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With the in-depth research and continuous exploration of English translation skill patterns by multimodal networks, the scope of English translation skill analysis has been extended to other aspects besides words, and the traditional single-mode English translation skill analysis has gradually changed into a systematic English translation skill analysis that integrates language, images, music, and other symbols. From the perspective of situational teaching, this paper studies the skills and modes of English translation by multimodal network. The research shows that 30 books are randomly selected from preschool children’s books, primary school books, and junior high school books, among which the highest proportion of multimodal books is 82%, 57%, and 54%, respectively, and the proportion of multimodal network books among 120 literature books is 79%. Translators have a full understanding of the translated content in situational teaching, but in the actual process of translation, they will inevitably face the situation of language integration and word order adjustment. If translators have a certain understanding of the corresponding English translation skills, they can lay a good foundation for English translation skills and ensure the accuracy of translation.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of vitrectomy without using perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) for the treatment of complicated retinal detachment (RD).The utilisation of PFCL was calculated in four hospitals in 2020 and in one hospital every year from 2012 to 2020. A case series of 320 RD eyes treated with vitrectomy without the use of perfluorocarbon liquid (VWTPL) was followed up for 1-26 months. The rate of retinal reattachment (RR) and postoperative visual acuity (VA, LogMAR) was evaluated. Furthermore, factors influencing RR and VA were analysed.The overall utilisation of PFCL was 43.87% (42.74%, 45.83%, 62.39% and 4.5%). The annual utilisation was 46.94%, 20.43%, 46.73%, 47.41%, 20%, 17.24%, 7.60%, 10.67% and 4.49% from 2012 to 2020. The VA of 320 eyes improved from 1.96 ± 1.07 preoperatively to 1.43 ± 0.92 (LogMAR, p 0.001) 1 week post-operation. In the follow-up of 1-26 months (median: 9 months), the primary and final RR was 87.37% and 95.56%, respectively. Age, uveitis, recurrent RD, the number of detached retinal quadrants, aPVR and preoperative VA were considered as the factors influencing postoperative VA. Moreover, preoperative VA and preoperative intraocular pressure were the factors influencing RR.The utilisation of PFCL varies amongst hospitals with a highest percentage of 62.39%. VWTPL is safe and effective, thereby saving costs and preventing complications related to PFCL.ChiCTR-ORC-17014225.

The excellent reactivity toward C–H direct arylation, water wettability and O–C p–π conjugation endow EDOT to be an attractive electron donor unit for CP photocatalysts, yielding an unprecedented hydrogen evolution rate up to 0.95 mmol h−1/6 mg catalyst.

A library of STP-based CP photocatalysts with –CN groups at varied positions were designed and facilely synthesized by an atom- and step-economic one-component direct arylation polymerization for a structure–property–performance correlation study.

Additional file 1. Nucleotide sequence analysis of two adjacent cellulolytic enzyme genes SmBglu12A and SmLpmo10A in the genome of S. megaspores. Genomic DNA sequences encoding SmBglu12A and SmLpmo10A were highlighted in blue and green, respectively. Additional file 2. Effects of pH and temperature on the activity of the purified recombinant SmLpmo10A using the substrate PASC. A: Optimum pH; B: Optimum temperature. Additional file 3. Primers used in this study.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Plasmids used in this study. Table S2. Strains used in this study. Table S3. Primers used in this study. Figure S1. The UV-visible spectroscopy analysis of heme standard (heme std) and fermentation products of GS115 and PpH8 from 320 to 600 nm. Figure S2. UV-visible spectroscopy analysis (at 400 nm) of fermentation product of PpH8 cultured in the medium with addition of different precursors. A 5-ALA. B Fe2+. C Glycine. The fermentation without addition of precursors was carried out as control (ck). Figure S3. UV-visible spectroscopy analysis (at 400 nm) of fermentation product of PpH8 cultured in the medium with addition of different carbon sources. A Glucose. B Glycerol. C Methanol. The fermentation carried out in BMMY medium was used as control (ck). Figure S4. HPLC analysis of fermentation extracts of E. coli recombinants overexpressing different heme synthesis pathway genes. X, gltX; A, hemA; L, hemL; B, hemB; C, hemC; D, hemD; E, hemE; F, hemF; G, hemG; H, hemH. The heme and intermediates were marked with red and blue arrows, respectively. Three independent HPLC profiles were provided for each recombinant. Figure S5. HPLC analysis of fermentation extracts of E. coli recombinants co-expressing M1 and different genes in M2. M1 contains gltX, hemA and hemL genes; B, hemB; C, hemC; D, hemD; The heme and intermediates were marked with red and blue arrows, respectively. Five independent HPLC profiles were provided for each recombinant. Figure S6. Heme and intermediates productions and growth curves of strain Ec-M123 harboring plasmids pCDF-XAL, pET-BCD and pRSF-EFGH cultured in the LBFG medium supplemented with different concentrations of streptomycin (Str), kanamycin (Kan) and ampicillin (Amp). A HPLC profiles. B Growth curves. C heme productions. The concentrations of three antibiotics are indicated in μg/mL. Figure S7. The maps of recombinant plasmids pPICZH1-4 and pPICZH12-15 harboring heme synthesis pathway genes of K. phaffii. A Plasmid pPICZH1-4 containing hem1, hem2, hem3 and hem4 genes from K. phaffii. B Plasmid pPICZH12-15 containing hem12, hem13, hem14 and hem15 genes from K. phaffii.

2-Styrylthiophene-based donor-acceptor linear conjugated polymers with tunable cyano substituents are atom-economically obtained

A unified geometric approach for the stability analysis of traveling pulse solutions for reaction-diffusion equations with skew-gradient structure has been established in a previous paper [9], but essentially no results have been found in the case of traveling front solutions. In this work, we will bridge this gap. For such cases, a Maslov index of the traveling wave is well-defined, and we will show how it can be used to provide the spectral information of the waves. As an application, we use the same index providing the exact number of unstable eigenvalues of the traveling front solutions of FitzHugh-Nagumo equation., Comment: 15 pages

Low temperature self-propagating forming coating material system for aluminum alloy cylinder parts was designed with Al, Fe2O3, Mo, Cu, Ni and Ti powders as raw materials. Low temperature self-propagating wear-resistant coating was prepared on the inner wall of aluminum alloy cylinder parts by thermal spraying ignition condensation centrifugal self-propagating fusion technology. XRD, DSC and SEM were used to study the microstructure, thermodynamic properties and cross-section morphology of the coating after thermal reaction of four kinds of low-temperature self-propagating materials with different proportions. The preparation process parameters of the coating were optimized by orthogonal test, including the amount of coating, the rotation speed of self-propagating centrifuge and the reaction time of self-propagating coating. The results show that the addition of Si, Mo and Zn powders in the four low temperature self-propagating powder systems can reduce the occurrence temperature of aluminothermic reaction; the optimal process parameters for coating preparation are rotational speed of 2000r/min, powder filling amount of 0.9g/cm3 and rotational reaction time of 16S.The results show that the coating with 20wt.% Al, 60wt.% Fe2O3, 12wt.% Si, 4wt.% Mo and 4wt.% Zn has better density and interface adhesion.

In this contribution, we developed a simple, scalable, and universal strategy to exfoliate conjugated porous polymers (CPPs) into 2D nanosheets. A series of pyrenyl (Py)-, benzene (B)-, thienyl (T)-, thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (Tt)- and dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]thiophene (Ttt)-based CPPs were facilely exfoliated into 2D ultrathin sheets with a thickness of 5–18 nm in reasonable yields of 6–20% upon sonication in N-methyl pyrrolidone. Owing to more exposed active sites and shorter migration distances of charge carriers, the photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of the CPP 2-D nanosheets is 1.5–20 times higher than those of their bulk counterparts. The current study represents the first systematic report on the solvent-assisted exfoliation of CPP materials to produce 2D ultrathin lamellae from bulk CPPs with common structures, which might provide new possibilities for the practical application of 2D CPPs.

Semiconductor heterojunctions benefiting from efficient charge transfer and separation have been widely used in photocatalysis. Herein, heterojunctions based on polymeric and inorganic semiconductors, namely PyOT@TiO2, have been successfully constructed via in situ C–H activation polycondensation of the pyrene unit (Py-) and 3-(2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethoxy)thiophene unit (-OT) in the presence of titanium dioxide (TiO2). The combination of the polymeric semiconductor PyOT with TiO2 not only broadens the light response of TiO2, but also dramatically promotes the photo-generation exciton separation of PyOT. As a result, the optimized 50% PyOT@TiO2 composite exhibited extensive visible light absorption (400–520 nm) and the highest photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate using ascorbic acid (AA) as the sacrificial agent, which is approximately 135 and 21 times higher than those of single-components TiO2 and PyOT, respectively. Mechanistic study by XPS, M–S plots and hydroxyl radical detection tests revealed the p–n heterojunction characteristics of PyOT@TiO2 that contributed to the enhanced photocatalytic performance. Our work develops a promising strategy for the in situ construction of polymeric–inorganic soft–hard heterostructures via atom-economic C–H activation polymerization.

A plethora of environmental risk factors has been persistently implicated in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), including metal/metalloids. This study aimed to examine potential associations between cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) metal/metalloids and ALS risks. CSF concentrations of copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) in ALS (spinal- and bulbar-onset) patients and controls were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results from this study revealed marked differences between control, spinal-onset, and bulbar-onset groups. We report that Cu levels were lower in the ALS and spinal-onset groups compared to the control group. Ni level were higher in the spinal-onset group compared to the control and bulbar-onset groups. In addition, associations between CSF metal/metalloid levels with disease severity, sex, and serum triglycerides were also examined to broach the potential relevance of neurotoxic metal/metalloids in ALS disease heterogeneity.

How to prompt higher photocatalytic hydrogen production (PHP) efficiency from water to achieve practical applications still remains a big challenge with conjugated porous polymers (CPP)-based photocatalysts. Herein, we developed a simple and efficient cosolvent-assisted strategy to significantly improve the photocatalytic efficiency of CPP-based photocatalysts by introducing water-soluble aprotic bipolar co-solvents, including N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), and N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP). The PHP activity of the pyrene–bithiophene-based CPP (named CP-St) using ascorbic acid (AA) as a sacrificial electron donor could be excellently accelerated in the presence of an aprotic bipolar NMP solvent. CP-St dispersed in an NMP/H2O/AA mixed solution under visible-light (λ > 420 nm) irradiation without the aid of a Pt cocatalyst achieved an unprecedented hydrogen evolution rate (HER) of 190.7 mmol h−1 g−1. As a result, 6 mg CP-St amazingly produced 128.1 mL H2 (∼5.72 mmol) under visible-light irradiation for only 5 h. Excitingly, by introducing 0.5 wt% Pt cocatalyst into the NMP/H2O/AA system, the HER of CP-St could be further boosted to 303.7 mmol h−1 g−1 (1.82 mmol h−1/6 mg), which represents the highest photocatalytic HER ever reported. This outstanding photocatalytic performance is mainly ascribed to the enhanced dispersity, strong hydrogen-bond interactions, and exfoliation effect by the NMP solvent. This study provides us with some new design ideas and opportunities for effectively catering to the actual hydrogen production demand.

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. The quantification of immunoblotting images was analyzed by image J. Fig. S2. Immunoblotting analysis of AKT and nuclear CREB5 expression after down regulated AKT expression. Fig. S3. The positive percentage of Ki67 increased in CREB5 overexpression tissues. Fig. S4. The quantification of immunoblotting images was analyzed by image J. Fig. S5. RT-PCR was used to detect the effect of CREB5 on the expression of mitochondrial-related gene in HN4 and HN30 cells. Fig. S6. Immunoblotting analysis of TOP1MT expression in untreated or KG-501 treated or KG-501/MK2206 treated cisplatin-resistant cells. Fig. S7. The quantification of immunoblotting images was analyzed by image J. Fig. S8. Cisplatin resistance enhances mitochondrial activity of HNSCC cells. Fig. S9. CREB5 regulates mitochondrial activity through TOP1MT. Fig. S10. The quantification of immunoblotting images was analyzed by image J. Table S1. Primary antibodies used in this study. Table S2. The primers used for real-time PCR analysis. Table S3. The small interfering RNA (siRNA) sequences used in this study. Table S4. Sequences of ChIP-PCR primers among TOP1MT promoter region.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used in this study. Fig. S1. Comparation of genomeediting tool developed by Yang et al. [1] or used in ourstudy. A CYC1TT scar would leave in the genome after each round of gene editing in theprevious method. However, markerless genome editing could be achieved using ourmethod. Fig. S2. Maps of plasmids usedfor markerless genome editing in P. pastoris. A Plasmid pJQ was usedas the mother vector for the construction of markerless gene deletion orknock-in plasmids. B Map of plasmid used for markerless gene deletion. CMap of plasmid used for markerless gene knock-in. Fig.S3. qPCR results showing the mRNA expressions of IPSgene of JQ08 under aerobic (DO: 30%) and hypoxic (DO: 15%) conditions.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used in this study. Table S2. qRT-PCR primers used in this study. Table S3. Comparison of enzymatic properties of TlGa15B-GA2 and ReGa15A. Fig. S1. SDS-PAGE analysis of the recombinant ReGa15A. Fig. S2. The thermostability of the purified recombinant ReGa15A. Fig. S3. Multiple sequence alignment of ReGa15A (GenBank: CAC28076.1) and TlGa15B. Fig. S4. SDS-PAGE analysis of the recombinant ReGa15A, TlGa15B-GA2 and mutants. Fig. S5. MD simulation analysis of TlGa15B-GA2 and mutants.

Additional file 1: Table S1. The primers used for real-time PCR analysis. Figure S1. FTIR spectra of folic acid (FA) and folic acid derived carbon dots (FA-CDs) prepared in this research. Figure S2. H1 NMR spectra of FA. Figure S3. H1 NMR spectra of FA-CDs. Figure S4. Biocompatibility and cellular uptake CDs in RAW264.7 cells. (A) CCK8 assay of RAW264.7 cells after incubation with different concentration of CDs for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. (B) Live & dead staining of RAW264.7 cells incubated with different concentration of CDs for 24 h. Scar bar: 40 μm (C) Cellular uptake of CDs in RAW264.7 cells with or without LPS stimulation, or LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells with FRs pre-blocked. Scar bar: 50 μm.

3,4-Ethylene dioxythiophene (EDOT), as a monomer of commercial conductive poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT), has been facilely incorporated into a series of new π-conjugated polymer-based photocatalysts

the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the risk of asthma and multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in interleukin 7 receptor (This is a hospital- based case- control study. A total of 430 patients with asthma were continuously recruited. Four SNPs withinThe rs1494558-G and rs1800795-C were associated with an increased risk of asthma, adjusted ORs (95% CI) was 1.81 (1.29-2.42) and 1.75 (1.20-2.28), respectively. GMDR indicated that the test accuracy for two-locus model involving rs1800795 and smoking was 0.5721, and theThe rs1494558-G and rs1800795-C alleles, gene- environment interaction between rs1800795 and smoking were all associated with increased asthma risk.

Additional file 1: The Ramachandran plot of homology modeling for TlGa15B.

Additional file 2: SDS-PAGE analysis of the recombinant TlGa15B and mutants. Lane 1, 3, 5, the culture supernatant of transformants TlGa15B, TlGa15-GA1, and TlGa15-GA2; lane 2, 4, 6, the purified TlGa15B, TlGa15-GA1, and TlGa15-GA2.

Additional file 6: The specific activity of TlGa15B and its mutants in the temperature range from 20 to 90 ℃.

Additional file 4 LC-MS/MS analysis of the formation of disulfide bonds in the TlGa15B mutants. a: the disulfide-linked peptide SNPSGGLCT/SASGPCA (132C/492C); b: the disulfide-linked peptide PLWYCIV/SAIPCSA (548C/562C).

Additional file 1: Figure S1. A summary of the micro plasma processing system.

Additional file 3: The thermostability of the purified recombinant TlGa15B.

Additional file 5: The modeled structure of TlGa15B-GA2. Six candidate mutated sites away from the catalytic center were indicated in blue balls. Two disulfide bonds were indicated as yellow sticks.

Additional file 7: Primers used in this study.

In response to the borehole instability problems such as wellbore collapse and sand production, which often occur in drilling and completion, a thermosensitive screen technology that can expand spontaneously at a specific temperature has been developed. The radial expansion of the screen allows for annulus filling and borehole strengthening. This paper provides a theoretical evaluation of the comprehensive performance of the thermosensitive screen on wellbore collapse. The results show that the thermosensitive screen barely expands before reaching the conversion temperature, which facilitates the screen's descent into the target depth. After reaching the destination depth, it can be stimulated to expand under the influence of conditions such as formation temperature. The extruding stress after screen expansion contacting the wellbore wall can effectively improve the stress distribution around the near-wellbore and reduce the shear instability caused by the difference between the maximum and minimum principal stress of the formation, while at the completion stage of production, it can effectively improve the flowing downhole pressure, thus increasing the drawdown pressure.

Additional file 2. Supplementary Table legends and supplementary Figures.

Correction for ‘EDOT-based conjugated polymers accessed via C–H direct arylation for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production’ by Zhi-Rong Tan et al., Chem. Sci., 2022, DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05784g.

In the development of Nb3Sn superconducting strands, the improvement of the non-Cu critical current density ( $J_{{\rm{c}}}$ ) has been greatly emphasized. Different Nb3Sn strands were manufactured by the bronze route artificially doped with titanium in bronze. The influences of bronze on Nb volume ratio, filament material, filament diameter, and heat treatment were studied. In this paper, bronze-to-Nb volume ratio affected $J_{{\rm{c}}}$ slightly due to the formation of the Sn shortage and similar Nb3Sn volume after heat treatment. The study of filament diameter indicates that $J_{{\rm{c}}}$ increases largely as the filament diameter reduces for the full reaction. Different heat treatment times at 575 °C, 650 °C, and 675 °C will result in various performances. According to microstructure images, residual Nb core can be seen in each filament. Bigger average grain size will lead to lower $J_{{\rm{c}}}$ .

With the continuous progress of science and technology, China is transforming into the field of industrial automation, striving to contribute to the liberation of labor force and the realization of assembly line industrial automation. The operation of the traditional automatic electromechanical control system(AECS) still needs a lot of manual operation, which is difficult to realize the development of all automation of electromechanical control. The new AECS proposed at present is to realize the automation, intelligent and remote control of electromechanical control system, and truly take the control system as the center for electromechanical control production.Therefore, this paper puts forward the design and application of AECS based on PLC technology. Through research, this paper expounds the AECS based on PLC technology and its application. PLC technology can realize automation and integrated control in system control, compact structure, and can accommodate the conversion of many digital signals to realize its control function of the system, study the software design of AECS, mainly design the input interface and output interface. In order to understand the application and performance of PLC technology in automatic electromechanical system, this paper compares and analyzes the fuzzy PID control error of PLC technology and the performance of AECS based on PLC technology with traditional AECS. The experimental results show that in the comparative analysis of simulation experiments between the performance of AECS based on PLC technology and traditional AECS, the proportion coefficient of traditional AECS is 1.63, the integral time constant is -1.06, and the differential time constant is 0.29, while the proportion coefficient of AECS based on PLC technology is 0.56, the integral time constant is 0.37 and the differential time constant is 1.18. The deviation of AECS based on PLC technology is smaller than that of traditional automatic electromechanical control, and the static error is also smaller, but its response speed is faster and its performance is better.

The case of a Chinese patient with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), who showed typical neurological symptoms of the disease, is reported here. Since the presence of anti-HTLV-1 antibody was not investigated, this patient’s diagnosis of HAM/TSP was delayed for 4 years. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple spotty lesions in the cervical spinal cord, probably reflecting pathological changes known as perivascular lymphocytic infiltrations of the spinal cord. As this is the first case report of a HAM/TSP patient in China, it is suggested that serological testing for HTLV-1 should be considered in patients with spastic paraparesis even in areas that are non-endemic for HTLV-1. Keywords: HTLV-1, HAM/TSP, China, MRI, Multiple spotty lesions

The application of peer to peer (P2P) technology has brought convenience to people, however, it has caused some social problems such as copyright infringement and the spread of Trojans and viruses. In order to effectively monitor malicious activities and security violations, it is essential to build a data traceability framework, with which each data object in the P2P environment can be tracked and recorded. Blockchain technology provides a promising mechanism for establishing a file distribution traceability system due to the natures, such as openness, decentralization and anti-tampering. In this article, we propose BTS-PD, a blockchain based traceability system for P2P distribution. The related information of P2P seed file is stored in the blockchain to ensure the credibility of the traceability information. InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) is used to store the P2P seed to expand the storage of the fabric blockchain. Based on BTS-PD, it becomes more credible and convenient for tracking security of P2P distribution. Implemented based on the Hyperledger Fabric, the experiment results show that BTS-PD can work well and support normal P2P distribution.

Small-thrust liquid-pulsed thrusters can achieve higher efficiency and more accurate control when operating in pulsed mode. However, the pulsed characteristic makes it challenging to measure the thrust. This paper describes a thrust stand for directly measuring the pulsed thrust from small-thrust liquid-pulsed thrusters. The proposed stand is based on a unique piezoelectric dynamometer on which the thruster is mounted through a connecting frame. A thrust experiment is conducted by applying a trapezoidal pulsed force, similar to the thrust generated by small-thrust liquid-pulsed thrusters, to the thrust stand. The experimental results show that the thrust stand can quickly trace the input trapezoidal force signal, although its output waveform exhibits obvious oscillations. Based on the experimental frequency response data, a thrust stand transfer function model is constructed, and this model is used to analyze the dynamic response performance of the thrust stand. The step response and trapezoidal pulse response of the thrust stand are obtained, and the influence of the damping ratio on the dynamic performance of the thrust stand is analyzed. A damping compensation transfer function is established to improve the dynamic measurement performance of the thrust stand. Compensated results are obtained by using the raw output from the thrust stand as the input to the damping compensation transfer function. The damping compensation method does not change the natural frequencies of the thrust stand, does not need any additional filtering process, effectively eliminates the waveform oscillations of the thrust stand output, and ensures good consistency between the input and output signals.

Decreased autophagy has been reported to contribute to the progression of cardiac hypertrophy. Our previous research has demonstrated that endophilin A2 (EndoA2) attenuates H(2)O(2)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by strengthening autophagy. However, the role of EndoA2 in the regulation of autophagy in cardiac hypertrophy is unknown. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that EndoA2 suppresses cardiac hypertrophy induced by isoproterenol (ISO) by activating autophagy. In vivo, we established a cardiac hypertrophy model by subcutaneous injection of ISO and used intramyocardial delivery of adenovirus vector harboring EndoA2 cDNA (Ad-EndoA2) to overexpress EndoA2. The cardiac hypertrophic response and autophagy level were measured. EndoA2 overexpression suppressed pathological cardiac hypertrophy and enhanced autophagy in rat hearts. In addition, the effects of EndoA2 on cardiac hypertrophy and autophagy were observed in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) with gain- and loss-of-function approaches to regulate EndoA2 expression. The results were consistent with those of the in vivo study. Furthermore, the involvement of EndoA2-mediated autophagy in the attenuation of ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy was explored by pharmaceutical inhibition of autophagy. Pretreatment with 3-methyladenine (3-MA) clearly diminished the anti-hypertrophic effects of EndoA2 in ISO-treated NRCMs. The results presented here provide the first evidence that EndoA2 is involved in ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy. The anti-hypertrophic effects of EndoA2 can be partially attributed to its regulation of autophagy.

Table S2. Gene ontology analysis revealed 12 candidate genes for miR-196a whose altered expression could contribute to the chemoresistant phenotype. (DOC 40 kb)

Table S4. Sequences of the RIP primers for LINC00460. (DOCX 16 kb)

Table S5. Relationship between plasma exosomal miR-196a level and clinicopathologic features in HNC; Table S6. Cox proportional hazards regression models for estimating overall survival related to Table S5. (DOC 86 kb)

Table S2. Sequences of the qRT-PCR primers. (DOCX 17 kb)

Table S2. The primers used in this study. (DOC 14 kb)

Figures S1â S24. with figure legends. (PDF 14700 kb)

Table S4. The differentially expressed miRNA in 3 pairs of NFs and CAFs. (DOC 234 kb)

Table S1. The RRIDs of the cell lines used in this study. (DOCX 15 kb)

Table S7. Primary antibodies used in this study. (DOC 58 kb)

Figure S1. Co-culture with CAFs prompts the malignant phenotypes of HNC cells. Figure S2. Identification of exosomes purified from CAFs and NFs. Figure S3. Treatment with fibroblast-exosomes prompts the malignant phenotypes of HNC cells. Figure S4. MiR-3188 expression in HNC cells after transfected with miR-3188 mimics or inhibitor. Figure S5. miR-3188 inhibits the growth of HN30 cells and facilitates the apoptosis of HN30 cells in vitro. Figure S6. Functional analyses of the effects of miR-3188 on HNC cell migration and invasion. Figure S7. BCL2 facilitates the growth of HN30 cells and inhibits the apoptosis of HN30 cells in vitro. Figure S8. The expression of Cyclin D1 in HNC cells after BCL2 knockdown or overexpression. Figure S9. BCL2 expression was recovered by the transfection of BCL2 expression vector in miR-3188-expressing HNC cells. Figure S10. MiR-3188 expression in CAL27, NFs and exosomes after transfection of miR-3188 mimics or inhibitor. Figure S11. MiR-3188 and BCL2 mRNA expression in xenografts. Figure S12. MiR-3188 expression in HNC tissues and plasma of HNC patients. Figure S13. The correlation of plasma miR-3188 expression and clinicopathological characteristics of HNC patients. (PPTX 22445 kb)