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Haematospermia, even though alarming, is usually benign and self-limiting, especially in a sexually active male. Nevertheless recurrent, refractory or painful haematospermia is troublesome and warrants thorough evaluation. In this context, we describe a rare case of recurrent haematospermia whereby evaluation revealed haemorrhage in seminal vesicle cysts and consequently established the aetiology of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Objectives: Anemia is a global problem of immense health significance affecting persons of all ages and economic groups. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common type of anemia met with in clinical practice. For IDA diagnosis, estimation and treatment, many indices such as serum iron (SI), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), serum ferritin (SF), and soluble transferrin receptor assay are used. But reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) is called as the gold standard for diagnosing IDA as it is the most valuable screening tool for identifying IDA with a sensitivity of 94% and specificity 80% and differentiates IDA from anemia of systemic disease. The present study was undertaken to evaluate CHr as a most efficient marker in diagnosing IDA. Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of General Medicine of M.K.C.G. Medical College and hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India, from October 2017 to October 2019. Sixty microcytic hypochromic patients of either sex >18 years of age admitted in the medicine ward fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study. After taking detailed history and clinical examination, laboratory investigations including complete blood count, SI, serum, ferritin, serum transferrin saturation, TIBC, CHr, and bone marrow aspiration with iron stain were done in all patients. Results: In the study group of 60 patients, 10 (16.66%) patients had mild anemia, 17 (28.33%) had moderate anemia, and 33 (55%) had severe anemia. Mean hemoglobin of the patients was 6.86 g/dL and SD was 1.95 g/dL. Nineteen (31.66% patients) had TIBC in the range of 351–400 μg/dl. Mean±SD of serum TIBC was 333.91±67.26 μg/dL. Thirty-nine patients (65%) had transferrin saturation in the range of 0.1–10%. The mean±SD of the study group was 13.68±3.22%. Fifty (83.33%) patients had SF in the range of 0–100 μg/dL. Twenty-three patients (38.33%) had CHr concentration between 15.1 and 20 pg followed by 19 (31.66%) between 20.1 and 25 pg and 18 (30%) between 25.1 and 30 pg. The mean±SD of this study was 22.14 pg±3.92. Conclusion: CHr is found to be a potential biomarker that can be used to differentiate IDA from other causes of anemia.

Brain signal research occupies a special position in recent biomedical research in recent times. In this work, the authors try to develop a model for monitoring the EEG signal of the patient. It is the extrinsic application of the system identification problem. The Random Vector functional link network (RVFLN) model as the variant of Neural Network, is proposed for the dynamic modeling of a practical system. RVFLN is a fast-learning feed-forward network and does not need iterative tuning that reduces the model's computational complexity and faster training performance. The model is verified with Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal for identification so that it is well suitable for tracking and monitoring systems for patients. The performance of RVFLN is compared with existing models. From the result analysis, it is found that the performance of the proposed RVFLN is most impressive with an efficiency of 99.86%.

Jharkhand is a highly multi-lingual Indian state, which is home to at least 33 indigenous communities, who speak around 20 mother languages. The new state used to experience the highest dropout of children at primary level in India. The author set up a research centre on children’s languages, M-TALL Akhra. The mother-language based centre focused on research and innovation in language and education. It conducted a state wide linguistic survey, which revealed that 96 percent children in the state spoke in indigenous languages, which are very different from the school’s Hindi language. Children failed to understand the language of textbooks, teachers and examination. Hence, they left school. M-TALL Akhra developed bilingual picture dictionaries in 9 indigenous languages for children in early grades. Then ‘Bhasha Puliya’ (language bridge) with content for pre-school education was developed. The piloting enabled around 80% children to acquire desired school readiness. It led to expansion of the programme to 7,200 pre-school education centres. Finally, it was upscaled across the board with improvised contents. Then M-TALL Akhra developed culture sensitive primary textbooks in 16 indigenous languages in five scripts. These textbooks, published in 7 languages since 2016, are used by indigenous children in around a thousand schools. A second linguistic survey was conducted recently by M-TALL Akhra for the state to design a foundational literacy numeracy (FLN) roadmap for children as desired under the National Education Policy, 2022., Research Article

Pre-equilibrium reaction kinetics enable the overall rate of a catalytic reaction to be orders of magnitude faster than the rate-determining step. Herein, we demonstrate how pre-equilibrium kinetics can be applied to breaking the linear free-energy relationship (LFER) for electrocatalysis, leading to rate enhancement 5 orders of magnitude and lowering of overpotential to approximately thermoneutral. This approach is applied to pre-equilibrium formation of a metal-hydride intermediate to achieve fast formate formation rates from CO2 reduction without loss of selectivity (i.e., H2 evolution). Fast pre-equilibrium metal-hydride formation, at 108 M-1 s-1, boosts the CO2 electroreduction to formate rate up to 296 s-1. Compared with molecular catalysts that have similar overpotential, this rate is enhanced by 5 orders of magnitude. As an alternative comparison, overpotential is lowered by ∼50 mV compared to catalysts with a similar rate. The principles elucidated here to obtain pre-equilibrium reaction kinetics via catalyst design are general. Design and development that builds on these principles should be possible in both molecular homogeneous and heterogeneous electrocatalysis.

The quality of service (QoS) component in a mobile ad-hoc network has an active role in the current network scenario. In a dynamic mobile ad hoc network, ensuring optimum QoS with a scarce network resource is a significant challenge. To achieve QoS, it is essential to adopt some effective and efficient mechanisms. We have proposed an adaptive bandwidth manager model (ABMM) which uses a bandwidthsharing concept along with the flexible bandwidth reservation algorithm (FBRA) for an effective, quick and authentic data transfer. During real-time data transfer, to make communication effective, we make use of bandwidth-sharing network design problems and the concept of reserving bandwidth in high-performance networks. In our proposed model we are concentrating on the maximum utilization of resources, and using the scheduling concept to provide the minimum required bandwidth guarantee to QoS flows. Our goal is to reduce the delay in data transfer and enhance the throughput while properly utilizing the system resources. Our simulation result also shows that our model improves the network performance.

In this article we mostly focused on the best approach and management of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak or rhinorrhoea, Nowadays the best approach for cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea management is the nasal endoscopy approach i.e., because of less morbidity and high success rate in this which is detailed explained in this review literature. CSF rhinorrhoea can be treated by various types of approaches but the most successful and less morbidity approach is the endoscopic method.

SARC virus, Coronavirus, Ebola and bird flu have all caused pandemics in the last few decades. Most of these diseases spread through the air when someone coughs, sneezes or even talks. The government makes citizens wear masks. Furthermore, all academic activities are conducted in virtual mode as a result of this predicament, making taking attendance of pupils difficult while they are wearing masks on their faces. To overcome this issue, the proposed work will track a student’s attendance while using ResNext-101 in a virtual classroom setting. ResNext-101, a deep learning technique, is used on masked faces in this work and it is a good model for accurately detecting masked faces. By using the Gaussian data augmentation approach, the outcome reveals a level of accuracy of 51.70 percent with a loss of 1.9452.

An oxoiron(iv) cation radical is generated upon two-electron oxidation of an iron(iii) complex bearing an electron-rich methoxy substituted bTAML framework and characterized via multiple spectroscopic techniques and density functional theory (DFT).

A refugee is a person who is forced to leave his or her home country due to war, violence or persecution and seeks safety by crossing public borders, with no intention of returning home. The number of refugees has increased due to major crises around the world as the conflict in Syria, Afghanistan and South Sudan, etc. In Mohsin Hamid’s Exit West, the impact of refugees is explored, with a focus on the challenges of exile such as language barriers, racism, financial difficulties and ongoing health of a young couple, Saeed and Nadia, as they flee their country due to civil war and start a new life through magic doors. The major themes in the novel are refugees, migration and terrorism. The advantages of refugees include economic growth, new ideas and artistic imandpact, but it also brings social, economical, political problems. Exit West by Mohsin Hamid is a book that sheds insight on the current global refugee issues. The book was released in the year of 2017.

The objective of the present study is to evaluate the optimum dietary carbohydrate level of M. gulio fry, which will form the basis for formulating the nutritionally adequate, cost-effective nursery diet. Five iso-proteinous (400 g kg-1 diet) and iso-lipidic (120 g kg-1 diet) semi-purified diets with 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 g carbohydrate kg-1 diet were fed ad libitum to Mystus gulio fry (0.33 ± 0.004 g) for 90 days in triplicates (10 fish/replicate). Fifteen fibre-reinforced plastic tanks (50 L) with flow-through system (water flow rate of 0.5 L min-1) were used for rearing the fish. At the end of the feeding period, the diet containing 200 g kg-1 carbohydrate diet had significantly higher (P = .05) weight gain (8.39 g), Specific Growth Rate (SGR; 3.62 %/day), Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER; 1.52), Protein Productive Value (PPV; 24.08%), Lipid Productive Value (LPV; 27.13%), Energy Productive Value (EPV; 66.89%) and lower Food Conversion Ratio (FCR; 1.65) as compared to other diet fed groups. The fish fed with carbohydrate beyond 200 g kg-1 diet had significantly higher (P = .05) Hepatosomatic index (HIS) and Visecerosomatic index (VSI) than the lower carbohydrate fed groups. Second order polynomial regression analysis of weight gain, SGR, FCR, PER and PPV against the dietary carbohydrate had showed that the optimum dietary carbohydrate requirement of M. gulio fry is 197.8-207.3 g kg-1 diet.

A long-term field experiment was started in the campus of College of Agriculture, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha since kharif 2010 in a randomized block design with 08 treatments and three replications under a cereal-vegetable-pulse cropping system. Different observations on plant and soil parameters were taken during kharif 2018 to evaluate the performance of the test crop towards different package and practices followed. The test crop was Knol-khol, the 25th crop in the sequence. The treatments were T1: Control, T2: Soil Test Dose (STD), T3: STD + Farm Yard Manure (F), T4: STD + Vermicompost (VC), T5: STD + F + Biofertilizers (BFs), T6: STD + VC + BFs, T7: STD + F + L + BFs, and T8: STD + VC + L + BFs which consisted of different combinations of inorganic fertilizers, organic manures (FYM and vermicompost), ameliorant (lime) and biofertilizers. Knol-khol crop was grown in the experimental plot with different organic and inorganic fertilizers as per the treatment plans. Leaf samples from different treatments were collected at 45 days after planting (DAP). The economic yield was highest (3.44 t ha-1) in the treatment supplied with inorganic and organic source of nutrient with lime (T7) which was at par with T8 (3.34 t ha-1) whereas significantly higher than rest other treatments and lowest was obtained in STD (1.45 t ha-1). The highest values 2.68%, 1.11mg g-1 of fresh leaves and 46.34 were recorded for leaf nitrogen content, chlorophyll content and SPAD value respectively were recorded with treatment T7 whereas lowest value of 1.91%, 0.54 mg g-1 of fresh of leaves and 21.81 were recorded for leaf nitrogen content, chlorophyll content and SPAD value respectively with T1. However, the soil properties after harvest of the crop were found to be better with T8 where vermicompost was integrated with inorganic fertilizer and lime.

Recent trends in additive manufacturing (AM) are to produce geometrically complex structures at minimal wastage of material, time and cost, without sacrificing part quality, mechanical performance and to introduce ease in processing and part removal. Here a non-transferred arc (NTA) based wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) system has been developed to achieve the above objectives, where arc is only generated between tungsten electrode and consumable filler wire. No electrical contact with substrate facilitates deposits even on non-conductive substrate surface that helps in easy removal of final deposits. Influence of deposition parameters (welding current, voltage, wire feed speed (WFS), and travel speed) on response characteristics (bead uniformity, height deviation, droplet diameter, droplet transfer frequency) is studied on multi-performance level using grey relational analysis (GRA). Then single and multi-bead layer is fabricated over SiO2 substrate for ease in part removal after complete fabrication. WFS is referred as a key deposition parameter which have influence on all deposition characteristics. It has been observed that NTA based WAAM results high bead uniformity with minimal spatter and bead height difference between start and exit arc point. Complete ferrite microstructure with few pearlites is observed on the deposits with similar elemental composition on top, bottom and interface surface. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study reveals ferrite diffraction planes ({110}, {200}, {211}, and {220}) with no intermetallic formations on deposits. Also, compressive residual stress with less variation in crystallite size, stress, strain and microhardness among top, bottom, and lateral surface of deposit indicates isotropic nature of the fabricated part.

Community structure is a common phenomenon observed in various social networks. In this work, a novel community detection algorithm is proposed by estimating the effect of community structure on the average path length of a network. The Erdos-Renyi graph model is used as a reference to compute the change in the average path length of a network due to community formation. By experimenting with artificial networks, it is found that community structure in a social network contributes towards the lengthening of the average shortest path length. A random graph is found to have a lesser average shortest path length than a social network with community structure. As the size of individual communities increases, there is a decrease in the difference of average shortest path lengths, compared with a random graph containing an equal number of nodes and edges. This relationship is used to predict the average community size and their numbers in a network. The findings mentioned above are applied to the proposed algorithm. The proposed community detection algorithm is an enhancement over Fire Spread community detection algorithm (Pattanayak, 2019), in which the value of R for the R-radius neighborhood subgraph is automatically calculated.

Despite the importance of safe sanitation and hygiene for sustainable development and public health, approximately half of India's rural population lacks access to safely managed sanitation. Policies prioritizing improved sanitation access have accelerated coverage, yet barriers to universal access and use remain. In this paper, we investigate how personal experience with a public health shock impacts recall of public health messages and households' sanitation and hygiene practices. Using a panel survey conducted before and after the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the resulting lockdown, in Bihar, India, we compare public health messaging recall and hygiene and sanitation behaviors among households that experienced severe economic disruptions due to the COVID-19 lockdown and those that did not. We find that households that experienced economic disruptions had a higher recall of public health messaging around safe sanitation and hygiene. In addition, households that experienced these disruptions reported more social distancing, increased handwashing behavior, and reduced open defecation. A major public health shock, the COVID-19 pandemic, increased messaging around the importance of safe hygiene and sanitation for public health in India. We find that personal experience increased the salience of public health messaging, with positive returns to sanitation and hygiene practices.

Mammary carcinogenesis possesses great challenges due to the lack of effectiveness of the multiple therapeutic options available. Gene therapy-based cancer treatment strategy provides more targeting accuracy, fewer side effects, and higher therapeutic efficiency. Downregulation of the oncogene mTOR by mTOR-siRNA is an encouraging approach to reduce cancer progression. However, its employment as means of therapeutic strategy has been restricted due to the unavailability of a suitable delivery system.A suitable nanocarrier system made up of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DOPC) has been developed to prevent degradation and for proficient delivery of siRNA. This was followed by in vitro and in vivo anti-breast cancer efficiency analysis of the mTOR siRNA-loaded neutral liposomal formulation (NL-mTOR-siRNA).In our experiment, a profound reduction in MCF-7 cell growth, proliferation and invasion was ascertained following extensive downregulation of mTOR expression. NL-mTOR-siRNA suppressed tumour growth and restored morphological alterations of DMBA-induced breast cancer. In addition, neutral liposome enhanced accumulation of siRNA in mammary cancer tissues facilitating its deep cytosolic distribution within the tumour, which allows apoptosis thereby facilitating its anti-tumour potential.Hence, the current study highlighted the augmented ground for therapies aiming toward cancerous cells to diminish mTOR expression by RNAi in managing mammary carcinoma.

In this research work, a novel IIoT attack detection framework is designed by following four major phases: pre-processing, imbalance processing, feature extraction, and attack detection. The attack detection is carried out using the projected ensemble classification framework. The projected ensemble classification framework encapsulates the recurrent neural network, CNN, and optimized bi-directional long short-term memory (BI-LSTM). The RNN and CNN in the ensemble classification framework is trained with the extracted features. The outcome acquired from RNN and CNN is utilized for training the optimized BI-LSTM model. The final outcome regarding the presence/absence of attacks in the industrial IoT is portrayed by the optimized BI-LSTM model. Therefore, the weight of BI-LSTM model is fine-tuned using the newly projected hybrid optimization model referred as cat mouse updated slime mould algorithm (CMUSMA). The projected hybrids the concepts of both the standard slime mould algorithm (SMA) and cat and mouse-based optimizer(CMBO), respectively.

Five fluorescent ONO donor-based organotin(IV) complexes