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Relevance. Inflammatory periodontal diseases, with a 68-98% prevalence, are a risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). There is simultaneously a low awareness of dental diseases and their role in assessing general health. The patient's understanding of the need for prevention and treatment of dental diseases is essential in the successful treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this regard, the study of dental treatment adherence in patients with cardiovascular diseases is particularly relevant. Purpose – to study the level of adherence to dental treatment in patients with cardiovascular diseases.Materials and methods. We conducted a dental examination and survey of 121 patients aged 18 to 89 years during treatment of coronary artery disease clinical manifestations, including 48 men and 73 women. The average age of the surveyed was 65.2 ± 0.44 years. Patients completed a modified Morisky-Green questionnaire, which included four questions. We used a written questionnaire, which included 21 closed questions of the original questionnaire, to study the factors affecting adherence to dental treatment.Results. The study found that 87.6% of cardiovascular patients poorly adhered to dental treatment, 9.1% of patients were at risk, and only 3.3% had strong adherence to treatment. Only half of the respondents (52%) believed that oral diseases could affect the underlying disease course. Adherence to dental treatment did not depend on the age of the examined patients. Adherence was higher among women and those with higher education.Conclusion. The study revealed that patients with cardiovascular diseases have a high prevalence and intensity of inflammatory periodontal diseases and low adherence to their treatment. Only half of the patients know the relationship between cardiovascular diseases and inflammatory periodontal dis eases.

The Ural mobile belt is an intracontinental epioceanic orogen that has already gone through all stages of the geodynamic development. Igneous rocks formed during each stage are important indicators for understanding the evolution of this belt and determining potential ore contents of its segments. We consolidated large datasets on petrogeochemistry and isotope geochronology of the Paleozoic (490–250 Ma) granitoids associated with the opening and evolution of the Ural paleoocean and the subsequent formation of the collisional orogen. Using these data, we have revised the ages of several tectono-magmatic events, clarified the paleogeodynamic settings for the generation of granitoids of different compositions, and described the roles of mantle-crust interactions and the plume factor in the formation of the mature continental crust in the study area. The results can be useful for geological mapping and improving the assessment of the potential ore contents in granitoid complexes that differ in origin and composition.

This article is an analysis of the linguistic means of figurative representation of the Milky Way in the prose works of Russian authors of the XIX — early XXI centuries. It is established that the basis for the creation of metaphorical models, in which the astroobject Milky Way is one of the components, are the similarity of external outlines, parametric indicators, the identity of light and structural characteristics, while the attraction of only perceptual signs significantly limits the possibilities for comparison. It is shown that the length of the stellar system determines its metaphorical representation as a water body, road, fabric or fiber, a bridge or its component part, an arc, a parabola, a fraction, a procession, a lane, a belt, a ski track, spilled milk, a tail. It is noted that the relative position of the celestial bodies that form the Milky Way leads to its assimilation to fog, cloud, smoke or dust; the luminosity of the stars entering the galaxy resembles the brilliance of silver and gold, and their large number is emphasized by the metaphor “Milky Way — many small objects or particles”. The author comes to the conclusion that the images that arise during the metaphorization of an astroobject differ in the frequency of use, while hydronymic, meteorological, artifact metaphors, as well as the metaphor of a path-road, are productive.

The distribution of heavy metals (HM) was analyzed in soils of Blagoveshchensk. The main physicochemical features (pH, the content of organic substance, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium, the exchangeable cations of calcium and magnesium, as well as the total content of Cu, Cr, Ni, Co, Pb, Mn, Cd, Zn) were studied in soil samples. The anthropogenic influence on the urban environment transforms the physicochemical properties of soils: alkalizes the soil cover, increases the organic matter content, exchangeable bases, and mobile forms of biogenic elements. The total content of studied HM in the soils of Blagoveshchensk exceeds their concentrations in soils of the Mukhinka background territory and shows the spatial heterogeneity of pollutants distribution in the upper soil layer. As proceeds from the comparison of the studied elements concentrations with their MPC/APC, the most polluted territories are confined to industrial zones. Four elements, i.e., Mn, Pb, Cd and Zn, are accumulated in urban soils. However, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr accumulation is not so important. The calculation results of total contamination index in the upper soil cover layer in Blagoveshchensk taking into account the HM toxicity coefficient prove that Blagoveshchensk soils are mainly classified as moderately hazardous and nonhazardous. The evidence on the total content of HM do not allow making conclusion about their geochemical behavior in soils and about possible transition to neighbor environment. That is why the most mobile and easily mobilized forms of heavy metals, i.e., water-soluble and specifically adsorbed forms, were extracted using the method of successive extractions. The mobility of metals was established to be higher in the urban soils as compared to the background soils. Among the studied elements, Cd, Pb and Zn proved to be the most hazardous, with their mobility being close to the average risk of being included in the nutrition chains. This may lead to the contamination of Amur cross-boundary river ecosystems with heavy metals in case the groundwater level rises in the Blagoveshchensk territory due to its waterlogging by the Zeya River water.

Relevance.Numerous epidemiological studies have found a high degree of association between DM and periodontal disease, and periodontal disease has even been proposed as a sixth complication of DM. It has also been demonstrated that this relationship is bidirectional, with periodontitis exerting an effect on DM. These fndings have diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Thus, the high prevalence of periodontal disease in DM indicates the need to evaluate glucose levels in periodontal patients. Conversely, intervention studies have demonstrated that the treatment of periodontal disease improves the glycemic control of DM patients. To alert health professionals about the risk that periodontitis represents for the onset or exacerbation of complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and to emphasize that the mechanical treatment of periodontal disease and reestablishment of oral health are essential for the metabolic control of these patients.Materials and methods.A review of the literature on the topic of 30 sources from them 5 domestic and 25 foreign data.Some researchers demonstrate the Periodontal screening must be part of the overall clinical examination of patients with diabetes and, if diagnosed, periodontal disease must be treated appropriately to avoid or exacerbate diabetes complications besides improving glycemic control in these individuals.Results:In the postoperative period during the frst three days, patients of both groups had moderate soft tissue edema, slight flap hyperemia and palpation pain.Conclusions.Increased knowledge of dentists, endocrinologists and the public is required to improve early diagnosis of diabetes, adequate management, prevention and treatment of dental diseases in patients with DM.

—The chemical composition of rocks of the Murzinka–Adui metamorphic complex and the Murzinka granite pluton, a reference interformational granite pluton in the Urals, is considered. A detailed comparative analysis of ancient gneisses and related granite veins included an isotope–geochemical study of zircons from both groups of rocks. Zircons are subdivided into seven age groups (I, 1588 ± 20 Ma; II, 1060 ± 28 Ma; III, 530 ± 11 Ma; IV, 380 ± 6 Ma; V, 330 ± 9 Ma; VI, 276 ± 3 Ma; and VII, 260 ± 3 Ma). The first four groups are apparently zircons from gneisses, reworked to different extents, and the other three groups are zircons crystallized during granite genesis. The gneisses and most of the granite samples contain zircons of all the above age populations, which is evidence of trapping zircons from gneisses by granite melts, on the one hand, and the occurrence of “granite-derived” zircons in gneisses, on the other. The granitoids and gneisses of all types differ considerably in geochemical features. The behavior of trace elements and the Rb–Sr ages indicate that the formation of granites of the Murzinka massif was a discrete episode of magmatic activity. The Sr isotope ratios in the granites and gneisses indicate different degrees of the mantle–crust interaction and the participation of the material of the crystalline basement and newly formed crust in their formation.

Relevance of the problem. In the Urals, in connection with the solution of the problem of supplying the operating non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises with local raw materials, a number of copper-porphyry ore-bearing deposits have been involved in the industrial development in the last decade; low-sulfidation mineralization is localized mainly in dioritic intrusive massifs. The presence of large-scale mineralization of native copper in the diorites of the Vostochno-Verkhotursky massif testifies to the need for its comprehensive study and determination of ore-forming appurtenances. Purpose of the paper is to determine the formation and age appurtenances, as well as the metallogenic specialization of the eastern part of Verkhotursko-Isetskaya zone (Middle Urals) of the Vostochno-Verkhotursky massif within which mineralization of native copper was previously identified. Results. Petrographic, geochemical, and isotope-geochronological studies of the gabbro, diorite and granodiorite massifs were carried out (SiO2–53.97–67.32%, K2O – 1.04–2.65%) and gabbro-diorite dikes occurring among them SiO2 – 54.50-56.50%, K2O – 0.96–1.50%). The predominantly corniferous rocks of the massif belong to a single homodromous calci-alkalic normal-alkalic series of a moderately potassic type. Dyorites of dikes are comagmatic to enclosing rocks. The massif is formed in the abyssal-mesoabyssal conditions of the supra-subduction situation at the continental margin of the zone development. The U-Pb age of the investigated rocks of the massif is determined by zircon (the method of laser ablation) in 339.2 2.8 million years (Carbonic period). The formation of the massif occurred within the tectonic block with the basement of the Proterozoic age of the sialic composition. The presence of high concentrations of F in accessory apatites (up to 3.5–4.2%) at relatively low Cl (up to 0.5%) and SO3 (up to 0.4-0.9%) indicates a possible gold-rare metal specialization of formations. Conclusion. To determine conditions for the formation of the mineralization of native copper among the supra-subduction dioritoids of the Middle Carbonic period, its age, ore-bearing belonging, and scale, it is necessary to further study both the formations of the Vostochno-Verkhotursky massif (including those that underwent secondary alterations) and other dioritoid massifs in the eastern part of the Verkhoturskaya-Isetskaya zone

Based on the experimental research on determining the role of functional groups of the cell wall in the microfungus Penicillium canescens in the process of Pd(II) biogenic precipitation, it is revealed that hydroxyl and, to a lesser degree, amine groups participate in the sorption process in a weakly acidic medium (рН ~ 6), which is the most typical for natural conditions. The role of carboxyl groups under these conditions is not clear. The results obtained are of certain interest for understanding the mechanisms of platinoid mineral formation in organogenic sequences.

The relevance of the study is due to the high prevalence of inflammatory periodontal diseases in patients with cardiovascular pathology. Currently, for the treatment of ischemic heart disease (IHD), statins are used, which, in addition to hypolipidemic action, have anti-inflammatory properties, which can lead to an increase in the pressure of the inflammatory process, not only in heart vessels, but also in paradonte.The aim of the study was to study the effect of prolonged use of statins on the course of inflammatory periodontal diseases in patients with IHD.Materials and methods. A dental examination and study of the quality of life of 122 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) were performed. Surveyed were divided into two groups depending on the duration of receiving lipid-corrective therapy.The results of the study. It has been established that in patients with coronary artery disease who take statins for a long time, the periodontal inflammation activity and the severity of its clinical manifestations are lower than in patients not using lipid-correcting therapy, which was accompanied by improvement in certain parameters of quality of life.

The stomatological status and the measures of oral health-related quality of life in elderly and senile inhabitants of Novosibirsk were researched. The high prevalence and intensity of the major stomatological diseases, the high need for oral cavity sanation and prosthetics in elderly and senile population were found out.Исследован стоматологический статус и показатели качества жизни у жителей пожилого и старческого возраста Новосибирска. Выявлена высокая распространенность, интенсивность основных стоматологических заболеваний, высокая нуждаемость населения пожилого и старческого возраста в санации полости рта и протезировании.

732 A band of layered gabbro intrusions belonging to the Kusa–Kopan Complex is confined to the zone of the Zyuratkul riftogenic fault in the eastern part of the Bashkir Meganticlinorium, where it consists of several massifs (Matkal, Kopan, Medvedevo, Kusa) with the Ryabinovka and Gubenskii granitoid massifs located in the hanging wall (Fig. 1). The gabbro massifs enclose synonymous ilmenite–titanomagnetite deposits of the Urals in the form of stratified series, vein, and lenticu� lar lodes of continuous and disseminated ores, which alternate with gabbroids. These deposits were discov� ered in the 1930s, and since that time their geological structure and composition of ores and host rocks have been studied by many researchers. The primary atten� tion was paid to the most debatable factors responsible for strong lateral variations in the composition of rocks and ores within the complex, represented by horn� blende gabbro and gneiss–granites in the Kusa and Gubenskii massifs and ilmenite–magnetite ores in the Kusa and Medvedevo deposits in the north and by gab� bronorites (Matkal and Kopan massifs), porphyroid granophyric granites (Ryabinovka Massif), and titano� magnetite ores in the south. Some researchers explain such differences in the mineral composition by the influence of superposed metamorphic processes on rocks and ores of the Kusa Massif [1, 2], which occurred substantially after the formation of intru� sions. Our petrological studies performed in recent years revealed that the formation depth of granitoids, gab� broids, and enclosed ores increases along this band in the northerly direction from 3–4 km in the south to 20–30 km in the north. Accordingly, the P–T param� eters of rock and ore formation vary in the same direc� tion: = 0.5–3.0 kbar and T = 900–1100°C in the south (Kopan and Matkal gabbro massifs and associ� ated deposits, Ryabinovka granite massif) and P = 6– 9 kbar and T = 600–900°C in the north (Kusa and Medvedevo gabbro and Gubenskii granite massifs

Gabbro-tonalite-granodiorite-granite (GTGG) plutons productive for gold are suprasubduction intrusive bodies formed at an Andean-type active continental margin 410–380, 365–355, and 320–290 Ma ago. The Devonian plutons are situated in the southeastern marginal continental zone, whereas the Carboniferous plutons occur in the northwestern zone. All GTGG plutons are mantle-crustal. Their formation started with hydrous basic magmatism and was accompanied by such magmatism up to the final stage. Mantle-derived amphibole gabbro and diorite experienced partial melting (anatexis) in the lower crust under a pressure of 6–10 kbar, giving birth to the tonalite-granodiorite members of the GTGG series. The latter, in turn, were involved in anatexis with the formation of adamellite and granite, immediately accompanied by hydrothermal gold mineralization. The multistep anatexis is the main petrogenetic process responsible for the gold resource potential of GTGG plutons. In the process of anatexis occurring under high fluid saturation, gold was repeatedly removed from rocks into fluid, facilitating its concentration in ore deposits.

Existence boundaries, structure, and transport parameters were studied for Bi4V2 − x Cu x/2Ti x/2O11 − x solid solutions. Doping levels within x = 0.025–0.15 distort the C2/m crystal lattice (this lattice is characteristic of individual the Bi4V2O11 phase) and lowers its symmetry to triclinic. The solid solutions with 0.25 ≤ x ≤ 0.30 crystallize in tetragonal space group I4/mmm. High-temperature X-ray diffraction and dilatometry measurements for Bi4V2 − x Cu x/2Ti x/2O11 − x (x ≤ 0.35) solid solutions verified the existence of three structural varieties within 298–1023 K. Electrical conductivity of BICUTIVOX was studied by impedance spectroscopy as a function of temperature, composition, and oxygen partial pressure. Equivalent circuits of cells were analyzed. Features of electrical conductivity versus temperature for the structural varieties are noted. Above 873 K, the solid solutions samples with x = 0.05 have the highest conductivity. At lower temperatures, higher conductivities are in the solid solutions that retain the γ phase in the low-temperature region. The dominant oxygen-ion conduction mechanism was discovered in the solid solutions.

In recent years extensive data have been obtained on all geologically important intrusive complexes in the Central and Southern Urals by U-Pb zircon geochronologic high spatial resolution techniques (LA ICP MS, NORDSIM, and SHRIMP II). This made it possible to revise the current concepts for the magmatic activity of the Ural Paleozoic orogen.

The main stages of the Paleozoic intrusive magmatism in the Urals, 460–420, 415–395, 365–355, 345–330, 320–315, and 290–250 Ma, as well as two virtually amagmatic periods, 375–365 Ma (Frasnian-early Famennian) and 315–300 Ma (Late Carboniferous), are recognized. The Cambrian-Early Ordovician pause predated the onset of igneous activity in the Ural Orogen, while the Early Triassic pause followed by an outburst of trap magmatism postdated this activity. The interval from 460 to 420 Ma is characterized by mantle magma sources that produced ultramafic and mafic primary melts. The dunite-clinopyroxenite-gabbro association of the Platinum Belt and miaskite-carbonatite association are specific derivatives of these melts. The rift-related (?) Tagil Synform functioned at that time. The volcanic-plutonic magmatism in this oldest magmatic zone of the Uralides comprises gabbro, gabbro-granitoid, and gabbro-syenite series and comagmatic volcanic rocks. After a break almost 20 Ma long, this magmatism ended in the Early Devonian (405–400 Ma) with the formation of small K-Na gabbro-granitoid plutons. The magmatic intervals of 415–395, 365–355, and 320–315 Ma are characterized by the mantle-crustal nature. The first interval accompanied obduction of the oceanic lithosphere on the continental crust. The subsequent magmatic episodes presumably were related to the subduction of the island-arc (?) lithosphere beneath the continent and to the collision. The intense granitoid magmatism started 365–355 Ma ago. As in the following interval 320–315 Ma, the tonalite-granodiorite complexes, accompanied by hydrous basic magmatism, were formed. Amphibole gabbro and diorite served as a source of heat and material for the predominant tonalite and granodiorite. The Permian granitic magmatism had crustal sources. Thus, the mantle-derived Ordovician-Middle Devonian magmatism gave way to the mantle-crustal Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous plutonic complexes, while the latter were followed by the crustal Permian granites. This sequence was disturbed by rifting and formation of continental arcs accompanied by specific Early Carboniferous Magnitogorsk gabbro-granitoid series and Early Permian Stepnoe monzodiorite-granite series, which deviate from the general evolutional trend.

A preparative synthetic method for 3-methyl-7-R-hydroxyethylxanthinyl-8-aminoalkanoic acids, potential bioactive compounds and convenient synthons for further synthetic research (synthesis of salts, amides, peptides, hydrazides, ylenhydrazides, esters, etc.), was developed. The spectral characteristics of the synthesized compounds were studied.

A study was made of interaction between AlCl3 and room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) [C8H15N2][N(SO2CF3)2], or BuEtIm-Tf2N, and of anodic dissolution in RTIL of UO2 and of a simulated oxide fuel at 297–302 K, depending on the AlCl3 concentration. It was shown that anodic dissolution of UO2 pellets and a UO2-Al mixture in RTIL yields soluble uranium species. Potentiostatic electrolysis of the resulting solutions can yield uranium compounds at the cathode, though with low current efficiencies. The role of AlCl3 in these processes was suggested. A heterophase reaction between UO2 and AlCl3 was studied, depending on the content of AlCl3 in solution. It was found that the exchange reaction products, soluble uranium species, are accumulated in solution only at the molar ratio AlCl3/Tf2N > 1.

Chemical and electrochemical behavior of some fission elements and components of fuel elements and structural materials in salt melts based on alkali metal chlorides was studied. Possible ways of incorporation of impurity elements into the cathodic deposit were analyzed as influenced by the position of the elements in the electromotive series, current density, and composition of the gaseous phase over the melt. The effect of impurities on electrochemical crystallization of UO2 was evaluated. The composition and structure of the cathodic deposit at formation of solid solutions were studied in relation to the content of impurity elements in the melts.

Murzinka and Dzhabyk are continental-type batholiths of the middle and southern East Uralian domain. They comprise mainly undeformed peraluminous K-rich granites whose elemental composition is similar to some late-Variscan granites of western Europe, but with much more primitive Sr and Nd isotope ratios. Murzinka (254±5 Ma) is composed of silica-rich granites forming two different rock series with a 87Sr/86Srinit of 0.709 and 0.704, respectively. Both series have enormous variations in eNd255 (–11.9 to –0.1 and –8.9 to +4.1) that reveal derivation from heterogeneous sources. Dzhabyk (291±4 Ma) also comprises two coeval magmas which yielded voluminous granites and quartz-monzonites, respectively, with smaller differences in 87Sr/86Srinit and eNd290 (~0.7043, +0.8 to +1.6 and ~0.7049, 0.0 to +0.8). Despite their isotope compositions both batholiths lack evidence of genetic involvement of a mantle-derived parental magma. Moreover, we suggest that Dzhabyk granitoids were generated by polybaric partial melting of Paleozoic island-arc material, whereas Murzinka granitoids derived from an extremely heterogeneous source consisting mainly of Paleozoic and Proterozoic metagreywackes. This implies a relative fast reworking of juvenile arc crust and burial of the protoliths during the orogenic evolution of the Urals. Since there is neither evidence of significant extension, nor a direct link with subduction, we suggest that the main cause for late-orogenic anatexis was elevated heat production and fertility in the protolith, perhaps combined with some additional heat from unexposed mafic intrusions.

Extract from the brain of young mice produced weak cytoproliferative effect on cultured glial cells, while brain extract from old mice 3–4- and 30–60-fold stimulated glial proliferation in primary and passaged cell cultures, respectively.

Using single-zircon stepwise-evaporation 207Pb/206Pb and whole-rock Rb–Sr methods, we have dated the main facies of four Variscan batholiths of the Urals — Syrostan, Verkhisetsk, Murzinka and Dzhabyk — from different geodynamic environments. Syrostan and Verkhisetsk are subduction-related batholiths of the accreted terrains in the west, closely related to the Main Uralian Fault. Syrostan is composed of metaluminous epidote-bearing synkinematic gabbros, diorites and granodiorites (87Sr/86Srinit≈0.7029–0.7035), dated at 333±3 Ma, and postkinematic granites (87Sr/86Srinit≈0.7035–0.7038) dated at 327±2 Ma, whose zircons occasionally have cores with an age of ∼1800 Ma. The presence of these relict zircon cores probably indicates the contribution of Russian Platform materials to subduction-related magmas. Verkhisetsk, 250 km north of Syrostan, comprises deformed amphibole- and epidote-bearing granodiorites (87Sr/86Srinit≈0.7042–0.7044), dated at 318±3 Ma, and undeformed granites (87Sr/86Srinit≈0.7044) that record a long history of recurrent partial melting and crystallization, from ∼310 Ma to ∼275 Ma. Murzinka and Dzhabyk are continental-type batholiths in the east Uralian zone. Dzhabyk, in the southern Urals, postdates the Kartali seismic reflector and is composed of several coeval intrusions of metaluminous monzonites (87Sr/86Srinit≈0.7049) and peraluminous granitoids (87Sr/86Srinit≈0.7043) dated at 291±4 Ma. Murzinka, 600 km north of Dzhabyk, also comprises two coeval intrusions of peraluminous granites with different chemical and isotopic compositions (87Sr/86Srinit≈0.7045 and 0.7093) dated at 254±5 Ma. These data indicate that the age of cessation of movements along the Main Uralian Fault and the transition from subduction to continent–continent collision migrated northwards. The age of granite magmatism also migrated gradually northwards and eastwards, suggesting an oblique convergence with a SE movement of the converging continent, so that the closure of the Uralian palaeo-ocean started in the south and then migrated progressively northwards.

This paper is an attempt to summarize current knowledge of Uralian magmatism, focusing on those aspects relevant for understanding its geodynamic evolution. The Urals consist of three tectonomagmatic domains: a Suture Sector, in the west, and two N–S imbricated Island-Arc Continental Sectors in the east. The Suture Sector comprises lower Palaeozoic mafic-ultramafic complexes which show eastward impoverishment in LILE, thus reflecting the transition of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle of the Russian plate to the suboceanic lithospheric mantle of the subducted Uralian palaeo-ocean. The two Island-Arc Continental Sectors represent the transition from oceanic to continental environments in the middle and south Urals. Collisional magmatism started in the Silurian and persisted till the Permian, migrating progressively eastward and increasing in abundance of LILE and 87 Sr 86 Sr initial . Magmatic polarity is very similar to that of modern subduction zones and indicates that the subducted slab was dipping eastward during that period. The Northern and Southern Island-Arc Continental Sectors show many similarities regarding the nature and spatial-temporal distribution of magmatism, but there are also some important differences which probably indicate somewhat different geodynamic regimes. In the Northern Sector, Carboniferous tonalite-granodiorite batholiths have features compatible with an origin by melting of the oceanic crust in the subducted slab. In the Southern Sector, however, Carboniferous tonalite-granodiorite batholiths have features more consistent with a melting event within the lower continental crust above the subduction zone than with melting within the subducted slab. Upper Carboniferous-Permian granites have high 87 Sr 86 Sr initial in the north (e.g., 0.7120 in the Murzinka batholith) but very low 87 Sr 86 Sr initial in the south (e.g., 0.7045 in the Dzhabyk batholith) in spite of rocks from both batholiths being equally peraluminous and showing evidence of derivation by anatexis of metasediments. The low 87 Sr 86 Sr initial at Dzhabyk might indicate that in the Southern Sector the accretionary prism grew very rapidly, thus allowing involvement in upper Palaeozoic melting events.

Outcomes of different modifications of top-hat keratoplasty were assessed in 48 patients (48 eyes) with bullous keratopathy. In the 1st group manual top-hat keratoplasty was performed in 7 patients. 30 patients of the 2nd group underwent manual half-top-hat keratoplasty. In the 3rd group femtosecond laser-assisted top-hat keratoplasty was performed in 11 patients. All keratoplasty techniques used in the study provide high rate of clear graft retention. Manual half-top-hat keratoplasty is technically easier compared to manual top-hat keratoplasty though having similar outcomes and does not require the use of any additional equipment. Femtosecond laser-assisted top-hat keratoplasty allows to achieve superior optical results, trephination is performed promptly and with minimal tissue trauma. This new keratoplasty technique is a promising procedure and requires further detailed investigations.

The results of different techniques of automated endothelial keratoplasty (EKP) performed in 72 patients with bullous keratopathy are estimated. Automated EKP with superficial flap was performed in 18 patients (1st group), Descemet stripping automated EKP (DSAEK) - in 26 patients (2nd group), Descemet stripping automated EKP (DSAEK) with thin grafts - in 20 patients (3rd group), Descemet membrane automated EKP with stromal rim (DMAEK) - in 8 patients (4th group). According to our results DSAEK with thin grafts is indicated to elderly patients with severe ocular disease (ocular comorbidities, repeated surgery, advanced keratopathy). DSAEK is a promising surgical technique allowing to achieve the best functional results. Nevertheless this procedure is technically challenging and is good for relatively functionally "preserved" patient groups.

The results of vital confocal microscopy (VCM) of 5 patients with early postoperative bullous keratopathy after cataract phakoemulsification (PE) treated with author's technique of personalized cell therapy (PCT, intracameral injection of activated patient's leukocytes in autologous serum) are presented. In 3 of all presented cases endothelial loss after PE was more than 50%. Before PCT using of VCM was not possible due to corneal edema. After 2-3 PCT sessions corneal clarity recovery was observed and signs of regenerative processes in cornea were captured by VCM: activation of keratocytes (hyperreflective nuclei) and endothelial cells (multinucleated cells), descemet membrane folds smoothening, normalization of epithelium. Results of VCM correlate with biomicroscopic signs of corneal edema resolution, corneal clarity recovery, improvement of visual acuity after PCT.

The effects of cisplatin on [Ca 2+ ] in , pH in , NAD(P)H level, and lymphocyte membrane microviscosity were studied in mice with Ehrlich ascitic carcinoma. The level of free [Ca 2+ ] in in lymphocytes from mice with Ehrlich ascitic carcinoma was 4-fold reduced compared to that in intact animals on day 13 of tumor development, while [H + ] in level was elevated. Cisplatin caused no changes in the level of free Ca2+, but reduced cytosol acidification. Lymphocyte membrane fluidity in mice with tumors was increased in the lipid bilayer and in the proteinlipid contact zone and did not depend on cisplatin treatment. The level of NAD(P)H was low in mice with tumors, but increased sharply after cisplatin treatment. It seems that functional activity of lymphocytes decreased at the stage of well-developed tumor, which promoted inhibition of the lymphocyte defense properties. Cisplatin did not modify the structure and functions of lymphocytes and presumably even improved their energy status.

The characteristics of morphofunctional status of cornea after extracapsular cataract extraction and phakoemulsification with IOL implantation (30 and 58 operations respectively) were analyzed in detail using up-to-date diagnostic techniques. The results of examination using developed algorithm including study of light transmission, refraction and protective function of cornea show advantage of microinvasive ultrasound technique of cataract surgery in terms of minimal impact on corneal structure, optical and biomechanical characteristics.

A case of painful bullous keratopathy (PBK) treated using author's procedure of anterior stromal puncture (ASP) combined with amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) is presented. ASP combined with AMT can be effective option for pain relief and promotion of epithelial healing in patients with PBK and poor visual potential.

Recurrent corneal erosion (CE) is a common anterior eye disease, which usually occurs after injury, substantially limits a patient's ability to work, and is intractable. The authors single out an individual form of CE herpetic CE (HCE) on the basis of immunofluorescence assay of a conjunctival scrape, which shows the high concentration of herpes simplex virus antigen in 53% of CE cases. Confocal microscopy revealed epithelocyte polymorphism and basement membrane defects. The treatment of patients with HCE involved 2 steps: 1) relief of acute signs of the disease via drug therapy, rapid local autocyte cinotherapy (RLACCT), or phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) and 2) prevention of recurrences. For this the authors developed a method based on the systemic use of a new composition of the intradermal herpes vaccine Vitaherpavac in combination with the subcutaneous interferon inducer Poludan. RLACCT was found to be the most effective medical treatment for CE and PTK was the most effective surgical one. Vaccination with the concurrent subcutaneous injection of Poludan is an effective method in preventing recurrent HCE. During a follow-up of 2 years or more, 81% of the patients achieved clinical resolution; there was a decrease in recurrence rates and severity in 15.1% and no effect in 3.8%.

On the basis of an earlier model of chemical carcinogenesis, the antitumor activity of the mono-, bi- and poly-nuclear ferrocene derivatives ferricenium tri-iodide (1), ferricenium tetrachloroferrate (2), 1, 1′-diethylferricenium triiodide: (3), N-(ferrocenylmethyl)hexamethylenetetramine tetrafluoroborate (4), bis(ferrocenylmethyl)benzotriazolium tetrafluoroborate (5), bis(ferrocenyl-α-ethyl)benzotriazolium tetrafluoroborate (6) and bis(ferrocenylmethyl)-2-methylbenzimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (7), and the oligomer (—Fc—CH2—Fc+˙—CH2—)7–8− (PF6)7–8 (8) was studied in vivo (FcC10H8Fe). The tumor models studied included MCH-11 (mouse sarcoma induced by methylcholantrene), P-815 (mouse mastocytoma of DBA/2 origin) and virus-induced Raucher leukemia (RLV). The cytotoxic effects of these preparations were examined against in vitro cultured normal murine cells (line L-929). The binuclear ferrocene derivatives 5, 6 and 7 inhibited the development of experimental tumors in mice. Ferricenium tri-iodide (1) was effective in Rauscher leukemia. Kinetic dependencies for most complexes had a two-phase character: the region of inhibition of tumorogenesis was followed by a region in which the complexes accelerated the development of this process. The link between the structure of compounds 1–8 and their antitumor effects is discussed.

The review provides data on current methods for evaluating the anatomic and functional status of the cornea (light refraction, light transmission, and biomechanical properties, in particular). It analyzes the main advantages and disadvantages of basic (biomicroscopy, endothelial microscopy, ophthalmometry, topography, and pachymetry) and special (confocal microscopy, optical coherence tomography, ultrasound biomicroscopy, aberrometry, bidirectional corneal applanation, and keratoesthesiometry) studies.

Based on the annual reports of Moscow tuberculosis dispensaries, the analysis of their follow-up of dispensary registration group VI patients, the authors have developed preventive chemotherapy regimens in relation to the specific features of tuberculin sensitivity, the presence or absence of additional risk factors (concomitant somatic diseases, social risk factors). Regimen I (1 antituberculous drug (isoniazid) for 3 months) may be used in dispensary registration groups VIA and VIB patients without additional risk factors. Regimen II (2 antituberculous drugs (isoniazid + pyrazinamide/ethambutol) for 3 months) may be employed in dispensary registration groups VIA and VIB patients with additional risk factors, as well as in children from dispensary registration group VIB, whether additional risk factors are present or absent. A repeated course of preventive chemotherapy regimen II is indicated when tuberculin sensitivity is increased or a hyperergic reaction is retained after termination of treatment in patients having additional risk factors.

The reaction of the naphthalene complex of ytterbium, [Yb(DME)2]2(μ-C10H8), with 2,2′-bipyridine in 1,2-dimethoxyethane afforded the YbII complex containing the 2,2′-bipyridine radical anion. The resulting complex YbI(bipy)(DME)2 was characterized by IR and ESR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and magnetochemistry.

A study aimed at assessing the efficiency of presbyopia correction by bifocal contact lenses (BCL) was undertaken; it envisaged a comprehensive evaluation of subjective data provided by patients and measurements of a number of functional parameters of the visual quality for far and near, including mono- and binocular measurements with BCL of different constructions versus a maximal sphero-cylindrical spectacle correction for far and for near. Soft Acuvue Bifocal BCL as well as soft and rigid BCL manufactured in the optical-and-mechanical laboratory of the Research Institute for Eye Disease of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences and Russian-made and imported bifocal soft and rigid lenses, respectively, were made use of in the study. A reduced contrast sensitivity (mainly in high frequencies) to 7% with Russian-made BCL, to 12.5% with Acuvue Bifocal BCL, to 8.7% with monofocal BCL and to 13.4% with the "mono-vision" system was registered. A decreased visual working ability to 13% with soft bifocal Russian-made BCL, to 17.3% with Acuvue Bifocal BCL and to 20.7% with the "mono-vision" system was detected versus the spectacle correction. A reduction by 25% was noted in the stereoscopic vision indices with the "mono-vision" system. A study of sensitivity to dazzling did not show any statistically reliable differences between various correction types.

A conventional ophthalmologic and special somatic examination was carried out in 50 patients with myopia and 30 patients of the control group to determine hypermobility of joints by 9-point scale. Hypermobility of joints in patients with myopia was estimated at 5.95 points and in patients in the control group--2.7 points. All the patients with high myopia showed 12 various additional features of connective tissue hyperelasticity, on the average, with no more than 4 such features in the control group. It is suggested that hereditary predisposition to hyperelasticity of connective tissue determines a particular inclination of the sclera to overextension. This plays a definite role in appearance and progress of axial myopia.

Clinical and anatomo-hemodynamic features of adult patients with incomplete form of the open atrioventricular canal are presented, policy of surgical treatment and optimal degree of surgical intervention on mitral valve are determined. The study of variant anatomy of the defect, revealed two variants of left atrioventricular valve formation (with "functional" and with "anatomical" septal commissure). In the first anatomic variant the mitral insufficiency was hemodynamically important and required surgical correction. In the second variant, the mitral valve had good closure function, that permitted to avoid the routine suturing of anterior velum's splitting.

The experiments with AKR mice, that are carriers of the T-cell leukemia virus showed their higher radiosensitivity as compared to (CBA x C57Bl)F1 mice in respect of survival and hemopoietic status. The regular patterns observed are presumed to result from lower ability of AKR mice to repair radiation damage and provide resistance to infections.

The influence of microorganisms on the course of tumor processes in laboratory animals was studied. The study revealed that the inoculation of Bordetella pertussis decreased survival time both in mice with implanted mastocytoma cells P-815 and in Syrian golden hamsters with implanted transformed hamster fibroblastomas. The smallpox vaccine virus was found to stimulate the development of virus-induced Rauscher leukosis in mice. The mechanisms of the co-carcinogenic action of microorganisms is discussed.

Twenty patients were examined before and after orthotopic transplantation of the heart. The significance of x-ray examination of donors to ascertain brain death was demonstrated. The possibility of x-ray examination of recipients is analyzed. X-Ray criteria of prognostically unfavorable signs for cardiologis patients are defined. The x-ray picture before and after transplantation of the heart was studied. Possible complications in the immediate posttransplantation period are analyzed, as are the potentialities of x-ray detection of chronic crisis of transplanted heart rejection.