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This study investigated if revenue from the oil sector displaced the export of manufactures in oil-rich African countries over the period from 2000 to 2020. Using the panel ARDL model, findings indicate that in the short run, oil rents had an insignificant positive impact on the export of manufactures for all countries sampled. However, in the long run, the impact was positive. The short run results for the individual countries revealed that oil rents improved the export of manufactures for Nigeria and Ghana, while the impact for Libya, Algeria and Gabon was adverse. The study therefore concludes that the displacement of the export of manufactures by the proceeds from oil occurred at country-specific levels in the selected oil-rich African countries. Consequently, the study suggests that rents from oil in these countries should be used to develop facilities that encourage the development of the manufacturing sector.

Effective internal control is crucial for prevention of fraud, mismanagement, inadequate declaration of accounting information, company closure and bankruptcy in both public and cooperate organisations. This study examines the effectiveness of internal control in the Awgu local government area of Enugu state, Nigeria in order to provide an understanding of the problems inherent and suggest solutions. The findings reveal that there is absence of effective internal control over financial procedures as a result of inadequate segregation of duties and lack of verification of receipt issued to customers. The following recommendations were made to curb the absence of effective internal control on financial procedures: provision of mandatory training and induction for all staff on the penalties for misconducts and inappropriate behaviours as well dissemination of information through company policies and procedures. Establishment of independent disciplinary and monitoring office to enforce sanction and legal action on staff that do not comply with policies and procedures. &nbsp