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Under the background of digital era, the popularization of computer and the development of information technology make the digital technology promote the improvement of art design education level, create efficient working mode and derive new design form. This paper discusses the connotation of art design and creative thinking, expounds the development of art design education in the digital era in China, and finally makes a theoretical summary. Holographic three-dimensional display technology can completely reproduce the amplitude and phase information of object light wave, which is the most ideal three-dimensional display technology pursued by people all the time. With the rapid development of computer technology and photoelectric imaging devices, the traditional optical holography can be developed to digital. In recent years, virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have become a research hotspot. In holographic display, many mixed scene display schemes based on digital holographic recording of real objects and computer generated holograms of virtual objects have been proposed, and good display results have been achieved.

Standing wave acoustic levitation utilizes the acoustic radiation forces generated by standing wave to hold samples against gravity. Among them, ultrasonic levitation using phased arrays has good application prospects. The principle of standing wave acoustic levitation is analyzed, and the experimental scheme of acoustic levitation using phased arrays is designed to evaluate the performance of ultrasonic levitator. The distribution of sound pressure between two arrays are approximately hourglass-shaped in space, and experimental results show that with the increase of the number of transducers, the suspension ability increases further,. The experiment of liquid droplet suspension further verifies the relationship between the voltage of excitation signal and the acoustic pressure. With the increase of the voltage of the excitation signal, the acoustic pressure amplitude increases gradually. The acoustic levitation using phased arrays is stable and insensitive to temperature, and can effectively improve the levitation ability.

The Digital Projection Speckle Correlation Method (DPSCM) is a non-contact full-field optical 3D profile and deformation measurement technique, which combines with 2D Digital Image Correlation Method (DICM), using LCD projector to produce random speckle that is projected on the surface of the sample.In this paper,the 3D profile and deformation measurement experiment of large-scale objects is finished by DPSCM,and the factor which influences the result of experiment is also discussed

Digital Projection Speckle Correlation Method is a new technique of 3D morphology measurements based on Digital Speckle Correlation Method.In this paper,cantilever beam deflection concentrated load is measured well by DPSCM,which reflects effectiveness of the method.

A new high-frequency magnetic diagnostic system is designed, installed, and calibrated in the Sino-United Spherical Tokamak (SUNIST) to investigate Alfven waves (AWs). The system consists of a fixed toroidal array and a movable radial array of high-frequency magnetic probes (HFMPs) with 21 and 60 probes, respectively. Based on the method of vacuum enameled wire wound on ceramic bobbins, the fixed toroidal array is located as near as possible to the plasma and carefully shielded to reduce the attenuation of high-frequency magnetic field. Meanwhile, by using the technology of commercial chip inductors mounted on printed circuit boards, the movable radial array is inserted into a thin quartz tube that allows positioning along radial direction. A Helmholtz coil is utilized to calibrate the effective areas as well as the frequency response of each HFMP. The calibration results are consistent with the calculated results of an equivalent probe-and-cable circuit model. High-frequency magnetic signals related to AW are detected with these HFMPs. These HFMPs are expected to play a key role in analyzing Alfven eigenmodes excited by AW antenna in the SUNIST.

A novel coherent Doppler lidar (CDL) system based on single-mode fiber (SMF) components and instruments is presented to measure the speed of target. A fiber interferometer used in CDL system is reported. This fiber mixer is employed as a coherent receiver to resolve the shifts of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and mixing efficiency induced by backscattered field's wavefront error. For a certain wavelength, the maximum coupling efficiency between signal and SMF is determined by the ratio of pupil diameter to focal length of the coupling lens. The legible interference patterns and spectrum signals show that fiber interferometer is suitable to compensate for amplitude and phase vibrations. This robust coherent receiver can achieve improved CDL system performance with less transmitter power.

To analyze the relationship of K-ras mutation with the development of liver metastasis in colorectal cancer patients and the survival outcomes.From 2003 to 2008, 300 patients who underwent colorectal cancer surgery in the Department of General Surgery of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University were assigned to different groups, according to the diagnosis and follow-up results. The mutation of exon 2 of K-ras was detected in primary paraffin-embedded lesions by PCR and Pyrosequencing. The association of gene mutation with the development of liver metastasis and its prognosis was studied.Among 300 cases, the mutations of exon 2 were present in 120 cases(40%). The G13D mutation was more common in metachronous metastasis group than that in synchronous group(17.0% vs. 8.0%, P=0.041). Multivariable regression analysis showed that G13D mutation was an independent risk factor(HR=1.108, 95%CI:1.032-5.062, P=0.048) for metachronous metastasis. Patients with mutated K-ras had a poorer overall survival compared to those without mutated K-ras for patients without liver metastasis(median overall, 65 vs. 72 months, P=0.039), and for patients who received metastasis resection(median disease-free survival 18 vs. 24 months, P=0.048). Multivariable analysis showed that K-ras mutation was an independent risk factors of overall survival(HR=1.561, 95%CI:1.022-6.422, P=0.045) in patients without liver metastasis.Detection of K-ras mutation may predict the development of liver metastasis and prognosis.

Aim Safety and survival were investigated in patients treated according to expanded surgical indications for colorectal hepatic metastases. Method A retrospective analysis of all consecutive patients who underwent resection of colorectal hepatic metastases at Zhongshan Hospital from 2000 to 2010 was conducted. The patients were divided into two groups based on a change in the surgical indications introduced in 2005. Patients in Group I underwent hepatic surgery between 2000 and 2004 and those in Group II between 2005 and 2010. The clinicopathological data and survival rates of both groups were analysed. Results There were 530 patients who underwent hepatic surgery between 2000 and 2010. After the expansion of surgical indications, the rate of surgical resection rose from 25.1 to 35.1% (P

To compare the enhanced recovery program after surgery (ERAS) with conventional perioperative management in patients undergoing radical resection for colorectal cancer.The ERAS protocol included a combination of evidence-based and consensus methodology. A total of 597 consecutive patients undergoing elective colorectal resection were randomized to either the ERAS(n=299) or the control group(n=298). Outcomes related to nutrition and metabolism index, stress index, and recovery index were measured and recorded.Demographics and operative parameters were similar between the two groups(P0.05). The nutritional status of patients in the ERAS group was improved after surgery compared with that of the control group. On postoperative day (POD) 1, the HOMA-IR in the ERAS group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P0.01). The cortisol level in the control group was elevated on both POD 1(P0.01) and POD 5(P0.01) compared to the preoperative level. However, the cortisol level was not increased until POD 5(P0.01) in the ERAS group. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ were reduced in the ERAS group, indicating less postoperative stress responses compared with the control group. In addition, ERAS group was associated with accelerated recovery of gastrointestinal function. The postoperative length of stay [(5.7±1.6) d vs. (6.6±2.4) d, P0.01] and expense[(15 998±2655) RMB vs. (17 763±3059) RMB, P0.01] were reduced in the ERAS group. Twenty-eight patients(9.4%) in the control group and 29(9.7%) in the ERAS group developed complications, while the difference was not statistically significant(P0.05).ERAS protocol alleviates surgical stress response and accelerates postoperative recovery without compromising patient safety.

The aim of this trial was to compare the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program with conventional perioperative management in patients who underwent radical resection for colorectal cancer. A combination of evidence-based and consensus methodology was used to develop the ERAS protocol. Five hundred ninety-seven consecutive patients who underwent elective colorectal resection were randomized to either the ERAS (n = 299) or the control group (n = 298). Outcomes relating to nutrition and metabolism index, stress index, and recovery index were measured and recorded. Demographic and operative data were similar between the two groups. Patients in the ERAS group showed improved nutritional status when compared with those of the control group. On postoperative day (POD) 1, the HOMA-IR (insulin resistance index) of the ERAS group was lower than that of the control group (p

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) decreased the synthesis of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in rabbit costal chondrocytes in culture, but did not stimulate the release of GAG from cell layers. Like chondrocytes cultured in control medium, chondrocytes cultured in the presence of TNF alpha produced putative "cartilage-specific" proteoglycans identified by density gradient centrifugation under dissociative conditions. Although TNF alpha decreased the synthesis of the proteoglycans, it did not change their monomeric size, which is a marker of cartilage phenotypes. Moreover, TNF alpha did not affect the responsiveness to parathyroid hormone, insulin-like growth factor I, or transforming growth factor beta, which is known to stimulate GAG synthesis in cultured chondrocytes. TNF alpha decreased the alkaline phosphatase activity in the chondrocytes dose dependently. On the other hand, it stimulated their DNA synthesis slightly, but significantly. The stimulatory effect of TNF alpha on DNA synthesis was potentiated by fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and fetal bovine serum. These findings suggest that in the presence of hormones and growth factors, TNF alpha promotes the proliferation of chondrocytes while suppressing their further differentiation at the stage of synthesis of cartilage-specific proteoglycans.

Both insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-II increased the synthesis of cartilage-type, large proteoglycan in a human chondrosarcoma-derived chondrocyte cell line, HCS-2/8. In contrast to the stimulatory effects of IGFs on costal chondrocytes of the young rabbit, the stimulatory effect of IGF-II on proteoglycan synthesis in HCS-2/8 cells was more potent than that of IGF-I. IGF-II, but not IGF-I, increased calcium influx into HCS-2/8 cells, and there was a close relation between the stimulation of proteoglycan synthesis and the calcium influx. [125I]IGF-I bound to HCS-2/8 cells, and this binding was competitively inhibited by low concentrations of unlabeled IGF-I, higher concentrations of IGF-II, and much higher concentrations of insulin. [125I]IGF-II also bound to the cells, and its binding was competitively inhibited by IGF-II and slightly inhibited by higher concentrations of IGF-I and much higher concentrations of insulin. When radioligand-receptor complexes were separated by SDS-PAGE and subjected to autoradiography, two major bands at 260 and 130 kDa were observed, which correspond to the IGF type II receptor (IGF-IIR) and the alpha subunit of the IGF type I receptor (IGF-IR), indicating the presence of both receptors. When confluent cultures of HCS-2/8 cells were maintained in serum-free medium, proteoglycan synthesis did not decrease unless the medium was repeatedly replaced. Conditioned medium of HCS-2/8 cells stimulated the HCS-2/8 cells to synthesize proteoglycans. RIA revealed that the cells produced both IGF-II and IGF-I. Transcripts of messenger RNAs of both IGF-I and IGF-II and both IGF-IR and IGF-IIR also were detectable by Northern analysis. Both anti-IGF-IR antibody and anti-IGF-II antibody inhibited proteoglycan synthesis. Mannose-6-phosphate, which is known to bind to IGF-IIR, stimulated proteoglycan synthesis, potentiated IGF-II-stimulated proteoglycan synthesis, and enhanced the binding affinity for IGF-II but not for IGF-I. Even in the presence of anti-IGF-IR antibody, IGF-II and mannose-6-phosphate stimulated proteoglycan synthesis in the cells. [Leu27]IGF-II, an IGF-II analogue with high affinity only for IGF-IIR, strongly stimulated proteoglycan synthesis in HCS-2/8 cells but [Arg54, Arg55]IGF-II, which binds to only IGF-IR, also stimulated proteoglycan synthesis in the cells. These findings indicate that IGF-I and IGF-II act as autocrine differentiation factors for this chondrocytic permanent cell line, HCS-2/8, mainly via respective receptors.

Background This study was carried out to assess the effect of cetuximab plus chemotherapy in first-line treatment of unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CLM). Methods After resection of the primary focus, patients from Zhongshan Hospital with non-resectable synchronous liver-limited metastases from wild-type KRAS colorectal cancer were randomly assigned to receive chemotherapy (FOLFIRI or mFOLFOX6) plus cetuximab (arm A) or chemotherapy alone (arm B). The primary end point was the rate of secondary resection for liver metastases. Secondary end points included tumor response, survival and BRAF analysis. Results From June 2008 to December 2011, 116 patients were assessable (59 in arm A and 57 in arm B). The 3-year overall survival (OS) rate and median survival time (MST) of the total patients was 32% and 27.5 months, respectively. The R0 resection rate for liver metastases was 30.5% (18/59) in arm A and 8.8% (5/57) in arm B, with significant difference (P Conclusions For initially unresectable CLM with KRAS wild-type, cetuximab combined with chemotherapy could improve resectability of liver metastases, response rates and survival compared with chemotherapy alone. The mutation status of the BRAF gene may be a predictor of outcome in the cetuximab group (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01564810).

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptors on cultured rabbit costal chondrocytes were demonstrated using HPLC-purified, radioiodinated [Nle8,-Nle18, Tyr34] bovine PTH-(1-34)amide. PTH binding was found to be specific for PTH agonists and antagonists and dependent on the time and temperature of incubation. Both growth cartilage (GC) cells and resting cartilage (RC) cells were shown to have a single class of saturable, high affinity PTH binding sites with a dissociation constant of 0.6-0.7 nM. However, the numbers of receptors per cell were approximately 49,000 on GC cells and 19,000 on RC cells. After crosslinking the receptors on these cells with the radioligand, one, major 125I-labeled band of 76 kDa was separated by SDS-PAGE.