first flagellomere or deeper............................................... 2 2. Scutum microtrichose, usually with pattern of shiny and matt areas; if scutum non-microtrichose, gena more than half as high as eye................................................................................. Timia Wiedemann -. Scutum not microtrichose, entirely shiny; gena less than half as high as eye............................. Ulidia Meigen

Ulidia ruficeps Becker (Figs. 26, 60, 83, 97, 108) Ulidia ruficeps Becker, 1913: 640 Material examined. IRAN: Type material: Holotype: Sistan and Belochistan Province [Pers.Beludshistan], von den Quellen des Flusses Ssarbas, 14���15.ii. 1901, Zarudny (1 ♂)(ZISP). ISRAEL: Har Hermon: Har Hermon, 2200 m, 26.vi. 1997, L. Friedman (1 ♀); 2100 m, 17.vi. 1999, H. Ackerman (2 ♂, 1 ♀), A. Freidberg (4 ♂, 1 ♀), O. Manheim (1 ♀); 2000 m, 20.viii. 1967, Nizan (1 ♂), 28.iii. 1971, J. Kugler (3 ♂), 21.vi. 1971 (7 ♂, 2 ♀), 28.vi. 1971 (1 ♂), 18.vii. 1972, M. Kaplan (1 ♂), 22.vi. 1973, A. Freidberg (5 ♂), F. Nachbar (2 ♂), 27.vi. 1973, D. Furth (1 ♀), 8.viii. 1973, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), 13.viii. 1973, A. Freidberg (2 ♂), 9.iii. 1975, M. Kaplan (1 ♂), 8.vi. 1975, A. Freidberg (18 ♂, 2 ♀), M. Kaplan, (2 ♂), J. Kugler (2 ♂), 9.vii. 1975, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), M. Kaplan (2 ♂), J. Kugler (2 ♂), 16.viii. 1976, A. Freidberg (1 ♀), M. Kaplan (1 ♂), 27.vi. 1977, J. Kugler (1 ♂), 21.vi. 1982, A. Freidberg (35 ♂, 16 ♀), 9.vi. 1983 (4 ♂, 1 ♀), 2.vii. 1984 (29 ♂, 6 ♀), F. Kaplan (11 ♂, 3 ♀), 28.v. 1985, I. Susman (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 2.vi. 1985, I. Nussbaum (1 ♀), 24.vii. 1985, A. Freidberg (1 ♀), 27.v. 1986 (3 ♂), 1.vii. 1986 (12 ♂, 12 ♀), 6.vii. 1987 (1 ♂), I. Nussbaum (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 23.v. 1994, A. Freidberg and F Kaplan (1 ♂), 18.vii. 1995, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); 1900 m, 28.iii. 1971, J. Kugler (3 ♂), 27.vi. 1973 D. Furth (1 ♂), 13.vi. 1978 D. Furth (2 ♀), 2.vii. 1980 D. Furth (1 ♂), 9.vii. 1987 A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀); 1773 m, 10.vi. 1983, I. Nussbaum (1 ♂); 1700 m, 9.vi. 1983, A. Freidberg (6 ♂, 2 ♀), 10.vi. 1983, I. Nussbaum (4 ♂, 2 ♀); 1650 m, 22.vi. 1973, A. Freidberg (3 ♂, 1 ♀); 1600 m, 7.vii. 1987, A. Freidberg (1 ♀), 9.vi. 1992 (2 ♀), 23.v. 1998 (3 ♂), 26.vi. 1997 (1 ♂), 15.vi. 2011, A. Freidberg (4 ♂, 2 ♀), E. Morgulis (6 ♂, 7 ♀); 1400���1600 m, 24.v. 1983, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); 1500 m, 29.v. 1984, I. Yarom (1 ♂); 1400 m, 6.vi. 1973, F. Nachbar (1 ♂); 1200 m, 9.vi. 1983, I. Yarom (1 ♀)(TAUI). IRAN: Kordistan Prov., 46km N of Sanandadj, 28.v. 1965, John W. Neal (1 ♂, 1 ♀)(USNM). KYRGYZSTAN: Kyrghyz Alatau, Boom ravin, 1900 m, 26.vi. 1996, Kameneva (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Alai [45 km S of Kyzyl-Kiya, Kichik-Alai rdg, Isfairam-Sai basin], 39 0 48.9 'N 72 ��06.4'E, 2600���3000m, 4.vii. 1999, Korneyev and Kameneva (2 ♂, 1 ♀); Alai [45 km S of Kyzyl-Kiya, Kichik-Alai rdg, Isfairam-Sai basin], 2750 m, 39 �� 48.9 'N 72 ��06.4'E, 14.vii. 1999, Korneyev and Kameneva (1 ♂); Alai [45 km S of Kyzyl-Kiya, Kichik-Alai rdg, Isfaira-Sai basin], 3000m, 39 �� 48.9 'N 72 ��06.4'E, 27.vii. 1999, Korneyev and Kameneva (1 ♂, 3 ♀)(TAUI). Redescription. Head (Fig. 26): Structure: 1.01���1.10 times as high as long. Frons of same width posteriorly and at lunule level, 1.27���1.49 times as wide as long, striate, medially concave. Eye 1.00��� 1.07 times as high as long. Gena 0.35���0.45 times as high as eye, strigose posteriorly. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.39���0.42 times as long as eye. Palpus conspicuously longer than subcranial cavity. Color and vestiture: Head mostly reddishbrown. Frons black posteriorly. Fine microtrichose white line with frontal triangular widening present at orbit along eye. Parafacial brown to black. Postgena, occiput and ocellar triangle black. Occiput black, slightly white microtrichose. First flagellomere black to orange, silvery-gray microtrichose; arista black, with short rays. Setae and setulae: Medial vertical seta as long as lateral vertical seta; ocellar seta 0.85���0.97 times as long as medial vertical seta; postocellar seta 0.55���0.60 times as long as medial vertical seta; orbital seta 0.75���0.81 times as long as medial vertical seta. Frons densely long setulose, setulae as long as orbital seta. Lunule setulose. Vibrissal angle setulose. Gena and postgena long setulose; 3���4 genal and postgenal setae. Palpus with long black setulae. Labellum with long mixed black and white setulae. Thorax: Color and vestiture: Subshiny reddish-black, shagreened. Proepisternum ventrally, katepisternum medially, notopleuron posteriorly, katatergite and often anepisternum medially slightly white microtrichose. Setae and setulae: 1 supra-alar, 1 dorsocentral, 3���5 anepisternal and 1 katepisternal setae present. Postpronotal lobe, scutum, scutellum, anepisternum and katepisternum setulose; setulae 0.33���0.40 times as long as major setae. Legs: Entirely blackish-brown; forecoxa slightly white microtrichose. Hindfemur not widened, as wide as midfemur in both sexes. Wing (as in Fig. 35): Pattern: wing with basal-cubital cell and basal half of cubital cell brown, and with apical brown spot, extending from costa at apices of cells r 1, r 2 + 3 and mid-apex of r 4 + 5; pterostigma mat brown, and part of cell r 1 adjacent to pterostigma often infuscate; otherwise, wing hyaline to slightly infuscate. Venation: Veins mostly brown to black, except basal 0.2 of veins A 1 +Cu 2 and Cu 1 yellow. Crossvein R-M aligned with apex of vein R 1. Ratios: Cell r 4 + 5 0.35���0.39; vein Cu 2 0.90���1.05. Calypteres white. Halter gray-brown. Abdomen: Tergites slightly shagreened and setulose. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 60) as high as wide; cerci triangular, deeply separate; lateral surstylus apically pointed. Phallus with 1 caecum; caecum extending along medial 0.33 of phallus. Glans (Fig. 83) elongate, with small apical hook and large apical elongation. Female terminalia: Aculeus 7.0��� 8.8 times as long as wide at widest point. Cercal unit (Fig. 97) oval, pointed apically. Sensilla: BV apical to BD. Additional pair of lateral, short setulae present apical to BD, ventrally, and additional pair of short medial setulae present, aligned with SAVP. Spermathecae globulose (Fig. 108), with shagreened surface. Measurements (mm): Body length 4���5, wing length 3.7���4.5. Type locality. " Pers. Beludshistan von den Quellen des Flusses Ssarbas" (Sarbaz Province, SE Iran). Distribution. Southwestern Asia. Adult activity in Israel: end of March to beginning of August. Diagnosis. This species differs from its congeners in the following combination of characters: palpus longer than subcranian cavity, frons medially concave and dorsocentral setae absent. Comments. This species exhibits conspicuous variation in several characters and body parts: some specimens lack the apical wing-spot; halter coloration varies from black to yellow; length and density of the setulae on the frons and thorax are inconstant (Kameneva, personal communication). However, these variations were not exhibited in the specimens we studied., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 230-232, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269, {"references":["Becker, T. (1913) Persische Dipteren von den Expeditionen des Herrn N. Zarudny 1898 und 1901. Ezhegodnik Zoologicheskogo Muzeya Rossiyskoy Akademii Nauk, (1912), 17, 503 - 654."]}

Morgulis, E., Freidberg, A. (2014): The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species. Zootaxa 3780 (2): 201-247, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1

Ulidia nigripennis Loew (Figs. 24, 36, 58, 81, 95) Ulidia nigripennis Loew, 1845: 29 Material examined. HUNGARY: Tihany K��ls��-t��, 4.vi. 1958, Mih��lyi (2 ♂); Velence, 16.viii. 1957, Kakassn�� (2 ♀)(HNHM). ISRAEL: Har Hermon: Har Dov, 8.vi. 1983, A. Freidberg (39 ♂, 25 ♀), 8.vi. 1983 I. Yarom (20 ♂, 16 ♀); Har Dov [Dov mt.], 9.vi. 1983, Y. Zvik (4 ♂, 2 ♀); Har Hermon, 1650 m, 17.v. 2000, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); 1600 m, 2.vii. 1986, A. Freidberg (2 ♂, 3 ♀), 7.vii. 1987 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 9.vii. 1987, Y. Zvik (3 ♀), 9.vi. 1992, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), 13.vi. 1996, A. Freidberg (1 ♀), 26.vi. 1997 (1 ♂), 17.vi. 1999, H. Ackerman (1 ♀); 1400���1600 m, 31.v. 2008, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); 1500 m, 29.v. 1984, I. Yarom (1 ♂); 1400 m, 21.vi. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♂), 15.vi. 2011, A. Freidberg (9 ♂, 17 ♀), E. Morgulis (13 ♂, 11 ♀); 1350 m, 22.vi. 1977, D. Gerling (1 ♂); 1100 m, 8.vi. 1983, Y. Zvik (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Majdal Shams, 9.vi. 1992, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), 12.v. 1998 (1 ♂); Majdal Shams [Majdel Chams], 15.v. 1971, J. Kugler (3 ♂, 2 ♀); Nahal Nimrod [N. Nemrod], 10.vi. 1976, D. Simon (2 ♂, 1 ♀); Nahal Nimrod [W. Nemrod], 10.vi. 1976, A. Freidberg (9 ♂, 8 ♀); Golan Heights: Berekhat Ram [Birket Ram], 23.v. 1979, D. Furth (1 ♂, 1 ♀)(TAUI). Description. Head (Fig. 24): Structure: 1.14���1.29 times as high as long. Frons of same width posteriorly and at lunule level, 1.38���1.54 times as wide as long, with shallow pits, slightly shagreened. Eye 1.06���1.12 times as high as long. Gena 0.28���0.36 times as high as eye, strigose. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.16��� 0.21 times as long as eye. Color and vestiture: Head mostly reddish-black. Fine microtrichose white line present at orbit along eye. First flagellomere silvery microtrichose. Arista with short rays. Setae and setulae: Medial vertical seta as long as lateral vertical seta; ocellar seta 0.51���0.58 times as long as medial vertical seta; postocellar seta 0.33���0.35 times as long as medial vertical seta; orbital seta 0.58���0.68 times as long as medial vertical seta. Frons, gena and postgena densely long setulose; vibrissal angle setulose. 1 genal seta. Palpus with long black setulae; labellum with mixed black and white setulae. Thorax: Color and vestiture: Black, densely shagreened. Notopleuron ventrally and katatergite white microtrichose. Setae and setulae: 2 supra-alar, 1 dorsocentral, 1 acrostichal, 3���6 anepisternal and one katepisternal setae present. Postpronotal lobe, scutum, scutellum, anepisternum and katepisternum relatively long setulose; setulae 0.40���0.45 times as long as major setae. Legs: Mostly black except mid and hind tarsi with 2 basal tarsomeres yellow. Hindfemur not widened, as wide as midfemur in both sexes. Wing (Fig. 36): Pattern: wing hyaline basal to crossvein BM-Cu, infuscate apical to crossvein BM-Cu; pterostigma mat brown. Venation: Veins yellow in hyaline part, brown to black in infuscate part. Crossvein R-M aligned with apex of vein R 1. Ratios: Cell r 4 + 5 0.37���0.47; vein Cu 2 1.37���1.46. Calypteres white. Halter base and stem brown, knob orange to yellow. Abdomen: Tergites slightly shagreened and setulose. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 58) 1.13���1.14 times as high as wide; cerci triangular, slightly separate; lateral surstylus apically pointed; medial surstylus with 15���18 prensisetae. Phallus with one caecum extending along apical half of phallus. Glans (Fig. 81) somewhat triangular-shaped, with apical hook and small beak-like structure. Female terminalia: Aculeus at widest point 8.7���9.6 times as long as wide. Cercal unit (Fig. 95) oval, apically rounded, with well pronounced lateral groove. Sensilla: BV apical to BD. Additional pair of lateral, short setulae present apical to BV. AD seta situated somewhat basally, nearly aligned with AV. Spermathecae (as in Fig. 107) globulose with smooth surface. Measurement (mm): Body length 4.7���5.6, wing length 3.3 ���4.0. Type locality. "Schlesien und das Grossherzogthum Posen" (Poland). Distribution. Central and Southern Europe, Israel. Adult activity in Israel: Middle of May to beginning of July. Diagnosis. This species differs from its congeners in the following combination of characters: microtrichose line at orbit and infuscate wing. Comment. According to preliminary molecular work, U. nigripennis may be a complex of species (Smit, personal communication)., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 228-229, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269, {"references":["Loew, H. (1845) Dipterologischer Beitrag (I). Zu der Offentlichen Prufung der Schuler des Koniglichen Friedrich-Wilhelms- Gymnasiums zu Posen, 1845, 1 - 52."]}

Ulidia aurata Morgulis and Freidberg n. sp. (Figs. 22, 34, 56, 79, 93, 105) Material examined. ISRAEL: Type Material: Holotype ♂: Har Hermon: Har Dov, 1400 m, 21.v. 1986, G. Eldar; Paratypes: Same data as holotype, (4 ♂, 2 ♀), A. Freidberg (12 ♂, 12 ♀); Har Dov, Karst, 1380 m, 33 �� 18.6 'N 35 �� 43.2 'E, 25.5. 2010, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Har Dov, 1000 m, 21.v. 1986, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Har Dov, 8.vi. 1983, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀), I. Yarom (2 ♂); Har Hermon [Hermon], 2000 m, 22.vi. 1973, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Har Hermon [Hermon], 1600 m, 6.v. 1975, F. Kaplan (1 ♀); Har Hermon [Hermon], 1400 m, 5.v. 1977, A. Freidberg (8 ♂, 1 ♀); Har Hermon [Hermon], 1100 m, 8.vi. 1983, Y. Zvik (2 ♀); Har Hermon [Hermon], 800 m, 8.vi. 1973, A. Freidberg (1 ♀), 3.v. 1979, D. Furth (1 ♂); Har Hermon, Birket Nakar [Hermon Birket-Nakar], 15.v. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♂, 6 ♀); Majdal Shams [Majdal Chams], 15.v. 1971, J. Kugler (4 ♂, 5 ♀); Majdal Shams [Majdel Chams], 19.vi. 1976, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Nahal Nimrod [W. Nemrod], 10.vi. 1976, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Nimrod, 26.iv. 1978, D. Furth (1 ♀); Golan Heights: Mezudat Nimrod [Qala'at Nemrod], 9.vi. 1976, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), 24.iv. 1982 (1 ♂); Mezudat Nimrod, 810 m, 33 �� 15.1 'N 35 �� 43.1 'E, 19.iv. 2010, E. Morgulis (2 ♂); Mas'ada [Masada], 28.iv. 1974, D. Furth (1 ♀); Horbat Devora [Golan Devora], 23.iv. 1973, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Upper Nahal Zawitan [Golan n. Zavitan nr. Qatzrin], 7.v. 1987, F. Kaplan (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Upper Nahal Zawitan [Golan Up N. Zavitan], 7.v. 1987, I. Yarom (3 ♂), A. Shlagman (1 ♂); Qazrin, 320 m, 32 �� 59.2 'N 35 �� 41.8 'E, 18. iv. 2010, A. Freidberg (2 ♀), 335 m, 22.v. 2011 (1 ♀); Yahudiya [Yahudia], 20.iii. 1984, I. Nussbaum (1 ♀); 'Ani'am [Aniam], 18.v. 1983, A. Freidberg (3 ♂, 11 ♀), 18.v. 1983, I. Yarom (7 ♀); Upper Galilee: 'Iyyon Nature Reserve, 1.5. 2006, L. Friedman (1 ♀); Avivim, 18.iv. 1981, A. Freidberg (2 ♂, 2 ♀); Har Meron [Meiron], 17.v. 1976, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Har Meron [Meron], 20.v. 1972, J. Kugler (1 ♂, 3 ♀); zefat [Zefat], 15.v. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♂); Jordan Valley: Korazim [Curazim], 1.v. 1963, J. Kugler (4 ♀), 2.v. 1963 (2 ♂); Lower Galilee: Arbel, 26.iv. 1969, J. Kugler (4 ♂, 3 ♀); Samaria: Hare Gilboa' [Gilboa], 22.iv. 1977, D. Simon (1 ♀); Hare Gilboa' [Gilbo'a], 1.iv. 1998, A. Freidberg (7 ♂, 6 ♀); Hare Gilboa', Har Ahinoam, 450 m, 32 �� 27.7 'N 35 �� 24.8 'E, 11.iv. 2011, L. Friedman (2 ♂, 2 ♀), E. Morgulis (4 ♂, 2 ♀); Har Barqan [Mt. Barkan], 3.iv. 2004, G. Wizen (1 ♀); Yaqir [Yakir], 4.iv. 1981, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Judean Hills: Bet Zayit, 10.iv. 1978, D. Furth (1 ♀); Yerushalayim, Bet haKerem [Wadi Ruaz Beth Hakerem Jerusalem], 14.iv. 1951, O. Theodor (1 ♂); Yerushalayim [Jerusalem], 26.iv. 1977, Bloya (1 ♀); Yerushalayim, Talpiyyot [Jerusalem Talpiot plot 2], 10.v. 1967, D. Gerling (1 ♂)(TAUI). The holotype is double mounted (minuten in a plastic block); in excellent condition and deposited in TAUI. Paratypes will be deposited at SIZK, USNM and NHM. Description. Head (Fig. 22): Structure: 1.10���1.18 times as high as long. Frons posteriorly 1.10���1.33 times as wide as long and at lunule level 1.35���1.55 times as wide as long, slightly pitted. Eye 1.05���1.12 times as high as long. Gena 0.38���0.47 times as high as eye, slightly shagreened. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.23��� 0.37 times as long as eye, slightly rough. Color and vestiture: Head mostly black. Frons and parafacial sometimes reddish-brown. First flagellomere and scape red-orange, golden to gray microtrichose; arista brown to black, with microscopic rays. Setae and setulae: Medial vertical seta as long as lateral vertical seta; ocellar seta 0.6���0.7 times as long as medial vertical seta; postocellar seta 0.48���0.60 times as long as medial vertical seta; 2 orbital setae of about equal length, as long as ocellar seta. Frons, vibrissal angle and parafacial densely setulose. 1 genal seta; gena and postgena long setulose. Palpus with long black setulae; labellum with long mixed black and white setulae. Thorax: Color and vestiture: Black, densely shagreened. Setae and setulae: 1 supra-alar, 1 dorsocentral, 1 acrostichal, 4���6 anepisternal and 1 katepisternal setae present. Postpronotal lobe, scutum, scutellum, anepisternum and katepisternum setulose; setulae about 0.33 times as long as major setae. Legs: mostly black; foretarsus with basal tarsomere yellow at basal 0.8; midtarsus with basal tarsomere and basal 0.5 of sub-basal tarsomere yellow; hindtarsus with basal tarsomere yellow and 2 nd 1���2 tarsomeres ventrally yellow. Hindfemur not widened in both sexes, as wide as midfemur. Wing (Fig. 34): Pattern: wing with basal-cubital cell and basal half of cubital cell brown, and with apical brown spot, extending from casta at apices of cells r 1, r 2 + 3 and r 4 + 5; otherwise, wing often slightly infuscate. Venation: Veins mostly yellow at basal half, brown to black at apical half; vein R 1 entirely brown. Crossvein R-M aligned apical to apex of vein R 1. Ratios: Cell r 4 + 5 0.35���0.44; vein Cu 2 1.11���1.25. Calypteres white. Halter base and stem brown, knob dark brown to black. Abdomen: Tergites 1���4 slightly shagreened, tergite 5 densely shagreened. Abdomen with long setulae. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 56) as high as wide; cerci triangular, moderately deeply separate; lateral surstylus apically pointed. Phallus with 1 caecum; caecum extending along apical half of phallus. Glans (Fig. 79) elongate with apical beak-like structure. Female terminalia: Aculeus 6.0��� 6.6 times as long as wide at widest point. Cercal unit (Fig. 93) oval, apically oval, with well pronounced lateral groove. Sensilla: BV apical to BD. Spermathecae (Fig. 105) pyriform, papillose. Measurements (mm): Body length 4.1���5.1, wing length 3.4���4.2. Distribution. Israel. Adult activity in Israel: End of March to beginning of June. Etymology. From Latin, auratas, meaning gilded, referring to the golden 1 st flagellomere; a feminine adjective. Diagnosis. This species resembles U. megacephala Loew which, however, has hyaline wing base (yellowish in U. aurata n. sp.) and black foretarsus (yellow in U. aurata). Comments. This species and U. albidipennis Loew are the most widespread species in Israel, and can be found both on Har Hermon and in the Judean Hills., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 226-227, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269

Ulidia albidipennis Loew (Figs. 20, 33, 55, 65, 78, 92, 104) Ulidia albidipennis Loew, 1845: 32. Material examined. HUNGARY: Cs��vharaszt, 19.vi. 1972, Holl�� (2 ♂, 2 ♀)(HNHM). ISRAEL: Har Hermon: Har Dov [Dov mt.], 9.vi. 1983, Y. Zvik (6 ♂, 7 ♀), 8.vi. 1983, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 8.vii. 1987, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), F. Kaplan (1 ♀), 16.vi. 1999, H. Ackerman (2 ♂, 2 ♀); Har Dov, karst, 16.vi. 1999, O. Manheim (2 ♂); Har Hermon, Berekhat Naqar [Birket Nakar], 22.vi. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♂); Har Hermon, 2000 m, 28.vi. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♀), 3.vi. 1985, I. Nussbaum (6 ♂, 4 ♀); 1900 m, 21.vi. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♀); 1800 m, 9.vi. 1976, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 2 ♀); 1700 m, 10.vi. 1983, I. Nussbaum (1 ♂); 1650 m, 9.vi. 1976, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); 1600 m, 22.vi. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♀); 1500 m, 10.vi. 1983, I. Nussbaum (1 ♂, 1 ♀); 1450 m, 4.vi. 1974, D. Furth (3 ♂); 1400 m, 8.vi. 1975, A. Freidberg (10 ♂, 5 ♀), F. Kaplan (2 ♂, 2 ♀), M. Kaplan (1 ♂, 2 ♀), 9.vi. 1975, A. Freidberg (13 ♂, 8 ♀), 9.vi. 1976, D. Simon (3 ♂, 2 ♀), 11.vi. 1976, D. Simon (1 ♀), 31.v. 1978, D. Furth (3 ♂); 1400 m, 9.vi. 1975, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 21.vi. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♂, 2 ♀), 8.vi. 1975, M. Kaplan (1 ♂, 1 ♀); 1300 m, 22.v. 1973, A. Freidberg (5 ♂, 2 ♀), 9.vi. 1976 (1 ♂); 1100 m, 8.vi. 1983, Y. Zvik (1 ♂); 800 m, 5.v. 1979, D. Furth (2 ♂); 18.vi. 1975, M. Motro (1 ♀); Ghajar, 2.v. 1986, I. Nussbaum (3 ♂, 2 ♀); Majdal Shams [Majdel Chams], 11.v. 1968, J. Kugler (1 ♂); Golan Heights: Mezudat Nimrod [Kalat Nimrod], 8.vi. 1975, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), [Qala'at Nemrod], 9.vi. 1976, A. Freidberg (2 ♂), 6.v. 1987, F. Kaplan (1 ♂); West to Quneitra [Qnaitra], 9.v. 1970, J. Kugler (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Quneitra, 8.vi. 1992, A. Freidberg (2 ♂, 1 ♀); Merom Golan, 6.v. 1973, D. Furth (1 ♂); Horbat Nappah [Nafech], 5.v. 1975, F. Kaplan (2 ♀), 5.v. 1975, A. Freidberg (3 ♂), 6.v. 1975 (1 ♂); Horbat Devora [Devorat], 18.iv. 1970, J. Kugler (1 ♀), 14.v. 1974, A. Freidberg (3 ♂, 1 ♀), F. Nachbar (1 ♀); zomet Shiryon, 5 kmW, Rt. 91, 530 m, 33 ��02.9'N 35 �� 42.3 'E, 22.v. 2011, E. Morgulis (6 ♂, 4 ♀); 'Ein Simsim ['Ein Semsem], 30.v. 1981, F. Kaplan (4 ♂, 1 ♀); Qazrin [Qazrin], 24.v. 1983, I. Yarom (1 ♀); Qazrin, 335 m, 32 �� 59.2 'N 35 �� 41.8 'E, 22.v. 2011, A. Freidberg (2 ♂); Upper Nahal Zawitan [up. N. Zavitan], 7.v. 1987, A. Shlagman (1 ♂); Nahal Zawitan [N. Zavitan nr. Qatzrin], 7.v. 1987, F. Kaplan (1 ♂); Ma'ale Gamla, 27.iv. 1988, I. Yarom (1 ♀); Nahal Yehudiyya Nature Reserve [Kasabia], 15.iv. 1982, O. Shimron (1 ♂); 'Ani'am [Aniam], 18.v. 1983, A. Freidberg (2 ♂, 1 ♀); Upper Galilee: Kfar Yuval, 5.v. 1986, I. Nussbaum (1 ♂); Tel Dan, 18.vi. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♂), 15.v. 1981, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Nahal Senir [V. Senir], 7.v. 1986, I. Nussbaum (1 ♀); Sasa, 15.v. 1973, D. Furth (1 ♂); Har Meron [Mt.Meron], 14.v. 1974, A. Freidberg (1 ♀), [Meiron], 20.v. 1972, J. Kugler (4 ♂, 8 ♀), 30.v. 1972 (5 ♂, 6 ♀), 3.v. 1973, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 2 ♀), 14.v. 1974, F. Nachbar (1 ♂), 5.v. 1975, F. Kaplan (1 ♀), 17.v. 1976, A. Freidberg (2 ♂, 2 ♀), [Meron], 11.vi. 1974, F. Nachbar (1 ♀), 5.v. 1975 A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Kefar Shammay [Kefar Shamai], 27.v. 1980, A. Freidberg (3 ♂, 4 ♀); Lower Galilee: Mehghar [Mrar], 14.v. 1974, A. Freidberg (2 ♀); Samaria: Nahal Yoqne'am [N. Yokneam], 30.iv. 1981, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Yaqir [Yakir], 4.iv. 1981, F. Kaplan (1 ♀); Central Coastal Plain: Zikhron Ya'aqov [Zikhron Ya'akov], 30.iv. 1981, F. Kaplan (1 ♂); Tel Aviv, Abu Kabir [Abu Kabir], 5.v. 1960, Bytinski-Salz (1 ♂); Ramla, 21.v. 1959, Werner (1 ♂); Jordan Valley and Southern Golan: Peza'el [Fazael], 28.iv. 1976, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Judean Foothills: Latrun, 20.iii. 1974, D. Furth (1 ♂); Judean Hills: Yerushalayim [Yerusalem], 26.iv. 1963, Margalit (1 ♀); Yerushalayim, Bet haKerem [Wadi Ruaz], 28.iv. 1951, O. Theodor (1 ♀); Ma'ale Adummim [Ma'ale Adomim], 21.iv. 1992, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Southern Coastal Plain: Qiryat Gat, 19.iv. 1977, F. Kaplan (1 ♂), [Kiryat Gat], 19.iv. 1977, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 4 ♀), [Q. Gat], 3.iv. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♀); Bet Guvrin, 23.v. 1976, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Be`eri [Beeri], 22.v. 1953, O. Theodor (1 ♀) (TAUI). Redescription. Head (Fig. 20): Structure: 1.22���1.38 times as high as long. Frons of same width posteriorly and at lunule level, 1.25���1.53 times as wide as long, with pits. Eye 1.14���1.23 times as high as long. Gena 0.17��� 0.32 times as high as eye, smooth. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.14���0.22 times as long as eye. Color and vestiture: Head mostly dark reddish-brown to black. Frons sometimes with median, longitudinal, reddish-orange line. First flagellomere silvery microtrichose. Arista with microscopic rays. Setae and setulae: Medial vertical seta as long as lateral vertical seta; ocellar and postocellar setae each 0.38���0.50 times as long as medial vertical seta; orbital seta 0.59���0.68 times as long as medial vertical seta. Frons densely long setulose, setulae 0.7 ���1.0 times as long as ocellar seta. 1 genal seta; gena and postgena long setulose. Palpus with long black setulae. Labellum with mixed black and white setulae. Thorax: Color and vestiture: Subshiny black, shagreened. Setae and setulae: 2 supra-alar, 1 dorsocentral, 1 acrostichal, 3���4 anepisternal and 1 katepisternal setae present. Scutum, anepisternum, postpronotal lobe and scutellum setulose; setulae about 0.33 times as long as major setae. Legs: Basal 1���3 tarsomeres of midleg and hindleg yellow to orange, remaining parts blackish-brown. Hindfemur slightly widened in both sexes, 1.5���1.7 times as wide as midfemur. Wing (Fig. 33): Hyaline, no pattern present; pterostigma mat yellow. Venation: Veins yellow. Crossvein R-M aligned with apex of vein R 1. Ratios: Cell r 4 + 5 0.27���0.37; vein Cu 2 0.75���1.35. Calypteres white. Halter base brownish, stem white, knob orange to brown. Abdomen: Subshiny black, smooth, with long setulae. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 55) 1.17���1.20 times as high as wide; cerci triangular, slightly separate; lateral surstylus apically pointed; medial surstylus with 15���18 prensisetae. Phallus (Fig. 65) with 1 caecum; caecum extending along apical half of phallus. Glans (Fig. 78) rounded with small apical spines. Female terminalia: Aculeus 7.4���7.9 times as long as wide. Cercal unit (Fig. 92) oval, apically pointed. Sensilla: BV apical to BD. Additional pair of lateral, short setulae present apical to BV. Spermathecae globulose (Fig. 104) and papillose. Measurements (mm): Body length 3.1���4.8, wing length 2.6���3.8. Type locality. " Insel Rhodus und die Gegend von Mermeriza" (Greece). Distribution. Europe except northern part, southwestern Asia, Mediterranean. Adult activity in Israel: End of March to beginning of July. Diagnosis. This species differs from its congeners in the following combination of characters: hyaline wing, slightly widened hindfemur, and the structure of the glans. Comments. U. wadicola Steyskal is similar but the hindfemur of the male is considerably wider than in U. albidipennis. This species and U. erythrophthalma belong to the erythrophthalma species group (Hennig, 1940). They can be distinguished only by the structure of the glans (Kameneva, 2008)., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 223-225, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269, {"references":["Loew, H. (1845) Dipterologischer Beitrag (I). Zu der Offentlichen Prufung der Schuler des Koniglichen Friedrich-Wilhelms- Gymnasiums zu Posen, 1845, 1 - 52.","Hennig, W. (1940) Ulidiidae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region, 5 (133), pp. 1 - 34.","Kameneva, E. P. (2008) New & little known Ulidiidae (Diptera, Tephritoidea) from Europe. Vestnik Zoologii, 42 (5), 427 - 454. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10058 - 008 - 0010 - 6"]}

Timia xanthaspis (Loew) (Figs. 13, 19, 54, 77, 91) Empyelocera xanthaspis Loew, 1868: 175 Material examined. ISRAEL: Jordan Valley: 'En Gev, 7.v. 1997, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Lower Nahal Tirza [Wadi Farra, Jordantal], 200 m, 28.iii. 1959, J. Klapperich (2 ♀); Lower Nahal Tirza, Jiftlik [Jiftlik], 11.iv. 1981, A. Freidberg (18 ♂, 1 ♀); Gilgal, 18.iv. 1996, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Gilgal, 13km SE, 18.iv. 1996, A. Freidberg (4 ♂, 2 ♀); Nahal Yitav spill, 31 �� 55 'N 35 �� 61 'E, 16.iii. 2005, L. Friedman (2 ♂, 2 ♀), I. Zonstein (1 ♂); Allenby Bridge, 8.i. 1931, O. Theodor (1 ♂); Judean Desert: Yeriho [Jericho], 30.iii. 1973, D. Furth (1 ♂), 8.iii. 1976, M. Kaplan (1 ♂); Wadi 'El Malikh [W. El Malich], 8.v. 1983, I. Yarom (1 ♀); Juden Hills: Yerushalayim [Jerusalem], 1.v. 1935 (1 ♀); Dead Sea Area: Qalya [Kalia], 8.iii. 1976, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀), M. Kaplan (1 ♀), 29.iii. 1976, A. Freidberg (10 ♂, 4 ♀); Nahal Qumeran, 24.iii. 1987, A. Freidberg (4 ♂, 2 ♀), F. Kaplan (1 ♂, 3 ♀), 25.iii. 1987 (1 ♀), 9.iv. 1987, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), 22.iii. 1993 (1 ♂, 4 ♀); 'Enot zuqim [Ein-Feshkhha], 15.iii. 1977, M. Kaplan (1 ♀); Foothills of Judea: Qiryat Gat, 19.iv. 1977, F. Kaplan (1 ♂, 7 ♀), [Kiryat Gat], 19.iv. 1977, A. Freidberg (11 ♂, 12 ♀); Northern Negev: Mishmar HaNegev [mishmar hanegev], 200 m, 19.iv. 1961, O. Theodor (1 ♀); Sharsheret, 1.iv. 1978, D. Furth (1 ♀); Urim, 3.iv. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♂); 'Arad, 1.v. 1997, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Central Negev: 'En 'Avedat [Avdat], 19.iv. 1975, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 2 ♀), [Ein Avdat], 29.iii. 1980, W. N. Mathis and A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 5 ♀); 'En Mor [Ein Mur], 11.iv. 1970, J. Kugler (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 31.iii. 1981, A. Freidberg (7 ♂, 8 ♀), 31.iii. 1981, F. Kaplan (3 ♂, 6 ♀); 'En Mor, 30 �� 50.676 'N 34 �� 46.603 'E, 18.iii. 2010, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 11 ♀), E. Morgulis (5 ♂, 5 ♀), 4.iv. 2010, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 2 ♀); 'En Mor, 30 �� 51 N 34 �� 47 'E, 28.iv. 2011, A. Freidberg (7 ♂), E. Morgulis (1 ♂); 'En Mor, Nahal Hawarim, 30 �� 50.676 'N 34 �� 46.603 'E, 4.iv. 2010, A. Freidberg (26 ♂), E. Morgulis (24 ♂); Rosh Horesha, 28.iv. 2011, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); 'Arava Valley: 'En Hazeva, 4.iv. 1998, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Hazeva, 3.iii. 1971, J. Kugler (3 ♂, 2 ♀); Sappir, 22.iii. 2003, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Yotvata [Yotveta], 11.iv. 1972, J. Kugler (1 ♀)(TAUI). Redescription. Head (Figs. 13, 19): Structure: 1.19���1.32 times as high as long. Frons posteriorly 1.06���1.10 times as wide as long and at lunule level 1.35���1.42 times as wide as long, strigose. Eye 1.28���1.36 times as high as long. Gena 0.27���0.29 times as high as eye, strigose. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.33���0.39 times as long as eye. Color and vestiture: occiput mostly black except median occipital sclerites and at eye margin orange, silvery microtrichose. Vertex reddish-brown laterally, orange medially. Frons brown posterolaterally, orange to yellow medially and anteriorly, with median line of white microtrichia, laterally white microtrichose, punctate at setae and setulae bases. Face shiny yellow to orange; antennal groove medially blackish, laterally brown-orange. Pedicel brown; first flagellomere black, silvery microtrichose; arista yellow medially, brown basally and apically, with microscopic rays. Gena and parafacial shiny orange to yellow. Postgena and ocellar triangle black. Palpus yellowish-brown to black, slightly gray microtrichose. Setae and setulae: all setae and setulae (except setulae on labellum) black. Medial vertical seta 1.03���1.11 times as long as lateral vertical seta; ocellar and postocellar setae each 0.27���0.41 times as long as medial vertical seta; orbital seta 0.3���0.4 times as long as medial vertical seta. Frons short setulose. Gena with 1���2 setae and several setulae; postgena setulose. Palpus with long black setulae; labellum with long, mixed black and white setulae. Thorax: Color and vestiture: reddish-brown to black. Scutum mostly white microtrichose except subshiny non-microtrichose spots at setae and setulae bases and non-microtrichose lateral postsutural spot adjacent to suture. Scutellum shiny orange to yellow, sometimes partially or completely black (see comments). Setae and setulae: all setae and setulae black. 2 supra-alar, 2���4 anepisternal, 1 katepisternal and 2 scutellar setae present. Postpronotal lobe, scutum, anepisternum, katepisternum and scutellum setulose, setulae about 0.2 times as long as major setae. Legs: Coxae and trochanters blackish-brown; basal 0.25���0.75 of forefermur and hindfemur black, remaining parts yellow; midfemur often entirely yellow, sometimes with basal 0.2���0.5 black; tibiae mostly yellow, sometimes black at dorsoapical 0.3���0.5; tarsi with 2���3 distal tarsomeres black, 2���3 basal tarsomeres usually yellow, sometimes black. Wing (as in Fig. 32): Hyaline, no pattern present; pterostigma mat yellow. Venation: Veins yellow. Crossvein R-M aligned proximal to apex of vein R 1. Ratios: Cell r 4 + 5 0.30���0.35; vein Cu 2 1.47���1.60. Calypteres white. Halter base orange to brown, stem and knob yellow. Abdomen: Tergites 3���6 shiny black and setulose. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 54) as high as wide; cerci triangular, separate; lateral surstylus apically bent and medially inclined. Phallus without caecum. Glans (Fig. 77) with abundant basal and apical membranous adjunctions. Female terminalia: Aculeus 8.0��� 9.1 times as long as wide. Cercal unit (Fig. 91) triangular, apically pointed, with well pronounced lateral groove. Sensilla: BV apical to BD. Spermathecae globulose, slightly conical (as in Fig. 102) with smooth surface. Measurements (mm): Body length 2.8���5.6, wing length 2.7���4.5. Type locality. "Sarepta, S��drussland" (Volgograd, Russia). Distribution. South Ukraine, South Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Greece, Israel, Iran. Adult activity in Israel: March to May. Diagnosis. This species differs from its congeners in the following combination of characters: a predominantly microtrichose scutum, except at setae and setulae bases, usually a yellow scutellum and a unique glans structure. Comments. This species represents an unusual kind of variation: whereas most specimens have an entirely or predominantly yellow scutellum, often with the anterolateral corners darker, some specimens (2���7 %) have the scutellum predominantly or entirely black (or blackish). In other specimens (5���10 %) the scutellum appears to be highly transluscent, revealing the black color of the body parts beneath it, consequently appearing black or blackish., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 220-221, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269, {"references":["Loew, H. (1868) Empyelocera xanthaspis nov. sp. Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift, 12, 175 - 176. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 18680120112"]}

Tribe Ulidiini Macquart Ulidiini Macquart, 1835: 498; Type genus: Ulidia Meigen, 1826. Redescription. Head: Face concave in lateral view. Antennal groove present, often as deep as first flagellomere. First flagellomere round to oval, rounded at apex. Palpus flattened, oval, not widened apically. Thorax: One postpronotal, 2 notopleural, and usually 2 pairs of scutellar setae present. Wing: Cell r 4 + 5 apically narrowed or closed, sometimes with short petiole. Cell bcu with distinct posteroapical lobe. Veins, including R 1, bare. Abdomen: Tergite 6 of female about 0.1 times as long as other abdominal tergites. Male terminalia: Epandrium oval; lateral surstylus articulated to epandrium, not bearing prensisetae; medial surstylus posteriorly fused with lateral surstylus, sometimes setulose and bearing prensisetae. Hypandrium Ushaped, asymmetrical. Two campanulate parameres clearly visible. Phallus mostly bare. Glans about 0.2 times as long as phallus, bearing several sclerotized hook-like appendages. Female terminalia: Aculeus long and narrow. Three spermathecae present, 2 with common duct. Genera in Israel: Physiphora Fallén, Timia Wiedemann and Ulidia Meigen.

Timia Wiedemann Timia Wiedemann, 1824: 15; Type species Timia erythrocephala Pallas, 1824: 15 (by monotypy). Redescription. Head (Figs. 9 ���13, 15��� 19): Structure: mostly higher than long, sometimes longer than high. Frons deeply pitted, granular, shagreened or smooth. First flagellomere round to slightly oval. Color and vestiture: head ranging from black to yellow, often partially silvery or white microtrichose, rarely non-microtrichose. Antennal groove silvery-white microtrichose. First flagellomere brown to black or orange to yellow, often with golden or silvery microtrichia. Palpus brown to black, sometimes reddish or yellowish, mostly with slight silvery microtrichia. Setae and setulae: vibrissal angle mostly with short black setulae. Palpus and labellum with long setulae; setulae usually black or white, sometimes mixed black and white. Thorax (Figs. 39���41): Color and vestiture: mostly black, reddish-black or reddish-brown, sometimes orange to yellow; notopleuron, postpronotal lobe and anatergite usually silvery-white microtrichose, remaining parts often with white, gray or silvery microtrichia; thorax rarely non-microtrichose. Setae and setulae: all setae and setulae black; 1���2 supra-alar, 1 intra-alar, 1 postalar, 1 dorsocentral, 0���1 acrostichal, 2-3 pairs of scutellar, 0���6 anepisternal and 1���6 katepisternal setae present. Legs (Figs. 42, 43): Mostly unmodified except in T. hirtipes group in which male foreleg with tibia bearing spines and flattened tarsus. Wing (Figs. 30���32): hyaline to infuscate; pattern, if present, consists of apical spot and one or combination of darkened cells (basal costal, costal, subcostal, cubital). Abdomen: Mostly black, reddish-black or reddish-brown, with or without microtrichia (in all Israeli species syntergite 1 + 2 white microtrichose in basal half) and setulose. Male terminalia (Figs. 48 ���54, 63, 64, 71��� 77): Lateral surstylus apically narrowed and medioapically bent; medial surstylus setulose, sometimes spinulose. Phallus with pair of sclerotized taeniae extending from base to middle of phallus, and another pair of similar taeniae beginning at middle, almost reaching apex; apical half of phallus bears one to three long membranous caecum appendices. Female terminalia (Figs. 88���91): Cercal unit oval to triangular, apically rounded to pointed. Distribution. Palearctic and Oriental. Comments. As currently accepted Timia contains 59 species. Based on our examination of about half of the species, it appears that Timia is a paraphyletic group with regard to Ulidia. Some species (T. melanorrhina and allied species) may actually belong to Ulidia, whilst other species (i.e., T. canaliculata group sensu Zaitzev 1982) may belong to a separate (perhaps even new) genus. As for the remaining species of Timia, these may comprise a good monophyletic group (Timia). Loew (1866) erected the genus Empyelocera within Ortalidae (= Ulidiidae). Hennig (1940) designated E. melanorrhina Loew as type species of Empyelocera, but lowered Empyelocera to subgenus of Timia. He distinguished between the two resulting subgenera (Empyelocera and Timia s. str.) by the width of the parafacial, which is narrower than or about as wide as the 1 st flagellomere and narrower than antennal groove in Empyelocera, whereas it is wider than 1 st flagellomere and antennal groove in Timia s. str. Kameneva (2000) and Galinskaya (2011 b) accepted this subgeneric classification, whereas Zaitzev (1982) noted that this distinction between these two subgenera is problematic. Based on the examination of the local species as well as many exotic species of Timia we generally agree with Zaitzev���s opinion that the current subgeneric classification of Timia is rather arbitrary and not natural and should be abandoned. However, we refrain from doing so here since the required examination of all or most Timia species is beyond the scope of this work., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 212-213, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269, {"references":["Wiedemann, C. R. W. (1824) Munus rectoris in Academia Christiana Albertina aditurus analecta entomologica ex Museo Regio Havniensi, Kiliae [= Kiel], 60 pp., 1 pl.","Zaitzev, V. F. (1982) Flies of the family Ulidiidae (Diptera) in the fauna of Mongolia. Insects of Mongolia, 8, 422 - 453.","Hennig, W. (1940) Ulidiidae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region, 5 (133), pp. 1 - 34.","Kameneva, E. P. (2000) Picture-winged flies (Diptera, Ulidiidae) of Palearctics (fauna, morphology & systematics). Ph. D. thesis. I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 332 pp.","Galinskaya, T. V. (2011 b) Review of the yellow-bodied species of the genus Timia (Diptera: Ulidiidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa, 2888, 1 - 22."]}

Key to species of Physiphora in Israel 1. Foretarsus with basal tarsomere white to yellow; frons with 2 lateral microtrichose spots; gena 0.25 times or more as high as eye.................................................................................. P. alceae Preyssler -. Foretarsus with all tarsomeres black; frons with 3 lateral microtrichose spots; gena less than 0.25 times as high as eye........................................................................................... P. smaragdina Loew, Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on page 208, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269

Ulidia wadicola Steyskal (Figs. 27, 44, 45, 61, 84, 98) Ulidia wadicola Steyskal, 1968: 125 Material examined. EGYPT: Type material: Paratype: Wadi Wirak, N. Galala, 4.iv. (19) 37, (2 ♀)(USNM). ISRAEL: Dead Sea Area: Nahal Zin Spill [Fukra-Sedom] South to Sedom, 10.iv. 1967, M.P. Pener (1 ♀); Northern Negev: Nahal Ye'elim, 3km E. 'Arad [N. Ye'elim 2 km. E Arad], 28.iv. 1986, A. Freidberg (2 ♂, 1 ♀), 22.iv. 1987 (3 ♀); 10 km S. 'Arad, Rt. 258, 30.iv. 1987, A. Freidberg (7 ♂, 1 ♀); Central Negev: 'En Yorqe'am, 2.iv. 1983, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Mezad zafir [Mezad Zafir], 2.iv. 1983, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Nahal Boqer [Nahal Boqer], 6.iv. 1992, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Horbat Shivta [Shivta], 18.iii. 1977, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 23.iii. 1977 (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Nahal Lavan, Rt. 10, 17.iv. 1998, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Mash'abbe Sade [Mashabbe Sade], 6.iv. 1992, A. Freidberg (3 ♂, 3 ♀); Mash'abbe Sade, 14.iv. 1992, A. Freidberg (6 ♂, 1 ♀); 'En Mor, 30 �� 50.676 'N 34 �� 46.603 'E, 18.iii. 2010, E. Morgulis (1 ♂); 'En Mor 30 �� 51 'N 34 �� 47 'E, 28.iv. 2011, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀), E. Morgulis (1 ♂, 1 ♀); 'En Mor [Ein Mur], 11.iv. 1970, J. Kugler (2 ♂, 1 ♀), 31.iii. 1981 A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀), F. Kaplan (1 ♂, 4 ♀); 'En Mor ['En mor], 29.iv. 1987, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); 'En Mor, Nahal Hawarim, 30 �� 50.676 'N 34 �� 46.603 'E, 4.iv. 2010, E. Morgulis (2 ♂, 7 ♀); 'En 'Avedat [Avdat], 11.iv. 1975, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 2 ♀), 14.iv. 1975 (1 ♂), 19.iv. 1975 (8 ♂, 9 ♀); 'En 'Avedat [Ein Avdat], 29.iii. 1980, W. N. Mathis and A. Freidberg (1 ♂); 'En 'Avedat ['En 'Avedat], 29.iv. 1987, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Nahal Nizzana [N. Nizzana], 5.iv. 1979, M. Kaplan (1 ♀); 'Ezuz (Be'erotayim), nr. Nizzana, 17.iv. 1998, A. Freidberg (2 ♂); Mizpe Ramon, 5km N., 17.iii. 1995, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Har Hemet, near Makhtesh Ramon, 14.iv. 1992, A. Freidberg (8 ♂, 3 ♀); Makhtesh Ramon, 7.iv. 1992, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Har Horesha [Har horesha], 900���1000 m, 18.iv. 1998, A. Freidberg (6 ♂, 2 ♀); Har Ramon, 6.iv. 1979, J. Kugler (1 ♂); Nahal Loz, Har Ramon, 900 m, 14.iv. 1992, A. Freidberg (9 ♂, 4 ♀); zomet Shizzafon [Shizzafon Junc.], 13.iv. 1992, A. Freidberg (2 ♂); Southern Negev: HaMeshar [Hameshar], 16.iii. 1988, A. Freidberg (1 ♀)(TAUI). Description. Head (Fig. 27): Structure: 1.16���1.32 times as high as long. Frons posteriorly 1.20���1.33 times as wide as long and at lunule level 1.42���1.56 times as wide as long, with pits. Eye 1.03���1.15 times as high as long. Gena 0.33���0.36 times as high as eye, canaliculate. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.28���0.32 times as long as eye. Color and vestiture: Head mostly black. Frons, parafacial and gena often reddish-brown. Fine microtrichose white line present at orbit along eye. First flagellomere silvery microtrichose; arista bare, mostly brown, except sub-basal 0.33 whitish. Setae and setulae: Medial vertical seta as long as lateral vertical seta; ocellar seta 0.52���0.57 times as long as medial vertical seta; postocellar seta 0.40���0.45 times as long as medial vertical seta; orbital seta 0.45���0.57 times as long as medial vertical seta. Frons short setulose. Gena with 1 seta and several setulae. Postgena long setulose. Long black setulae on palpus; labellum with mixed black and white setulae. Thorax: Black, densely shagreened. Setae and setulae: 2 supra-alar, 2 dorsocentral, 1 acrostichal, 4���6 anepisternal, and 4���6 (anterior and posterior) katepisternal setae present. Postpronotal lobe, scutum, scutellum, anepisternum and katepisternum setulose, setulae 0.4���0.5 times as long as major setae. Legs: Foretarsus with 1���3 basal tarsomeres brown to orange; midtarsus and hindtarsus with 1���3 basal tarsomeres orange to yellow; remaining parts black. Hindfemur (Figs. 44,45) widened in males, 2.2���2.4 times as wide as midfemur. Wing (as in Fig. 33): Hyaline, no pattern present; pterostigma mat yellow. Venation: Veins yellow to orange. Crossvein R-M aligned slightly proximal to apex of vein R 1. Ratios: Cell r 4 + 5 0.26���0.34; vein Cu 2 0.57���0.80. Calypteres white. Halter base and stem brownish, knob yellow to orange. Abdomen: Tergites mostly smooth, except tergite 5 densely shagreened. Abdomen with long setulae. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 61) as high as wide; cerci triangular, slightly separate; lateral surstylus apically pointed; medial surstylus with 4���5 prensisetae. Phallus with 1 caecum; caecum extending along apical half of phallus. Glans (Fig. 84) bifurcate, with small apical spines. Female terminalia: Aculeus at widest point 8.0��� 8.2 times as long as wide and 1.5���1.6 times as wide as immediately anterior to cercal unit. Cercal unit (Fig. 98) triangular, apically pointed, with well pronounced lateral groove. Sensilla: BV apical to BD. Spermathecae globulose (as in Fig. 107) with smooth surface. Measurements (mm): Body length 3.4���4.5, wing length 2.9���3.7. Type locality. "Wadi Wirak, northern Galala" (east of El Saff) (Egypt). Distribution. Egypt, Israel. Adult activity in Israel: March to May. Diagnosis. This species differs from its congeners in the sexually dimorphic hindfemur, which is strongly widened in males. Comments. The above mentioned character is not reported in the original description despite the fact that the holotype is a male. However, the whereabouts of the holotype is unknown, and it has not been studied. Therefore the species recorded here might turn out to be different from Steyskal���s U. wadicola., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 232-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269, {"references":["Steyskal, G. (1968) Notes & descriptions of Egyptian Acalyptrate Diptera (Ephydridae, Milichiidae, Otitidae). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte, 1966, 109 - 125."]}

Ulidia sp. nr. apicalis Meigen (Fig. 21) Material examined. ISRAEL: Yerushalayim [Yerusalem], 12.vi. 1940 (1 ♀)(TAUI). Description. Head (Fig. 21): Structure: 1.29 times as high as long. Frons of same width posteriorly and at lunule level, 1.23 times as wide as long, smooth, medially concave, with posterolateral protrusion. Eye 1.5 times as high as long. Gena 0.46 times as high as eye, posteriorly corrugated. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.17 times as long as eye. Color and vestiture: Head mostly reddish-brown. Frons posteriorly black. Orbit with fine white microtrichose line with anterolateral triangular widening. First flagellomere orange, slightly silvery microtrichose. Arista with microscopic rays. Face, postgena, occiput and ocellar triangle reddish-black. Setae and setulae: Postocellar seta 0.85 times as long as ocellar seta; 2 orbital setae, each 0.88���0.91 times as long as ocellar seta. Frons densely long setulose, setulae 0.7���0.8 times as long as ocellar seta. Vibrissal angle and parafacial dorsally with long and thin setulae. Gena and postgena long setulose, longest setulae as long as orbital setae. Palpus with long black setulae; labellum with mixed black and white long setulae. Thorax: Color and vestiture: Black, densely shagreened. Setae and setulae: 2 supra-alar, 1 dorsocentral, 1 acrostichal, 1 anepisternal and 1 katepisternal setae present. Postpronotal lobe, scutum and scutellum densely setulose, setulae 0.4���0.5 times as long as major setae; anepisternum and katepisternum long setulose, setulae 0.7��� 0.8 times as long as major setae. Legs: Mostly blackish-brown except midtarsus and hindtarsus with 1 basal tarsomere yellowish-brown. Wing (too damaged to be illustrated): Pattern: Apical spot on wing covers apex of cell r 1. Venation: Veins yellow basally, brown apically. Crossvein R-M aligned slightly apical to apex of vein R 1. Vein Cu 2 ratio 1.33. Calypteres yellow. Halter base and stem brown, knob yellow. Abdomen: Mostly subshiny black except syntergite 1 + 2 basally inconspicuously white microtrichose; tergites shagreened and setulose. Male terminalia: Unavailable. Female terminalia: not examined. Measurements (mm): Body length 5.24. Diagnosis. This species greatly resembles U. apicalis Meigen, differeng from it in the median depression on orbit (orbit without median depression in U. apicalis), and in the apical spot on the wing, which covers the apex of cell r 1 (covers the apex of cells r 1, r 2 + 3 and partially r 4 + 5 in U. apicalis). Comments. Although this species is clearly different morphologically from all congeners, due to the poor condition of the single available specimen it is not named here. This description is postponed until additional specimens become available., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on page 225, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269

Ulidia wasimi Morgulis and Freidberg n. sp. (Figs. 28, 38, 62, 68, 85, 99, 109) Material examined. ISRAEL: Type Material: Holotype ♀: Har Hemet, near Makhtesh Ramon, 14.iv. 1992, A. Freidberg; Paratypes: same data as holotype (26 ♂, 29 ♀); Southern Coastal Plain: Shoval [shuval], 5.iv. 1964 (1 ♂); Northern Negev: Bor Mashash, 25.iii. 1987, F. Kaplan (1 ♂), Y. Zvik (1 ♂); Mash'abbe Sade, 14.iv. 1992, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Central Negev: Yeroham [Jerucham], 9.iv. 1967, M.P. Pener (1 ♂); Yeroham [Jeruham], 21.iii. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♀); Yeroham [Yeruham], 22.iii. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♂); 'En 'Avedat [Avdat], 11.iv. 1975, A. Freidberg (6 ♂, 5 ♀); Sde Boqer [Sed�� Boq��r], 30.iii. 2004, L. Friedman (4 ♂, 2 ♀); 'En Mor [Ein Mor], 22.iv. 1986, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); 'En Mor, Nahal Hawarim, 30 �� 50.7 'N 34 �� 46.6 'E, 4.iv. 2010, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Har Horesha, 17.iii. 1995, A. Freidberg (1 ♂)(TAUI). The holotype is double mounted (minuten in a plastic block), and deposited in TAUI. Paratypes will be deposited at SIZK, USNM and NHM. Description. Head (Fig. 28): Structure: 1.09���1.26 times as high as long. Frons of same width posteriorly and at lunule level, 1.45���1.54 times as wide as long, smooth or dimpled, sometimes posteriorly concave. Gena 0.37��� 0.57 times as high as eye, slightly strigose posteriorly. Eye 1.07���1.24 times as high as long. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.25���0.33 times as long as eye, smooth. Color and vestiture: Head mostly black. Frons sometimes medially reddish-brown. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level with small white microtrichose triangular spot at eye margin. Occiput medially inconspicuously white microtrichose. First flagellomere reddishbrown, silvery microtrichose. Arista with microscopic rays. Setae and setulae: Medial vertical seta as long as lateral vertical seta; ocellar and postocellar setae each 0.50���0.62 times as long as medial vertical seta; 2 orbital setae of about same length as ocellar seta. Frons and vibrissal angle sparsely setulose. 1���2 genal setae; gena and postgena moderately short setulose. Palpus with long black setulae; labellum with mixed black and white setulae. Thorax: Subshiny black, shagreened. Setae and setulae: 1 supra-alar, 1 dorsocentral, 1 acrostichal, 3���6 anepisternal and 1 katepisternal setae present. Postpronotal lobe, anepisternum and scutum long setulose; setulae 0.5 times as long as major setae.Scutellum bare. Legs: Entirely blackish-brown. Hindfemur not widened, as wide as midfemur in both sexes. Wing (Fig. 38): Pattern: wing with basal-cubital cell and basal half of cubital cell brown, and with apical brown spot, extending from costa at apices of cells r 1, r 2 + 3 and mid-apex of r 4 + 5; pterostigma mat brown; otherwise, wing hyaline. Venation: Veins mostly yellow in basal 0.4, brown in apical 0.6; vein A 1 +Cu 2 yellow. Crossvein R-M aligned with apex of vein R 1. Ratios: Cell r 4 + 5 0.28���0.33; vein Cu 2 0.58���0.66. Calypteres white. Halter dark brown. Abdomen: Tergites setulose and slightly shagreened. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 62) 1.3���1.4 times as high as wide; cerci triangular, deeply separate; lateral surstylus apically pointed. Phallus (Fig. 68) with 1 caecum; caecum extending along apical half of phallus and with basal elongation. Phallus with 3 setulae present on distal 0.33. Glans (Fig. 85) elongate, with apical hook. Female terminalia: Aculeus 6.8 ���7.0 times as long as wide at widest point and 2.4���2.5 times as wide as immediately anterior to cercal unit. Cercal unit (Fig. 99) oval, apically pointed. Sensilla: BV apical to BD. Spermathecae (Fig. 109) globulose with long rays. Measurements (mm): Body length 3.4���3.8, wing length 3.2���3.4. Adult activity in Israel: Middle of March to middle of April. Distribution. Israel. Etymology. The species is named after Mr. Wasim Biroumi, a dear friend of the first author. Diagnosis. This species greatly resembles U. salonikiensis Hennig, but differs from it (and from all other known Ulidia species) in the presence of a few setulae on the phallus. Comments. This species has not been collected since 1995, though collecting trips to the relevant localities were carried out since then. This observation may result from the short and early season of activity (17.iii��� 22.iv) and the lack of sufficient excursions to the distribution area in the last two decades. Unlike in the case of T. fallax n. sp., we do not think that global warming and desertification are important factors affecting the population size of this species., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 233-234, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269

Key to genera of Ulidiini 1. Antennal groove shallower than height of first flagellomere...................................... Physiphora Fall��n -. Antennal groove as deep as height of first flagellomere or deeper............................................... 2 2. Scutum microtrichose, usually with pattern of shiny and matt areas; if scutum non-microtrichose, gena more than half as high as eye................................................................................. Timia Wiedemann -. Scutum not microtrichose, entirely shiny; gena less than half as high as eye............................. Ulidia Meigen, Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on page 207, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269

Physiphora Fall��n Physiphora Fall��n, 1810: 11; Type species Chrysomyza splendida Fall��n, 1817 (= Musca alceae Preyssler, 1791), by subsequent monotypy in Fall��n, 1817: 3. Redescription. Head (Figs. 7, 8, 14): Structure: usually higher than long or as long as high, at most slightly longer than high. Frons smooth or rarely pitted, posteriorly sometimes with 2 pairs of low longitudinal swellings. Antennal groove shallow. Color and vestiture: mostly brown to black, sometimes partially yellow to orange. Frons usually with 1���3 lateral spots of whitish microtrichia, very rarely entirely microtrichose. Face dorsally (at least between antennae) and antennal groove gray microtrichose. Facial ridge and parafacial sometimes with longitudinal stripes of white microtrichia; gena rarely with microtrichose areas. Palpus gray microtrichose. Setae and setulae: vertical setae present. Frontal vitta rarely setulose. Thorax: Color and vestiture: mostly black, with metallic greenish, copper, golden, blue or purple sheen. Scutum and anepisternum densely shagreened. Setae and setulae: 1 intra-alar, 1 postalar and 2 pairs of scutellar setae present. Dorsocentral and acrostichal setae fine, inconspicuous or absent. Postpronotal lobe setulose; proepisternum with one long and few shorter setulae. Anterior part of scutum and anepisternum setulose, remaining parts of scutum usually bare, sometimes with dorsocentral and acrostichal row of fine and short, often yellowish, setulae (in P. leucotricha Kameneva and Korneyev 2010, from UAE, scutum with conspicuous whitish setulae). Wing (Fig. 29): Entirely hyaline with usually yellow, rarely brown veins. Cell bcu with long posteroapical lobe; vein Cu 2 ratio more than 2.5. Abdomen: Tergite 2 in 6 species, including P. al c ea e (Preyssler) and P. smaragdina (Loew), with pair of round, matt, dimple-like spots lacking metallic sheen and having hexagonal cellular structure laterally. Male terminalia (Figs. 46, 47, 69, 70): Phallus thick and usually bare, with single membranous caecum. Female terminalia (Figs. 86, 87): Aculeus about 3 times as long as oviscape and 6.5 ���12.0 times as long as wide, with elongate oval cercal unit. Distribution. Cosmopolitan., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 207-208, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269, {"references":["Fallen, C. F. (1810) Specimen entomologicum novam Diptera disponendi methodum exhibens. Lundae, Berling, 26 pp. + 1 pl.","Fallen, C. F. (1817) Scenopininii et Conopsariae sveciae. Berling, Lundae, 14 pp.","Kameneva, E. P. & Korneyev, V. A. (2010) Order Diptera, family Ulidiidae. Arthropod fauna of the UAE, 3, 616 - 634."]}

Timia libani Gregor (Figs. 40, 52, 75, 90) Timia libani Gregor, 1970: 198. Material examined. LEBANON: Type material: Holotype: Nd. Liban, Cedern b., Becharr��, 1900 m, 24��� 30.vi. 1931 [31], Zerny (1 ♂); Paratypes: Same data (2 ♀)(NHMW). JORDAN: Amman [O. Jordanien, Amman fuhes], 1000 m, 5.v. 1956, Klapperich (3 ♂, 1 ♀) (HNHM). ISRAEL: Har Hermon: Har Dov, Brit Beyn HaBetarim [Har Dov Brith ben Habtarim], 1700 m, 17.vii. 1995, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Har Hermon, 2000 m, 21.vi. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♀), 28.vi. 1971 (1 ♀), 13.viii. 1973, A. Freidberg (2 ♂), 11.viii. 1977 (1 ♀), 28.vi. 1977 (1 ♂), 9.vii. 1975 (1 ♂); 1900 m, 28.vii. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♀), 1.vii. 1986, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); 1750 m, 6.vii. 1987, F. Kaplan (2 ♂, 1 ♀), 9.vii. 1987 (1 ♂), 26.vi. 1997, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); 1700 m, 22.vi. 1973, A. Freidberg (6 ♂, 6 ♀), 27.vi. 1973, D. Furth (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 16.vi. 1977, Z. Feler (2 ♂), A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 3 ♀), 10.vi. 1983, I. Nussbaum (2 ♂), 6.vii. 1987, I. Nussbaum (1 ♀), 7.vii. 1987, F. Kaplan (1 ♂, 1 ♀); 1650 m, 22.vi. 1973, A. Freidberg (12 ♂, 4 ♀), 8.viii. 1973, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 2 ♀), 8.viii. 1973, M. Kaplan (1 ♂, 2 ♀), 9.vi. 1975, A. Freidberg (5 ♂, 9 ♀), 8.vii. 1975, A. Freidberg (6 ♂, 21 ♀), J. Kugler (3 ♂, 2 ♀), 18.viii. 1976, A. Freidberg (2 ♀), 8.vii. 1975, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀); 1600 m, 13.vi. 1973, F. Nachbar (1 ♀), 9.vi. 1975, M. Kaplan (3 ♂), 14.vi. 1978, D. Furth (1 ♂, 2 ♀), 20.vi. 1979 (4 ♂, 4 ♀), 2.vii. 1980 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 25.vii. 1985, I. Yarom (1 ♀), 2.vii. 1986, G. Eldar (2 ♀), 2.vii. 1986, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), 4.vii. 1987, I. Nussbaum (1 ♂), 6.vii. 1987, F. Kaplan (1 ♀), I. Nussbaum (1 ♂), 17.vi. 1999, H. Ackerman (1 ♀), A. Freidberg (1 ♀), 2.viii. 1988, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), 13.vii. 2000, A. Freidberg (3 ♂, 1 ♀), 15.vi. 2011, A. Freidberg (8 ♂, 13 ♀), E. Morgulis (4 ♂, 7 ♀); 1500 m, 14.vi. 1979, D. Furth (3 ♂); 1410 m, 14.vi. 2011, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀), E. Morgulis (1 ♀); 1400 m, 21.vi. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♀), 9.vi. 1975, A. Freidberg (4 ♂, 3 ♀), 11.vi. 1976, D. Simon (1 ♀), 15.vi. 2011, E. Morgulis (2 ♀); 1300 m, 9.vi. 1976, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Golan Heights: Mezudat Nimrod [Qala'at Nemrod], 9.vi. 1976, A. Freidberg (1 ♀)(TAUI). KYRGYZSTAN: The Boom ravin, 42 �� 35.9 'N 75 �� 47.4 'E, 1450���1800 m, 25.vi. 1994, Korneyev and Kameneva (1 ♂, 1 ♀)(TAUI). Redescription. Head (as in Figs.12, 18): Structure: 1.28���1.35 times as high as long. Frons posteriorly 1.18��� 1.46 times as wide as long and at lunule level 1.37���1.53 times as wide as long. Eye 1.26���1.49 times as high as long. Gena 0.15���0.25 times as high as eye, smooth. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.25���0.34 times as long as eye. Color and vestiture: head mostly black. Occiput and ocellar triangle silvery microtrichose. Frons with medial longitudinal orange-yellow line and with medial longitudinal line of white microtrichia; frons laterally, parafacial and gena white microtrichose, punctate at setae and setulae bases. First flagellomere gray microtrichose. Arista mostly brown except base golden, with microscopic rays. Palpus brownish black, silvery microtrichose. Setae and setulae: all setae and setulae (except on labellum) black. Medial vertical seta 1.02���1.20 times as long as lateral vertical seta; ocellar seta 0.34���0.48 times as long as medial vertical seta; postocellar seta 0.31���0.43 times as long as medial vertical seta; 0���2 orbital setae, when present, as long as ocellar seta. Frons setulose, setulae 0.7���0.9 times as long as ocellar seta. Gena with long setulae and 1���2 setae; postgena long setulose. Palpus with long black setulae; labella with long mixed black and yellow setulae. Thorax (Fig. 40): Color and vestiture: black. Scutum white microtrichose between dorsocentral rows, punctate at setae and setulae bases; lateral longitudinal ovoid circuit of white microtrichia often present between postsutural dorsocentral and postalar rows. Setae and setulae: 2 supra-alar, 1 acrostichal, 1���3 anepisternal, 1 katepisternal and 2 scutellar setae present. Postpronotal lobe, scutum, anepisternum and katepisternum with setulae about 0.33 times as long as major setae; scutellum with setulae about 0.5 times as long as major setae. Legs: Foreleg mainly black except apical 0.1 of femur and basal 0.16 of tibia yellow; midfemur and hindfemur basal 0.50���0.66 black, apical 0.33���0.50 yellow; midtibia and hindtibia mostly yellow except sometimes dorsally and anteriorly, rarely posteriorly, black; midtarsus and hindtarsus with 2 basal tarsomeres yellow, third tarsomere infuscate, apical 2 tarsomeres black. Wing (as in Fig. 32): Hyaline, no pattern present; pterostigma mat yellow. Venation: Veins yellow. Crossvein R-M aligned with apex of vein R 1. Ratios: Cell r 4 + 5 0.30���0.37; vein Cu 2 2.0��� 2.2. Calypteres white. Halter base brown, stem yellowish, knob orange. Abdomen: Color and vestiture: tergites 3���6 subshiny brown-black, inconspicuously shagreened. Setae and setulae: syntergite 1 + 2 densely setulose laterally on basal half, setulae 0.3 times as long as major setae on scutum. Syntergite 1 + 2 lateroapically, apex of tergite 4 and entire tergite 5 with setulae 0.7���0.8 times as long as major setae on scutum; tergites 3 and 4 laterally with setulae 0.4���0.5 times as long as major setae on scutum. Remaining parts bare or with shorter, fine setulae. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 52) 1.3���1.4 times as high as wide; cerci triangular, separate; lateral surstylus apically bilobate, anterior lobe apically oval, posterior lobe medially bent and pointed apically. Phallus with small caecum at midpoint. Glans (Fig. 75) elongate, with apical widening. Female terminalia: Aculeus 6.3���7.1 times as long as wide. Cercal unit (Fig. 90) oval, apically rounded, with well pronounced lateral groove. Sensilla: BV apical to BD. AD seta situated somewhat basally, nearly aligned with AV. Spermathecae (as in Fig. 103) globulose with smooth surface. Measurements (mm): Body length 4.18���5.17, wing length 3.5���4.5. Type locality. "Nord Lebanon, Cedern bei Bescharre." Distribution. Lebanon, Israel, Jordan. Adult activity in Israel: June to beginning of August. Diagnosis. This species is similar to T. ritae n. sp., differing from it by the microtrichia pattern on the scutum, the leg coloration and abdomen pubescence; in addition, T. ritae possesses a wide distribution in Israel, whereas T. libani is restricted to Mt. Hermon and the Golan Heights. Comments. This is the only species of Timia which is restricted to Mt. Hermon; the other species inhabit desert or semi-desert habitats in Israel. Although the part of Mt. Hermon in which this species occurs enjoys over 1,000 mm of precipitation (rain and snow), it is extremely dry during the summer months, when T. libani is active., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 218-219, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269, {"references":["Gregor, F. (1970) Drei neue arten der gattung Timia Wiedemann (Diptera, Ulidiidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 67, 198 - 204."]}

Timia fallax Morgulis and Freidberg n. sp. (Figs. 10, 17, 42, 43, 50, 64, 73, 88) Material examined. ISRAEL: Type Material: Holotype ♀: Central Negev: 'Avedat [Avdat], 19.iv. 1975, A. Freidberg; Paratypes: 'Arava Valley: Hazeva, 10.iv. 1972, A. Freidberg (2 ♂, 1 ♀); 'En Yahav, Makhteshim, En Shahak; 2.5 km w. hwy 90 at Km 150, - 60 m, 30 �� 42.85 'N 35 �� 11.12 E, 25.iii. 1995, M. E. Irwin (1 ♀)(TAUI). The holotype is pinned directly and deposited in TAUI. Description. Head (Figs. 10, 17): Structure: 1.27���1.35 times as high as long. Frons posteriorly 1.07���1.13 times as wide as long and at lunule level 1.5���1.6 times as wide as long, slightly strigose. Eye 1.27���1.46 times as high as long. Gena 0.31���0.34 times as high as eye, corrugated. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.30��� 0.36 times as long as eye. Color and vestiture: occiput black, dorsally and laterally silvery microtrichose. Vertex reddish-brown to black laterally, orange-yellow medially. Ocellar triangle black. Frons brown posterolaterally, orange to yellow medially and anteriorly, white microtrichose, punctate at setae and setulae bases. Parafacial orange-brown, white microtrichose, punctate at setae and setulae bases. Face mostly shiny yellow to orange; antennal groove black, slightly gray microtrichose. Pedicel brown; first flagellomere black, silvery microtrichose; arista yellow, with microscopic rays. Gena and postgena brown; gena dorsally white microtrichose, punctate at setae and setulae bases. Palpus black, slightly gray microtrichose. Setae and setulae: all setae and setulae (except setulae on labellum) black. Medial vertical seta 1.09���1.16 times as long as lateral vertical seta; ocellar and postocellar setae each 0.20���0.28 times as long as medial vertical seta. Frons, parafacial and gena short setulose, setulae about 0.5 times as long as ocellar seta. Postgena long setulose. Palpus with long black setulae; labellum with whitish setulae. Thorax: Color and vestiture: black. Scutum mostly silvery microtrichose except subshiny non microtrichose spots at setae and setulae bases. Scutellum shiny reddish-black. Anatergite slightly silvery microtrichose. Remaining parts shiny, non-microtrichose. Setae and setulae: all setae and setulae black. 1 supra-alar, 2���3 anepisternal, 1 acrostichal, 1���2 katepisternal and 2 scutellar setae present. Proepimeron, anepisternum and katepisternum long setulose, setulae 0.8���0.9 times as long as major setae; postpronotal lobe and scutum short setulose, setulae 0.25���0.30 times as long as major setae; scutellum mostly short setulose and with 2���3 setulae 0.6��� 0.7 times as long as major setae. Legs (Figs. 42, 43): In male, foretibia with subapical medioventral thickening, and apicoventral setulose projection with 3���4 dorsolateral thick setae; foretarsus with 2 basal tarsomeres flattened. In both sexes, coxae and trochanters blackish- brown, forecoxa slightly gray microtrichose; femora mostly blackish-brown except yellow at articulation with tibiae; foretibia blackish-brown, mid and hindtibia mostly yellow except apical 0.16���0.25 blackish; foretarsus brown, mid and hind tarsi with 1���2 basal tarsomere yellow and 3���4 distal tarsomeres black. Wing (as in Fig. 32): Hyaline, no pattern present; pterostigma mat yellow. Venation: Veins yellow. Crossvein R-M aligned with apex of vein R 1. Ratios: Cell r 4 + 5 0.31���0.36; vein Cu 2 1.33���1.45. Calypteres white. Halter base orange to brown, stem and knob yellow. Abdomen: Tergites 1���6 shiny black and setulose, tergite 5 slightly shagreened in both sexes. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 50) as high as wide; cerci small, nearly conjoint; lateral surstylus apically bent and medially inclined. Caecum at midpoint of phallus small, microtrichose. Phallus (Fig. 64) with medial, slightly apical to caecum, row of several strong spines; phallus apically slightly sclerotized. Glans (Fig. 73) bilobed, with sclerotized apices. Female terminalia: Cercal unit (Fig. 88) triangular, apically pointed. Sensilla: BV basal to BD. Several short setulae present on cercal unit basal to SABP. Spermathecae globulose (as in Fig. 103) with smooth surface. Measurements (mm): Body length 3.7���7.9, wing length 3.04���5.25. Distribution. Endemic to Israel (Central Negev and ���Arava Valley). Adult activity in Israel: April. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the elusiveness of this species. Elusive is fallax in Latin; it is a noun in apposition. Diagnosis. This species belongs to the T. hirtipes group by bearing an apical tibial spine on the foreleg of the male. It differs from all other species of this group by its black scutellum (which is yellow in all other species). Comment. There are only five specimens known, all collected in a rather restricted area. Recently special attempts have been made to collect additional specimens of this species but without success. Considering climate change and desertification, it is possible that this species might have already become extinct from this area., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 215-216, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269

Timia sp. cf. berlandi Séguy (Figs. 16, 31, 49, 72) Material examined. EGYPT [Israel]: Sinai, Mitle, 13.iv. 1973, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), ex Cistanche tubulosa (TAUI). Description. Head (Fig. 16): Structure: 0.82 times as high as long. Frons posteriorly 0.91 times as wide as long and at lunule level 1.19 times as wide as long, slightly canaliculate. Eye 0.88 times as high as long. Gena 0.37 times as high as eye, slightly canaliculate. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.51 times as long as eye. Clypeus barely noticeable. Color and vestiture: head mostly yellow. Occiput and antennal groove slightly silvery microtrichose. Ocellar triangle black. Fine silvery microtrichose line present ventrally at orbit along eye margin, with triangular widening at antenna insertion level. Arista with microscopic rays. Palpus yellow, slightly gray microtrichose. Proboscis brown. Setae and setulae: medial vertical seta as long as lateral vertical seta; 1 lateral vertical setula present on right side, 0.9 times as long as vertical seta; 1 medial vertical setula present on left side, 0.9 times as long as vertical seta; ocellar seta missing; postocellar seta 0.6 times as long as medial vertical seta. Frons, parafacial and gena short setulose; setulae about 0.5 times as long as medial vertical seta. Gena with several long setulae ventrally. Postgena setulose. Palpus with long black setulae; labellum with long whitish setulae. Thorax: Color and vestiture: yellow, densely shagreened, with irregular brown spots. 1 acrostichal stripe of silvery microtrichia, extending from pronotum to scutellum; 1 presutural transverse stripe of silvery microtrichia, extending from dorsocentral level to postpronotal lobe. Scutellum shiny yellow with irregular short black lines. Anatergite slightly silvery microtrichose. Setae and setulae: 1 supra-alar, 1 anepisternal, 1–2 katepisternal and 2 scutellar setae present. Dorsocentral seta weak, setula like. Proepimeron, anepisternum and katepisternum long setulose; setulae as long as major setae. Postpronotal lobe with 1 setula. Scutellum laterally with 2 setulae, 1 anterior and 1 posterior to basal scutellar seta; setulae 0.9 times as long as major setae on scutellum; otherwise, scutellum bare. Legs: Tarsi with 2 apical tarsomeres slightly flattened. Legs mostly brownish orange except hind tarsi yellow. Wing (Fig. 31): Hyaline, no pattern present; pterostigma mat yellow. Venation: Veins yellow. Crossvein R-M aligned with apex of vein R 1. Ratios: Cell r 4 + 5 0.07; vein Cu 2 0.88.Calypteres yellowish white. Halter brown. Abdomen: Due to the dissection of this specimen, the abdomen color and vestiture were damaged and could not be examined. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 49) 1.13 times as high as wide; cerci medially elongate, otherwise small, nearly conjoint. Lateral surstylus with prominent anterior (medial) lobe, bearing 2 prensisetae medially and few smaller spines posteriorly; posterior (lateral) lobe of lateral surstylus receded, apically pointed and dorsoclinate. Phallus without caecum. Glans (Fig. 72) rectangular, with curved angles. Female terminalia: Unavailable. Measurements (mm): Body length 4.74, wing length 3.48. Distribution. Egypt. Diagnosis. This species differs from its congeners in the following combination of charcters: a mostly yellow body, head longer than high and lateral surstylus bilobate. Comments. The only specimen of this species was reared by the junior author (AF) from Cistanche tubulosa (Orobanchaceae) collected in the Sinai (Egypt) in 1973. Both authors attempted to rear additional specimens from C. tubulosa plants collected in various arid parts of Israel (Dead Sea area, Negev, 'Arava Valley) but without success. We compared photographs of the holotype of T. berlandi to our specimen, but could not examine the holotype itself.

Ulidia omani Steyskal (Figs. 25, 37, 59, 66, 82, 96, 107) Ulidia omani Steyskal, 1970: 227 Material examined. ISRAEL: Type material: Paratype: Be`er Sheva' [Beersheba], 24.iii. 1964 [64], P. Oman (1 ♂, 2 ♀) (USNM); Non-type material: Jordan Valley and Southern Golan: Mehola [Mechola], 26.ii. 1972, J. Kugler (1 ♀); Nahal Tirza [W. Faria], 4.iii. 1985, I. Susman (1 ♂); Judean Desert: Yeriho [Jericho], 20.ii. 1971, J. Kugler (4 ♂); Midbar Hevron [Hebron Desert], 26.iii. 1974, D. Furth (10 ♂, 4 ♀); Northern Negev: Nahal Besor [N. Bsor], 5.iii. 1970, J. Kugler (2 ♂, 2 ♀); 'En Besor [Ein-Bsor], 31.iii. 1975, F. Kaplan (1 ♂); 'Arad, 570 m, 31 �� 15.346 'N 35 �� 11.958 'E, 7.iii. 2010, E. Morgulis (2 ♂, 1 ♀); Nahal Ye'elim [Ye'elim nr. Arad], 8.iv. 1998, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Nahal Sekher [Nahal Sekher], 6.iv. 1992, A. Freidberg (32 ♂, 34 ♀); Mishor Rotem [Mishor Rotem], 9.iii. 1965, M. Weichselfish (1 ♀); Be`er Sheva' [Beer Sheba], 24.iii. 1954, O. Theodor (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Be`er Sheva'-Dimona [Beer Sheva Dimona], 10.iii. 1965, M. Weichselfish (2 ♂, 2 ♀); ze'elim [Zeelim], 12.iii. 1974, D. Furth (2 ♂, 2 ♀); Dimona, 19.iii. 1978, D. Furth (1 ♀), 28.iii. 1978 (1 ♂); 12.iv. 1990, A. Freidberg (6 ♂); Bor Mashash, 25.iii. 1987, A. Freidberg (2 ♂, 2 ♀), F. Kaplan (5 ♂, 1 ♀), 16.iii. 1995, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Bor Mashash [Be`er Meshash], 20.iii. 1977, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Dead Sea Area: Nahal Zohar Spill [Shefech Zohar], 8.iii. 1972, J. Kugler (1 ♀); Central Negev: Mash'abbe Sade, 31.iii. 1975, F. Kaplan (1 ♀), 19.iii. 1978, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), 12.iii. 1981, D. Furth (1 ♀), 31.iii. 1981, F. Kaplan (1 ♂); Ma'agar Yeroham, 30 �� 59 ' 25.8 ''N 34 �� 53 ' 47.2 ''E, 8.iii. 2010, A. Freidberg (6 ♂, 10 ♀), E. Morgulis (22 ♂, 24 ♀); Park Yeroham [Park Yeroham], 7.iv. 1998, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Yeroham [Jeruham], 21.iii. 1971, J. Kugler (2 ♀); Yeroham [Yeroham], 22.iii. 1971, J. Kugler (9 ♂, 7 ♀), 25.iii. 1987, F. Kaplan and A. Freidberg (1 ♀, 1 ♂), 20.iv. 1992, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Horbat Shivta [Shivta], 13.iii. 1977, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Sede Boqer, 28.iii. 1978, D. Furth (1 ♂); 'En Mor, 30 �� 50.676 'N 34 �� 46.603 'E, 18.iii. 2010, A. Freidberg (26 ♂, 6 ♀); 'En Mor [Ein Mur], 16.iii. 1970, J. Kugler (1 ♀), 31.iii. 1981, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀), F. Kaplan (1 ♂); 'En Mor, Nahal Hawarim, 30 �� 50.676 'N 34 �� 46.603 'E, 4.iv. 2010, E. Morgulis (1 ♀); 'En 'Avedat [E. Avdat], 9.iii. 1973, D. Furth (1 ♀); 'En 'Avedat [Ein Avdat], 29.iii. 1980, W. N. Mathis and A. Freidberg (17 ♂, 11 ♀); Mizpe Ramon [Mitzpe], 2.iii. 1979, D. Furth (1 ♂); Mizpe Ramon [Mizpe Ramon], 6.iv. 1992, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Mizpe Ramon, 5km N [Mitzpe Ramon 5km N], 17.iii. 1995, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Mizpe Ramon, observatory [Mizpe Ramon observatory], 17.iii. 1995, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Nahal Loz, Har Ramon [Nahal Loz Har Ramon], 900 m, 14.iv. 1992, A. Freidberg (2 ♂, 1 ♀); Har Hemet, near Makhtesh Ramon, 14.iv. 1992, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 2 ♀); Har Horesha [har horesha], 17.iii. 1995, A. Freidberg (1 ♀)(TAUI). Description. Head (Fig. 25): Structure: 0.86���1.05 times as high as long. Frons of same width posteriorly and at lunule level, 0.94���0.97 times as wide as long, smooth. Eye 0.89���1.01 times as high as long. Gena in male 0.37��� 0.40 times as high as eye, in female 0.47���0.59 times as high as eye; in both sexes gena posteriorly strigose. Frontoorbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.28���0.38 times as long as eye, smooth. Color and vestiture: Head brown to black. First flagellomere brown, silvery microtrichose. Arista with microscopic rays. Setae and setulae: Medial vertical seta as long as lateral vertical seta; ocellar seta 0.42���0.54 times as long as medial vertical seta; postocellar seta missing in 70 % of specimens, weakly developed in 20 % of specimens and well developed (as long as ocellar seta) in 10 % of specimens; orbital seta 0.48���0.70 times as long as medial vertical seta. Frons short setulose. Vibrissal angle bare. Gena and postgena with fine, short setulae; 1 short and thin genal seta. Palpus and labellum with short black setulae. Thorax: Color and vestiture: Subshiny black, densely shagreened. Setae and setulae: 2 supra-alar, 1 dorsocentral, 1���3 anepisternal and one katepisternal setae present; 1 acrostichal setula present. Postpronotal lobe, scutum, scutellum, anepisternum and katepisternum, setulose; setulae 0.20���0.25 times as long as major setae. Legs: Entirely blackish-brown. Hindfemur not widened, as wide as midfemur in both sexes. Wing (Fig. 37): Pattern: wing with basal-cubital cell and basal half of cubital cell brown; hyaline area from level of mid-cubital cell to level of crossvein bcu, infuscate apical to level of crossvein bcu; pterostigma mat brown. Venation: Veins yellowish-brown to black. Crossvein R-M aligned apical to apex of vein R 1. Ratios: Cell r 4 + 5 0.20���0.25; vein Cu 2 0.69���0.83. Calypteres white. Halter base and stem brown, knob yellow. Abdomen: Tergites strongly shagreened and setulose. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 59) 1.51���1.52 times as high as wide; cerci slightly separate, truncate, not triangular; lateral surstylus apically bilobate, posterior lobe medially inclined; medial surstylus with 2 prensisetae and 10���15 setulae in 3 rows. Phallus (Fig. 66) with 1 caecum. Glans (Fig. 82) rounded, with large apical elongations. Female terminalia: Aculeus at widest point 7.8 ���9.0 times as long as wide. Cercal unit (Fig. 96) triangular, apically pointed. Sensilla: BV slightly basal to BD. Spermathecae (Fig. 107) globulose with smooth surface. Measurements (mm): Body length 2.6���3.6, wing length 2.3���2.8. Type locality. Beersheba (=Be`er Sheva'), Israel. Distribution. Israel. Adult activity in Israel: End of February to middle of April. Diagnosis. This species differs from its congeners in the following combination of characters: densely shagreened thorax, absence of dorsocentral setae, and infuscate wing. Comments. This species resembles U. fascialis Hendel, 1931. Two paratypes (♀) of U. fascialis were examined and no external differences between the two species were found. Examination of the male terminalia is required in order to decide whether these are distinct species or U. omani is a junior synonym of U. fascialis Hendel. The original spelling of the species name is " fascialis "; the spelling " facialis " (Hennig 1940; Kameneva 2008) is an unjustified emendation., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 229-230, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269, {"references":["Steyskal, G. C. (1970) Ulidia omani, new species, from Israel. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 72 (2), 227 - 229.","Hennig, W. (1940) Ulidiidae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region, 5 (133), pp. 1 - 34.","Kameneva, E. P. (2008) New & little known Ulidiidae (Diptera, Tephritoidea) from Europe. Vestnik Zoologii, 42 (5), 427 - 454. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10058 - 008 - 0010 - 6"]}

Timia anomala (Becker) (Figs. 9, 15, 30, 48, 63, 71, 102) Empyelocera anomala Becker, 1907: 270 Material examined. CHINA: Type material: Syntypes: North Qaidam, West Gobi Desert, Orogyn River, Har- Us-Nuur Lake [Oz. Iche, r. Orogyn, s. Zaidam, z. Gobi], 1��� 3.vii.(18) 95, Roborowski and Kozlov (1 ♂); East Qaidam, Baingol River, Kurlyk [ Курлык, Баингол вост. Цайдамъ], 28.v. 1895 [95], Roborowski and Kozlov, (3 ♂, 1 ♀), 16���24.v. 1895 [95] (3 ♂, 1 ♀), 21.v. 1895 [95] (4 ♂, 1 ♀)(ZISP). ISRAEL: Central Negev: 'En 'Avedat [Ein Avdat], 29.iii. 1980, W. N. Mathis and A. Freidberg (7 ♂, 5 ♀); 'En Mor [Ein Mur], 16.iii. 1970, A. Freidberg (2 ♂, 1 ♀), 31.iii. 1981 A. Freidberg (20 ♂, 24 ♀), F. Kaplan (20 ♂, 14 ♀); 'En Mor, 30 �� 50.676 'N 34 �� 46.603 'E, 18.iii. 2010, A. Freidberg (16 ♂, 6 ♀), E. Morgulis (17 ♂, 1 ♀), 4.iv. 2010 A. Freidberg (7 ♂, 14 ♀); 'En Mor, Nahal Hawarim, 30 �� 50.676 'N 34 �� 46.603 'E, 4.iv. 2010, A. Freidberg (3 ♂, 3 ♀), E. Morgulis (2 ♂, 4 ♀)(TAUI). Redescription. Head (Fig. 9, 15): Structure: 1.14���1.23 times as high as long. Frons posteriorly as wide as long and at lunule level 1.25���1.29 times as wide as long, smooth, medially slightly concave. Eye 1.0��� 1.2 times as high as long. Gena 0.41���0.47 times as high as eye, strongly corrugated posteriorly. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.21���0.27 times as long as eye. Color and vestiture: occiput mainly black, except median occipital sclerite orange laterally and black medially (black area continuous with ocellar triangle), silvery microtrichose. Vertex orange medially, black laterally, silvery microtrichose. Ocellar triangle black, silvery microtrichose. Frons brown, posteriorly white microtrichose. Face, orbit, parafacial and gena in male shiny brown to black, in female usually shiny yellow to orange, except ca. 10 % of females similar in this regard to males. Postgena black, silvery microtrichose. First flagellomere brown, silvery microtrichose. Arista brown to golden, with microscopic rays. Palpus brownish black, silvery microtrichose. Setae and setulae: all setae and setulae (except on labellum) black. Medial vertical seta 1.0��� 1.1 times as long as lateral vertical seta; ocellar seta 0.43���0.57 times as long as medial vertical seta; postocellar seta 0.30���0.42 times as long as medial vertical seta; 1���2 orbital setae present, each 0.43��� 0.60 times as long as medial vertical seta. Frons setulose, setulae 0.9 times as long as ocellar seta. Gena with several short setulae anteriorly and 2���4 long setae posteroventrally; postgena with long setulae. Palpus with long black setulae; labellum with long, mixed black and white setulae. Thorax: Color and vestiture: black. Scutum, katatergite and scutellum silvery-white microtrichose; remaining parts subshiny, slightly shagreened. Setae and setulae: All setae and setulae black. 1 acrostichal, 4���6 anepisternal, 1 short supra-alar, 1���4 katepisternal and 2 scutellar setae present. Regular row of dorsocentral setulae and slightly irregular row of acrostichal setulae present. Postpronotal lobe, scutum, anepisternum and katepisternum setulose; setulae about 0.33 times as long as major setae. Scutellum bare. Legs: Mostly black, except mid and hind 1���2 basal tarsomeres yellow. Wing (Fig. 30): Brown to black apical spot extending through apices of cells r 2 + 3 and r 4 + 5, remaining part of wing hyaline; pterostigma mat brown to black. Venation: Veins yellow. Crossvein R-M aligned with apex of vein R 1. Ratios: Cell r 4 + 5 0.38���0.44; vein Cu 2 1.19���1.30. Calypteres white. Halter base and stem brown, knob orange to white. Abdomen: Tergites black, tergites 3 and 4 subshiny, tergite 5 shagreened. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 48) as high as wide; cerci triangular, separate; lateral surstylus medially bent and apically pointed, prensiseta absent. Phallus (Fig. 63) with long caecum; caecum extending along apical half of phallus and with basal microsetulose bulb. Glans (Fig. 71) elongate, with sclerotized "body" and membranous apex. Female terminalia: Cercal unit (as in Fig. 91) triangular, apically pointed, with well pronounced lateral groove; aculeus 10.7���20.5 times as long as wide. Sensilla: BV apical to BD. Spermathecae globulose, slightly conical (Fig. 102) with smooth surface. Measurements (mm): Body length 2.7���3.8, wing length 2.4���3.5. Type localities: "Zaidam im nord��stl. Tibet; Kurlyk am Baingol; Itsche-See und Orogyn" (North China). Distribution. North China (Tibet); Israel. Adult activity in Israel: March. Diagnosis. This species differs from its congeners in the following combination of charcters: sexually dimorphic face coloration, wing with blackish pterostigma and apical spot, phallus with long caecum and microsetulose bulb. Comments. This species has a rather peculiar distribution: It is known from China (Type locality) and from a single small area ('En 'Avedat and 'En Mor are only about 2.5 Km apart) in Israel., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 213-214, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269, {"references":["Becker, T. (1907) Zur Kenntnis der Dipteren von Zentral-Asien. I. Cyclorrhapha schizophora holometopa und Orthorrhapha brachycera. St. Petersburg: Akademie der wissenschaften, 12, 253 - 317."]}

Physiphora smaragdina (Loew) (Figs. 8, 47, 70, 87, 101) Ulidia smaragdina Loew, 1852: 659 Ulidia rufifrons Walker, 1871: 345 Material examined. ISRAEL: Central Coastal Plain: Tel Aviv University, on Erythrina corallodendrum, 9.viii. 2011, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Tel Aviv, 23.vi. 2007, W. Kuslitzky (1 ♀); Dead Sea Area: Qalya, 28.ix. 1995, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 9.x. 1995 (1 ♀), 22.xi. 1995 (5 ♂, 2 ♀), 19.ix. 1995 (1 ♂), 1.vi. 1996, I. Yarom and A. Freidberg (3 ♂, 2 ♀); Nahal Qidron [Nahal Qidron], 7.vi. 1996, A. Freidberg (2 ♂, 2 ♀); Nahal Qidron, Rt. 90, ��� 365 m, 31 �� 40.3 'N 35 �� 26.9 'E, 7.iv. 2011, A. Freidberg (5 ♂); Nahal Hever, 31 �� 24.403 'N 35 �� 23.177 'E, 22.v. 2009, A. Freidberg (2 ♂, 1 ♀); Northern Negev: Be`er Sheva', 31 �� 13 'N 34 �� 48 'E, 1.x. 2001, A. Freidberg (2 ♀); Nahal Ye'elim, 13.iv. 2009, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Central Negev: 'En zin, 14.x. 1997, A. Freidberg (2 ♂, 1 ♀); 'En 'Aqrabbim, - 36 m, 31 �� 53.691 'N 35 ��09.889'E, 7.iii. 2010, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); 'Arava Valley: Hazeva Field School, 30 �� 43 'N 35 �� 15 'E, 26.iv. 1998, E. Ashkenazi (1 ♀); zomet 'Iddan, - 145 m, 30 �� 48.9 'N 35 �� 15.4 'E, 7.iv. 2011, A. Freidberg (5 ♂); Nahal Nemiyya, Rt. 90, - 62 m, 30 �� 40.503 'N 35 �� 13.097 'E, 8.iii. 2010, E. Morgulis (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Samar, 29 �� 50 'N 35 ��02'E, 3.vii. 2007, N. Ketner (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 26.iv. 2007 (1 ♀); Sappir pond, 28.ix. 1999, A. Freidberg (1 ♂). Redescription. Head (Fig. 8; as in Fig. 14): Structure: 1.22���1.44 times as high as long. Frons of same width posteriorly and at lunule level, 1.08���1.16 times as wide as long, medially concave and with medial and lateral longitudinal protrusions. Eye 1.03���1.16 times as high as long. Gena 0.29���0.32 times as high as eye, slightly corrugated. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.11���0.15 times as long as eye. First flagellomere 1.52��� 1.93 times as long as high. Color and vestiture: head mostly dark brown. Occiput mostly black, except median occipital sclerite orange-yellow. Vertex orange-brown medially, black laterally. Ocellar triangle black. Frons often with medial orange line (barely noticeable). Orbit black posteriorly, brown anteriorly, with 3 triangular white microtrichose spots: 1 at mid-frons and 2 at antenna insertion level; fine microtrichose white line present ventrally and posteriorly along the eye. Facial carina with longitudinal-mediodorsal and transverse lines of white microtrichia; facial ridge white microtrichose. First flagellomere orange, apically infuscate, gray-white microtrichose; arista orange to brown, bare. Palpus black, gray-white microtrichose. Setae and setulae: all setae black. Medial vertical seta 1.36���1.54 times as long as lateral vertical seta; ocellar seta and postocellar seta each 0.3���0.4 times as long as medial vertical seta; posterior orbital seta 1.1���1.2 times as long as anterior orbital seta and 0.28���0.32 times as long as medial vertical seta. Vibrissal angle and frons with short, fine, yellow setulae. 1 genal seta; postgena with several long, black setulae. Palpus with long black setulae; labellum with mixed black and white setulae. Thorax: Color and vestiture: subshiny metallic golden-gray to green sometimes with violet shade, densely shagreened; anatergite, mediotergite, katatergite and postalar wall slightly silvery-white microtrichose. Setae and setulae: all major setae black. 1���2 anepisternal setae and rarely 1 dorsocentral seta (0.4 times as long as postalar and intra-alar setae) present. Postpronotal lobe with short, black setulae; setulae 0.20���0.25 times as long as postalar seta; proepisternum, anepisternum and katepisternum with longer, black setulae (0.3���0.4 times as long as postalar seta); 1 dorsocentral and 2 medial (between acrostichal) mostly regular, sometimes posteriorly irregular, lines of short (0.05 times as long as postalar seta), yellowish setulae; few short, yellowish setulae present on scutellum. Legs: Foreleg entirely dark brown to black; mid and hind femora and tibiae brown to black, mid and hind tarsi entirely yellow or with 1���4 basal tarsomeres yellow. Wing (as in Fig. 29): Venation: veins yellow to orange. Crossvein R-M aligned basal to apex of vein R 1. Ratios: cell r 4 + 5 0.04���0.07; vein Cu 2 3.0��� 4.3. Calypteres white. Halter base and stem brown, knob white to yellow. Abdomen: Shiny reddish-brown to black. Tergites shagreened. Tergite 1 laterally and tergites 5 and 6 posteriorly setulose; tergites 5 and 6 microsetulose; remaining parts bare. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 47) 1.33���1.45 times as high as wide; cerci triangular, separate; lateral surstylus short, apically pointed and medially inclined, slightly setulose. Phallus flat and slim at basal 0.33, gradually thickened and widened at apical 0.66; phallus with lateral pair of sclerotized teniae, widened at apical 0.66 of phallus length. Phallus with 1 caecum at apical 0.33. Glans (Fig. 70) elongate, with long basal posteroclinate spine. Female terminalia: Aculeus 9���10 times as long as wide. Cercal unit (Fig. 87) oval, slightly rhombic, apically rounded to slightly pointed. Sensilla: BV present apical to BD. Pair of short lateral setulae present slightly distal to BV. Spermathecae globulose (Fig. 101) with smooth surface. Measurements (mm): Body length 3.2���5.5, wing length 2.9���4.5. Type locality. Mozambique. Distribution. Israel, most of Africa except South Africa. Adult activity in Israel: April to November. Diagnosis. This species differs from its congeners in the following combination of characters: three lateral microtrichose spots on the frons, foretarsus with all tarsomeres black and elongate glans, with long basal posteroclinate spine. Comment. This species was first collected in Israel in 1995, in Qalya (Dead Sea Area), and since then it is encountered almost on a yearly basis. As intensive collecting in Israel, including in this area has been carried out since at least the 1960 s, it is likely that the species arrived in Israel (perhaps from North Africa) not long before its first record there., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 211-212, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269, {"references":["Loew, H. (1852) Diagnose der in Mosambique neu entdeckten Dipteren. Konigliche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 658 - 661.","Walker, F. (1871) List of Diptera collected in Egypt & Arabia by J. K. Lord Esq., with descriptions of the species new to science. Entomologist, 5, 256 - 263, 271 - 275, 339 - 346."]}

Key to species of Physiphora in Israel 1. Foretarsus with basal tarsomere white to yellow; frons with 2 lateral microtrichose spots; gena 0.25 times or more as high as eye.................................................................................. P. alceae Preyssler -. Foretarsus with all tarsomeres black; frons with 3 lateral microtrichose spots; gena less than 0.25 times as high as eye........................................................................................... P. smaragdina Loew

Ulidia hirsuta Morgulis and Freidberg n. sp. (Figs. 23, 35, 57, 80, 94, 106) Material examined. ISRAEL: Type Material: Holotype ♂: Har Hermon: Har Hermon, 1600 m, 15.vi. 2011, E. Morgulis; Paratypes: same data as holotype: A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀), E. Morgulis (13 ♂, 17 ♀); Har Hermon [Mt. Hermon], 2100 m, 17.vi. 1999, H. Ackerman (3 ♂, 1 ♀); Har Hermon [Mt. Hermon], 2000 m, 22.vi. 1973, A. Freidberg (11 ♂, 1 ♀), 8.vi. 1975 (14 ♂, 2 ♀), F. Kaplan (5 ♂, 2 ♀), 1.vii. 1976, A. Freidberg (25 ♂, 5 ♀), 5.v. 1977 (1 ♂), 21.vi. 1982 (16 ♂, 11 ♀), 9.vi. 1983 (1 ♀), 28.v. 1985, I. Susman (1 ♂), 27.v. 1986, A. Freidberg (8 ♂, 3 ♀), A. Shlagman (10 ♂, 4 ♀), 6.vii. 1987, A. Freidberg (1 ♀), F. Kaplan (3 ♂, 1 ♀), 18.vii. 1995, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Har Hermon [Mt. Hermon], 1900 m, 27.vi. 1973, D. Furth (1 ♂, 2 ♀); Har Hermon, 1800, 11.vi. 2003, L. Friedman (1 ♂); Har Hermon [Mt. Hermon], 1700 m, 10.vi. 1983, I. Nussbaum (1 ♂, 2 ♀); Har Hermon [Hermon], 1650 m, 17.v. 2000, A. Freidberg (8 ♂, 8 ♀); Har Hermon [Mt. Hermon], 1600 m, 14.v. 1981, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), 20.v. 1986, A. Freidberg (3 ♂), 12.vi. 2003, A. Freidberg (2 ♂), 18.v. 2009, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Har Hermon, 1600, 33�� 18.1 'N 35 �� 46.2 'E, 24.v. 2010, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Har Hermon, 1600 -1500, 33�� 18 'N 35 �� 46 'E, 6.vi. 2002, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Har Hermon, 1500, 21.v. 2002, L. Friedman (1 ♀)(TAUI). The holotype is double mounted (minuten in a plastic block), and deposited in TAUI. Paratypes will be deposited at SIZK, USNM and NHM. Description. Head (Fig. 23): Structure: 1.02���1.14 times as high as long. Frons of same width posteriorly and at lunule level, 1.16���1.27 times as wide as long, rugulose. Eye 0.90���1.03 times as high as long. Gena 0.42���0.51 times as high as eye, posteriorly strigose. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.29���0.34 times as long as eye. Color and vestiture: Head mostly black. Frons black to dark brown, sometimes with faded reddish-brown to orange median line. Orbit with fine microtrichose white line with anterolateral triangular widening. First flagellomere silvery microtrichose. Arista with microscopic rays. Setae and setulae: Medial vertical seta as long as lateral vertical seta; ocellar seta 0.78���0.95 times as long as medial vertical seta; postocellar seta 0.58���0.72 times as long as medial vertical seta; 2 orbital setae, each 0.88���0.91 times as long as medial vertical seta. Frons densely long setulose, setulae as long as ocellar seta. Vibrissal angle and parafacial with long and thin setulae. Gena and postgena long setulose, longest setulae as long as orbital setae. Palpus with long black setulae; labellum with mixed black and white long setulae. Thorax: Color and vestiture: Subshiny black, densely shagreened. Setae and setulae: 1���2 supra-alar, 1���2 dorsocentral, 1 acrostichal, 2���3 anepisternal and 1 katepisternal setae present. Regular row of dorsocentral setulae present. Postpronotal lobe, scutum, scutellum, anepisternum and katepisternum long setulose; setulae 0.5���0.7 times as long as major setae. Legs: Mostly black, except tarsi with 1���2 basal tarsomeres yellow. Hindfemur not widened, as wide as midfemur in both sexes. Wing (Fig. 35): Pattern: basal-cubital cell and basal half of cubital cell brown, and apical brown spot, extending from costa at apices of cells r 1, r 2 + 3 and slightly at r 4 + 5; otherwise, wing hyaline. Venation: Veins orangebrown. Crossvein R-M aligned slightly proximal to apex of vein R 1. Ratios: Cell r 4 + 5 0.34���0.51; vein Cu 2 0.60���0.66. Calypteres yellowish. Halter base brown, stem whitish, knob orange. Abdomen: Tergites black, shagreened and setulose. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 57) 1.13���1.20 times as high as wide; cerci triangular, deeply separate; lateral surstylus apically pointed. Phallus with 1 caecum; caecum extending along apical half of phallus. Glans (Fig. 80) elongate, with apical widening. Female terminalia: Aculeus 5.3���7.1 times as long as wide at widest point. Cercal unit (Fig. 94) oval, apically almost rounded, slightly pointed, with well pronounced lateral groove. Sensilla: BV apical to BD. Additional pair of lateral, short setulae present apical to BD ventrally, additional pair of short medial setulae present basal to BD ventrally and apical to BV. Spermathecae (Fig. 106) pyriform, papillose. Measurements (mm): Body length 3.2���4.6, wing length 2.8���3.7. Distribution. Israel. Adult activity in Israel: May to July. Etymology. From Latin, hirsutus, meaning hairy, referring to the coverage of this species with long and dense setae and setulae; a feminine adjective. Diagnosis. This species differs from its congeners in the following combination of characters: long and dense setae and setulae, wing with apical spot, whitish-orange halter and the pyriform and papillose spermatheca. Comments. This species shares two character states with U. ruficeps Becker (which is also found in Israel solely on Har Hermon): apical spot on the wing and coverage of long and dense setae and setulae. However, we do not consider the two to be particularly close species due to considerable differences in other characters., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 227-228, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269

Physiphora alceae (Preyssler) (Figs. 7, 14, 29, 46, 69, 86, 100) Musca alceae Preyssler, 1791: 129 Musca demandata Fabricius, 1798: 564 Material examined. ISRAEL: Har Hermon: Har Hermon, 2000 m, 29.viii. 1981, A. Freidberg (2 ♂), 3.ix. 1981 (1 ♂); 1500 m, 8.viii. 1974, M. Kaplan (1 ♂); Majdal Shams [Majdel Chams], 14.x. 1982, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), F. Kaplan (3 ♂); Golan Heights: Panyas [Baniass], 9.ix. 1981, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Tel Dan [Tel el Kadi], 26.xii. 1963, Margalit (1 ♂), 7.viii. 1974, F. Nachbar (1 ♀); Kefar Blum [Kfar Blum], 1.v. 1961, (1 ♂); Senir [Snir], 9.vii. 1987, Y. Zvik (1 ♀); Nahal Qazrin, 32 �� 59 'N 35 �� 42 'E, 7.v. 2007, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Susita, 11.vi. 1976, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Upper Galilee: Mahanayim [Mahanaym], 26.vi. 1974, F. Nachbar (1 ♂), [Mahanaim] 6.x. 1974, F. Kaplan (1 ♂); Yir`on [Yiron], 25.viii. 1963, Margalit (1 ♂); Pa'ar Cave, near Sasa, 25.x. 1994, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Monfort, 10.iii. 1981, F. Kaplan (1 ♂); Sa'ar, 8.vii. 1986, I. Susman (3 ♂, 2 ♀); Kefar Hoshen [Sisofa], 10.ix. 1973, D. Furth (1 ♂); Har Meron [Meron], 11.vi. 1974, F. Nachbar (1 ♂), [Mt. Meiron], 28.v. 1981, F. Kaplan (1 ♂, 1 ♀), [Mt. Merom], 26.vii. 1968, D. Gerling (1 ♀), [Mt. Meron], 24.vii. 1968, D. Gerling (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Har Meron, 1100 m, 32 �� 59.8 'N 35 �� 25 'E, 22.xi. 2006, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Nahal 'Ammud [Nahal Amud], 10.vi. 1987, F. Kaplan (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Lower Galilee: zomet ha'Amaqim (Jalame), 26.v. 1993, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Migdal ha'Emeq, 13.i. 1982, (1 ♂); Qiryat Tiv'on [Tivon], 13.iv. 1962, O. Theodor (1 ♀), 1.xii. 1972, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), 2.iv. 1975, M. Kaplan (2 ♂), [Tiv'on], 7.iii. 1981, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Qiryat Tiv'on, Ramat Hadassa [Ramat Hadasa], 19.iv. 1956, J. Kugler (1 ♂); Northern Coastal Plain: 'Akko, 30.x. 1971, J. Kugler (2 ♂), 17.x. 1972, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), 16.v. 1980, W. N. Mathis (1 ♂); Jordan Valley and Southern Golan: Park haYarden [P. hyarden], 25.vii. 1983, I. Nussbaum (1 ♂); Kare Deshe [Karei-deshe], 8.viii. 1967, A. Geisler (1 ♀); Teverya [Tiberias], 25.iv. 1978, D. Furth (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Nahal Tavor [vadi biza], 15.iii. 1962, (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Bet Yossef [Bet Yosef], 19.iii. 1974, D. Furth (1 ♀); Sede Eliyyahu, 17.vii. 1986, I. Susman (1 ♂); Ma'ale Efrayim [Ma'le Efraim], 17.vii. 1983, I. Nussbaum (2 ♂); Nahal Gilgal, 11.xi. 1972, M. Kaplan (1 ♂); Qasr el Yahud bank of Yarden, 17.iii. 2004, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Carmel Ridge: Haifa, Newe Sha'anan, 24.vi. 1992, I. Nussbaum (1 ♀); Karmel [Carmel], 27.xi. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♂); Valley of Yizre'el: Yizre'el, 7.vii. 1973, M. Kaplan (1 ♀); 'En Harod, 28.iii. 1935, J. Aharoni (1 ♂); Samaria: Hare Gilboa' [Gilboa], 17.iii. 1978, J. Kugler (1 ♂); Nahal Qana reserve, 120m, 6.5 km, 32 ��08'N 35 ��02'E, 9.vii. 2007, A. Freidberg (1 ♀), L. Friedman (1 ♀); Nahal Qana reserve, 290m, 5 km, 32 ��08'N 35 ��02'E, 9.vii. 2007, A. Freidberg (1 ♀), L. Friedman (3 ♂); Central Coastal Plain: Dor, 25.vi. 1986, I. Susman (1 ♀), 11.vi. 1986 (2 ♂, 2 ♀); Ma'agan Mikha`el [Ma'agan Michael], 6.xii. 1972, M. Kaplan (4 ♂), 4.iii. 1975, (1 ♂); Sedot Yam [Sdot Yam (nr. Caesarea)], 30 m, 32 �� 28.99 "N 34 �� 53.91 'E, 14.iv. 1995, M. E. Irwin (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Pardes Hanna [Pardes Hanna], 1935, S. Duvdevani (1 ♀); Hadera, 17.vi. 1973, D. Furth (1 ♂); Berekhat Ya'ar, 26.ix. 2004, I. Zonstein (1 ♂); Nahal Alexander [Nahal Alexander], 6.vii. 1996, R. Hoffman (1 ♂); Binyamina [Bin Yamina], 9.vii. 1958, L. Fishelsohn (1 ♂); Mele`a, 31.vii. 1984, I. Susman (1 ♂); Nahal 'Iron [W. Ara], 2.v. 1979, D. Furth (1 ♂); Giv'at Hayyim, 11.v. 1986, I. Susman (4 ♂, 2 ♀); Ma'abarot, 14.v. 1985, I. Susman (1 ♀); Nof Yam, 5.x. 1964, (1 ♀); Herzliyya [Herzliah], 19.xi. 1931, E. Rivnay (1 ♂), [Herzliyya], 6.vi. 1981, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), 9.vi. 1981 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 19.vii. 1981 (1 ♂), 22.vii. 1981 (1 ♂), 24.vii. 1981 (1 ♂), 8.xi. 1981 (1 ♀), 4.xii. 2005 (1 ♂); Tel Aviv, zahala [Zahala], 18.vii. 1989, Y. Zvik (1 ♂); Tel Aviv University, 29.ix. 2007, W. Kuslitzky (1 ♀); Tel Aviv, 1.v. 2007, W. Kuslitzky (1 ♀), 15.xi. 1962, J. Kugler (1 ♂), 27.iv. 1972 (1 ♂), 30.iii. 1972 (1 ♂); Tel Aviv, Abu Kabir [Abu -kabir bot. garden], 5.v. 1960, Ch. Bytinski-Salz (1 ♂, 1 ♀), [Abu Kabir], 5.v. 1960, Ch. Bytinski-Salz (1 ♀), [Abu-Kabir], 3.ix. 1972, M. Kaplan (1 ♂), 12.v. 1972, J. Kugler (1 ♀), 5.vi. 1974 F. Nachbar (1 ♂); Tel Aviv, south [S. Tel-Aviv], 8.vii. 1953, L. Fishelsohn (1 ♂, 6 ♀); Ramat Gan, 13.v. 1945, Ch. Bytinski-Salz (3 ♂, 3 ♀); Ramat Gan, Tel haShomer [Tel-Hashomer], 18.x. 1982, I. Nussbaum (1 ♀); Tel Aviv, Shifdan, 10.vii. 1994, I. Herold (1 ♂); Southern Coastal plain: Miqwe Yisra'el [Mikve-Israel], 29.v. 1954, J. Krystal (1 ♂); Holon, 15.ii. 1972, M. Kaplan (1 ♂), 15.iv. 1994, A. Freidberg and F. Kaplan (1 ♂); Holon Sands, 19.xi. 1968, A. Gasith (1 ♂); Bat Yam [Bat-Yam, coast plain], 16.iv. 1952, O. Theodor (1 ♂); Giv'at Koah [Giv'at Koah], 1.vii. 1987, Y. Zvik (2 ♂); Bet Dagan, 4.vii. 1985, I. Susman (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 29.viii. 1985 (1 ♂), 21.viii. 1986 (1 ♂); Bet Nehemya [Beit Nehemia], 5.iv. 1984, I. Nussbaum (1 ♀); Yavne, 15.v. 1995, I. Nussbaum (1 ♂); Yavne costal dunes 4 km. near Ashdod, 31 �� 51.06 'N 34 �� 39.98 'E, 28.iv. 1995, M. E. Irwin (1 ♀); Ramla [Ramle], 9.iv. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♂); Rehovot [Rehovot bei Jaffa], 3.x. 1933, J. Aharoni (1 ♀), 11.x. 1933 (1 ♂), 12.x. 1933 (2 ♂), 23.iv. 1935 (1 ♂); Kefar Shemu'el [Kfar Shmoel], 2.x. 1969, Z. Feller (1 ♂), [Kffar -Shmuel], 23.vii. 1968, Y. Samocha (1 ♀); zomet Re`em [Masmia], 10.vi. 1987, I. Susman (2 ♂), 16.viii. 1987 (1 ♂), [Re'em jun.], 8.ix. 1987, I. Susman (2 ♂); Qiryat Gat [Q. Gat], 3.iv. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♀); Pelugot [Plugot], 31.iii. 1971, J. Kugler (3 ♂, 2 ♀), 27.i. 1973, M. Kaplan (1 ♂); Nizzanim [Nizzanim], 23.v. 1996, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Massu`ot Yizhaq [Massuot Yizhaq], 18.vi. 1985, I. Susman (1 ♂); Shoval [Shuval], 5.iv. 1964 (1 ♀); Kissufim [Kisufim], 17.x. 1959, L. Fishelsohn (1 ♂); Foothills of Judea: Migdal Afeq [Migdal Zedek], 24.ix. 1981, F. Kaplan (1 ♂); Latrun, 29.iv. 1972, J. Kugler (1 ♂); Bet Guvrin [Bet Govrin], 10.iii. 2004, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Judean Hills: Nahshon [Nachshon], 5.viii. 1972, M. Kaplan (2 ♂); Yerushalayim [Jerus.], 28.vi. 1939, (1 ♀), [Jerualem], 27.xi. 1963, S. Blondheim (1 ♀), 12.viii. 1959, J. Kugler (1 ♀), [Yerusalem], 6.iv. 1962, Margalit (1 ♂), 22.v. 1963 (1 ♀), 15.xi. 1963 (1 ♂); Yerushalayim, Me Neftoah [Lifta], 3.viii. 1983, I. Nussbaum (4 ♂, 1 ♀); Judean Desert: Yeriho [Jericho], 6.iv. 1971, J. Kugler (3 ♂, 2 ♀), 20.v. 1974, M. Kaplan (1 ♂), 8.iii. 1976, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); 'Ein Hajla, Rt. 90, 31�� 49 'N 35 �� 30 'E, 16.iii. 2004, A. Freidberg (1 ♀), I. Zonstein (1 ♀); Teqoa' [Teqo'a], 1.vii. 1986, I. Nussbaum (1 ♂); Dead Sea Area: Qalya, 19.ix. 1995, A. Freidberg (1 ♀), 1.vi. 1996, I. Yarom and A. Freidberg (2 ♂, 1 ♀); Qalya - 370 m, 31 �� 46.2 'N 35 �� 29.9 'E, 7.iv. 2011, A. Freidberg (5 ♂, 14 ♀); Nahal Qumeran [N. Qumeran], 9.iv. 1986, G. Eldar (1 ♀), [Nahal Qumeran], 24.iii. 1986, F. Kaplan (3 ♂, 3 ♀), 22.iii. 1993 A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Rosh zuqim [Rosh Zukim], 10.iv. 1994, A. Freidberg and F. Kaplan (1 ♂); 'Enot Samar, 21.vi. 1998, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Avenat, Rt. 90, 31�� 41 'N 35 �� 26 'E, 17.iii. 2004, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); 'En Gedi [Ein-Gedi], 26.vi. 1959, J. Kugler (3 ♀), 27.vi. 1959 (2 ♂), 14.iv. 1962 (1 ♂, 2 ♀); Nahal Hever, 31 �� 24.403 'N 35 �� 23.177 'E, 22.v. 2009, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); 'En Boqeq [Ein Boqeq], 30.vii. 1977, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Northern Negev: Nahal Hazav, Bitronot Ruhama, 31 �� 32 'N 34 �� 42 'E, 5.iv. 2005, A. Freidberg (2 ♂, 1 ♀); Be`er Sheva' [B. Sheva], 20.vi. 1970, J. Kugler (4 ♂, 2 ♀); 'Arad, 6.i. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ♂); 'Arad, 570 m, 31 �� 15.346 'N 35 �� 11.958 'E, 7.iii. 2010, E. Morgulis (1 ♀); Gevulot, 8.ix. 1983, S. Eliav (1 ♂), 22.ii. 1984 (1 ♀), 1.ix. 1989 (1 ♂); Nahal Nizzana [Nahal Nizzana], 19.iv. 2001, L. Friedman (1 ♀); Central Negev: Mash'abbe Sade, 9.vii. 2001, L. Friedman (1 ♂); Yeroham [Jeruham], 26.iv. 1973, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Sed�� Boq��r, south [Sde Boker southern], 1.v. 1954, O. Theodor (1 ♂); 'En 'Avedat [Avdat], 14.iv. 1975, A. Freidberg (1 ♀), [Ein Avdat], 29.v. 1980, W. N. Mathis and A. Freidberg (1 ♂); 'En Ziq [Ein Zik], 8.viii. 1977, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); 'En zin ['En- 'Zin], 30 �� 53.60 'N 35 ��09.17'E, 17.iv. 1999, I. Yarom and V. Kravchenko (1 ♂), 25.x. 1998, (2 ♂); 'En 'Aqrabbim - 36 m, 31 �� 53.691 'N 35 ��09.889'E, 7.iii. 2010, E. Morgulis (1 ♀); Midbar zin, Nahal Zin, 'En 'Akrabbim [Zin Wilderness Nakhal Zin at En Akrabim], - 61 m, 30 �� 53.38 'N 35 ��09.39'E, 15.iv. 1995, M. E. Irwin (1 ♂); Makhtesh Ramon [Ramon], 6.ix. 1974, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Qezi'ot [Kziot], 1.vii. 1985, I. Nussbaum (3 ♂, 3 ♀), 4.vii. 1985 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), [Qziot], 5.ix. 1985, I. Nussbaum (2 ♂, 2 ♀); Southern Negev: Shizzafon [Ne'ot Semadar], 7.viii. 1995, I. Yarom (2 ♂), 17.viii. 1995, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Arava Valley: zomet 'Iddan, 7 kmN, - 160 m, 30 �� 51.9 'N 35 �� 15.8 'E, 7.iv. 2011, E. Morgulis (8 ♂, 13 ♀); 'Iddan, 16.viii. 1995, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); 'Iddan [Iddan], - 110 m, 30 �� 48.93 'N 35 �� 16.97 'E, 6.iv. 1995, M. E. Irwin (1 ♂); 'Iddan, springs [Iddan springs] - 116 m, 30 �� 49.09 'N 35 �� 16.95 'E, 15.iii. 1995, M. E. Irwin (2 ♂), 21.iii. 1995 (1 ♂), [Idden Spring], 19.iii. 1995, B. Merz (1 ♀); HaMeshar [Ha'Meishar], 9.viii. 1977, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Hazeva [Hazeva], 21.iv. 1981, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Moshav Hazeva Wadi Shahaq, between agricultural fields, - 110 m, 30 �� 46.33 'N 35 �� 16.32 'E, 19.iii. 1995, M. E. Irwin (2 ♀), 3.iv. 1995 (1 ♀), 16.iv. 1995 (2 ♂); Hazeva, Sheizaf Nature Reserve, Nahal Shahaq [nr. Hazeva Shizaf Nature reserve, side channel of wadi Shahak] - 116 m, 30 �� 45.18 'N 35 �� 15.5 'E, 27.iii. 1995, M. E. Irwin (1 ♂); Nahal Shahaq [Nahal Shahaq], 10.xi. 1997, S. Plotkin (1 ♂); Shezaf Nature Reserve [Shezaf N.R.], 30 �� 43 'N 35 �� 16 'E, 8.viii. 1999, I. Yarom and V. Kravchenko (3 ♂, 1 ♀); Nahal Shezaf [Nahal Shezaf], 30 �� 43 'N 35 �� 16 'E, 3.xi. 1997, S. Plotkin (1 ♂), 7.xi. 1997, A. Maklakov (1 ♀); Nahal Shezaf, Shezaf Natural Reserve [Nahal Shezaf Shezaf Nat. Res. 120m], 30 �� 43 'N 35 �� 16 'E, 16.xi. 1997, A. Maklakov (1 ♂), [Shezaf N.R. Nahal Shahaq], 30 �� 45.10 'N 35 �� 15.32 'E, 18.iii. 1999, I. Yarom (1 ♂); Nahal Shezaf, Shezaf Natural Reserve, 120 m, 30 �� 43 'N 35 �� 16 'E, 14.xi. 1997, A. Maklakov (1 ♂); Hazeva Field School, 30 �� 45.10 'N 35 �� 15.32 'E, 8.vii. 1997, A. Makalkov (2 ♂, 2 ♀), 15.vii. 1997 (2 ♂), 17.vii. 1997 (2 ♂), 23.vii. 1997 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 24.vii. 1997 (1 ♂), 3.x. 1997 (1 ♂), 24.viii. 1997, S. Plotkin (2 ♂), 30.vii. 1997 (1 ♂), 2.x. 1997 (1 ♀), 2.xi. 1997 (2 ♀), [B.S. Hazeva], 3.iii. 1998, S. Alfi (1 ♀), [Hazeva Field School], 30 �� 43 'N 35 �� 16 'E, 22.vii. 1997, A. Maklakov (7 ♂), 5.viii. 1997 (2 ♀), 2.x. 1997 (1 ♂), 10.x. 1997 (1 ♀), 11.x. 1997 (1 ♂), 29.x. 1997 (1 ♂), 3.xi. 1997 (1 ♀), 12.xi. 1997 (1 ♀), 5.vi. 1997, S. Plotkin (1 ♂), 20.vi. 1997 (1 ♀), 10.vii. 1997 (1 ♂), 20.vii. 1997 (2 ♂), 29.vii. 1997 (1 ♂), 4.viii. 1997 (1 ♂), 6.viii. 1997 (1 ♀), 2.xi. 1997 (1 ♂), 30.ix. 1997 (1 ♂), [nr. Hazeva Field school], - 116 m, 30 �� 46.77 N' 35 �� 14.58 'E, 19.iii. 1995, M. E. Irwin (1 ♂); Nahal Nemiyya, Rt. 90 - 62 m, 8.iii.2010, 30�� 40.503 'N 35 �� 13.097 'E, E. Morgulis (2 ♂), 'En Dohar [En Dohar Spring 2 km. W. of hwy 90 at km 147], - 110 m, 30 �� 43.03 'N 35 �� 11.32 'E, 21.iii. 1995, M. E. Irwin (2 ♂); Nahal Hiyyon [N. Hiyyon], 8.iii. 1979, D. Furth (1 ♂); Sappir, 24.vii. 1995, I. Yarom (1 ♀); zofar fields, 30.viii. 1995, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Nahal Qetura [Nahal Qetura], 2.v. 1987, F. Kaplan (1 ♀); Lotan Dunes, 18.iii. 1988, F. Kaplan (1 ♀); Yotvata, 23.ix. 1962, J. Kugler (1 ♂), 10.v. 1963, Margalit (1 ♂, 1 ♀), [Yotveta], 11.iv. 1972, J. Kugler (1 ♂), 8.ix. 1974, A. Freidberg (2 ♂); 'En Yotvata [Ein Radian], 4.iv. 1962, J. Kugler (1 ♂), 3.i. 1963 J. Kugler (1 ♀); Samar, 29 �� 49 'N 34 �� 59 'E, 25.ii. 2007, W. Kuslitzky (1 ♀), 25.ii. 2007 (1 ♀); Samar, 29 �� 50 'N 35 ��02'E, 26.iv. 2007, N. Ketner (1 ♂), 15.v. 2007 (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Elifaz, 25.vi. 1989, A. Eitam (1 ♀), 4.iv. 1997, L. Friedman (2 ♂, 1 ♀), I. Yarom (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Elifaz sewage, 5.iv. 1997, A. Freidberg (5 ♂, 3 ♀); Nahal 'Uvda, zomet Shaharut [Nahal Uvda Shaharut junc.], 2.v. 1987, A. Freidberg (1 ♀), 2.v. 1987, F. Kaplan (2 ♂, 2 ♀); Timna', 18.iii. 1995, B. Merz (2 ♂), 10.x. 1995, I. Yarom (1 ♂), 3.iv. 1997, L. Friedman (2 ♂, 1 ♀); Timna', gate, 3.iv. 1997, A. Freidberg (2 ♂); Timna', lake, 3.iv. 1997, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Nahal Raham [Nahal Raham], 300 m, 6.iv. 1997, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); 'En Netafim ['En Netafim], 12.iii. 1994, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Elot, 12.iii. 1994, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Elot [Eilot], 6.ix. 1974, A. Freidberg (1 ♂). EGYPT (labeled as Israel): Sinai, Baluza, 11.iv. 1975, D. Gerling (1 ♂); Sinai, El Masaid Beach, near El 'Arish [Masaid], 11.vii. 1967, M.P. Pener (1 ♂); Sinai, Wadi Watir [W. Watir], 5.viii. 1975, A. Freidberg (1 ♀). Redescription. Head (Figs. 7, 14): Structure: 1.29���1.45 times as high as long. Frons of same width posteriorly and at lunule level, 0.84���0.87 times as wide as long, often slightly concave and with medial and lateral longitudinal protrusions. Eye 1.05���1.18 times as high as long. Gena 0.28���0.38 times as high as eye, slightly corrugated posteriorly. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.13���0.22 times as long as eye. First flagellomere 1.3���1.5 times as long as high. Color and vestiture: head mostly orange-brown. Occiput mainly black, except median occipital sclerite dorsally orange. Ocellar triangle black. Frons reddish-brown posteriorly, orange anteriorly. Orbit dark brown posteriorly, light brown to orange anteriorly, with 2 white microtrichose triangular spots, 1 at mid-frons and 1 at antennal insertion level; fine white microtrichose line present ventrally and posteriorly along eye. First flagellomere orange, apically infuscate, silvery microtrichose; arista orange to brown, bare. Palpus orange to black, white-gray microtrichose. Setae and setulae: all setae black. Medial vertical seta 1.09���1.11 times as long as lateral vertical seta; ocellar seta 0.27���0.33 times as long as medial vertical seta; postocellar seta 0.33���0.41 times as long as medial vertical seta; posterior orbital seta 1.2���1.4 times as long as anterior orbital seta and 0.33���0.36 times as long as medial vertical seta. Gena with 1 seta and several long setulae. Postgena with long setulae. Frons and vibrissal angle with short, fine, yellow setulae. Labellum with mixed black and white setulae. Thorax: Color and vestiture: densely shagreened. Thorax mostly metallic green, sometimes with violet shade, except scutellum shiny golden-gray; anatergite, mediotergite, katatergite and postalar wall slightly silvery-white microtrichose. Setae and setulae: major setae black. 1 short dorsocentral seta (0.5 times as long as postalar and intra-alar setae), 1 acrostichal setula (0.5 times as long as dorsocentral seta) and 1���2 anepisternal (1.5 times as long as postalar seta) setae present. Postpronotal lobe with short, black setulae, setulae 0.1���0.2 times as long as postalar seta; proepisternum, anepisternum and katepisternum with longer, black setulae (0.3���0.4 times as long as postalar seta); 1 dorsocentral and 2 medial (medial to acrostichal) regular rows of yellowish setulae, 0.05 times as long as postalar seta. Scutellum with sparse short yellowish setulae. Legs: All femora and tibiae brown to black; foretarsus with 4 apical tarsomeres black, basal tarsomere pale yellow at basal 0.5���0.8, apically black; mid and hind tarsi entirely or with 1���4 basal tarsomeres yellow. Wing (Fig. 29): Venation: veins yellow to orange. Crossvein R-M aligned basal to apex of vein R 1. Ratios: cell r 4 + 5 0.04���0.08; vein Cu 2 3.07���3.80. Calypteres white. Halter base and stem brown, knob white to yellow. Abdomen: Shiny black with blue-green shade. Tergites 1���4 smooth, tergite 5 densely shagreened. Syntergite 1 + 2 mediolaterally and tergite 6 posteriorly setulose; tergite 5 with microscopic setulae on posterior half and with setulae as long as those on tergite 1 and 6 posteriorly; remaining parts bare. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 46) as high as wide; cerci triangular, separate; lateral surstylus short, apically sharply pointed and medially inclined, slightly setulose. Phallus, in 2 transversial axes, flat and narrow at basal 0.33, gradually both thickened and widened at apical 0.66; phallus with lateral pair of sclerotized taeniae, widened at apical 0.66 of phallus length. Glans (Fig. 69) elongate, with 3 short basal hooks. Female terminalia: Aculeus 12.3 ���13.0 times as long as wide. Cercal unit (Fig. 86) oval, apically rounded to slightly pointed. Sensilla: BV very short and present apical to BD. 3 globulose spermathecae present (Fig. 100), with strongly shagreened surface. Measurements (mm): Body length 3.08���5.68, wing length 2.73���4.60. Type locality. Unknown. Distribution. Cosmopolitan. Adult activity in Israel: All year round. Diagnosis. This species differs from its congeners in the following combination of characters: two lateral microtrichose spots on the frons, foretarsus with basal tarsomere white to yellow and elongate glans with three short basal hooks. This species and its only local congener differ from the local species of the other contribal genera by having a strong metallic sheen over most of the body. Comments. This species is referred to as P. demandata Fabricius, 1798, in most literature. However, Rozko��n�� et al. (1982, Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 208-211, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269, {"references":["Fabricius, J. C. (1798) Suppelmentum entomologiae systematicae. Proft et Storch, Hafniae, [2] + 572 pp.","Rozkosny, R., Chvala, M. & Pont, A. C. (1982) Diptera described by Johann Daniel Preyssler, 1790 - 1793. Scripta Facultatis Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Purkynianae Brunensis, 12 (Biologia), 349 - 356."]}

Ulidia Meigen Ulidia Meigen, 1826: 385; Type species Ulidia erythrophthalma Meigen, 1826: 387 by subsequent designation of Hennig (1940: 16). Redescription. Head (Figs. 20���28): Structure: usually higher than long (in U. gongjugensis Chen and U. xizangensis Chen from China, head conspicuously longer than high). Frons either deeply pitted, rough, shagreened or smooth. First flagellomere round to slightly oval. Color and vestiture: head mostly brown to black, sometimes partially reddish, orange or yellow (in U. gongjugensis Chen head mostly yellow). Frons mostly brown to black, sometimes with reddish or yellowish areas. Orbit usually shiny, sometimes with fine microtrichose line bordering eye, with or without widening (in U. metope Kameneva from Kyrgyzstan, orbit completely silvery-white microtrichose). Antennal groove silvery-white microtrichose. First flagellomere brown to black or orange to yellow, mostly with golden or silvery microtrichia. Palpus brown to black, sometimes reddish or yellowish, mostly with sparse silvery microtrichia (in all Israeli species palpus brownish-black, silvery microtrichose). Setae and setulae: all setae and setulae (except on labellum) black. 0���2 orbital setae present. Gena with 0���3 setae. Postgena, occiput and frons setulose. Vibrissal angle usually setulose. Palpus and labellum with long setulae; setulae sometimes black or white, sometimes mixed black and white. Thorax: Color and vestiture: mostly black, reddish-black or reddish-brown, smooth and shiny or mat shagreened; in all Israeli species postalar wall and anatergite slightly white microtrichose. Setae and setulae: all setae and setulae black; 1���2 supra-alar, 1 intra-alar, 1 postalar, 0���1 intra-postalar, 1���2 dorsocentral, 0���1 acrostichal, 2���6 anepisternal, 1���6 katepisternal and 2 scutellar setae present. Legs: Mostly brown to black, sometimes partially orange or yellow (in U. kandybinae Zaitzev from Mongolia, legs entirely yellow). Hindfemur usually not widened (as wide as midfemur) in both sexes (in U. wadicola Steyskal from Egypt, hindfemur widened in male). Wing (Figs. 33���38): Pattern: hyaline to infuscate; pattern, if present, consists of apical spot and one or combination of darkened cells (basal costal, costal, subcostal, cubital). Venation: Vein Cu 2 with angular to slightly sinuous type bend; in Israeli species vein Cu 2 ratio 0.5���1.4. Abdomen: Mostly black except syntergite 1 + 2 basolaterally slightly white microtrichose; often shagreened. Abdomen setulose. Male terminalia (Fig. 55 ���62, 65���68, 78��� 85): Lateral surstylus apically narrowed and medioapically bent; medial surstylus setulose, sometimes spinulose. Phallus usually bare (with few setulae in U. wasimi n. sp.), with pair of sclerotized taeniae extending from base to mid-point of phallus, and another pair of similar taeniae beginning at middle, almost reaching apex; apical half of phallus bears one to three long membranous caecum-like appendices. Female terminalia: Cercal unit (Figs. 92���99) oval to triangular, apically rounded to pointed. Distribution. Palaearctic., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on page 222, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269, {"references":["Meigen, J. W. (1826) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Hamm, 5, 1 - 412. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13731","Hennig, W. (1940) Ulidiidae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region, 5 (133), pp. 1 - 34."]}

Ulidia sp. nr. apicalis Meigen (Fig. 21) Material examined. ISRAEL: Yerushalayim [Yerusalem], 12.vi. 1940 (1 ♀)(TAUI). Description. Head (Fig. 21): Structure: 1.29 times as high as long. Frons of same width posteriorly and at lunule level, 1.23 times as wide as long, smooth, medially concave, with posterolateral protrusion. Eye 1.5 times as high as long. Gena 0.46 times as high as eye, posteriorly corrugated. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.17 times as long as eye. Color and vestiture: Head mostly reddish-brown. Frons posteriorly black. Orbit with fine white microtrichose line with anterolateral triangular widening. First flagellomere orange, slightly silvery microtrichose. Arista with microscopic rays. Face, postgena, occiput and ocellar triangle reddish-black. Setae and setulae: Postocellar seta 0.85 times as long as ocellar seta; 2 orbital setae, each 0.88–0.91 times as long as ocellar seta. Frons densely long setulose, setulae 0.7–0.8 times as long as ocellar seta. Vibrissal angle and parafacial dorsally with long and thin setulae. Gena and postgena long setulose, longest setulae as long as orbital setae. Palpus with long black setulae; labellum with mixed black and white long setulae. Thorax: Color and vestiture: Black, densely shagreened. Setae and setulae: 2 supra-alar, 1 dorsocentral, 1 acrostichal, 1 anepisternal and 1 katepisternal setae present. Postpronotal lobe, scutum and scutellum densely setulose, setulae 0.4–0.5 times as long as major setae; anepisternum and katepisternum long setulose, setulae 0.7– 0.8 times as long as major setae. Legs: Mostly blackish-brown except midtarsus and hindtarsus with 1 basal tarsomere yellowish-brown. Wing (too damaged to be illustrated): Pattern: Apical spot on wing covers apex of cell r 1. Venation: Veins yellow basally, brown apically. Crossvein R-M aligned slightly apical to apex of vein R 1. Vein Cu 2 ratio 1.33. Calypteres yellow. Halter base and stem brown, knob yellow. Abdomen: Mostly subshiny black except syntergite 1 + 2 basally inconspicuously white microtrichose; tergites shagreened and setulose. Male terminalia: Unavailable. Female terminalia: not examined. Measurements (mm): Body length 5.24. Diagnosis. This species greatly resembles U. apicalis Meigen, differeng from it in the median depression on orbit (orbit without median depression in U. apicalis), and in the apical spot on the wing, which covers the apex of cell r 1 (covers the apex of cells r 1, r 2 + 3 and partially r 4 + 5 in U. apicalis). Comments. Although this species is clearly different morphologically from all congeners, due to the poor condition of the single available specimen it is not named here. This description is postponed until additional specimens become available.

Timia ritae Morgulis and Freidberg n. sp. (Figs. 12, 18, 32, 41, 53, 76, 103) Material examined. ISRAEL: Type Material: Holotype ♂: 'Ani'am [Aniam], 18.v. 1983, I. Yarom; Paratypes: Same data as Holotype, (7 ♂, 7 ♀), F. Kaplan (1 ♀), A. Freidberg (8 ♂, 10 ♀); Har Hermon: Har Hermon, 1600 m, 17.vi. 1999, H. Ackerman (1 ♀), [Mt. Hermon], 1400���1600 m, 24.v. 1983, I. Yarom (1 ♂); Ghajar, 2.v. 1986, I. Nussbaum (1 ♂); Nahal Senir, 33 �� 15 'N 35 �� 37 'E, 7.v. 2007, L. Friedman (1 ♀); Golan Heights: Ma'agar Bental, 33 ��08'N 35 �� 47 'E, 31.v. 2008, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Horeshat Tal [Hurshat Tal], 4.v. 1979, D. Furth (1 ♂); 5 km N. zomet Wasset, 13.vi. 1996, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Ma'ale Gamla, 27.iv. 1988, I. Yarom (1 ♀); zomet Shiryon, 5 kmW, Rt. 91, 530 m, 33 ��02.9'N 35 �� 42.3 'E, 22.v. 2011, E. Morgulis (1 ♂, 1 ♀); Qazrin [Golan Qazrin], 14.v. 1996, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 20.v. 1997 (4 ♂, 4 ♀), 4.v. 1999 (4 ♂, 4 ♀), [Qatzrin], 29.v. 1984, I. Yarom (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 16.v. 1995, A. Freidberg (1 ♂); Qazrin, 32 �� 59 N' 35 �� 41 E', 1.vi. 2004, A. Freidberg (2 ♀), 11.v. 2011, H. Golan (1 ♂); Qazrin, 320 m, 32 �� 59.2 'N 35 �� 41.8 'E, 18.iv. 2010, A. Freidberg (2 ♂, 2 ♀), E. Morgulis (2 ♂, 2 ♀), 335 m, 22.v. 2011, A. Freidberg (2 ♀), Jordan Valley and Southern Golan: Park haYarden, 27.iv. 1984, A. Freidberg (1 ♂, 1 ♀); 'En Gev ['En Gev], 7.v. 1997, A. Freidberg (6 ♂, 8 ♀); Hammat Gader [Hamat Gader], 7.v. 1997, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Peza`el [Fazael], 28.iv. 1976, A. Freidberg (3 ♀); Lower Nahal Tirza, Jiftlik [Jiftlik], 11.iv. 1981, A. Freidberg (3 ♂, 14 ♀); Judean Desert: Nu'eima, 5.iii. 1983, T. Furman (1 ♂); Yeriho [Jericho], 7.iv. 1970, J. Kugler (1 ♂), 6.iv. 1971 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), 11.iii. 1973, D. Furth (1 ♂); Nahal Perat [W. Kelt], 25.iii. 1975, A. Freidberg (1 ♀); Dead Sea Area: Qalya [Kalia], 8.iii. 1976, M. Kaplan (1 ♂)(TAUI). The Holotype is double mounted (minuten in a plastic block), is in excellent condition and deposited in TAUI. Paratypes will be deposited in SIZK, USNM and NHM. Description. Head (Figs. 12, 18): Structure: 1.28���1.45 times as high as long. Frons posteriorly 1.19���1.30 times as wide as long and at lunule level 1.42���1.51 times as wide as long. Eye 1.33���1.54 times as high as long. Gena 0.20���0.28 times as high as eye, slightly strigose. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.24���0.33 times as long as eye. Color and vestiture: head mostly black in male, reddish brown to orange in female. Occiput silvery microtrichose; ocellar triangle slightly silvery microtrichose. Frons with medial longitudinal white microtrichose line, laterally silvery-white microtrichose, punctuate at setae and setulae bases. Parafacial and gena silvery-white microtrichose, punctuate at setae and setulae bases. First flagellomere gray microtrichose. Arista mostly brown except basally golden, with microscopic rays. Palpus brownish black, silvery microtrichose. Setae and setulae: all setae and setulae (except setulae on labellum) black. Medial vertical seta as long as lateral vertical seta; ocellar seta 0.40���48 times as long as vertical setae; postocellar seta 0.34���0.40 times as long as vertical setae; 0���3 orbital setae, when present, as long as ocellar seta. Frons setulose, setulae 0.4���0.5 times as long as ocellar seta. Gena and postgena with long setulae; gena with 1���2 setae. Palpus with long black setulae; labella with long yellowish setulae. Thorax (Fig. 41): Color and vestiture: black. Scutum mostly silvery-white microtrichose except nonmicrotrichose spots at setae and setulae bases and 4 main areas: (1) medial longitudinal stripe from pronotum to scutellum, between intra-alar and dorsocentral rows, (2) along transverse suture, (3) lateral presutural triangular spot and (4) lateral postsutural longitudinal stripe. Setae and setulae: all setae and setulae black. 2 supra-alar, 1 acrostichal, 1���3 anepisternal, 1 katepisternal and 2 scutellar setae present. Postpronotal lobe, scutum, anepisternum and katepisternum with long setulae about 0.33 times as long as major setae; scutellum with setulae about 0.5 times as long as major setae. Legs: Coxae black, slightly white microtrichose; femora yellow; foretibia mostly black, except dorsally and anteriorly brownish; midtibia and hindtibia mostly yellow, except dorsoapical 0.2 often brownish; foretarsus black; midtarsus and hindtarsus with 3 basal tarsomeres yellow and apical 2 tarsomeres brownish to black. Wing (Fig. 32): Hyaline, no pattern present; pterostigma mat yellow. Venation: Veins yellow. Crossvein R-M aligned proximal to apex of vein R 1. Ratios: Cell r 4 + 5 0.25���0.34; vein Cu 2 1.5���1.9. Calypteres white. Halter base and stem brown, knob yellow. Abdomen: Color and vestiture: tergites 3���6 subshiny brown-black; tergites slightly shagreened. Setae and setulae: syntergite 1 + 2 densely setulose laterally on basal half, setulae 0.1 times as long as major setae on scutum. Syntergite 1 + 2 lateroapically, tergite 4 posteriorly and tergite 5 entirely with setulae 0.4���0.6 times as long as major setae on scutum. Tergites 3 and 4 laterally with setulae 0.1���0.2 times as long as major setae on scutum. Remaining parts bare or with fine shorter setulae. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 53) 1.45���1.50 times as high as wide; cerci triangular, separate; lateral surstylus apically bilobate, anterior lobe apically oval, posterior lobe medially bent and pointed apically. Phallus with caecum; caecum extending along apical half of phallus. Glans (Fig. 76) elongate, with apical widening. Female terminalia: Aculeus 5.6���6.2 times as long as wide. Cercal unit (as in Fig. 90) oval, apically rounded to slightly pointed with well pronounced lateral groove. Sensilla: BV apical to BD. AD seta situated somewhat basally, nearly aligned with AV. Spermathecae (Fig. 103) globulose with smooth surface. Measurements (mm): Body length 3.7���5.2, wing length 2.9���4.1. Adult activity in Israel: March to June. Distribution. Israel. Etymology. This species is named after Rita Morgulis, the first author���s younger sister. Diagnosis. This species is similar to T. libani Gregor, differing from it by the microtrichia pattern on the scutum, the leg coloration and abdomen pubescence; T. ritae is widely distributed in Israel, whereas T. libani is restricted to Mt. Hermon. Comments. The resemblance of this species to T. libani Gregor in the structure of both epandrium and glans is striking, considering that no such similarity has been observed in any other examined species of Timia. Nevertheless, based on other characters we consider it to be a separate species (see diagnosis)., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 219-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269

Timia sp. cf. berlandi S��guy (Figs. 16, 31, 49, 72) Material examined. EGYPT [Israel]: Sinai, Mitle, 13.iv. 1973, A. Freidberg (1 ♂), ex Cistanche tubulosa (TAUI). Description. Head (Fig. 16): Structure: 0.82 times as high as long. Frons posteriorly 0.91 times as wide as long and at lunule level 1.19 times as wide as long, slightly canaliculate. Eye 0.88 times as high as long. Gena 0.37 times as high as eye, slightly canaliculate. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.51 times as long as eye. Clypeus barely noticeable. Color and vestiture: head mostly yellow. Occiput and antennal groove slightly silvery microtrichose. Ocellar triangle black. Fine silvery microtrichose line present ventrally at orbit along eye margin, with triangular widening at antenna insertion level. Arista with microscopic rays. Palpus yellow, slightly gray microtrichose. Proboscis brown. Setae and setulae: medial vertical seta as long as lateral vertical seta; 1 lateral vertical setula present on right side, 0.9 times as long as vertical seta; 1 medial vertical setula present on left side, 0.9 times as long as vertical seta; ocellar seta missing; postocellar seta 0.6 times as long as medial vertical seta. Frons, parafacial and gena short setulose; setulae about 0.5 times as long as medial vertical seta. Gena with several long setulae ventrally. Postgena setulose. Palpus with long black setulae; labellum with long whitish setulae. Thorax: Color and vestiture: yellow, densely shagreened, with irregular brown spots. 1 acrostichal stripe of silvery microtrichia, extending from pronotum to scutellum; 1 presutural transverse stripe of silvery microtrichia, extending from dorsocentral level to postpronotal lobe. Scutellum shiny yellow with irregular short black lines. Anatergite slightly silvery microtrichose. Setae and setulae: 1 supra-alar, 1 anepisternal, 1���2 katepisternal and 2 scutellar setae present. Dorsocentral seta weak, setula like. Proepimeron, anepisternum and katepisternum long setulose; setulae as long as major setae. Postpronotal lobe with 1 setula. Scutellum laterally with 2 setulae, 1 anterior and 1 posterior to basal scutellar seta; setulae 0.9 times as long as major setae on scutellum; otherwise, scutellum bare. Legs: Tarsi with 2 apical tarsomeres slightly flattened. Legs mostly brownish orange except hind tarsi yellow. Wing (Fig. 31): Hyaline, no pattern present; pterostigma mat yellow. Venation: Veins yellow. Crossvein R-M aligned with apex of vein R 1. Ratios: Cell r 4 + 5 0.07; vein Cu 2 0.88.Calypteres yellowish white. Halter brown. Abdomen: Due to the dissection of this specimen, the abdomen color and vestiture were damaged and could not be examined. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 49) 1.13 times as high as wide; cerci medially elongate, otherwise small, nearly conjoint. Lateral surstylus with prominent anterior (medial) lobe, bearing 2 prensisetae medially and few smaller spines posteriorly; posterior (lateral) lobe of lateral surstylus receded, apically pointed and dorsoclinate. Phallus without caecum. Glans (Fig. 72) rectangular, with curved angles. Female terminalia: Unavailable. Measurements (mm): Body length 4.74, wing length 3.48. Distribution. Egypt. Diagnosis. This species differs from its congeners in the following combination of charcters: a mostly yellow body, head longer than high and lateral surstylus bilobate. Comments. The only specimen of this species was reared by the junior author (AF) from Cistanche tubulosa (Orobanchaceae) collected in the Sinai (Egypt) in 1973. Both authors attempted to rear additional specimens from C. tubulosa plants collected in various arid parts of Israel (Dead Sea area, Negev, 'Arava Valley) but without success. We compared photographs of the holotype of T. berlandi to our specimen, but could not examine the holotype itself., Published as part of Morgulis, E. & Freidberg, A., 2014, The Ulidiini (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) of Israel, with a key to the world species of Ulidia and description of five new species, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 3780 (2) on pages 214-215, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/228269

Herina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Herina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 724. Type species: Herina liturata Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, by subsequent designation of Hennig (1939) (syn. of Herina nigrina (Meigen, 1826). Diagnosis. Small to medium-sized otitine flies (wing length 2���5 mm), usually with dark brown, subshining, rarely microtrichose, body; wing with very short or no posteroapical lobe of cell bcu and pattern of 3���4 dark spots or crossbands, rarely almost entirely brown or hyaline. Male terminalia usually without epiphallus (except in H. frondescentiae Linnaeus). Redescription. Head: Frons longer than wide. First flagellomere often pointed apically, usually 1.4���1.5 times as long as wide, rarely (in H. paludum Fall��n and H. palustris Meigen) 3���4 times as long as wide. Gena 0.33 times or less as high as eye. Orbit and parafacial silvery-gray to silvery-white microtrichose. Thorax: Chaetotaxy: 0���1 acrostichal, 1���2 dorsocentral setae, posterior dorsocentral seta usually shorter and thinner than anterior dorsocentral seta or lacking, 1���2 supra-alar, 1 postalar, 1 intra-alar, 0���1 postpronotal, 1 proepisternal, 2���4 anepisternal, 2 notopleural and 1 katepisternal setae present. Scutellum with 2 pairs of setae. Wing: Usually spotted, rarely banded, brown or entirely hyaline. Veins R 4 + 5 and M parallel or slightly convergent; cell bcu with at most minute posteroapical lobe (vein Cu 2 convex or slightly bent). Abdomen: Tergites entirely subshining or sometimes with gray crossbands, female sternites 4���6 with anteromedial apodemes. Male terminalia: Epiphallus and sensillar fields lateral of basiphallus usually absent; gonites large, symmetric, with 3���5 setulae. Phallus long, in some portions with acanthi (modified microsetae), in others bare; acanthi of various length and shape, often lanceolate, parallelogram or hook-like. Medial and lateral surstyli of various shapes. Simple surstyli���with medial surstylus slightly convex and bearing 2���3 prensisetae and 4���5 setulae, and with lateral surstylus narrow, straight or mesoventrally curved (in H. oscillans (Meigen), H. parva (Loew) and H. pseudoluctuosa Hennig). Highly modified surstyli���with bifurcate or lobate medial surstylus with one of the two prensisetae on mesal surface of lateral sursylus (lugubris group of species) or with multiple (5���8) prensisetae (in H. frondescentiae (Loew) and H. odnosumi Kameneva & Pljushtch). Female terminalia: Oviscape shining; aculeus varies from short and wide to moderately long, 1.8���5.5 times as long as wide, with oval or round cercal unit; 3 round, oval or bacilliform spermathecae present. Systematic relationships. Herina belongs to the tribe Otitini of the subfamily Otitinae (Kameneva & Korneyev 2006). It is apparently a non-monophyletic group (Kameneva, unpublished data). Herina can be defined as an aggregation of smaller, mostly black species with various types of wing pattern, very short-lobate or nonlobate cell bcu, moderately narrow frons, parafacial and gena; male terminalia with 2���8 prensisetae on both of the surstyli combined, usually no epiphallus (present in H. frondescentiae and H. oscillans ��� Kameneva, unpublished data), and usually lacking sensillar fields on the hypandrium lateral to basiphallus (present in H. oscillans ��� Kameneva, unpublished data). Species of Ceroxys also have subshining or shining abdomen and pointed 1 st flagellomere. They can be distinguished from species of Herina by their larger size (wing length = 5.5���7.5 mm) and slightly convergent veins R 4 + 5 and M. Some smaller black species of Otites (e.g., O. rivularis (Loew)) and Ulidiopsis (U. mirabilis Hennig) differ in having moderately high gena (0.35���0.45 as high as eye), medial surstylus with 7���30 prensisetae, well developed paired epiphallus and presence of the sensillar fields lateral to basiphallus. As a result of this confusion, females sometimes cannot be placed to genus with certainty. Species groups: Along with the lugubris group of species, defined and revised by Merz (2002), several additional groups of species can be recognized as is defined in the following key. However, nine species could not be placed into any of these groups., Published as part of Morgulis, E., Freidberg, A. & Kameneva, E. P., 2013, Two new species of Herina (Diptera: Ulidiidae) from the Mediterranean region, with key to species groups, pp. 461-470 in Zootaxa 3686 (4) on pages 462-463, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3686.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/224057, {"references":["Hennig, W. (1939) 46 / 47. Otitidae. In: E. Lindner (ed.). Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region, 5 (1). Stuttgart, E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung. 78 pp.","Kameneva, E. P. (2006) East Asian and Papuan species of the genus Herina Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Ulidiidae, Otitinae). Instrumenta Biodiversitatis, 7, 15 - 59.","Merz, B. (2002) A revision of the Herina lugubris species group (Diptera, Ulidiidae, Otitinae), with the description of two new species. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 109 (2), 407 - 431."]}

Herina dimorphica Morgulis, Freidberg and Kameneva n. sp. (Figs. 1, 2, 6 ���9, 11) Material examined. (regions in bold face are not cited in the labels and are added here only for clarity; localities in brackets refer to the original spelling on the label or to editorial additions). Holotype 3: ISRAEL: [near] Pa'ar Cave, 800 m, 33 ��02.04'N 35 �� 23.356 'E, 19.x. 2009, A. Freidberg, E. Morgulis and I. Katz. Paratypes, same collection data as holotype (913, 47��). Mount Hermon: Har Hermon [Hermon], 27.ix. 1972, D. Furth (13); Har Dov, 1500 m, 27.ix. 1992, Y. Nussbaum (53, 3��); Majdal Shams [Majdel Chams], 14.x. 1982, A. Freidberg (63, 27��), F. Kaplan (13, 9��), A. Zadka (13, 3��); Nahal Nimrod, 33 �� 15 'N 35 �� 45 'E, 4.x. 2001, A. Freidberg (43, 4��), L. Friedman (2 ��); Golan Heights: Mas'ada, 3.x. 1970, J. Kugler (23, 6��); Nabi Hazuri, 790 m, 33 �� 15.036 'N 35 �� 43.761 'E, 18.x. 2009, L. Friedman (1 ��); Haspin [Khispin], 28.x. 1983, I. Nussbaum (13, 7��); Upper Galilee: Pa'ar Cave, near Sasa, 25.x. 1994, A. Freidberg (233, 63��); Pa'ar Cave, 800 m, 33 ��02.04'N 35 �� 23.356 'E, 19.x. 2009, L. Friedman (183); Pa'ar Cave, 810 m, 33 ��01.952'N 35 �� 23.189 'E, 18.x. 2010, A. Freidberg, L. Bodner and E. Morgulis (463, 32��); Har Meron [Mt. Meiron], 10.x. 1971, J. Kugler (1 ��); Har Meron, 900 m, 33 ��01'N 35 �� 24 'E, 3.x. 2001, A. Freidberg (1 ��); Zefat [Zefat], 17.x. 1972, A. Freidberg (1 ��), J. Kugler (2 ��); Kefar Shammay [Kfar Shamai], 6.x. 1974, A. Freidberg (1 ��); 'Ami'ad [Amiad], 6.x. 1974, A. Freidberg (13, 1��). The holotype is double-mounted, minutien pin on plastic block, is in excellent condition and is deposited in the National Collection of Insects, Tel Aviv University (TAUI). Most paratypes are in TAUI; paratypes have been donated to the Natural History Museum, London, UK (BMNH), National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., USA (NMNH), and I.I.Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, Kiev, Ukraine (SIZK). Diagnosis. this species differs from all congeners by the sexually dimorphic wing venation and pattern, i.e., males lacking crossvein DM-Cu and having a well-contrasted dark brown pattern over anterior half of wing, whereas females with crossvein DM-Cu present and pattern more extensive (e.g. over crossvein DM-Cu) and less contrasted. H. dimorphica is most similar to H. sicula n. sp., differing from it in veins R 4 + 5 and M being slightly divergent (in H. sicula veins R 4 + 5 and M are parallel); abdominal tergites 3 and 4 of male medially and apically gray microtrichose, with two isolated bare spots (Fig. 11) (in H. sicula tergites 3 and 4 with bare black spots widely confluent, leaving only two lateroapical and one mediobasal triangles gray microtrichose (Fig. 12)); and in the lateral surstylus bent medially in a nearly right angle (bent more gently in H. sicula). Description. Head (Fig. 1): Structure: 1.22���1.26 times as high as long. Frons at level of anterior ocellus 0.71��� 0.86 times as wide as long; frons at lunule level 0.78���0.94 times as wide as long. In lateral view face nearly straight, receded. Carina flattened at dorsal 0.45���0.50, about 0.45���0.50 times as wide as antennal groove at same level in anterior view, ventrally rounded to slightly pointed and irregularly wrinkled; protrusion of carina beyond parafacial in lateral view about 2.5 ���3.0 times as long as parafacial at narrowest level. Eye 1.17���1.37 times as high as long. Gena 0.17���0.29 times as high as eye. Fronto-orbital plate at antenna insertion level 0.41���0.62 times as long as gena height. First flagellomere 1.53���1.71 times as long as high, dorsoapically pointed, dorsally straight. Arista with microscopic rays. Color and vestiture: Ocellar triangle, vertex, occiput, orbit, postgena and 1 st flagellomere black; orbit white microtrichose, remaining parts gray microtrichose. Frontal vitta orange. Face yellow to black, slightly gray microtrichose. Parafacial and gena mostly brown, silvery-gray microtrichose; gena posteriorly blackish. Scape, pedicel and 1 st flagellomere black, slightly silvery microtrichose; arista mostly brown-black, white immediately beyond thickened base. Clypeus brown-black; palpus brown to yellow, gray microtrichose. Chaetotaxy: Medial vertical seta 1.10���1.25 times as long as lateral vertical seta; ocellar seta and postocellar seta each 0.45���0.52 times as long as medial vertical seta; 2 orbital setae, posterior orbital seta 1.7���1.9 times as long as anterior orbital seta and 0.57���0.63 times as long as medial vertical seta. Frontal vitta setulose. Gena, postgena, palpus and vibrissal angle with long black setulae. Labellum with mixed black and white setulae. Thorax. Color and vestiture: Dark brown to black, entirely gray microtrichose; scutum with slightly darker, longitudinal, medial and lateral, presutural lines. Chaetotaxy: All setae and setulae black. 2 dorsocentral (anterior 3 times as long and as thick as posterior) setae present, 2 supra-alar, anterior supra-alar seta 0.33 times as long as posterior supra-alar seta, 1 postalar and 2���4 anepisternal setae present; 6���9 dorsocentral setulae present. Mesonotum, postpronotal lobe, anepisternum and katepisternum with black setulae about 0.2 times as long as major setae. Legs. All coxae brown to black; all femora, tibiae and apical 2���4 tarsomeres black; 1���3 basal tarsomeres brown to pale yellow. Legs slightly gray microtrichose. Wing. Pattern: Male (Fig. 8): Blackish area extending anterior to middle of cell r 4 + 5 and distal to level of crossvein BM-Cu and along vein R 4 + 5, wing otherwise hyaline; female (Fig. 9): Slightly blackish area anterior to vein Cu 1, with darker infuscation at base of basal costal cell, apex of costal cell, apex of cell r 1, along apices of veins R 1 and R 2 + 3 and along crossvein R-M. Pterostigma gray in both sexes. Venation: Male: Veins A 1, Cu 2 and base of vein M yellow, remaining veins brown. Crossvein DM-Cu absent; female: Veins R 4 + 5 and Cu 1 in basal fifth and entire vein A 1 yellow, remaining veins brown; crossvein DM-Cu present. In both sexes: Cell r 4 + 5 about as wide at apex as in middle. Crossvein R-M aligned basal to apex of vein R 1. Vein Cu 2 convex, without bend, not forming posterodistal lobe at cell bcu. Calypter yellowish-white. Halter entirely gray microtrichose, base and stem brown, knob yellow. Abdomen. Brown to black in both sexes. In male (Fig. 11), syntergite 1 + 2 entirely and tergites 3 and 4 medially and apically gray-brown microtrichose; tergite 5 not microtrichose; non-microtrichose areas on tergite 4 and tergite 5 wrinkled, remaining parts smooth. In female, abdomen entirely gray-brown microtrichose. Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 2) 1.3���1.5 times as high as wide. Lateral surstylus articulated to epandrium, widened basally, bearing 2 large prensisetae and 2���5 setulae medially; lateral surstylus bent medially at or nearly at right angle. Phallus (Fig. 4) laterally spinulose at basal 0.1, setulose on basomedial 0.33, with 4���6 setae (on each side) on medioapical 0.33, both laterally and medially spinulose at apical 0.3. Spines at basal 0.1 of phallus flat and wide, as long as phallus width; spines on medial 0.6 thick and long, about 1.5 ���2.0 times as long as phallus width; spines at subapical 0.15 as long as phallus width; spines at apical 0.15 about half as long as phallus width. Glans membranous and micro-spinulose. Female terminalia: Aculeus 5.2���6.1 times as long as wide. Cercal unit (Fig. 7) elongate oval, apically truncate, with well pronounced lateral groove. Sensilla: Basaoventral seta aligned with basal dorsal seta. All setae long. Pair of large socket-like sensilla present basal to subapical ventral seta pair. 3 ovoid spermathecae (Fig. 6) present, 2 with common duct. Measurements (mm). Body length 2.25���2.95, wing length 2.42���2.95. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the sexual dimorphism in the wing venation and pattern. Distribution, phenology and biology. Adults were found primarily in open, sunny grasslands of the northern highlands of Israel (Har Hermon, Golan Heights, Upper Galilee) only in September and October. The flies were observed standing head down and rarely moving on the shaded side of stems of various dry or green herbs of the families Asteraceae, Poaceae and Apiaceae. It is noteworthy that almost all the studied specimens were collected in October, which is autumn in Israel. Judged by the phenology of terrestrial Diptera in Israel generally (Freidberg, unpublished data), this is the poorest season for collecting Diptera adults. Indeed, based on about 3500 collected specimens, Morgulis (2012, chart 1) has shown for 37 ulidiid species recorded by her from Israel that between September and March the richness of these flies was less than 10 species per month, whereas in the remaining (spring and summer) months it varied between 15���27 species per month. This pattern appears to hold true also for other Herina species, such as H. sicula n. sp. (described below), collected in Sicily in late August, and H. aartseni Merz (Morgulis, 2012), collected in Israel from Mid-June to beginning of November. In the laboratory, although the flies were presented with various (dry) plant materials (taken from their natural habitat), females were not seen laying eggs in them. Soil, which was also taken from the habitat, did receive some attention from the flies, as several females did probe it with their aculeus. Whether or not they have laid eggs in the soil remains to be clarified. At least one female laid eggs in a stainless steel mesh covering the ventilation openings of the cage. The eggs were found glued to the mesh, between the cage wall (plastic) and the mesh itself. Other females were observed inserting their aculeus through this mesh, but no other egg batches were found. Both in the field and at the laboratory, the flies (mainly males) were seen performing wing scissoring and tapping on each other with their forelegs, and several mating couples were observed. During mating, the male mounts the female, and their body axes form an acute angle; the male grasps the female abdomen with his mid and hind legs, while his fore legs either resting on her syntergite 1 + 2 or tapping on her scutum or head. The female slightly spreads her wings, and the male stays with his wings fully folded as at rest., Published as part of Morgulis, E., Freidberg, A. & Kameneva, E. P., 2013, Two new species of Herina (Diptera: Ulidiidae) from the Mediterranean region, with key to species groups, pp. 461-470 in Zootaxa 3686 (4) on pages 465-469, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3686.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/224057, {"references":["Morgulis E. (2012) Taxonomy and biology of the family Ulidiidae (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Israel. M. Sc. thesis. Tel Aviv University. 161 pp."]}

Herina sicula Morgulis, Freidberg and Kameneva, n. sp. (Figs. 3, 5, 10, 12) Material examined. Holotype 3: Italy: Sicily: Pioppo, 28.viii. 1982, A. Freidberg (TAUI). Paratypes: Same collecting data as holotype (13, 4Ƥ) (TAUI). The holotype is in excellent condition, double-mounted, minutien pin on plastic block. Diagnosis. This species differs from all congeners by the combination of small size, densely microtrichose thorax and syntergite 1 + 2, and almost entirely brown wing except posterior half of cell cu 2 and anal lobe grayish to hyaline. H. sicula n. sp. is most similar to H. dimorphica n. sp., differing from it in veins R 4 + 5 and M being parallel (in H. dimorphica veins R 4 + 5 and M are slightly divergent); abdominal tergites 3 and 4 of male with bare black spots widely confluent, leaving only two lateroapical and one mediobasal triangles of gray microtrichia (Fig. 12) (in H. dimorphica tergites 3 and 4 medially and apically gray microtrichose, with two isolated bare spots (Fig. 11)); and in the lateral surstylus gently bent medially (bent in a nearly right angle in H. dimorphica). Description (only characters in which H. sicula differs from H. dimorphica are mentioned in the description). Head (Fig. 1): 1.13–1.53 times as high as long. Eye 1.4–1.9 times as high as long. First flagellomere 1.1 –2.0 times as long as high. Gena 0.17–0.23 times as high as eye. Color and vestiture: Occiput, orbit and postgena brown. Orbit silvery-white microtrichose. Scape and pedicel brown. Gena brown, slightly gray microtrichose. Chaetotaxy: lateral vertical seta 1.15–1.50 times as long as medial vertical seta, posterior orbital seta 0.66–0.86 times as long as medial vertical seta; ocellar and postocellar setae short (0.33–0.43 as long as medial vertical seta). Thorax. Ground color brown. 2 dorsocentral (anterior 4 times as long and as thick as posterior) and 1–2 postalar setae present. Legs. Yellowish-brown, gray microtrichose. Wing (Fig. 10). Wing venation and pattern not sexually dimorphic, and crossvein DM-Cu present in both sexes. Wing almost entirely brown; base of wing, alula, posterior half of cell cu 2 and anal lobe slightly paler than rest of wing. Veins brown. Cell r 4 + 5 as wide at apex as in middle. Abdomen. Ground color brown; syntergite 1 + 2 entirely and tergites 3 and 4 latero-apically and medio-basally microtrichose in male (Fig. 12). Male terminalia: Epandrium (Fig. 3) 1.3 times as high as wide. Lateral surstylus gently curved medially. Phallus (Fig. 5) laterally spinulose at basal 0.8; both laterally and medially spinulose at apical 0.3. Spines at basal 0.25 of phallus about 1.5 times as long as phallus width; spines on next 0.25 about 2.0– 2.5 times as long as phallus width; spines at next 0.2 (both laterally and medially) about as long as phallus width and half as thick as basal spines; lateral spines at subapical 0.2 about half as long as phallus width; medial spines at subapical 0.2 about 1.5 times as long and about 0.7 times as thick as phallus width; spines at apical 0.1 as long as phallus width, gradually decrease in size. Glans membranous and micro-spinulose. Measurments (mm). Body length 3.13 –4.00, wing length 2.7–3.2. Etymology. The specific epithet sicula is a Latin adjective meaning “Sicilian” and referring to Sicily, the type locality., Published as part of Morgulis, E., Freidberg, A. & Kameneva, E. P., 2013, Two new species of Herina (Diptera: Ulidiidae) from the Mediterranean region, with key to species groups, pp. 461-470 in Zootaxa 3686 (4) on pages 469-470, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3686.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/224057

Herina dimorphica species group Diagnosis. This group of species can be destinguished from other Herina species groups by the combination of the following characters: small size (body length 2.2 –4.0 mm); first flagellomere short, pointed dorsoapically; wing pattern unique, varies from almost evenly infuscated to dimidiate, rather than consisting of transverse dots or stripes as in all other Herina groups; medial surstylus inconspicuous; lateral surstylus mesally curved or almost straight, with 2–3 prensisetae; spermatheca short oval. Genital characters similar to those of members of the oscillans group, but members of the dimorphica group clearly differ from the members of the oscillans group by the more densely microtrichose thorax and abdomen, as well as by the wing pattern., Published as part of Morgulis, E., Freidberg, A. & Kameneva, E. P., 2013, Two new species of Herina (Diptera: Ulidiidae) from the Mediterranean region, with key to species groups, pp. 461-470 in Zootaxa 3686 (4) on page 464, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3686.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/224057

Morgulis, E., Freidberg, A., Kameneva, E. P. (2013): Two new species of Herina (Diptera: Ulidiidae) from the Mediterranean region, with key to species groups. Zootaxa 3686 (4): 461-470, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3686.4.4

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