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Aims Left ventricular (LV) blood flow is determined by intraventricular pressure gradients (IVPG). Changes in blood flow initiate remodelling and precede functional decline. Novel cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) post-processing LV-IVPG analysis might provide a sensitive marker of LV function in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate LV-IVPG patterns and their prognostic value in DCM. Methods and results LV-IVPGs between apex and base were measured on standard CMR cine images in DCM patients (n = 447) from the Maastricht Cardiomyopathy registry. Major adverse cardiovascular events, including heart failure hospitalisations, life-threatening arrhythmias, and sudden/cardiac death, occurred in 66 DCM patients (15%). A temporary LV-IVPG reversal during systolic–diastolic transition, leading to a prolonged transition period or slower filling, was present in 168 patients (38%). In 14%, this led to a reversal of blood flow, which predicted outcome corrected for univariable predictors [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.57, 95% confidence interval (1.01–6.51), P = 0.047]. In patients without pressure reversal (n = 279), impaired overall LV-IVPG [HR = 0.91 (0.83–0.99), P = 0.033], systolic ejection force [HR = 0.91 (0.86–0.96), P < 0.001], and E-wave decelerative force [HR = 0.83 (0.73–0.94), P = 0.003] predicted outcome, independent of known predictors (age, sex, New York Heart Association class ≥ 3, LV ejection fraction, late gadolinium enhancement, LV-longitudinal strain, left atrium (LA) volume-index, and LA-conduit strain). Conclusion Pressure reversal during systolic–diastolic transition was observed in one-third of DCM patients, and reversal of blood flow direction predicted worse outcome. In the absence of pressure reversal, lower systolic ejection force, E-wave decelerative force (end of passive LV filling), and overall LV-IVPG are powerful predictors of outcome, independent of clinical and imaging parameters.

Guidelines for isotretinoin for the treatment of acne vulgaris (AV) do not exist in Australia but are utilised in United Kingdom (UK) (1), Europe (EU) (2) and the United States of America (USA) (3). The Australasian College of Dermatologists (ACD) developed a position statement in 2018 (4). The primary objective of this survey was to describe Australian dermatologist isotretinoin practices and highlight areas of practice uncertainties. Comparison against best available evidence and guidelines were utilised where applicable.

Introduction In 2013, The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland (ACPGBI) issued a position statement regarding management of malignant polyps. We reviewed the management of endoscopically resected malignant colorectal polyps in a district general hospital to evaluate whether patients were being overtreated as per these guidelines. Methods All patients who underwent a complete, non-piecemeal endoscopic removal of a malignant polyp between October 2013 and September 2018 were studied. Polyps were risk stratified for residual disease and followed up as per the ACPGBI. Patients were divided into two groups based on management after polypectomy. Primary outcome measured was the presence of residual tumour or involved lymph nodes in the resection specimen. Secondary outcomes included complications and recurrence. Results Thirty-three patients were included: 21 in the non-operative group (NOG) and 12 in the operative group (OG). The ACPGBI risk score in the NOG varied between 1 and over 4 compared with the OG who all scored over 4. Two patients in the OG (16%) demonstrated residual disease. Five patients suffered a postoperative complication. No recurrences were noted in the OG and one in the NOG. Conclusion Our findings against a backdrop of the available literature suggest that the risk of residual disease after malignant polypectomy may not be as high as stated by the ACPGBI. As a result, there is a risk of overtreating patients and exposing them to the significant complications of surgery if careful consideration is not exercised.

Background: in December 2015 the Executive Committee of the World Psychiatric Association approved a Position Statement on religion, spirituality in psychiatry. Since then, the World Psychiatric Association Section of Religion, Spirituality and Psychiatry has committed to publicizing the Position Statement worldwide. Aim: to bring this statement, especially the seven recommendations, to the attention of the international psychiatric community, in particular the Russian psychiatric community. Method: a narrative review and the seven recommendations in the Position Statement are explained, thus demonstrating its importance. Conclusion: religion and spirituality in psychiatry are part of daily psychiatric practice, scientific research, residency training and continuous medical education, and the political and public realm. With the publication of the Position Statement, the Executive Committee of the World Psychiatric Association has made a major accomplishment that benefits psychiatry around the world.

This document, from the Council for Exceptional Children, Division of Emotional and Behavioral Health (DEBH), provides clear and compelling support for the abolishment of solitary confinement with incarcerated youth and young adults in juvenile and adult correctional facilities. This is the first position statement from DEBH on the topic, and the information includes (a) a definition of solitary confinement, (b) discussion of its use, (c) an explanation of the impacts of solitary confinement on youth, (d) identification of systemic issues that perpetuate the use of solitary confinement, (e) an examination of U.S. laws concerning the use of solitary confinement, (f) a declaration of principles, and (g) recommendations for policy and practice.

The American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) published a position statement regarding the limitation of fetal and gonadal shielding in radiographic imaging procedures. For the imaging community, this statement was alarming, as shielding patients was one of the longest-held principles of imaging technologists. In an effort to alleviate the concerns of technologists and other professionals working in medical imaging, the AAPM created a committee of professionals in the field to disseminate education about the change called the Communicating Advances in Radiation Education Committee. This committee published a frequently asked questions document addressing the concerns of technologists and educators in the field of medical imaging and providing guidance on educating patients and other health professionals. This article seeks to provide an overview of the change in shielding practice, the science that fueled the change, and the implications for healthcare professionals and patients in the medical imaging department. Although technologists, nurses, and any other participating personnel proximal to radiation production must protect themselves, in most instances, patients do not need to be shielded and in fact, may be harmed by the use of shields. Future research should focus on the attitudes of technologists and patients toward shielding and whether or not all medical professionals and the public are informed about shielding recommendations.

COVID-19 has disproportionately impacted older adults in long-term care (LTC) facilities in Canada. There are opportunities to learn from this crisis and to improve systems of care in order to ensure that older adults in LTC enjoy their right to the highest attainable standard of health. Measures are needed to ensure the mental health of older adults in LTC during COVID-19. The Canadian Academy of Geriatric Psychiatry (CAGP) and Canadian Coalition for Seniors’ Mental Health (CCSMH) have developed the following position statements to address the mental health needs of older adults in LTC facilities, their family members, and LTC staff. We outlined eight key considerations related to mental health care in LTC during COVID-19 to optimize the mental health of this vulnerable population during the pandemic.

This position statement aims to provide rapid guidance for pulmonary rehabilitation in adults with COVID-19 illness. These recommendations are based on the consensus of the authors, who are members...

Cataract surgeries are among the most common procedures requiring anesthesia care. Cataracts are a common cause of blindness. Surgery remains the only effective treatment of cataracts. Patients are often elderly with comorbidities. Most cataracts can be treated using topical or regional anesthesia with minimum or no sedation. There is minimal risk of adverse outcomes. There is general consensus that cataract surgery is extremely low risk, and the benefits of sight restoration and preservation are enormous. We present the Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia (SAMBA) position statement for preoperative care for cataract surgery.

The Saudi Society of Clinical Pharmacy (SSCP) is a scientific and professional society in the field of clinical pharmacy that operates under the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties governance. The SSCP believes that there is a need to define and describe many aspects related to the clinical pharmacy profession in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, there is an increasing demand for promoting the concept of clinical pharmacy and developing a consensus regarding the scope of practice and clinical pharmacist's required postgraduate education and training in Saudi Arabia. This paper is intended to present several position statements by the SSCP that define the concept of clinical pharmacy, describe the required education and training, and highlight clinical pharmacists' scope of practice in Saudi Arabia. This paper calls for further investigations that examine the impact of clinical pharmacists on individual and population health levels.

Many sports medicine physicians are currently considering introducing regenerative medicine into their practice. Regenerative medicine and the subclassification of orthobiologics are a complicated topic and have produced widely varying opinions. Although there is concern by government regulators, clinicians, scientists, patient advocacy organizations, and the media regarding the use of regenerative medicine products, there is also excitement about the potential benefits with growing evidence that certain regenerative medicine products are safe and potentially efficacious in treating musculoskeletal conditions. Sports medicine physicians would benefit from decision-making guidance about whether to introduce orthobiologics into their practice and how to do it responsibly. The purpose of this position statement is to provide sports medicine physicians with information regarding regenerative medicine terminology, a brief review of basic science and clinical studies within the subclassification of orthobiologics, regulatory considerations, and best practices for introducing regenerative medicine into clinical practice. This information will help sports medicine physicians make informed and responsible decisions about the role of regenerative medicine and orthobiologics in their practice.

Hyoscine butylbromide, also known as hyoscyamine or scopolamine, and sold under the trade name Buscopan, is an antimuscarinic agent commonly used to induce smooth muscle relaxation and reduce spasmodic activity of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract during endoscopic procedures. However, the balance between desirable and undesirable (adverse) effects is not clear when used during GI endoscopy. The Clinical Affairs Committee of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology (CAG) conducted systematic reviews and applied the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to develop recommendations for the use of Buscopan during GI endoscopy. To summarize, we recommend against the use of Buscopan before or during colonoscopy (strong recommendation, high certainty of evidence). We suggest against the use of Buscopan before or during gastroscopy (conditional recommendation, very low certainty of evidence). We suggest the use of Buscopan before or during ERCP (conditional recommendation, very low certainty of evidence). More research is needed to determine whether patients undergoing advanced procedures such as endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal dissection benefit from its use. Buscopan should be used with caution in patients with cardiac comorbidities. According to its product monograph, Buscopan is contraindicated in patients with tachycardia, angina, and cardiac failure. Thus, Buscopan should be used very cautiously in patients with these conditions, and only when the potential benefits of its use outweigh the potential risks in a particular case. Such patients require careful cardiac monitoring in an environment where resuscitation equipment and appropriately trained staff to use it are readily available. According to its product monograph, Buscopan is also contraindicated in patients with prostatic hypertrophy with urinary retention, and therefore, should be used very cautiously in such patients as well, and only when the potential benefits of its use outweigh the potential risks in a particular case. Obtaining a preprocedural history of glaucoma is unlikely to be of value when considering Buscopan use. However, in cases where Buscopan has been used, patients should be counselled postprocedurally and told to present to an emergency facility should they experience eye pain, redness, decreased vision, nausea and vomiting or headache.

High drug prices have created substantial challenges for patients, physicians, health systems, and payers. High drug prices can affect patient care in many ways, including limiting access to treatment, increasing the burden of administrative tasks, and contributing to physician burnout. Exorbitant drug pricing poses direct challenges for distributive justice, which is concerned with fairly distributing benefits and burdens across society. In this position statement, we discuss ethical concerns raised by high drug costs, primarily focusing on concerns around distributive justice. We consider forms of rationing, approaches to allocation, potential complexities in real-life application, and structural forces contributing to high drug costs. Finally, we consider potential policy solutions and ramifications for individual clinicians.

Sleep is a biological necessity, and insufficient sleep and untreated sleep disorders are detrimental for health, well-being, and public safety. Healthy People 2030 includes several sleep-related objectives with the goal to improve health, productivity, well-being, quality of life, and safety by helping people get enough sleep. In addition to adequate sleep duration, healthy sleep requires good quality, appropriate timing, regularity, and the absence of sleep disorders. It is the position of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) that sleep is essential to health. There is a significant need for greater emphasis on sleep health in education, clinical practice, inpatient and long-term care, public health promotion, and the workplace. More sleep and circadian research is needed to further elucidate the importance of sleep for public health and the contributions of insufficient sleep to health disparities. CITATION: Ramar K, Malhotra RK, Carden KA, et al. Sleep is essential to health: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine position statement. J Clin Sleep Med. 2021;17(10):2115–2119.

La pandemia producida por el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) ha obligado, en muchos casos a sustituir la consulta presencial por la consulta telemática para reducir el riesgo de contagio asociado a la presencia de pacientes en los centros sanitarios. Este cambio puede representar una oportunidad para una comunicación diferente y más eficiente entre profesionales y pacientes, permitiendo mejorar la accesibilidad a la atención médica y un abordaje más sistemático e integral a los pacientes con hipertensión y riesgo cardiovascular. No obstante, se necesitan herramientas organizativas que faciliten la comunicación entre pacientes y profesionales, específicamente con intercambio de datos clínicos que favorezcan la monitorización remota de las variables asociadas a la hipertensión y riesgo cardiovascular (presión arterial, peso, talla, variables analíticas…) y permitan realizar un seguimiento adecuado en aspectos como la adherencia a los tratamientos, estilos de vida y factores de riesgo. Todo ello sería deseable que fuera realizado por equipos multidisciplinares, tanto de atención primaria como hospitalaria y farmacia comunitaria, con una coordinación adecuada del cuidado en este tipo de pacientes. Este documento de la Sociedad Española de Hipertensión-Liga Española para la Lucha contra la Hipertensión Arterial (SEH-LELHA) trata de dar las claves para mejorar la calidad asistencial de las consultas telemáticas de los pacientes con hipertensión y riesgo cardiovascular, proporcionar criterios básicos de atención telemática o presencial y sistematizar el contenido de estas. Así mismo se plantean los criterios de seguimiento por los diferentes profesionales.

Colleges of pharmacy provide varying amounts of didactic and clinical experiential hours in pediatrics therapeutics, resulting in variability in the knowledge, skills, and perceptions of new graduates toward the pharmacist role in providing care to pediatric patients. The Pediatric Pharmacy Association continues to endorse a minimum set of core competencies for all pharmacists involved in the care of hospitalized pediatric patients of all ages. To that end, we have updated our 2015 Position Statement.

Progress has been made in understanding coeliac disease, a relatively frequent and underappreciated immune-mediated condition that occurs in genetically predisposed individuals. However, several gaps remain in knowledge related to diagnosis and management. The gluten-free diet, currently the only available management, is not curative or universally effective (some adherent patients have ongoing duodenal injury). Unprecedented numbers of emerging therapies, including some with novel tolerogenic mechanisms, are currently being investigated in clinical trials. In March 2020, the Celiac Disease Foundation and the Society for the Study of Celiac Disease convened a consensus workshop to identify high-yield areas of research that should be prioritized. Workshop participants included leading experts in clinical practice, academia, government and pharmaceutical development, as well as representatives from patient support groups in North America. This Roadmap summarizes key advances in the field of coeliac disease and provides information on important discussions from the consensus approach to address gaps and opportunities related to the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of coeliac disease. The morbidity of coeliac disease is often underestimated, which has led to an unmet need to improve the management of these patients. Expanded research funding is needed as coeliac disease is a potentially curable disease., Coeliac disease is a serious condition and a model disease that can shed light into the mechanisms that underlie autoimmunity and chronic inflammation. This Roadmap summarizes key advances in coeliac disease and provides recommendations from a consensus workshop to address the gaps and opportunities in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of coeliac disease, providing a path forward., Key points Coeliac disease is a common and serious medical condition that is under-recognized among the health-care provider community, government and the public.This Roadmap summarizes consensus recommendations to address gaps and opportunities in pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of coeliac disease.Various animal models are available to translate hypotheses generated from human studies, and progress is being made in the development of physiological coeliac epithelial models based on organoid technology.Coeliac-specific serology is highly reliable for the diagnosis of coeliac disease; however, there is disagreement between experts as to the necessity of intestinal biopsy to confirm the diagnosis.There is increasing need for development of programmes for proper clinical management of coeliac disease, and the number of potential therapeutic targets and clinical trials has grown exponentially over the past 15 years.Increased funding for coeliac disease research is crucial to improve clinical management and facilitate development of therapies for this condition.

Для большинства эпизодов острой сердечной недостаточности характерно усиление симптомов и признаков застойных явлений с объемной перенагрузкой. Цель терапии у таких пациентов заключается в облегчении застойных явлений путем достижения нормоволемии, главным образом с помощью терапии диуретиками. Однако должное применение диуретиков остается сложным, особенно при ухудшении функции почек, резистентности к диуретикам и нарушениях баланса электролитов. В этом официальном заявлении рассматривается применение диуретиков при застойной сердечной недостаточности. В работе рассматриваются распространенные проблемы, такие как: 1) оценка застойных явлений и клинической нормоволемии; 2) оценка ответа на диуретики/резистентности к диуретикам при лечении острой сердечной недостаточности; 3) подход к поэтапным фармакологическим стратегиям применения диуретиков на основе ответа на диуретики; 4) лечение распространенных нарушений баланса электролитов. Рекомендации приведены в соответствии с доступними руководствами, свидетельствами и экспертными выводами., Для більшості епізодів гострої серцевої недостатності характерне посилення симптомів та ознак застійних явищ з об’ємним перенавантаженням. Мета терапії в таких пацієнтів полягає в полегшенні застійних явищ шляхом досягнення нормоволемії, головним чином за допомогою терапії діуретиками. Проте належне застосування діуретиків залишається складним, особливо при погіршенні функції нирок, резистентності до діуретиків та порушеннях балансу електролітів. У цій офіційній заяві розглядається застосування діуретиків при застійній серцевій недостатності. У роботі розглядаються поширені проблеми, такі як: 1) оцінка застійних явищ та клінічної нормоволемії; 2) оцінка відповіді на діуретики/резистентності до діуретиків при лікуванні гострої серцевої недостатності; 3) підхід до поетапних фармакологічних стратегій застосування діуретиків на основі відповіді на діуретики; 4) лікування поширених порушень балансу електролітів. Рекомендації наведені відповідно до доступних настанов, свідчень та експертних висновків., The vast majority of acute heart failure episodes are characterized by increasing symptoms and signs of congestion with volume overload. The goal of therapy in those patients is the relief of congestion through achieving a state of euvolaemia, mainly through the use of diuretic therapy. The appropriate use of diuretics however remains challenging, especially when worsening renal function, diuretic resistance and electrolyte disturbances occur. This position paper focuses on the use of diuretics in heart failure with congestion. The manuscript addresses frequently encountered challenges, such as (i) evaluation of congestion and clinical euvolaemia, (ii) assessment of diuretic response/resistance in the treatment of acute heart failure, (iii) an approach towards stepped pharmacologic diuretic strategies, based upon diuretic response, and (iv) management of common electrolyte disturbances. Recommendations are made in line with available guidelines, evidence and expert opinion.

Conceitos Basicos sobre Espiritualidade e suas Formas de Avaliacao As definicoes de espiritualidade e religiosidade apresentam variacoes com o meio cultural, ambiental e religioso. A diversidade de conceitos e reconhecida, sem uma clara definicao, sendo o termo usado de forma imprecisa e inconsistente com consequente dificuldade de medida. Para o Departamento de Estudos em Espiritualidade e Medicina Cardiovascular (DEMCA) da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (SBC), “Espiritualidade e um conjunto de valores morais, mentais e emocionais que norteiam pensamentos, comportamentos e [...]

Children with spastic cerebral palsy often present with muscle weakness, resulting from neural impairments and muscular alterations. While progressive resistance training (PRT) improves muscle weakness, the effects on muscle morphology remain inconclusive. This investigation evaluated the effects of a PRT program on lower limb muscle strength, morphology and gross motor function. Forty-nine children with spastic cerebral palsy were randomized by minimization. The intervention group (nparticipants = 26, age: 8.3 ± 2.0 years, Gross Motor Function Classification System [GMFCS] level I/II/III: 17/5/4, nlegs = 41) received a 12-week PRT program, consisting of 3-4 sessions per week, with exercises performed in 3 sets of 10 repetitions, aiming at 60%–80% of the 1-repetition maximum. Training sessions were performed under supervision with the physiotherapist and at home. The control group (nparticipants = 22, age: 8.5 ± 2.1 year, GMFCS level I/II/III: 14/5/3, nlegs = 36) continued usual care including regular physiotherapy and use of orthotics. We assessed pre- and post-training knee extension, knee flexion and plantar flexion isometric strength, rectus femoris, semitendinosus and medial gastrocnemius muscle morphology, as well as functional strength, gross motor function and walking capacity. Data processing was performed blinded. Linear mixed models were applied to evaluate the difference in evolution over time between the control and intervention group (interaction-effect) and within each group (time-effect). The α-level was set atp= 0.01. Knee flexion strength and unilateral heel raises showed a significant interaction-effect (p≤ 0.008), with improvements in the intervention group (p≤ 0.001). Moreover, significant time-effects were seen for knee extension and plantar flexion isometric strength, rectus femoris and medial gastrocnemius MV, sit-to-stand and lateral step-up in the intervention group (p≤ 0.004). Echo-intensity, muscle lengths and gross motor function showed limited to no changes. PRT improved strength and MV in the intervention group, whereby strength parameters significantly or close to significantly differed from the control group. Although, relative improvements in strength were larger than improvements in MV, important effects were seen on the maintenance of muscle size relative to skeletal growth. In conclusion, this study proved the effectiveness of a home-based, physiotherapy supervised, PRT program to improve isometric and functional muscle strength in children with SCP without negative effects on muscle properties or any serious adverse events.Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03863197.

Background No simple staging system has emerged for basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), since they do not follow the TNM process, and practitioners failed to agree on simple clinical or pathological criteria as a basis for a classification. Operational classification of BCCs is required for decision‐making, trials and guidelines. Unsupervised clustering of real cases of difficult‐to‐treat BCCs (DTT‐BCCs; part 1) has demonstrated that experts could blindly agree on a five groups classification of DTT‐BCCs based on five patterns of clinical situations. Objective Using this five patterns to generate an operational and comprehensive classification of BCCs. Method Testing practitioner's agreement, when using the five patterns classification to ensure that it is robust enough to be used in the practice. Generating the first version of a staging system of BCCs based on pattern recognition. Results Sixty‐two physicians, including 48 practitioners and the 14 experts who participated in the generation of the five different patterns of DTT‐BCCs, agreed on 90% of cases when classifying 199 DTT‐BCCs cases using the five patterns classification (part 1) attesting that this classification is understandable and usable in practice. In order to cover the whole field of BCCs, these five groups of DTT‐BCCs were added a group representing the huge number of easy‐to‐treat BCCs, for which sub‐classification has little interest, and a group of very rare metastatic cases, resulting in a four‐stage and seven‐substage staging system of BCCs. Conclusion A practical classification adapted to the specificities of BCCs is proposed. It is the first tumour classification based on pattern recognition of clinical situations, which proves to be consistent and usable. This EADO staging system version 1 will be improved step by step and tested as a decision tool and a prognostic instrument.

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has resulted in high mortality and morbidity worldwide and is still a growing problem. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease for which a substantial number of patients are treated with immunosuppressive medications, either occasionally or long-term. Despite the accumulating evidence, there is still a lack of knowledge about the impact of COVID-19 on IBD patients, especially those who are under immunosuppressive treatment. Moreover, following the emergence of several COVID vaccines, there are concerns regarding vaccine effectiveness and possible side effects in such patients. In this context, we tried to briefly summarize the accumulating evidence and recommendations for the management of IBD in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Keloids (K) and hypertrophic scars (HS) are abnormal responses to wound healing that occur as the result of dermal inflammation. Despite the advances on their treatment, many patients still suffer from the negative effects of excessive scarring; its approach is impaired by the lack of objective data on different treatments and the large genetic variability among patients and the difficulties in producing multicentre studies. Their incidence among the Brazilian population is high, as the result of an admixture of Amerindians, Europeans and Africans ancestral roots. With the aim of producing multicentre studies on K and HS, a panel of senior Brazilian dermatologists focused on their treatment was invited to contribute with the K and HS Treatment Brazilian Guidelines. In the first part of this study, different treatment modalities for keloids and HS are fully reviewed by the panel. The second part of the study presents a consensus recommendation of treatment for different types of lesions. More than a literature review, this article aims to show the pitfalls and pearls of each therapeutic option, as well as a therapeutic approach by the Panel of Experts on keloids and Scars on a highly mixed population, providing simple guidelines.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide over the last year causing more than one million deaths. Several treatments have tried to modify the natural history of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) but only corticosteroids have demonstrated to be effective in moderate or severe affectation. In that situation, the development of vaccines for preventing the SARS-CoV-2 infection has focused the attention of the scientific community. At present, available messenger RNA-based technology vaccines have received the approval of local and international sanitary authorities. In this position statement, the Spanish Society of Nephrology wants to state that patients with chronic kidney disease and healthcare workers are at high-risk for contagion and complications of COVID-19 so they must have priority in the vaccine administration. Resumen: La expansión de la pandemia por el coronavirus de tipo 2 causante del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS-CoV-2) ha ocasionado más de un millón de muertos en todo el planeta. Un año después de su irrupción, numerosos tratamientos se han postulado sin llegar a alcanzarse resultados clínicamente significativos, a excepción de los corticoides en pacientes con afectación moderada-severa de la enfermedad por coronavirus 19 (COVID-19). En este escenario, la prevención mediante vacunas ha centrado la atención de la comunidad científica. En el momento actual, disponemos de las primeras aprobaciones para el uso de vacunas basadas en ARN mensajero y las agencias locales e internacionales se disponen de manera inminente a su aprobación. Dado que la infección por COVID-19 es frecuente en los pacientes con enfermedad renal terminal y condiciona una elevada mortalidad, desde la Sociedad Española de Nefrología consideramos que los pacientes con enfermedad renal y los profesionales que los atienden deben considerarse prioritarios para recibir la vacuna por su elevado riesgo de contagio y morbi-mortalidad.

In this study, the valuation principles and measures in the Tax Procedure Law (VUK), Turkey Full Set Accounting / Financial Reporting Standards (TMS/TFRS) and Financial Reporting Standards for Large and Medium Enterprises (BOBİ FRS) are examined. The aim of this study is; it is the comparison of the valuation principles and measures in terms of TMS/TFRS, BOBI FRS and VUK on the elements of the asset structure of the statement of financial position and to demonstrate a common valuation basis and measure. The focus of the study is the approaches adopted by VUK, TMS/TFRS and BOBI FRS in terms of financial reporting. While the VUK focuses on the realization of financial reporting in terms of accurate calculation of the tax to be provided by the enterprises to the state, TMS/TFRS and BOBI FRS aim to provide financial information that is appropriate and truthful, understandable, comparable, verifiable and timely to those who need financial information. Valuation measures also differ due to the difference in the goals adopted.

This position statement aims to provide rapid guidance for those performing bronchoscopy in the pediatric and adult populations during the COVID-19 pandemic. These recommendations are based on the ...

Women are under-represented as leaders of cardiovascular randomized controlled trials, representing 1 in 10 lead authors of cardiovascular trials published in high-impact journals. Although the proportion of cardiovascular specialists who are women has increased in recent years, the proportion of cardiovascular clinical trialists who are women has not. This gap, underpinned by systemic sexism, has not been adequately addressed. The benefits of diverse randomized controlled trial leadership extend to patients and professionals. In this position statement, we present strategies adopted by some organizations to end gender inequality in research leadership. We offer an actionable roadmap for early-career researchers, scientists, academic institutions, professional societies, trial sponsors, and journals to follow, with the goal of harnessing the strength of women and under-represented groups as research leaders and facilitating a just culture in the cardiovascular clinical trial enterprise.

Telehealth services complement in-person neurologic care. The American Academy of Neurology supports patient access to telehealth services regardless of location, coverage for telehealth services by all subscriber benefits and insurance, equitable provider reimbursement, simplified state licensing requirements easing access to virtual care, and expanding telehealth research and quality initiatives. The roles and responsibilities of providers should be clearly delineated in telehealth service models.

Many neuromuscular disease patient populations suffer from a weak, inadequate cough, which may lead to respiratory tract infections, respiratory failure, and increased mortality. Hospitalized neuro...

The World Federation of Occupational Therapists’ (WFOT) adoption of the Position Statement, Occupational Therapy and Human Rights (2006) was a global milestone for the profession. The revised 2019 ...

Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) need bold new approaches to their treatment, yet progress has been hindered by a relative inability to dynamically track treatment response, mechanisms of resistance, evolution of targetable mutations, and changes in mutational burden. We are writing on behalf of a multidisciplinary group of academic neuro-oncology professionals who met at the collaborative Christopher Davidson Forum at Washington University in St Louis in the fall of 2019. We propose a dramatic but necessary change to the routine management of patients with GBM to advance the field: to routinely biopsy recurrent GBM at the time of presumed recurrence. Data derived from these samples will identify true recurrence vs treatment effect, avoid treatments with little chance of success, enable clinical trial access, and aid in the scientific advancement of our understanding of GBM.

Cardiac amyloidosis is a serious and progressive infiltrative disease that is caused by the deposition of amyloid fibrils at the cardiac level. It can be due to rare genetic variants in the hereditary forms or as a consequence of acquired conditions. Thanks to advances in imaging techniques and the possibility of achieving a non-invasive diagnosis, we now know that cardiac amyloidosis is a more frequent disease than traditionally considered. In this position paper the Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Disease proposes an invasive and non-invasive definition of cardiac amyloidosis, addresses clinical scenarios and situations to suspect the condition and proposes a diagnostic algorithm to aid diagnosis. Furthermore, we also review how to monitor and treat cardiac amyloidosis, in an attempt to bridge the gap between the latest advances in the field and clinical practice.

This invited commentary responds to ‘A Pledge to Mobilize Against Racism’ (Stanley et al., 2020), a position statement published by the Editorial Board of the Journal of Occupational Science (JOS) ...

This position statement is an update to the 2011 consensus statement of the Austrian Society of Cardiology (OKG) and the Austrian Society of Cardiac Surgery (OGTHG) for transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Due to a number of recently published studies, broadening of indications and recommendations of medical societies and our own national developments, the OKG and the OGHTG wish to combine the 2017 ESC/EACTS guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease with a national position paper and to focus on certain details for the application in Austria. Thus, this position statement serves as a supplement and further interpretation of the international guidelines.

В статье представлены современные лабораторные аспекты оценки гиперандрогении согласно вышедшему в октябре 2014 г. документу Европейского общества эндокринологов по вопросам диагностики и лечения синдрома поликистозных яичников «The polycystic ovary syndrome: a position statement from the European Society of Endocrinology».

Although many efforts have been made to prevent death from acute myocardial infarction (MI) by quick revascularization therapy and use of mechanical circulation support devices, and to prevent the occurrence of acute MI by optimal medical therapy, acute MI is still a leading cause of death worldwide. Because the majority of fatal MI cases occur outside hospital and death occurs so rapidly after MI onset, it is difficult to effectively prevent deaths from acute MI by improving the in-hospital treatment strategy of acute MI or by reducing the prehospital delay in the treatment. Therefore, we need a new strategy to prevent death from acute MI, mainly by preventing the occurrence of acute MI itself. In this review, we summarize the present status and propose a new strategy, the "STOP MI Campaign", to prevent acute MI by public education.

Objectives Insertion of tympanostomy tubes (TT) is generally accomplished in children in the operating room under general anesthesia. We report on 229 children treated in‐office with a novel device. Methods Investigators participated in an IRB‐approved, prospective, single arm, multisite investigation of in‐office TT placement in awake children. Topical anesthetic was applied, and protective restraint was used. TT placement was performed with a single‐pass TT insertion device. Safety was assessed by monitoring procedural events. Results Four hundred and forty‐four ears were treated in 229 children at 10 sites. Children were in age groups 6‐24 months (n = 211, mean = 13 months) and 5‐12 years (n = 18, mean = 8.3 years). Two hundred and fifteen children received bilateral TT placement, and 14 received unilateral placement. Overall, 226/229 (98.7%) children had successful TT placement in the office (209/211 in 6‐24 months and 17/18 in 5‐12 years). Three children were rescheduled for the operating room due to anatomical challenges or patient movement. Median procedure time for bilateral cases in both age groups was 4:53. Two minor adverse events (AEs) were reported in one patient. Per independent assessment of 30 procedure videos by clinicians, TT placement was tolerated acceptably by all children. Conclusion In‐office TT placement in awake young children using topical anesthetic, enabled by a single pass delivery device, was safe, successful and well tolerated. The American Academy of Otolaryngology (AAO) recently released a Position Statement supporting in‐office TT placement in appropriate children. These results affirm an in‐office alternative for clinicians and parents who have concerns with the risk, inconvenience and cost of surgery in an operating room under general anesthesia. Level of Evidence: 2c. Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT03544138., We report on 229 children treated in the office with tympanostomy tubes using a novel insertion device. Overall, 226/229 (98.7%) children had successful TT placement in the office. These results affirm an in‐office alternative for clinicians and parents who have concerns with the risk, inconvenience and cost of surgery in an operating room under general anesthesia.

Cervical and lumbar degenerative disc disease are well-known causes of neck and back pain and associated radiculopathy in spine patients. The estimated 1-year incidence rate of neck pain and any episode of lower back pain is 10.4% to 21.3%[1][1],[2][2] and 1.5% to 36%,[3][3] respectively. Previous

Vital pulp therapies (VPTs) aim to preserve the vitality of the pulp. The European Society of Endodontology have begun a campaign to raise awareness on the efficacy of VPTs following on from the publication of their 2019 position statement, aimed at both specialists and general dental practitioners. This review examines the current evidence surrounding VPTs and provides a rational approach to the management of the exposed pulp with the aid of case studies. Success lies in accurate diagnosis and case selection, along with well-executed treatment and appropriate follow-up protocols. The introduction of calcium silicate cements has made these treatments more predictable.

This European Society of Endodontology (ESE) position statement on surgical extrusion, intentional replantation and tooth autotransplantation represents the consensus of an expert committee, convened by the ESE. A narrative review in the International Endodontic Journal (Plotino et al. 2020, international Endodontic Journal, 53, 1636-52) formed the basis for the position statement. The review provided detailed information on the background, clinical procedures and the outcome of surgical extrusion, intentional replantation and tooth autotransplantation techniques. The aim of the current statement is to summarize the best available evidence on these clinical techniques to provide appropriate clinical guidance to undergraduate and postgraduate students, dental practitioners, clinical teachers and researchers. The current position statement will be updated by the ESE periodically to reflect new evidence as it becomes available to provide the most current treatment guidance for clinical practice.

The editorial touches upon the problem of the possible impact of COVID-19 on CKD patients, mediated by the forced reorganization of the health care system in a whole, the redistribution of its resources in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Lack of regular outpatient monitoring, delayed diagnosis and therapy in patients with kidney dysfunction are factors of adverse clinical outcomes - accelerated disease progression, ESKD development and the need for KRT, life-threatening complications, reduced quality of life and survival. The data of a pooled analysis of the impact of the pandemic on specialized renal care and its availability in a number of regions of the Northwest Federal District of Russia and the Moscow Region are presented: a fall in hospital admissions, outpatient consultations and a decrease in the use of hospital beds (on average, by 37 %, 40 % and 32 %, respectively). Principles and conditions of the functioning of health systems associated in the COVID-19 pandemic have been discussed. The main approaches to maintaining the standard level of renal patients care have been formulated, aimed at preventing an unfavorable patient-oriented CKD outcomes. © 2021 Patristica et Mediaevalia. All rights reserved.

The International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO) has been playing an integral role in educating both the metabolic surgical and the medical community at large about the importance of surgical and/or endoscopic interventions in treating adiposity-based chronic diseases. The occurrence of chronic conditions following bariatric/metabolic surgery (BMS), such as gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and columnar (intestinal) epithelial metaplasia of the distal oesophagus (also known as Barrett's oesophagus (BE)), has long been discussed in the metabolic surgical and medical community. Equally, the risk of neoplastic progression of Barrett's oesophagus to oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and the resulting requirement for surgery are the source of some concern for many involved in the care of these patients, as the surgical alteration of the gastrointestinal tract may lead to impaired reconstructive options. As such, there is a requirement for guidance of the community.The IFSO commissioned a task force to elucidate three aspects of the presenting problem: First, to determine what the estimated incidence of Barrett's oesophagus is in patients presenting for BMS; second, to determine the frequency at which Barrett's oesophagus may develop following BMS (with a particular focus on the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG)); and third, to determine if regression of Barrett's oesophagus may occur following BMS given the close relationship of obesity and the development of BE/EAC. Based on these findings, a position statement regarding the management of this pathology in the context of BMS was developed. The following position statement is issued by the IFSO Barrett's Oesophagus task force andapproved by the IFSO Scientific Committee and Executive Board. This statement is based on current clinical knowledge, expert opinion and published peer-reviewed scientific evidence. It will be reviewed regularly.

This article discusses a scoping review of position papers aimed at enhancing the quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities. It describes the approach taken to conducting the scoping...