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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury has become a health problem that generates significant costs in the years of a person's productive life. Current rehabilitation approaches after ACL surgery are focused on achieving full range of motion, increasing quadriceps strength to achieve functional gait at an early stage. However, there is no "gold standard" in the type and dose of therapeutic exercises in this type of patients, considering the current evidence that demonstrates changes in the functional and structural reorganization of the central nervous system, which causes low excitability of the motor and corticospinal cortex, and decreased muscle activation of the quadriceps, which produce less muscle strength, dysfunctional movement patterns, and increased risk of re-tear up to 2 years after the injury. Objective: To determine the effectiveness and safety of the addition of a cross-education program with visual biofeedback, mirror therapy and virtual reality compared to standard treatment in patients with anterior cruciate ligament surgery. Material and Methods: Fifty patients under surgery of anterior cruciate ligament tear independent of surgery will be selected, referred to the physical medicine and rehabilitation service, who will undergo a cross-education training program with visual biofeedback, mirror therapy and virtual reality in addition to standard treatment in the first six weeks. Three evaluations will be performed, one at the beginning of the study, the next after six weeks of treatment and at 6 months of treatment. The range of motion with goniometry, pain with the visual analogue scale (VAS), fear of movement with the Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia (TSK), quadriceps circumference with a tape measure, and knee functionality with the KOOS (Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score) score will be assessed as dependent variables. Expected results: It is expected that after six weeks of treatment of the addition of the cross-education training program with visual biofeedback, mirror therapy and virtual reality in operative patients of the anterior cruciate ligament, they will have full extension range of motion, with a effect size of 0.8. At 6 months of treatment, the addition of a cross-education training program with visual biofeedback, mirror therapy and virtual reality in post-Anterior Cruciate Ligament surgery patients is expected to improve all other clinical variables compared to the standard treatment group. Finally, it is expected that, 12 months after starting treatment, the group treated with cross-education with visual biofeedback, mirror therapy and virtual reality will present a lower rate of re-tear than the group with standard treatment.

LV intrinsic systolic cardiac function in cirrhotic patients is conditioned by the degree of sympathetic activation and the use of non-selective beta-blockers (NSBBs). Systolic function can be non-invasively measured by ultrasound using Ejection Intraventricular Pressure Differences in the LV (EIVPD). We aimed to address the relationship between systolic function and long-term clinical outcomes using EIVPD.We studied 45 Child-Pugh B or C patients (13 female, 24 on NSBBs) using echocardiography. The primary endpoint was the combination of any-cause mortality or liver transplantation. After a follow-up of 7 years (796 person-months) and a median period of 17 (10-42) months, 41 patients (91%) reached the primary endpoint: 13 (29%) died and 28 (62%) underwent transplantation.By univariable analysis the primary endpoint was related exclusively to MELD score. However, in a multivariable proportional-hazards analysis, adjusted for age, sex and MELD score, EIVPD was inversely related to the primary endpoint, showing interaction with NSBBs. In patients without NSBBs, EIVPD inversely predicted the primary endpoint, whereas in patients with NSBBs, EIVPD was unrelated to outcomes. These relationships were undetected by myocardial strain or conventional cardiac indices.LV intrinsic systolic function, as noninvasively measured by EIVPD is a predictor of long-term outcomes in patients with cirrhosis. The prognostic value of EIVPD is present along any degree of liver dysfunction but blunted by NSBBs. Because NSBBs have a deep effect on myocardial contractility, these drugs need to be considered when assessing the prognostic implications of cardiac function in these patients.

In this paper, we consider the time decay of the solutions to some problems arising in strain gradient thermoelasticity. We restrict to the two-dimensional case, and we assume that two dissipative mechanisms are introduced, the temperature and the mass dissipation. First, we show that this problem is well-posed proving that the operator defining it generates a contractive semigroup of linear operators. Then, assuming that the function involving the coupling terms is elliptic, the exponential decay of the solutions is concluded as well as the analyticity of the solutions. Finally, we describe how to obtain the exponential stability in the case of hyperbolic dissipation.

BACKGROUND: Recent evidence has suggested that reversal of gray or white matter abnormalities could be a criterion of recovery in patients with chronic pain. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of exercise-based interventions in reversing gray and white matter abnormalities in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. METHODS: An electronic search was performed in the MEDLINE (Via PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, PEDro, and CENTRAL databases for articles published up to November 2022. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) including patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain, which assessed the change in gray and white matter abnormalities after exercise-based interventions were selected. The risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias II tool. RESULTS: Four RCTs were included (n= 386). Three studies showed reversal of abnormalities with exercise-based interventions compared to control groups. The reversal was observed in the gray matter volume in the medial orbital prefrontal cortex and in the supplementary motor area of patients with osteoarthritis, in the hippocampus, insula, amygdala and thalamus in fibromyalgia patients. Furthermore, in patients with chronic spinal pain, reversal was observed in the gray matter thickness of the frontal middle caudal cortex and in the caudate, putamen and thalamus gray matter volume. CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence to determine the effectiveness of exercise-based interventions for reversing gray and white matter abnormalities in patients with chronic pain. Further studies are still needed in this field.

La educación actual demanda un cambio innovador que implica el uso constante de la tecnología tanto en las aulas de clase como fuera de ellas. La introducción de las TIC permite convertir una enseñanza convencional en una clase dinámica y motivadora, a su vez, el estudiante despierta el interés y la curiosidad por adquirir nuevos conocimientos; de tal manera que, para los educadores, el empleo de la tecnología juega un papel importante en el proceso de enseñanza. Cabe destacar que los videos educativos puede ser una estrategia didáctica aplicable en el proceso de enseñanza y retroalimentación. En el caso de la herramienta PowToon esta funciona en línea y requiere de un dispositivo como; Tablet, computadora portátil, computadora de escritorio o un teléfono inteligente. En este escenario, el presente artículo busca indagar acerca del conocimiento y a su vez proponer el uso de videos educativos creados con la aplicación o software PowToon. Trabajo de investigación

El objetivo de la presente investigación está dirigido al fortalecimiento de la lectura comprensiva mediante el uso de estrategias innovadoras, de manera puntualcon Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos, el trabajo fue desarrollado con estudiantes en edad de once años que pertenecen una institución urbana de la ciudad de Cuenca, en la propuesta consta una evaluación de partida para después aplicar la estrategia de trabajo que se extendió a cuatro horas de trabajo y después evaluar una actividad final, con esta planificación de trabajo se pudo cotejar la situación del antes y el después de aplicada la clase innovadora, con esto se comprobó que el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos es una propuesta aplicable frente a las falencias en la lectura comprensiva Trabajo de investigación

El cáncer de piel es una de las enfermedades que más muertes causa mundialmente, siendo especialmente conocida por la agresividad con la que esta enfermedad se propaga. Sin embargo, la tasa de supervivencia es alta si los melanomas son detectados en etapas iniciales, siendo diagnosticados inicialmente por su tamaño, forma y coloración antes de continuar con procesos invasivos. En el presente paper se muestra una propuesta de aplicación como una herramienta aplicando técnicas de machine learning y procesamiento de imágenes que sea capaz de facilitar el diagnóstico de los melanomas categorizándolos por las características presentadas por la lesión analizada, con el propósito de ayudar al especialista en el diagnóstico del tratamiento que el paciente con esta lesión cutánea deba tomar.

El reclutamiento y selección de aspirantes a la policía en México pasa por diversas etapas en la Carrera Policial, donde la liminalidad juega un papel crucial. Identificar y abordar los vacíos y espacios caracterizados por indeterminación, ambigüedad, hibridez y cambio permitirá desarrollar una Carrera Policial homogénea, logrando así contar con fuerzas policiales eficientes y eficaces para mantener la paz y el orden en la sociedad.

Alta percepción de autoeficacia (PAE) y sentir emociones positivas durante la búsqueda y gestión de la información en internet generan motivación en los estudiantes y son factores relevantes que inciden en su rendimiento académico. Por lo tanto, este estudio buscó identificar, caracterizar y analizar, a través de un cuestionario tipo Likert, la PAE y emociones mencionadas por 334 estudiantes de 5° y 6° año de enseñanza básica, pertenecientes a cinco colegios vulnerables de la Región Metropolitana de Chile, durante la realización tareas de búsqueda y gestión de información en ciencias. Se identificaron dos perfiles de respuestas, siendo 39% pertenecientes al perfil 1 (baja PAE y emociones negativas) y el 61% al perfil 2 (alta PAE y emociones positivas). La caracterización indica que, en los perfiles, la PAE y las emociones de los estudiantes tiene relación con el colegio al cual pertenecen, además, los alumnos de 5° básico tiene una PAE más baja, que los de 6°. Los colegios cuyos estudiantes tienen una baja PAE, también indican emociones negativas durante la realización de la tarea, evidenciando que la educación emocional y la enseñanza de competencias informacionales contribuyen a enfrentar mejor la resolución de la tarea en ciencias y el aprendizaje.

Aims To analyse the histological structure and histomorphometric characteristics of human hard palatal mucosa in order to determine the donor site of choice for connective tissue grafts from a histological point of view. Materials and Methods Palatal mucosa samples from six cadaver heads were harvested at four sites: incisal, premolar, molar and tuberosity. Histological and immunohistochemical techniques were performed, as was histomorphometric analysis. Results In the current study, we found that the density and size of cells were higher in the superficial papillary layer, whereas the thickness of the collagen bundles increased in the reticular layer. Excluding the epithelium, the mean percentage of lamina propria (LP) and submucosa (SM) was 37% and 63%, respectively (p

The fungus Macrophomina phaseolina is a phytopathogen of great importance attacking various crops and causing severe losses especially in sorghum, beans, soybeans and others. Since acetic indole acid (AIA) is a hormone that some authors associate with the pathogenic power of other fungi such as Fusarium oxysporum, it was decided to perform this work to detect whether M phaseolina isolated from beans is layers of producing AIA and which synthesis pathways are involved in its production. The analyses performed using HPLC showed the production of indole acetamide (ACM) that occurs in the first 60 hours of incubation. Another compound produced is Indole (IND) which is released after 60 hours when ACM production has ceased. Similarly, the fungus can metabolize AIA in the culture medium and tryptophan, the main precursor of AIA, apparently has no effect on the amount of AIA synthesized. Conclusion: The phytopathogenic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina can produce indole acetic acid, a hormone that stimulates plant growth through the TRP-D pathway via indole acetamide, which occurs mainly in the first 60 hours of growth of the fungus in the culture medium. In addition, the presence of indole was detected, which allows us to estimate that the fungus uses another little explored route that is TRP-I and that from this compound the AIA can be synthesized directly or transformed into TRP. This means that when a metabolic pathway of IAA is turned off (ACM) it is replaced by another pathway (Indole). The convenient is to correlate the release of indole acetic acid with the pathogenicity of M phaseolina.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) in adults. These lymphomas are classified according to gene expression profiling (GEP) into germinal center B-cell (GCB) and activated B-cell type (ABC). Recent studies have suggested new subtypes of large B-cell lymphoma, based on genetic and molecular alterations, among them is large B-cell lymphoma with IRF4-rearrangement (LBCL-IRF4). We used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), GEP (using the DLBCL COO assay by HTG Molecular Inc), and next generation sequencing (NGS) to comprehensively characterize 30 cases of LBCLs located in Waldeyer’s ring in adult patients and to identify LBCL-IRF4. FISH revealed breaks of IRF4 in 2/30 cases (6.7%), BCL2 breaks in 6/30 cases (20.0%), and IGH breaks in 13/29 cases (44.8%). GEP classified 14 cases each as GCB or ABC subtype, and 2 cases remained unclassified; this was concordant with the immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 25/30 cases (83.3%). A subgrouping, based on GEP, was performed: group 1 included 14 GCB cases with the most frequent mutations in BCL2 and EZH2 in 6/14 cases (42.8%). The two cases with IRF4 rearrangement were assigned to this group by GEP and showed IRF4 mutations, supporting the diagnosis of LBCL-IRF4. Group 2 included 14 ABC cases; the most frequent mutations were CD79B and MYD88 identified in 5/14 patients (35.7%). Group 3 included 2 unclassifiable cases in which no molecular patterns were detected. Overall, LBCLs of Waldeyer’s ring in adult patients are a heterogeneous group, including LBCL-IRF4, which shares several features with cases in the pediatric population.

Los emprendedores del sector productivo, son muy importantes para el desarrollo de la economía del país, por lo tanto, es necesario conocer los elementos de su entorno, e identificar qué sectores empresariales y gubernamentales los apoyan para su desarrollo sustentable y sostenible; el objetivo de la investigación consiste en brindar propuestas de mejora sobre fortalecimiento del ecosistema emprendedor para la competitividad de las MIPYMES incorporando herramientas y estrategias tecnológicas, enfatizando en la zona Oriental de El Salvador, considerando que existen algunas diferencias en las características emprendedoras y tipos de emprendimiento dependiendo de la zona del país. En la actualidad, la innovación tecnológica se convierte en un instrumento clave y necesario para el desarrollo económico y social de un país, en especial dentro de las empresas que deben de incorporar dentro de sus modelos de negocios, herramientas tecnológicas en la producción, comercialización, y dentro de su propuesta de valor. Se pretende analizar las diferentes tecnologías existentes dentro del contexto de la revolución 4.0, enfatizando en las que se pueden adaptar con una estrategia sostenible, en el contexto de las MIPYMES y sobre sus usos aplicaciones, hacer una comparación con las características empresariales, para establecer recomendaciones y acciones estratégicas, sobre las herramientas tecnológicas de mayor utilización y aprovechamiento para el incremento de la competitividad de las empresas ubicadas en la zona Oriental de El Salvador.

Las urgencias dermatológicas son poco frecuentes, pero refiere a manifestaciones clínicas cutáneas que deben ser atendidas de forma inmediata. Existen pocas patologías que pueden considerarse como urgencias dentro de esta rama, pero en este artículo se describirán dos patologías dermatológicas de interés; la Eritrodermia exfoliativa y el Síndrome de Stevens Johnson, se tratarán los temas como; etología, manifestaciones clínicas, y sus tratamientos. La eritrodermia exfoliativa es una patología poco frecuente por lo que existe escasa literatura sobre este tema. Es una reacción cutánea que produce eritema en aproximadamente más del 70% de la piel. Se acompaña de descamación, prurito, exfoliación de la piel, y alopecia. La eritrodermia exfoliativa aparece como una inflamación generalizada secundaria a dermatosis crónicas. El Síndrome de Stevens Johnsons y la necrólisis epidérmica tóxica tienen una alta tasa de mortalidad, generalmente son el resultado de interacciones medicamentosas adversas cuyas manifestaciones clínicas afectan la piel y mucosas, es importante investigar cual fue el fármaco que desencadenó dicho síndrome y retirar el agente causal e iniciar terapias de apoyo.

Humulus lupulus (commonly known as hop) is an herbaceous plant that is used in brewing throughout the world. Hop cones are an essential ingredient in the production of beer, which makes hops of critical importance to global craft beverage industries. The hop cyst nematode, Heterodera humuli, is a plant-parasitic nematode with the potential to substantially limit yields of hop. H. humuli has been detected in many of the most significant regions for hop production worldwide, and infestations of H. humuli can consequently impact hop growth and limit cone production. Despite documented reports on the distribution of and damage caused by H. humuli since its description in 1934, there have been limited studies on the biology, pathogenicity, management, and consequences of infestations on hop production over time. Inconsistencies and gaps in the available information (e.g., the number of H. humuli generations per season, host status of alternate crops), exacerbate difficulties in understanding how H. humuli can be managed. Resolving the existing knowledge gaps identified within this review can lead to determining effective H. humuli management strategies for hop growers.

NPM1 is among the most frequently mutated genes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Mutations in the NPM1 gene result in the increased export of NPM1 to the cytoplasm (NPM1c) and are associated with multiple transforming events including the aberrant upregulation of MEIS1 that maintains stem cell and cell cycle–associated pathways in NPM1c AML. However, another consequence of the NPM1c mutation is the inadequate levels of NPM1 wild-type in the nucleus and nucleolus, caused by the loss of one wild-type allele in addition to enforced NPM1 nuclear export. The contribution of NPM1 haploinsufficiency independently of the NPM1 mutation to AML development and its relationship with MEIS1 function is poorly understood. Using mouse models, our study shows that NPM1 haploinsufficiency paired with MEIS1 overexpression is sufficient to induce a fully penetrant AML in mice that transcriptionally resembles human NPM1c AML. NPM1 haploinsufficiency alters MEIS1-binding occupancies such that it binds the promoter of the oncogene structural maintenance of chromosome protein 4 (SMC4) in NPM1 haploinsufficient AML cells but not in NPM1 wild-type–harboring Hoxa9/Meis1-transformed cells. SMC4 is higher expressed in haploinsufficient and NPM1c+ AML cells, which are more vulnerable to the disruption of the MEIS1-SMC4 axis compared with AML cells with nonmutated NPM1. Taken together, our study underlines that NPM1 haploinsufficiency on its own is a key factor of myeloid leukemogenesis and characterizes the MEIS1-SMC4 axis as a potential therapeutic target in this AML subtype.

La investigación examina la aplicación del valor de mercado en las entidades de gobierno en Colombia y algunas problemáticas asociadas; para esto, se realizó un estudio de caso. En el presente documento se muestran los resultados de una revisión de la literatura relacionada con las críticas a las mediciones, utilizando el valor razonable y el valor de mercado en las entidades de gobierno. Posteriormente, se examinan los principales impactos financieros por la aplicación del valor de mercado como alternativa de medición en la entidad objeto de estudio, complementando con una entrevista semiestructurada a funcionarios involucrados en el proceso para establecer la percepción sobre el criterio de medición. Producto de lo anterior se evidencia que la medición a valor de mercado, en la entidad de estudio, puede resultar adecuado para obtener información actualizada y de utilidad, especialmente para el proceso de rendición de cuentas; sin embargo, podría ser riesgoso al tratar de vincular este criterio de valoración en contextos de no mercado, afectando la transparencia y confiabilidad de la información contable.

Vasoactive peptides play an important role in a wide range of physiological and pathological conditions. Due to its known functions, the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been suggested as a possible modulator of the hyperimmune response in COVID-19 and thus, blocking its action may lessen the pulmonary effects of COVID-19.To compare the circulating levels of CGRPα and CGRPβ in healthy controls compared to hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The study also analyzed how different comorbidities and treatments may affect these concentrations in cases of COVID-19 infection with pulmonary involvement METHODS: Serum samples were collected from the antecubital vein of 51 control subjects (mean age = 55 ± 14 years; range = 26-77; 56.9% female) and 52 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection (mean age = 55 ± 13; range = 23-77; 55.8% female) from December 2020 to May 2021. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used for CGRPα (Abbexa, UK) and CGRPβ (CUSABIO, China) measurements. Comorbidities, symptoms, and treatments of infection were listed.The results showed that the serum levels of both isoforms of CGRP were significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 (α: 57.9 ± 35.8 pg/mL; β: 6.1 ± 2.6 pg/mL) compared to controls (α: 41.8 ± 25.4 pg/mL; β: 4.5 ± 2.4 pg/mL) (p0.01). Also, the presence of arterial hypertension (HT), obesity, or corticosteroid treatment significantly alter the serum concentration of CGRPα in the subgroups compared to controls.The elevated serum CGRP levels found in our COVID-19 group compared to controls may suggest that CGRP plays a role in the pathophysiology of the disease, more specifically, in the cytokine storm and in the pulmonary involvement. Future studies should focus on the source of this CGRP elevation.

Hearing loss is a highly prevalent condition in the pediatric population. Pediatric maxillary expansion is a widespread treatment to address transverse maxillary deficiency. First reports describing an association between improvements for patients with HL and PME initiated in the 1960s. In this systematic review and meta-analysis we aim to review the role of maxillary expansion in reducing conductive hearing loss in pediatric population.Pubmed (Medline), the Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Trip Database were checked. Main outcome was expressed as the difference between air-bone gap, compliance, ear volume and conductive hearing thresholds before and after treatment and the 95% confidence interval.A total of 10 studies (218 patients) met inclusion criteria. The pooled data in the meta-analysis under a random effects model shows a statistically significant difference of 10.57dB mean reduction after palatal expansion. The air-bone gap was significantly reduced by 5.39dB (CI 95% 3.68, 7.10). Compliance and volume were assessed in three studies, with a non-significant positive difference in the compliance (0.14) and a statistically significant difference for volume (0.80) after palatal expansion.This systematic review and meta-analysis found a positive effect of pediatric maxillary expansion in conductive hearing loss in well-select children. However, results cannot be extrapolated for children with conductive hearing loss without an accompanying orthodontic indication (maxillary constriction). It showed that the existing prospective studies exhibited qualitative pitfalls, limiting the ability to obtain conclusive evidence about the role of pediatric maxillary expansion on conductive hearing loss in children.

The gut microbiota can be a determining factor of the health status of the host by its association with some diseases. It is known that dietary intake can modulate this microbiota through the consumption of compounds like essential oils, unsaturated fatty acids, non-digestible fiber, and probiotics, among others. However, these kinds of compounds can be damaged in the gastrointestinal tract as they pass through it to reach the intestine. This is due to the aggressive and changing conditions of this tract. For this reason, to guarantee that compounds arrive in the intestine at an adequate concentration to exert a modulatory effect on the gut microbiota, encapsulation should be sought. In this paper, we review the current research on compounds that modulate the gut microbiota, the encapsulation techniques used to protect the compounds through the gastrointestinal tract

El objetivo esencial del estudio fue determinar la influencia del Programa Mindfulness en la prevención del estrés académico en los estudiantes de educación superior. La investigación empleó el enfoque cuantitativo de tipo experimental acompañado del diseño pre experimental de causa y efecto. La muestra de estudio estuvo conformada por 25 estudiantes de la Escuela de Educación Superior Pedagógica Pública “José Salvador Cavero Ovalle”, el tipo de muestreo fue no probabilístico de tipo censal. El estadígrafo empleado fue determinado a partir de la prueba levene de normalidad, determinándose la utilización de la Prueba Z de rangos de Wilcoxon por tratarse de escalas y variables numéricas. Lo resultados arrojaron en el pre test que, el 64% de estudiantes algunas veces presentaron estrés académico, así mismo, el 24% de los estudiantes casi siempre presentaron estrés académico; mientras tanto, con el tratamiento experimental el 72% de los estudiantes rara vez presentan estrés académico; por lo que, el 20% de los estudiantes ya no presentan estrés. Se concluye que, el valor de los rangos de Wilcoxon de Z = -4,625 con el significado (bilateral) obtenido de 0,000, valor que es inferior a la región crítica α= 0,05, por lo tanto, se rechazó la hipótesis nula y se aceptó la alterna; con un nivel de significancia del 5% y un nivel de confianza del 95%, el programa Mindfulness influyo de manera significativa en la prevención del estrés académico en los estudiantes de educación superior.

Savings and Credit Cooperatives in Ecuador play a very important role in the socioeconomic development of communities, productive associations and other niches that are not financially served by traditional private banks, both national and foreign. In fact, the financial inclusion of productive and consumer units in the rural sector - above all - depends on the economic and financial sustainability of these entities. In this context, it is important to know how profitable cooperatives are in Ecuador, identifying those factors, internal and external, that explain such profitability; for this reason, this article aims to analyze the relationship between internal factors such as liquidity, management and solvency indicators; and external factors such as inflation and real GDP with the profitability of cooperatives, segment I, measured through the Return On Equity (ROE). Using econometric techniques, it is found that the country's production level and the generalized price level as external factors, maintain a statistically significant relationship with respect to the ROE of the cooperatives.

Honduras is the second country in central America along with Panamá with the greatest bat diversity, and the insectivorous bats are the most diverse in the Chiroptera order. The family Mormoopidae has the largest number of records in Honduras and these bats are important as pest control in crops where they are present. To understand the importance of the Mormoopidae family in Honduras, we need to know where it is distributed. A species distribution model is a tool that provides information on the distribution of the species, based on presences records and climate variables. We collected information from free access databases like GBIF, reports, and paper publication to obtain presence data in Honduras. To run the models, we used Maxent in dismo package. Our results show a similar distribution for all species of Mormoopidae family, the principal causes that limited the distribution of the species are ecosystem type and altitude; some species tolerated evergreen forest and others prefer dry forest, in terms of elevation, in some species is limited from lowland to 1500 m.a.s.l., like Mormoops megalophylla, Pteronotus psilotis, and Pteronotus gymnonotus, and others can inhabit above 2800 m.a.s.l., like Pteronotus fulvus, and Pteronotus mesoamericanus. We need to obtain more records of species like M. megalophylla, P. psilotis, and P. gymnonotus. More surveys in the eastern part of Honduras are necessary where there are many information gaps, this would help us to have more robust models and a better understanding of the distribution of these species.

Background. Writing is a complex skill, even more so, if the student does not handle the generic structure of the institutionalized practices imposed on Higher Education. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of direct and metalinguistic focused written corrective feedback (WCF) on information structuring connectors. Methods. This quantitative study compares focused WCF effectiveness in 39 subjects who are divided into three groups: the first one is the control group, which did not receive feedback, the second is the experimental group 1 that was corrected through direct WCF and the third one corresponds to experimental group 2 that received feedback through metalinguistic cues. Results. The findings indicate that WCF is effective for the experimental groups. There is a significant decrease in the number of errors of information-structuring connectors in experimental group 2, while experimental group 1 shows a reduction, but without statistical significance. As for the control group, it did not present improvements. In addition, the development of writing tasks corrected through metalinguistic WCF strategies led to textual cohesion improvement with the accurate use of connective devices. Conclusions. It is important to reflect on the use of focused feedback as part of the writing process, firstly, because writing cannot be taught without reviewing a student's writing, and secondly, considering that focused feedback supports the noticing of errors and decreases teacher correction time.

Remnant cholesterol has been identified as one of leading lipid values associated with the incidence of coronary heart disease. There is scarce evidence on its distribution and prognostic value in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients.We included all consecutive patients admitted for ACS in two different centers. Remnant cholesterol was calculated by the equation: total cholesterol minus low-density lipoprotein cholesterol minus high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and values ≥30 were considered high.Among the 7,479 patients, median remnant cholesterol level was 28 mg/dl (21-39) and 3,429 (45.85%) patients had levels ≥30 mg/dl. Age (r: -0.29) and body mass index (r: 0.44) were the variables more strongly correlated. At any given age, patients with overweigh or obesity had higher levels. In-hospital mortality was 3.75% (280 patients). Remnant cholesterol was not associated to higher in-hospital mortality risk (OR: 0.89; p = 0.21). After discharge (median follow-up of 57 months) an independent and linear risk of all-cause mortality and heart failure (HF) associated to cholesterol remnant levels was observed. Remnant cholesterol levels60 mg/dl were associated to higher risk of mortality (HR: 1.49 95% CI 1.08-2.06; p = 0.016), cardiovascular mortality (HR: 1.49 95% CI 1.08-2.06; p = 0.016) and HF readmission (sHR: 1.55 95% CI 1.14-2.11; p = 0.005).Elevated remnant cholesterol is highly prevalent in patients admitted for ACS and is inversely correlated with age and positively with body mass index. Remnant cholesterol levels was not associated to higher in-hospital mortality risk but they were associated with higher long-term risk of mortality and HF.Elevated remnant cholesterol is highly prevalent in patients admitted for ACS and is related to body mass index and, negatively with age. Remnant cholesterol it is not associated to higher in-hospital mortality risk but it confers higher long-term risk of mortality and heart failure.

Design Thinking (DT) sigue siendo un concepto difuso, así como sus resultados. Esto motivó la presente revisión de alcance de la literatura (2008-2022), en la cual se aplicó el marco de Arksey y O'Malley. Usando la plataforma Web of Science, se obtuvieron 2853 artículos, de los cuales solo 172 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Los resultados muestran que: (a) No existe un acuerdo en la definición de DT. (b) Hay una variedad de herramientas, técnicas y modelos utilizados para aplicar DT. (c) Las habilidades más comunes -asociadas a intervenciones de DT- son creatividad, trabajo en equipo y resolución de problemas. Solo 100 de 172 estudios incluyeron evaluaciones de las intervenciones de DT. Los instrumentos de investigación se basaron principalmente en auto reportes de estudiantes. La mayoría de los estudios empíricos reportaron un impacto positivo. (d) Solo 12 estudios empíricos involucraron grupos de control, mientras que 37 adoptaron un diseño de evaluación pre-prueba con post-prueba. Se encontró que las intervenciones de DT duraron desde 90 minutos hasta un año. La mediana del número de participantes en las intervenciones fue de 47. DT presenta una agenda de investigación interesante, pero también existe la necesidad de más estudios robustos, basados en evidencia.

A história da ciência, como prática de escrever o passado das ciências, é presente desde muito tempo, na própria prática científica (Videira, 2007), bem como na educação sobre a ciência (Hodson, 2014). Sua institucionalização enquanto campo de estudo autônomo dentro da educação em ciências, entretanto, é muito mais recente e pode ser remontada à fundação do International History, Philosophy and Science Teaching Group (IHPST) e a revista Science & Education no final dos anos 1980 e início dos anos 1990 (Hodson, 2014)...

The objective of the research was to determine a protocol for disinfection and in vitro establishment of explants from strawberry crown buds Fragaria x ananassa Var. Aroma, from the Minor Town Center Mallampampa, Huancabamba and the La Florida sector, Chontabamba district, Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru, through a randomized complete block design. Three disinfection methods were used T1 (adapted from Coba, 2009), T2 (adapted from Sánchez-Cuevas and Salaverría, 2004)and T3 (adapted from Mamani, 2005) and in the establishment were the treatments, t1 (MS+ BAP 0.5 mg l -1+ NAA 0.5 mg l-1), t2 (MS+BAP 0.5 mg l-1+ NAA 0.3 mg l-1+ GA3 0.2 mg l-1), t3 (MS+BAP 0.5 mg l-1+ IAA 0.6 mg l-1), t4 (MS+BAP 0.5 mg l-1+ IAA 0.5 mg l-1+ GA3 0.3 mg l-1) and t5 (MS without regulators). At 36 days after inoculation (dai),the best disinfection treatment was T3, because it presented less contamination by bacteria and less phenolization and without significant differences in fungi and explant survival. The best establishment medium was t3, for present a lower degree of phenolization, greater survival, sprouting and number of shoots and leaves.

Limited stocking efforts to introduce Atlantic salmon Salmo salar into Chilean rivers and streams were unsuccessful during the 20th century. Following the arrival of the aquaculture industry during the 1980s, escaped Atlantic salmon have presented an ecological risk to native taxa through predation, competition, and transmission of pathogens or parasites. However, whether commercial aquaculture strains represent the likely source of free-living Atlantic salmon in marine and freshwater environments is unclear. We used 272 single nucleotide polymorphisms to characterize free-living Atlantic salmon (n = 80) captured from 12 marine and freshwater locations in southern Chile. These were compared with 8 reference collections, 6 known commercial strains, and 2 wild populations of Atlantic salmon. We evaluated genetic structure among free-living Atlantic salmon and assessed individual ancestry and origin by assigning mixture samples to reference collections. We found evidence for genetic structure (number of clusters, K = 3) among free-living salmon unexplained by geography, environment, or life stage, but consistent with the number of clusters among commercial aquaculture strains. Most free-living Atlantic salmon had a close ancestry with farmed Norwegian strains, the most widely used by the industry, pointing to recent aquaculture escapes as their origin. Yet recent establishment of self-sustaining populations weakly differentiated from aquaculture broodstock cannot be ruled out. We propose increasing monitoring efforts of free-living Atlantic salmon in remote sites as well as in watersheds located in densely stocked aquaculture areas.

Este artículo es parte de una investigación más amplia que aborda diversas aristas en la complejidad de la maternidad adolescente, con respecto a su salud mental. Los resultados que se presentan evidenciaron el apoyo social que percibe la adolescente como una dimensión psicosocial importante en la salud mental cuando se embaraza y en su posparto a temprana edad. Siendo el apoyo social una fuente de seguridad para toda madre, cuya presencia mejora la salud, fortalece la autoestima de la madre, reduce la presencia de alteraciones mentales y fortalece la crianza del bebé en la familia, el objetivo de este artículo fue identificar la percepción de apoyo social presente en el embarazo y el puerperio de la madre adolescente. Método. El método fue deductivo, cuantitativo y descriptivo. Participaron 202 madres adolescentes, que fueron atendidas en el Ministerio de Salud Pública y Asistencia Social (Minsal). Se aseguró un consentimiento y un asentimiento informado voluntario. Se utilizó la escala de Apoyo Social de MOS validada por Londoño et al. (2012) con 20 preguntas que exploraron el apoyo emocional, las interacciones positivas y el apoyo instrumental recibido por la adolescente. El Alfa de Cronbach obtenido en la muestra fue de .95. Resultados. El 57,4 % de las adolescentes embarazadas no gozan del apoyo emocional, el 56 % gozan de interacciones positivas para disfrutar su maternidad y el 59 % reciben el apoyo instrumental para satisfacer necesidades físicas y sociales durante la maternidad. Conclusión. Entre cuatro y cinco de cada diez adolescentes logran obtener el apoyo social e general necesario. El apoyo emocional y la interacción positiva no sufre cambios si vive con sus padres o su pareja. El apoyo instrumental para que continúen su proyecto de vida no es recibido en un buen porcentaje de las adolescentes, lo que evidencia que está presente entre cinco y seis de cada 10 adolescente.

Introducción. La condición post COVID-19 o COVID persistente es la enfermedad que ocurre en las personas que tienen historia de infección por el virus SARS-CoV-2; que persisten con síntomas y efectos a 3 meses de haber tenido la enfermedad y que duran al menos dos meses Métodos. Para efectos de este estudio, se realizó una revisión de la literatura disponible en distintos buscadores científicos (Pubmed, Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar), y página web de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, en el periodo entre junio a agosto de 2022. Para ser considerados, los artículos analizados debían estar publicados en revistas indizadas. Desarrollo. Existe evidencia que hasta 1 en 5 pacientes COVID-19 pueden sufrir de COVID persistente. Se han reportado aparición de síndromes post COVID-19 afectando diferentes sistemas del cuerpo. Debe sospecharse en todos los pacientes con síntomas persistentes sin ninguna otra explicación. No existe un tratamiento específico hasta el momento, cada caso debe ser abordado por un equipo multidisciplinario. Conclusión. El COVID persistente es un mal frecuente en pacientes post COVID-19, que se debe detectar y tratar con diligencia. Se necesitan más estudios a nivel mundial para desarrollar datos confiables y guías de tratamiento.

Objetivo. Los traumas dentoalveolares constituyen un conjunto de lesiones que comprometen los dientes o a sus estructuras periodontales (producto de impactos violentos, directos o indirectos). Constituyen un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. Describir la tendencia de la incidencia del traumatismo dentoalveolar según grupos etarios en pacientes Fondo Nacional de Salud reportados en Atención Primaria en Salud y Centros de Especialidades en Chile durante el periodo 2008-2018. Métodos: La investigación realizada en el presente trabajo es de tipo descriptivo transversal. Fueron calculadas las tasas de incidencia específicas por edad entre los años 2008 hasta 2014 de la Atención Primaria de Salud y estas mismas tasas en los Centros de Especialidad entre los años 2009-2018. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos nos permiten observar que la tendencia en APS disminuyó de forma progresiva y en Centros de Especialidad aumentó en todos los años, excepto en el rango etario de 20-64 años. En este último caso, el número de años estudiados permitió la estimación de proyecciones de las tasas de incidencia hacia los años 2019-2021, que indican que habría un aumento. Conclusiones: El registro de traumas dentoalveolares en Chile en el Sistema de Salud Pública es deficiente para realizar investigaciones con poblaciones representativas. Lo que dificulta la comprensión de la epidemiología y la determinación de estrategias adecuadas.