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In high-speed rail networks, train units are scheduled to periodically meet all maintenance requirements while at the same time continuing to serve all scheduled passenger trips. Motivated by the trip demand variances on the days of every week in China, this paper studies a weekly rolling stock planning (W-RSP) problem that aims to optimize the rotation plan for the train units on each day of a week, so as to minimize their operating cost, including any (un)coupling costs and maintenance costs. We model the W-RSP on a newly developed rotation network by adopting particular nodes and arcs to address the (un)coupling operations of train units, and then propose an integer linear programming formulation for the problem. To solve this formulation, we develop a customized branch-and-price algorithm, which relies on a reduced linear programming relaxation for computing the lower bound, embeds a diving algorithm for computing the upper bound, and integrates advanced branching rules for effective explorations of the solution space. Computational results validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed solution algorithm, which is able to solve large instances with up to 5034 trips to near-optimality.

Union Internationale des Chemins (UIC) defines the high-speed railway (HSR) as a high-speed railway system that contains the infrastructure and the rolling stock. The infrastructure can be newly built dedicated lines enabled for trains to travel with speed above 250 km/h or upgraded conventional lines with a speed up to 200 or even 220 km/h. HSR requires specially built trains with increased power to weight ratio and must have an in-cab signalling system as traditional signalling systems are incapable of above 200 km/h.

Purpose: The goal of this work is to reduce the effect of dynamic loads on the mine timbering through the use of the elastic devices contained in the monorail suspension and to justify their parameters. Methods and materials: The article considers the developed mathematical model of vertical oscillations of the monorail track, which allows setting the interconnection between the rolling stock parameters and dynamic loads in the suspension. At vertical oscillations of the monorail and under the effect of harmonic disturbing force caused by the movement of the suspension, the system of the monorail suspension can be represented in the form of a dual-mass system. Results: As a result, the equations for oscillation amplitudes of the monorail elements were obtained and damping coefficient of suspension was defined. The obtained results suggest setting reasonable parameters of the monorail fastening, which offers the possibility to decrease dynamic loads occurring during the operation of the mine suspended monorail tracks. The proposed monorail suspension makes it possible to reduce the dynamic loads formed during the movement of the rolling stock by 30–40% and can be used to modernize existing mine suspended monorails. Discussion: Analysis of the obtained results shows that in order to reduce the vibration amplitudes of a suspended monorail mine, it is appropriate to use suspension systems for rolling stock and a monorail track, consisting of elastic elements. The parameters required for this can be determined using the proposed method, and required rigidity of the monorail track is provided by embedding elastic supports into its suspension system. Conclusions: The obtained results allow setting reasonable parameters of the monorail fastening of the mine suspended monorail tracks. The proposed monorail suspension makes it possible to minimize the dynamic loads formed during the movement of rolling stock and can be used to modernize existing mine suspension monorails.

This paper is devoted to the development of an effective system for monitoring the technical condition of the axle boxes of rolling stock. To this end, the possibility of solving problems of fault diagnostics based on the theory of fuzzy sets is considered. This allows one note such difficult-to-formalise factors as experience and intuition of a highly qualified expert specialist. It showed that an expert system-based monitoring approach allows evaluation of the technical condition of the axle boxes, characterised by internal and external operating uncertainty. It also proposed the use of parameters such as vibration and noise for comprehensive monitoring of the technical condition of axle box units together with temperature. Furthermore, the combination of these diagnostic parameters and expert system’s possibility to receive all necessary information about the condition of the most critical components of the axle boxes in real-time and analyse the changes in their operational parameters was explored. The stages of modelling an expert system in the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox package of the MATLAB computing environment are presented.

Цель. Основной целью этой работы является анализ действующих систем автоматического управления роспуском составов на сортировочных станциях, с определением их недостатков и обоснованием необходимости цифровой конкретизации координат положения вагонов и локомотивов на путях надвига и в сортировочном парке с учетом инвентарных номеров подвижных единиц. Методика. Исследованы принципы влияния низкочастотных физических воздействий на длину отраженной волны в волоконно-оптическом кабеле, уложенном вдоль рельсов. Обоснована принципиальная пригодность оптоволоконных технологий для распределенного акустического зондирования DAS (Distributed Acoustic Sensing). Дана оценка эффективности применения системы DAS для непрерывного слежения за перемещением вагонов и локомотивов, мониторинга свободности и занятости путей на сортировочных станциях. Использована методика моделирования и технологии настройки рефлектограмм для проведения измерений в волоконно-оптическом кабеле. Проанализировано использование координатно-временной информации для контроля местоположения горочного локомотива, обеспечивающей автоматическое позиционирование подвижных единиц. Результаты. Определение координат «окон» в сортировочном парке имеет важное значение для сокращения непроизводительных потерь времени по осаживанию или подтягиванию вагонов, а также излишнего перепробега горочных локомотивов. Полученную информацию от напольных датчиков системы DAS о количестве и типах вагонов в движущемся отцепе можно использовать для выявления «чужаков» на путях сортировочного парка. В этом случае непрерывное слежение за отцепом повысит достоверность информации в подсистеме управления прицельным торможением на спускной части сортировочной горки. Для автоматического определения инвентарных номеров вагонов с помощью специальной компьютерной программы обработки видеоизображений можно использовать автоматизированную систему контроля инвентарных номеров (АСКИН). Для этого программный аппаратный комплекс необходимо дополнить драйвером чтения и записи потоков информации с видеокамер при контроле поездов на входе в парки прибытия сортировочных станций. Научная новизна. Оснащение путей сортировочных станций волоконно-оптическими кабелями и аппаратурой системы DAS позволит повысить оперативность управления расформированием и формированием составов в режиме реального времени за счет точного определения координат нахождения локомотивов и вагонов на станционных путях. Практическая значимость. Комплексная система автоматического управления сортировочным процессом (КСАУ СП), дополненная системами DAS и идентификации инвентарных номеров вагонов, обеспечит ведение полноценной цифровой поездной и вагонной модели сортировочного процесса на надвижной и спускной частях горки и в сортировочном парке., Purpose. The article analyzes the automatic control systems for train sorting at marshalling yards. It indicates their shortcomings and substantiates the need for digital specification of the coordinates of cars and locomotives position on humping tracks and in the marshalling yard, taking into account inventory numbers of rolling units. Methodology. The principles of influence of low-frequency physical effects on the reflected wavelength in a fiber-optic cable laid along the rails are studied. The fundamental suitability of fiber-optic technologies for distributed acoustic sounding DAS (Distributed Acoustic Sensing) is substantiated. The use efficiency of the DAS system at marshalling yards for continuous monitoring the movement of cars and locomotives and track vacancy and occupancy at sorting stations was assessed. The simulation methodology and reflectogram setting technology for measurements in a fiber-optic cable were used. The use of coordinate-time information to control the location of the hump locomotive, which ensures the automatic positioning of rolling units, is analyzed. Findings. Of great importance is the coordinate determination of the «gaps» at the classification yard in order to reduce unproductive time losses for backup shunting or pulling of cars. The information received from the DAS floor sensors about the number and type of cars in the moving cut can be used to identify «outsiders» at the classification yard. In this case, continuous tracking of the cut will increase the information reliability in the target braking control subsystem at the descending part of the marshalling yard. For automatic determining the inventory numbers of cars using a special computer program for processing video images, it is possible to use the automatic control system of inventory numbers of cars ASKIN. To do this, the software and hardware complex must be supplemented with a driver for reading and writing information flows from video cameras when monitoring trains at the entrance of the receiving tracks of marshalling yards. Originality. Equipment of sorting station tracks with fiber-optic cables and DAS system equipment will make it possible to increase the management efficiency of train making and breaking-up in real time by accurately determining the coordinates of locomotives and cars on station tracks. Practical value. The comprehensive automatic control system of sorting process, supplemented by the DAS systems and the identification of inventory numbers of cars, will ensure maintenance of a complete digital train and car model of the sorting process at the humping and descending parts of the hump and in the sorting yard., Мета. Основною метою цієї роботи є аналіз наявних систем автоматичного управління розпуском составів на сортувальних станціях, із визначенням їх недоліків та обґрунтуванням необхідності цифрової конкретизації координат знаходження вагонів і локомотивів на коліях насування і в сортувальному парку з урахуванням інвентарних номерів рухомих одиниць. Методика. Досліджено принципи дії низькочастотних фізичних впливів на довжину відбитої хвилі у волоконно-оптичному кабелі, укладеному вздовж рейок. Обгрунтовано принципову придатність оптоволоконних технологій для розподіленого акустичного зондування DAS (Distributed Acoustic Sensing). Оцінено ефективність застосування системи DAS для безперервного стеження за переміщенням вагонів і локомотивів, моніторингу вільності і зайнятості колій на сортувальних станціях. Застосовано методику моделювання та технології налаштування рефлектограм для проведення вимірювань у волоконно-оптичному кабелі. Проаналізовано використання координатно-часової інформації для контролю місце знаходження гіркового локомотива, що забезпечує автоматичне позиціонування рухомих одиниць. Результат. Визначення координат «вікон» у сортувальному парку має важливе значення для скорочення непродуктивних утрат часу з осаджування або підтягування вагонів, а також зайвого перепробігу гіркових локомотивів. Отриману інформацію від підлогових датчиків системи DAS про кількість і типи вагонів у рухомому відчепі можна використовувати для виявлення «чужинців» на коліях сортувального парку. У цьому випадку безперервне стеження за відчепом підвищить достовірність інформації в підсистемі управління прицільним гальмуванням на спускній частині сортувальної гірки. Для автоматичного визначення інвентарних номерів вагонів із допомогою спеціальної комп’ютерної програми обробки відеозображень можна використати автоматизовану систему контролю інвентарних номерів (АСКІН). Для цього програмний апаратний комплекс необхідно доповнити драйвером читання і запису потоків інформації з відеокамер під час контролю поїздів на вході в парки прибуття сортувальних станцій. Наукова новизна. Оснащення колій сортувальних станцій волоконно-оптичними кабелями й апаратурою системи DAS дозволить підвищити оперативність управління розформуванням й формуванням поїздів у режимі реального часу за рахунок точного визначення координат перебування локомотивів і вагонів на станційних коліях. Практична значимість. Комплексная система автоматичного управління сортувальним процесом (КСАУ СП), доповнена системами DAS та ідентифікації інвентарних номерів вагонів, забезпечить ведення повноцінної цифрової поїзної і вагонної моделі сортувального процесу на насувній та спускній частини гірки і в сортувальному парку.

В данной статье анализируется необходимость дальнейшего развития железнодорожного хозяйства в России посредством более активного применения такого инструментария, как финансовая аренда. Этот механизм является очень актуальным для развития экономики нашего государства в условиях санкций. В исследовании рассматриваются объективные факторы, позволяющие констатировать преимущества развития железнодорожного хозяйства, и положительные черты лизинга в этой сфере., This article analyzes the need for further development of the railway sector in Russia through the more active use of such tools as financial lease. This mechanism is very relevant for the development of the economy of our state in the face of sanctions. The study analyzes the objective factors that make it possible to state the advantages of the development of the railway sector, and the positive features of leasing in this area.

In the conditions of the stagnation of the global economy, the issues of finding the optimal strategy that would allow taking into account the balance of interests between costs, opportunities, performance of the company's technical assets and risks come to the forefront of the company's management. To this end, the URRAN system has been created, operated and developed in the Russian railway transport -a system for managing the reliability, safety, and resources of transport facilities based on risk assessment. Within the framework of this system, the tasks of operational collection, processing and analysis of the current state of reliability and safety of transport facilities, the activities of structural units are solved on the basis of risk assessment of maintenance management, assignments of major repairs, modernization and modification of transport facilities. The reliability and safety of transport facilities are managed within the framework of Big Data using artificial intelligence methods. Fire safety management is carried out using an automated fire risk management system, which is part of the URRAN system. It allows, based on the results of the fire risk forecast, to make a decision on the need for repair, replacement or maintenance of transport facilities and their fire safety system.

Due to its characteristics, aluminum and its alloys have been widely used in the manufacture of high-speed rolling stock. The series 4000 (Alfa Pendular service), manufactured by Fiat Ferroviaria (current Alstom), have aluminum alloy case structure, highlighting the 6082 alloy due to its good formability, with applications at structure level [1]. In operation since 1999, they are subjected to reactive maintenance and planned maintenance. Regarding maintenance related to the corrosion protection of structures, it is of particular importance to develop an appropriate specification and ensure that all tasks, with particular emphasis on those associated with surface preparation and corrosion protection by painting, are performed in accordance with improved practices to ensure longer service life. In addition to the conditions inherent to the service, the vandalism to which the material is subjected, foreign bodies that cause mechanical damages, various atmospheric conditions with environments of different categories of corrosivity, as well as accumulation of water/condensates or cleaning products/graffiti removers, are factors that contribute to the degradation of the material. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Tadqiqotning maqsadi avtoservis korxonalarining samarali ishlashiga ta'sir qiluvchi omillarni tahlil qilishdir. O���zbekiston Respublikasi iqtisodiyotining turli tarmoqlari va butun iqtisodiy munosabatlar tizimidagi sifat o'zgarishlarining hozirgi sharoitida alohida avtotransport vositalariga texnik xizmat ko'rsatish va ta'mirlash uchun ishlaydigan zamonaviy avtoservis korxonalari muammosi ayniqsa dolzarb bo'lib bormoqda. Avtoservis korxonalari ishiga ta'sir etuvchi omillarning xilma-xilligi ularni tasniflashni qiyinlashtiradi va ularni o'xshash guruhlarga birlashtirishni talab qiladi., The purpose of the study is to analyze the factors that affect the effective operation of car service enterprises. In the current context of qualitative changes in various sectors of the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the entire system of economic relations, the problem of modern car service enterprises working for the maintenance and repair of individual vehicles is especially relevant. The diversity of factors affecting the performance of car service enterprises makes it difficult to classify them and requires their grouping into similar groups.

Introduction.City passenger transport plays an important role in life of the population of the city and in ensuring the efficient, uninterrupted operation of the entire urban system as a whole. However, currently in the field of urban passenger transport in many cities of Russia a number of significant problems have accumulated. In particular, these are problems of the development of the urban route network, the performance indicators of which determine the level of quality of transport services for the population and the economic effect of the operation of urban passenger transport. In this connection, the study of the prospects for the development of methods for optimizing the urban route network becomes relevant.Materials and methods.The article presents a chronological analysis of methods for optimizing route networks of urban passenger transport. It reflects the specifics of their use, shows the advantages and disadvantages. The authors also reflect the trends in the development of modern methods of optimization of route networks of urban passenger transport. The existing numerous methods for optimizing urban route networks could be divided into two types: heuristic, which have become classical today, and qualitatively new ones – metaheuristic, allowing managing tasks that contain nonlinear functions in the process of optimizing urban route networks. As modern science, software and computing facilities in the studied area have been developing very fast, metaheuristic methods are becoming a promising direction.Results.It had been revealed that over time, methods for optimizing the route networks of urban passenger transport had been improved and made it possible to take into account the opposing interests of the participants in the passenger transportation process in the city, as well as to set a large set of initial parameters and constraints for a mathematical model for optimizing the urban route network. The authors revealed the main features of the optimization of the route networks of urban passenger transport in the conditions of the modern development of science and software and computing facilities in the studied area. To date, there were no exact optimization methods for optimizing urban route networks. The task of optimizing the route network appeared to be combinatorial.Discussion and conclusions.The research is useful not only for the further development of science in the area under study, but also for the practical implementation of the process of optimizing the route networks of urban passenger transport.

The relevance of the application of methods for reducing wear of wheelsets of rolling stock at railway transport enterprises is explained by the intense wear of rails and wheelsets of rolling stock on highlands with excessive gradient and on flat gradient railway. The main malfunctions of wheelsets are considered. The main malfunctions of wheelsets tyre are caused by failures as related to products parameters, errors in train operation, procedural violations when making tires and forming wheelsets. The manual and computer-aided method diagnostic methods are used to determine the main malfunctions. Results. The paper discusses the main modern methods of wear reduction of rolling stock wheels. The illustrations of plasma-based hardening technology are offered using the example of wheelsets of an electric freight locomotive of the 2ES4K Donchak series. The mode of functioning of the wheel-lathe machine for turning wheelsets of the high-speed Sapsan electric train under the conditions of the St. Petersburg-based motive-power depot (MPD-10 Metallostroy) is considered. The Rostov State Transport University has developed a production process for creating tribotechnical materials, which makes it possible to optimize the lubrication process by applying a minimum amount of tribotechnical materials, while reducing the wear of wheel flanges of the rolling stock. Application of the results. The equipment of the laboratory facilities is widely used in the research process for graduate students at “Friction and wear in machines” faculty and “Ground transport and technological means” faculty as well. The equipment of the production side was successfully tested at the site of the North Caucasus Railway Bataysk – Likhaya – Bataysk for electric freight locomotives of the VL series in 2016. The results of testing of the production side are confirmed by a test certification. Conclusion. The problem of intensive wear of rails and wheelsets of rolling stock is considered; the main malfunctions of wheelsets are described; manual and computer-aided methods for measuring the wear rate of wheelsets are highlighted. A review has been carried out. As a result, the shortcomings of modern methods for wear reduction of the flanges of wheelsets of modern rolling stock used at the enterprises of Russian Railways have been revealed. The Rostov State Transport University has developed an industrial complex for creating tribotechnical materials, which makes it possible to optimize the process of lubricating the wheels of rolling stock

Modern trains have become a complicated ensemble of both mechanic and electronic systems. In particular, the so called Train Control and Management System (TCMS) plays a key role in them. TCMS-related applications and services run over a dedicated network called TCN (Train Communications Network) which is wired. Therefore, the opportunity for a wireless TCN is clear, but the challenges and threats are also remarkable. In this article we characterize the radio channel for a very important scenario: the train backbone, which includes the impact on adjacent trains (due to interferences). In order to be exhaustive and to provide useful and accurate models, a measurement campaign on three different real-world scenarios (with trains involved) has been carried out: tunnels, open air and stations. Physical layer results are provided in terms of path-loss, power-delay profile and fading distribution characterization.

The brake system of Melbourne’s High-Capacity Metro Train (HCMT) suffers from consistently extended braking distances after repeating a set of high-speed tests and the commission process. The degradation of brake system performance affects the safety of rolling stock and its conformance to the design standard. In this paper, the root cause leading to the degraded brake performance was analyzed. The brake discs and brake pads of the affected train and another train with normal working conditions were removed and a series of examinations was to determine the reason for the change of friction coefficient between friction surfaces. The results revealed that brake disc samples from the affected TS02 trainset suffered from changed transfer film and surface morphology after multiple consecutive high-speed braking applications. The factors that may affect the brake system performance were analyzed in the laboratory. It was found the brake disc surface had a lower hardness level, coefficient of friction, and smaller contacting area with the brake pad when compared to the brake disc and pad samples from another trainset. These factors harmed the performance of the braking system, and the decrease in the braking effort led to a longer braking distance than expected and failed braking tests.

Air leakage in braking pipes is a commonly encountered mechanical defect on trains. A severe air leakage will lead to braking issues and therefore decrease the reliability and cause train delays or stranding. However, air leakage is difficult to be detected via visual inspection and therefore most air leakage defects are run to fail. In this research we present a framework that not only can detect air leakages but also predicts the severity of air leakages so that action plans can be determined based on the severity level. The proposed contextual anomaly detection method detects air leakages based on the on/off logs of a compressor. Air leakage causes failure in the context when the compressor idle time is short than the compressor run time, that is, the speed of air consumption is faster than air generation. In our method the logistic regression classifier is adopted to model two different classes of compressor behavior for each train separately. The logistic regression classifier defines the boundary separating the two classes under normal situations and models the distribution of the compressor idle time and run time separately using logistic functions. The air leakage anomaly is further detected in the context that when a compressor idle time is erroneously classified as a compressor run time. To distinguish anomalies from outliers and detect anomalies based on the severity degree, a density-based clustering method with a dynamic density threshold is developed for anomaly detection. The results have demonstrated that most air leakages can be detected one to four weeks before the braking failure and therefore can be prevented in time. Most importantly, the contextual anomaly detection method can pre-filter anomaly candidates and therefore avoid generating false alarms. To facilitate the decisionmaking process, the logistic function built on the compressor run time is further used together with the duration of an air leakage to model the severity of the air leakage. By building the prediction model on the severity, the remaining useful life of the air braking pipe until it reaches a certain level of severity can be estimated.

Power supply transients in dc railways related to filter charging may trigger network and filter oscillatory responses, as well as cause very fast voltage spikes. These phenomena are relevant not only for Power Quality and EMC, but also for their impact on the measured pantograph quantities e.g. for power and energy consumption estimate. The broadband excitation of the system gives the possibility of attempting the identification of the network impedance. The experimental results are discussed and compared to the output of a circuit and a distributed parameter simulator. Matching between simulated and experimental data is very good

The main territorial functions of transit regions are infrastructural, including autoservice functions i.e. social welfare of people and transport and road service. Analyzing a steady stream of transport, the aticle determines the needs for car service, as well as recreation and social services for drivers and passengers. Among the favorable places for the development of the road service are the settlements near the road. At present, the scope of car service is not streamlined, vehicle maintenance facilities are unevenly distributed throughout the territory, the land under facilities is used inefficiently, and there is generally no control system that guarantees the quality of the services provided; with technical equipment, the service infrastructure does not always meet modern requirements; the material and technical base of enterprises that can provide maintenance and repair services is not prepared for servicing modern cars. The article determines the number of service posts required for servicing vehicles moving along a motorway, on the basis of a survey of transport infrastructure and quantitative indicators of traffic flow on the M-06 (E40) international motorway in the Zhytomyr region.

Purpose.The main purpose of the study is to compare and confirm the results of theoretical studies of locomotive motion along the straight and curved track sections in the set range of operating speeds, which is essential for determining their dynamic qualities. The conducted research complex is one of the prerequisites for improving the reliability of the rolling stock mechanics, in particular the bogie parameters.Methodology.The research was carried out by numerical integration of the dynamic loading of a railway vehicle using one of the modern software complexes. In this study we used the mathematical model of locomotive spatial oscillations obtained using Lagrangian equations of the second kind.Findings.Authors carried out theoretical research and performed the analysis of the vehicle behavior during the motion along the track section, which in the vertical plane has no geometric defects, and taking into account the inequalities on the example of the main locomotive. The researches were carried out both analytically and with the help of the modern software complex. Comparison of the graphs shows that the results obtained by different methods coincide with sufficient accuracy.Originality.Based on the results of many years of work, the authors present the General Classification of Locomotive Mechanics, which may be useful to researchers, who are involved in the assessment of the dynamic qualities of new and upgraded types of rolling stock.Practical value.A new licensed modern software complex has been applied, which makes it possible to use it in the design, modeling of units of rolling stock and their elements; during theoretical and experimental studies, comparison of their results. The results of theoretical research can be taken into account for the preliminary research during creating the reliable constructions of a new vehicle, further improvement of the mechanics, modernization of the existing units of rolling stock during field tests.

The article presents the comparative tests results of selected properties of anti-graffiti paint system for rolling stock industry. The measurements included an adhesion test, contact angle measurement and calculation of free surface energy, geometry surface structure and a corrosion resistance and flame resistance test. The system consists of high solid corrosion protection primer, putty, filler, basecoat and anti-graffiti clearcoat.

We have studied the influence of loading a four-axle railroad car, geometrical and mechanical characteristics of the rail, joint bars, sleepers, and a ballast layer on the parameters of static interaction between a railroad car and a rail track. The results obtained are universal and apply to railroad cars of any purpose: tram cars or passenger or freight cars for railroad transportation. The discrete-continuum model of the transport complex "railroad car − rail track" corresponds to the phase of car motion. The estimation schemes of static interaction relate to all four phases of the railroad car motion, as well as geometrical and structural parameters of the track dispatching and receiving rails and a four-axle railroad car. The structure of the research method and numerical algorithm implies determining the deflections of the track dispatching and receiving rails at the end, as well as the height of the joint that emerges in this case, depending on the car load. Research into the influence of operating and structural parameters of a railroad car and the upper structure of a track on the static interaction between a railroad car and a rail track in the zone of a butt joint was carried out based on a comprehensive approach and general correlations in mechanics. We have calculated, in the transport systemic discrete-continuum mechanical complex "railroad car − rail track", using the methods of modeling and numerical analysis, the height of a joint unevenness depending on the phase of motion and load of the car. We established a parabolic character of the impact of a car load on the static interaction when passing over a joint unevenness, which corresponds to a monotonous growth in the height of a joint when increasing the load of a railroad car at all phases of its motion. The obtained theoretical results allow practical implementation of the improvement of structural and operating parameters in the operation of a railroad car and the upper structure of a track through rational selection and optimization.

Due to increasing railway use, the capacity at railway yards and maintenance locations is becoming limiting to accommodate existing rolling stock. To reduce capacity issues at maintenance locations during nighttime, railway undertakings consider performing more daytime maintenance, but the choice at which locations personnel needs to be stationed for daytime maintenance is not straightforward. Among other things, it depends on the planned rolling stock circulation and the maintenance activities that need to be performed. This paper presents the Maintenance Location Choice Problem (MLCP) and provides a Mixed Integer Linear Programming model for this problem. The model demonstrates that for a representative rolling stock circulation from the Dutch railways a substantial amount of maintenance activities can be performed during daytime. Also, it is shown that the location choice delivered by the model is robust under various time horizons and rolling stock circulations. Moreover, the running time for optimizing the model is considered acceptable for planning purposes., 16 pages, 5 figures

This article discusses a new model of traffic management through an integrated analysis of transport and passenger flows, which will reduce the load on the road network (UDS). Thus solves the following main tasks: justification of the indicators and criteria of the system of transport service of the population of the city is the development of algorithm of calculation and download of UDS city. The technique for managing the transport network by optimizing the composition of the transport stream and use a new criterion of load factor of road network of UDS from different types of passenger transport, including individual. Based on the proposed algorithm of calculation of the load on the main network of the city, given the volume of passenger transportation, presents a quantitative assessment of the options for the development of urban passenger transport (ATG) in the cities of the Russian Federation.

The results of the evaluation of the running safety conditions of railway vehicles are presented by means of computer simulation. Analysis of the possible reasons for derailment by means of performance evaluation of rolling stock and track interaction are presented. The impact of the technical condition of the dampers on the running safety of passenger wagons is considered. The localization of possible damages of bearing structures of high-speed train is determined with the help of calculation of the strength characteristics and the method of non-destructive metallography. There is the information about the development of software and hardware complexes providing an instrumental assessment of the technical condition of railway vehicles. Portable device is proposed for measuring the static load of the wheels of the rolling stock units on the track. The work on creation of stationary devices for automatic wheels fault detection in order to reduce the time period from the appearance of the defect was conducted. The brainchild of the mobile system of controlling running tests and dynamic diagnostics of rolling stock was considered.

Unexpected failures of physical assets are a primary operational risk to asset-intensive organisations. Managing these unexpected failures is essential for reliable performance. The main railway operator in the Netherlands expects more unexpected failures as a result of the introduction of new rolling stock in an already highly utilised railway system. One of the challenges of maintenance management is to determine if the current corrective maintenance system has the capabilities to cope with an increase of unexpected defects of rolling stock in the upcoming years or that further improvements are required. In the last decade, Resilience Engineering has emerged as a new paradigm in a number of high-risk sectors to detect and respond to unexpected events effectively. Attempts to apply this concept outside these sectors have so far been limited. The main purpose of this study is to explore the applicability of Resilience Engineering in the field of rolling stock maintenance by assessing the potential for resilient performance using an in-depth case study. A comparison between the characteristics of corrective maintenance and emergency healthcare showed that the studied contexts are highly comparable which suggests that the concept of Resilience Engineering may also apply to corrective maintenance of rolling stock. This study contributes to theory by replicating and adapting Resilience Engineering for corrective maintenance of rolling stock and provides maintenance practitioners guidance on how to measure current resilience and identify improvement areas.

Определяются и раскрываются методы анализа проблем корпоративного управления железнодорожными компаниями. Для анализа проблем корпоративного управления компании, в частности и железнодорожной, определяется исходная информация, которая должна обладать полнотой и достоверностью. На примере железнодорожной компании АО «Узбекистон темир йуллари» представлены результаты реализации одного из методов анализа проблем корпоративного управления – SWOTанализа. Определены основные направления совершенствования корпоративного управления АО «Узбекистон темир йуллари»., Methods for analyzing the problems of corporate governance of railway companies are determined and disclosed. To analyze the corporate governance problems of the company, in particular, and the railway, the source information is determined, which must be complete and reliable. The example of the railway company JSC «O’zbekiston temir yo’llari» presents the results of the implementation of one of the methods of analyzing corporate governance problems – the SWOT analysis. The main directions of improvement of corporate governance of JSC “O’zbekiston temir yo’llari” were determined.

В статье рассмотрены вопросы проведения технических обслуживаний автотранспортных средств по Положению о техническом обслуживании и ремонте подвижного состава автомобильного транспорта (Положение), а также по сервисным книжкам заводов-изготовителей в условиях автотранспортных предприятий, путем введения четырехступенчатой структуры системы технического обслуживания и изменения чередования видов обслуживаний. В современных условиях использование Положения в автотранспортных предприятиях вызывает затруднения из-за устаревших структур видов технических обслуживаний и их нормативов. С появлением новых конструктивных решений в создании автомобилей, новых материалов при их изготовлении и использовании значительно изменились ресурсы деталей, узлов и агрегатов. На сегодня заводыизготовители устанавливают свою структуру и нормативы, что учтено во второй части Положения по конкретному семейству подвижного состава. В работе проведен сравнительный анализ трудоемкостей видов технических обслуживаний с учетом их чередования в соответствии с Положением и сервисными книжками на примере автомобилей УАЗ. Установлено, что при переходе на периодичность технического обслуживания от 5000 км на 15000 км по рекомендациям заводаизготовителя более рациональным является 3-ступенчатая система технического обслуживания. Чередование обслуживаний в этом случае выглядит следующим образом: ТО-1, ТО-2, ТО-1, ТО-2, ТО-1, ТО-3 и т.д. Рекомендуемая структура отвечает требованиям планово-предупредительной системы, является наиболее удобной для работы специализированных предприятий по ТО и Р автомобилей семейства УАЗ, автопредприятий с преобладающим количеством автомобилей данной марки и владельцев единичных штук. Применение многоступенчатой системы ТО и Р позволит значительно сократить трудозатраты, более рационально организовать рабочие места на постах ТО., The article discusses the issues of technical maintenance of vehicles under the Regulation on the maintenance and repair of rolling stock of automobile vehicles (Regulation) as well as on service books of manufacturers in the conditions of motor transport enterprises, by introducing a four-stage structure of the maintenance system and changing the alternation of types of services. In modern conditions, the use of the Regulation in motor transport enterprises is difficult due to outdated structures of types of technical services and their standards. With the advent of new design solutions in the creation of automobiles, new materials during their manufacture and use, the resources of parts, assemblies and assemblies have significantly changed. Today, manufacturers establish their own structure and standards, which is taken into account in the second part of the Regulation on a specific rolling stock family. In the work, a comparative analysis of the complexity of types of technical services is carried out taking into account their alternation in accordance with the Regulation and service books on the example of UAZ cars. It was found that when switching to a maintenance frequency of 5,000 km per 15,000 km according to the manufacturer’s recommendations, a 3-stage maintenance system is more rational. The alternation of services in this case is as follows: TO-1, TO-2, TO-1, TO-2, TO-1, TO-3, etc. The recommended structure meets the requirements of the planning and warning system, is the most convenient for specialized enterprises for maintenance and R of UAZ family cars, auto enterprises with a predominant number of cars of this brand and owners of single pieces. The use of a multi-stage maintenance system and P will significantly reduce labor costs, more rationally organize jobs at maintenance posts.

The rail network is an integral part of the modern transport system. Railway transportation accommodates the mobility of both passengers and goods cost-effectively and in an environmentally friendly way at large scale. Thus, the contribution of railway transportation to the global economy, sustainable growth and mitigation of climate change effects is profound. Rail operations have become more intense, with traffic density continuously increasing. At the same time rolling stock speed and axle loads have also increased. This has led to strong interest in re-evaluating the fundamentals of the way rail infrastructure and rolling stock are currently inspected and maintained. Recent attention has focused on the development of advanced remote condition monitoring techniques for the assessment of the structural integrity of critical rail infrastructure and rolling stock components. The widespread implementation of effective and proven remote condition monitoring technologies can result in the meaningful reduction of the demand for conventional time-consuming and costly inspection methodologies, helping increase the availability and hence capacity factor of the rail network. This paper presents the most recent developments and results obtained from the experimental work carried out by the authors on remote condition monitoring of rail infrastructure and rolling stock components using acoustic emission and vibration analysis techniques under laboratory and field conditions.

The article examines the main areas for implementing urgent transport and transit projects based on Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in Russia. This paper continues the study of theory and practice of using PPP to implement the investment projects aimed at developing and realizing the transport and transit potential of Russia. The authors used the methodological basis of the evolutionary and institutional theory, historical approach, system analysis, and theory of the rm to examine the ongoing projects aimed at developing the transport and transit system in Russia based on PPP, such as construction of high-speed Moscow — Kazan highway with its subsequent extension to the Chinese border, functioning of transport and logistics system in the Chelyabinsk region, infrastructural support for transit cargo shipments along the Northern Sea Route (NSR), participation of foreign investors in the development of Russian sea ports and approaches to them. It is shown that the provision of competitive advantages offered by transit shipping operations on a particular route requires a high speed of cargo transportation with a minimum of stops, handling, and transshipments along the route. The revenues from realizing transport and transit potential can be compared with the amount of resource rent only when Russia builds not just a transit sector but the production and transit sector in its economy. In this regard, the authors focused on defining the opportunity and necessity of organizational transformations associated with building a large public-private transport company that would be able to compete with global sea container companies on Asia—Europe routes. The article elaborated the main areas and measures under the proposed national project “Developing the Transit Economy in Russia: Uniting Eurasia” and its subprogram “Developing the Innovative Rolling Stock for Container and Multimodal Shipping Operations.” The finding of the study presented in the article may be used for preparing the state programs and projects that include a system of measures to develop and realize the transport and transit potential of Russia based on institutional and organizational transformations. The article has been prepared with the support of Russian Science Foundation (Project № 16–18–10149).

The new wave of modern rail transit and the proposal of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) have complicated the business patterns of the rolling stock manufacturing industry (RSMI) and the export of rolling stock products, especially in the case of countries participating in the BRI. Based on the analysis of trade patterns&mdash, which focuses on the evolution of trade links, community structures, and intraregional export competitiveness&mdash, this study aims to explore the changes in the RSMI within the BRI region from 2003 to 2017. Sequential clustering was applied to the creation of a three-phase timeline. The network models of the cumulative trade of the rolling stock products and trades of two typical categories of products were constructed in each phase for the evolution analysis. Social network analysis methods, such as the analysis of network indices and community detection, were also applied. The results show that from 2003 to 2017, the connectivity of the rolling stock trade in this region significantly increased. China was the largest exporter, with increasing trade influence and technological strength. Ukraine and Russia were less competitive and highly mutually dependent. Czechia and Austria&rsquo, s competitiveness remained prominent, but compared with China they lacked expansive vitality. South Korea was also an active and competitive country with strong technological prowess. These countries accounted for the majority of the exports, and were always at the center of their own separate communities, over which they maintained a sphere of influence. The grouping of countries far from any such spheres of influence changed frequently.

The electric grid is more and more under pressure. A blackout is possible. In Europe and particularly in France, during cold period the consumption reaches a share of production capacity higher and higher every year. Moreover, the increasing part of intermittent energy sources coupled with a drop of peak production sources investments are nowadays impacting the electric grid stability. With electricity market liberalization and new mechanisms, not only producers can be a part of electricity grid stability, consumers can. The most consuming industries can act and participate in these mechanisms (demand-response). In France the first consumer is the main French railway operator SNCF. Its presence all over France makes it relevant as a distributed-but-unique service provider. In a societal point of view, SNCF, as a public industry, is legitimate to make efforts towards electric grid stability avoiding home or region blackout due to unbalance between consumption and production. SNCF yearly power consumption of 8 TWh is exposed in this paper, showing a distribution of 84% for traction, 14% for buildings and stations, and 2 % for rolling stock maintenance centres. Rolling stock involvement in demand-response mechanism is meaningful. But reducing the power of a train may involve a delay at arrival that is not acceptable for passengers. Many Driver Advisory Systems (DAS) on the market owe to reduce energy consumption. The objective of this paper is to show the development of a new add-on in a DAS that will optimize power reduction of trains during a balancing period and ensure the arrival time, while controlling the energy consumed during the overall trip. A demand-response period is added in the optimisation tool to get involved in electricity market mechanisms. A virtual test is done on high speed line “LN1” between Paris and Lyon. Different scenarios are presented and show a flexibility potential between 3 to 7 MW during peak hour involving 15 High Speed Trains (HST). The economic potential of this implication is finally detailed. On a national basis, it represents a big share of electrical primary reserve and is also a matter of concern for network operators and utilities.

The purpose of the paper is to explore the current state of the railway engineering industry in the world, the problems of its development prospects, especially the introduction of the modular process technology and economic impact of its introduction. Methodology. The research is based on statistical information from public sources, which is used to confirm the veracity of the thesis put forward about the feasibility of further implementation of the principle of modularity in the railway engineering sector. Data was also obtained from the websites of manufacturers of railway equipment. Also, in the study of the issue, analytical articles on the economic development of the sector of railway engineering in the world were used. Results of the research showed that today, in transport engineering industry, in particular – in the railway engineering, there is a problem of inefficient implementation and use of technological developments, which are used in the manufacture of railway rolling stock. Many technical solutions are duplicated, leading to more time and financial costs. At the same time, there is no free access to information about existing technical solutions, which significantly slows down the development of rail transport. One of the main solutions to the problem is the use of modular technology in the design and manufacture of rolling stock. Leading global manufacturers have already begun to use the modules in the production of their rolling stock, but the technology is not yet sufficiently developed and finds its realization only in reducing the costs of production of rolling stock by specific manufacturers. The full benefits of the new technology have not yet been obtained by producers and operators. Thus, there is a considerable margin for the implementation of modular technology in the production of railway vehicles, which will result in further reducing both production costs and the costs of maintenance, operation and repair of rolling stock. Practical implications. The introduction of a modular system in the design, manufacture and operation of rolling stock will lead to a significant breakthrough in the development of the railway sector, reduce the cost of production and maintenance of railway equipment. Together with the inter-company exchange of technology and experience it will contribute to intensification of production and the development of new trends in the railway sector. Value/originality. These data show that the modular technology of the production construction has broad application prospects, while it does not require a significant capital investment. This approach can be applied to various types of rolling stock, as well as, potentially, to other industries. The achievements obtained in the railway sector will find their application in other fields of transport engineering.

NedTrain is the Netherlands Railway's subsidiary responsible for rolling stock maintenance. Train sets are brought in for short-term routine maintenance after set intervals of some 75 to 120 days. When a major defect occurs, train sets are allocated to one of the three maintenance depots and are diagnosed and repaired. Removal from active service causes large amounts of withdrawal of trains. In the traditional production concept, major defects could not be repaired on spot by the service organization. A lack of knowledge and equipment forced the National Fleet Control Centre to send the trains to the maintenance depots. This led to the insight that an upgrade of the service process could lead to a substantial improvement of the availability of the fleet.NedTrain re-modelled the traditional production concept and decided to invest 25 million euros in 4 additional Technical Centres, strategically placed on major nodes in the train service operations. In these new Centres, major defects are repaired during the night. Also, the routing of empty trains to the depots is prevented. The Utrecht Technical Centre was opened in Spring 2014; the other Centres will start operations shortly. This investment will lead to an improvement of the fleet availability by over thirty cars (worth 60 million euros), savings that can be cashed in the next round of ordering rolling stock. This paper describes both the preparation of the service processes and the first results, measured in the Utrecht-case.

The purpose of the paper is to explore the current state of the railway engineering industry in Ukraine, the prospects of its development, current threats and possibilities; to propose incentives for the railway industry development. Methodology . The research was based on open sources of statistical information which was compared by years in relation to events in political and economic spheres. Data was also received from producers’ web-sites. Analytical economic articles have been also used to obtaine the full scope of information regarding the railway industry in Ukraine. Results of the research showed that today Ukraine had a grea demand for the rolling stock as the current rolling stock is obsolete and 98% of it reached their lifecycle end. Currently Ukraine has six car building plans and two plans for construction of locomotives and they offer a variety of units of the rolling stock. The main customer for all those plants is the State Railway Administration of Ukraine “Ukrzaliznytsya”, that, for recent years, almost had not ordered new rolling stock. The problem is that Ukrzaliznytsya does not have own funds to pay for the rolling stock renewal, and credit funds are almost unachievable due to economic crisis and structural reorganization of the railway operator. That’s why the plants went abroad with their products, and Russia became the main customer abroad. Due to the events of 2013-2015, Russia closed its market for Ukrainian rolling stock by non-issuance of technical certificates for the rolling stock. However, in the period of political and economic instability, together with the recent cancellation of import duties to the EU countries, Ukrainian rolling stock producers have now a real chance to diversify their customers and explore new markets. Practical implications . Thus, to overcome the current difficulties, Ukrainian government has to introduce a special program to renew the rolling stock, to encourage governmental-private enterprise, and the producers should explore new markets as they have products to offer in Europe and other regions. Value/originality . The received data show that the Ukrainian railway industry has perspectives in case of finding new markets for its products. The technical level of the produced rolling stock is on the high level and can be easily improved.

Представлен обзор норм и методов испытания новых типов подвижного состава на электромагнитную совместимость с системами сигнализации и связи в соответствии с международными нормами и с учетом специфики украинских систем управления движением поездов. В качестве примера применения приведенной методики рассмотрены результаты измерения электромагнитных помех от электропоезда в рельсовой линии., The article presents review of the norms and methods for testing of new types of rolling stock on electromagnetic compatibility with signalling and communication systems in accordance with international standards and taking into account the specifics of Ukrainian train control systems. As an example of the application of the viewed technique, the results of measuring electromagnetic interference from an electric train in a rail line were considered., Представлено огляд норм і методів випробування нових типів рухомого складу на електромагнітну сумісність з системами сигналізації та зв’язку у відповідності до міжнародних нормативів і з урахуванням специфіки українських систем управління рухом поїздів. Як приклад застосування приведеної методики розглянуто результати вимірювання електромагнітних завад від електропоїзда в рейковій лінії.

The purpose. To evaluate the work of passenger locomotive protective devices in the test scenarios of collisions adopted in the Russian requirements to the passive safety system. Methodology. Minimization of the effects of incident collisions is done by inclusion of the passive safety devices designed to absorb the kinetic energy of collision in the car bodies bearing constructions. To estimate the maximum accelerations of the train, as well as the compressing longitudinal forces arising in the intercar connection during collisions the discrete mass model of the train is used. Interaction of the train cars was simulated by introducing intercar connections. Findings. At collision of a locomotive at 20 km/h speed (both in separate and in standard train), which does not have a passive safety system, with a vehicle of 10 tones weight the plastic deformations in the locomotive structural elements are observed. At collision of a locomotive with a vehicle, which a mass is comparable to the mass of the loaded car, the plastic deformations in the locomotive structural elements occur at the 10 km/h speed of collision. Originality. It is shown that to decrease the maximum longitudinal force occurring between the locomotive and an obstacle like a freight car of 80 tons mass to the standard value it is necessary to equip the end parts of locomotive with safety devices, which deformation is about 1.5 m. Practical value. To preserve the car structures integrity and passengers, staff and locomotive brigade safety at the incident collisions, a new generation passenger locomotives have to be equipped with the passive safety system devices. On this basis, it is necessary to conduct further researches in the field of passive safety systems for carriages., Цель работы. Оценить работу защитных устройств пассажирского локомотива в рамках тестовых сценариев столкновений, принятых в российских требованиях к системе пассивной безопасности. Методика. Минимизация последствий аварийных столкновений осуществляется путем включения в несущие конструкции кузовов экипажей защитных устройств пассивной безопасности, предназначенных для поглощения кинетической энергии соударения. Для оценки максимальных ускорений поезда, а также сжимающих продольных сил, которые возникают в межвагонных соединениях во время столкновения, использовалась дискретно-массовая модель поезда. Взаимодействие вагонов поезда моделировалось с помощью введения межвагонных связей. Результаты. При столкновении локомотива со скоростью 20 км/ч (как одиночного, так и в составе эталонного поезда), в котором не предусмотрена система пассивной безопасности, с транспортным средством массой 10 т в элементах конструкции локомотива возникают пластические деформации. При столкновении с транспортным средством, масса которого сопоставима с массой загруженного грузового вагона, пластические деформации в элементах конструкции локомотива наблюдаются при скорости соударения 10 км/ч. Научная новизна. Доказано, что для снижения максимального уровня продольного усилия, возникающего между локомотивом и препятствием в виде грузового вагона массой 80 т, до нормативного значения необходимо концевые части локомотива оборудовать защитными устройствами, деформация которых составляет порядка 1,5 м. Практическая значимость. Для сохранности целостности конструкций экипажей и обеспечения безопасности пассажиров, обслуживающего персонала и локомотивной бригады при аварийных столкновениях с препятствием необходимо пассажирские локомотивы нового поколения оборудовать устройствами системы пассивной безопасности. Исходя из этого, необходимо проводить дальнейшие исследования в области систем пассивной безопасности экипажей., Мета. Оцінити роботу захисних пристроїв пасажирського локомотиву в рамках тестових сценаріїв зіткнення, які прийнято в російських вимогах до системи пасивного захисту. Методика. Мінімізація наслідків аварійних зіткнень здійснюється шляхом включення в несучі конструкції кузовів екіпажів захисних пристроїв пасивної безпеки, призначених для поглинання кінетичної енергії удару. Для оцінки максимальних прискорень поїзда, а також стискаючих поздовжніх сил, які виникають в міжвагонних з'єднаннях під час зіткнення, використовувалася дискретно-масова модель поїзда. Взаємодія вагонів поїзда моделювалася за допомогою введення міжвагонних зв'язків. Результати. При зіткненні зі швидкістю 20 км/год локомотива (як одинокого, так і в складі еталонного поїзда), в якому відсутня система пасивної безпеки, з транспортним засобом масою 10 т в елементах конструкції локомотива виникають пластичні деформації. При зіткненні з транспортним засобом, масу якого можна порівняти з масою завантаженого вантажного вагона, пластичні деформації в елементах конструкції локомотива виникають при швидкості співудару 10 км/год. Наукова новизна. Доведено, що для зниження максимального рівня поздовжнього зусилля, що виникає між локомотивом і перешкодою у вигляді вантажного вагона масою 80 т, до нормативного значення необхідно кінцеві частини локомотива обладнати захисними пристроями, деформація яких складає близько 1,5 м. Практична значимість. Для збереження цілісності конструкцій екіпажів та забезпечення безпеки пасажирів, обслуговуючого персоналу і локомотивної бригади при аварійних зіткненнях локомотива з перешкодою необхідно пасажирські локомотиви нового покоління обладнувати пристроями системи пасивної безпеки. Виходячи з цього, необхідно проводити подальші дослідження в області систем пасивної безпеки екіпажів.

U radu se daju korelacije između tvrdoće u različitim točkama kočionih papuča, u skladu s odredbama i normama, i sadržaja ugljika, mangana i silicija fosfornog lijevanog željeza od kojeg su izrađene. Korelacije se daju i u analitičkom i grafičkom obliku. One omogućuju određivanje optimalnih područja varijacije za nezavisne parametre (sadržaj ugljika, mangana i silicija)., The paper introduces the correlations between the hardness at various points of the braking shoes, according to provisions and standards, and the carbon, manganese and silicon content of the phosphorous cast iron they are made of. The correlations are given both in analytical and graphical form. They allow the determination of the optimal variation domains for the independent parameters (the content of carbon, manganese and silicon).

The railway system represents one of the most resource-efficient answer to our ever-growing demand for transport service and the development trends for the following years forecast a substantial increase in this sector. Considering the European Union, rolling stock realizes a significant share of both goods and passengers carriage while it is responsible for a derisory quota of environmental impact and energy consumption involved by transportation. Contrary to the low environmental impact, the amount of End-of-Life (EoL) waste generated by rolling stocks in relation to the number of vehicles is notable, much greater than in the case of road vehicles. As railway vehicles are constituted by many heterogeneous components, the EoL rolling stock is a precious source of materials, whose recycling brings measurable economic benefits and needs to be appropriately debated. The paper presents calculation of recoverability/recyclability rate for different typologies of vehicles representative of railway transport; calculation is performed on the basis of primary data and according to the recyclability and recoverability calculation method issued by UNIFE in the context of Product Category Rules (PCR). The typologies of railway vehicles taken into account are electric metro, diesel commuter train and high-speed electric train. The analysis envisages also to replicate the calculation in case innovative materials and manufacturing technologies are adopted in the construction of car-body structure. Results show that recyclability/recoverability rates are abundantly over the quota of 90% for each one of the three trains, these latter being made in major part of metals that benefit from very efficient recovery processes. The adoption of innovative materials and manufacturing technologies for car-body structure involves a scarce reduction of recyclability and recoverability rates (about 2% and 0.2% respectively) due to the introduction of components and materials characterized by critical dismantlability and low efficiency recovery processes; recoverability results less affected by lightweighting because post-shredding thermal recovery treatments are roughly independent with respect to dismantlability. A sensitivity analysis based on different dismantling scenarios reveals that the effectiveness of dismantling has a moderate influence on recyclability/recoverability rate (the variation does not exceed 3%). The low variability of recyclability/recoverability rate can be explained by the following reasons: predominance of metals in trains material composition, efficiency of metals separation processes close to 100%, post-shredding recycling processes of metals characterized by recovery factors equal to the ones of post-dismantling recycling processes.

In the paper the methods of estimation of the accrued operating times perceived by the rolling stock supporting structures during their operation are considered; the concrete examples of their use are presented.

The problem of processing images obtained as a result of digital photographing during the railway rolling stock technical diagnostics, using the method of skeleton interpolation, is considered.

The purpose of this paper is to present the latest accomplishments at the Regional Division Brasov regarding the modernisation of stock depot for passengers but also future programs that will continue this process. The rolling stock used in passenger transport was followed: passenger wagons, sleeping wagons, diesel engines, electric engines. Passenger transport organization should aim the accomplishment of the following requirements: ensuring passengers’ security on the route and in stations; reducing travel time (by increasing trains’ speed, choosing the best routes, reducing stops at stations, ensuring certain fast links at railway junctions); intensive usage of rolling stock, of fixed installations; the appropriate combination of freight with passenger transport, passengers’ good serving at stations and trains, especially by ensuring a timetable which would provide convenient hours and reliable connections at railway junctions.

В статье рассмотрены современные проблемы функционирования автотранспортной системы России, проведен анализ жизнедеятельности муниципальных транспортных предприятий, дана оценка их финансовому состоянию, выявлены причины их кризисного состояния, предложены пути решения основных задач функционирования автотранспортных предприятий.

In the capital city of Thailand, the first electric railway system so called Bangkok Mass Transit System (BTS) has been established since 1999. And Thai Government has the master plan to develop the network for such mass transport system in order to reduce traffic congestion and pollution. However, experience and technology knowledge of the rolling stock are still unknown among Thai industries. Besides, the automotive industry in Thailand has shown robust growth despite the political conflict and economic situation. With contribution of component and material suppliers for automotive industry, Thailand has possibly high potential to develop and build the train with local contents based on the international railway industry standards, etc. For this reason, this research focuses on essential component structures for the train, international standards for railway industry and relevant technologies for product, production and testing. In addition, the questionnaire for the component and material suppliers in Thailand has been established under international standards and essential car train components. As a result, it reveals that there are high potential possibilities to support the rolling stock industries under the knowledge of relevant standards in some product modules of the body-strength-structure and auxiliary groups. However, the core knowledge and technologies for the product designs and testing in Thailand are the least in the least in the platformsuspension group.

Рассмотрен вопрос управления надежностью подвижного состава метрополитена. Предложен вариант построения контрольно-диагностической системы мониторинга текущего состояния узлов и систем вагонов метро в эксплуатации. In the article the question of subway rolling stock reliability management is considered. A variant of the construction of control and diagnostic system for monitoring the current status of components and systems of subway cars in operation is offered. Семёнов Александр Павлович, канд. техн. наук, генеральный директор, ОАО «Научно- исследовательский институт технологии, контроля и диагностики железнодорожного транспорта» (ОАО «НИИТКД») (г. Омск); SemenovAP@niitkd.ru. A.P. Semenov, Scientific and Research Institute of Technology, Control and Diagnosis of Railway Transport, Omsk, Russian Federation, SemenovAP@niitkd.ru

According to the papers of the German and French specialists, the rail corrugation stimulates increasing the rail sound radiation intensity. Besides, the consideration of the rail corrugation actually explains the high-frequency noise spectrum. The rail corrugation is characterized by two key parameters — the corrugation amplitude and spacing. The corrugation occurrence leads to the high-frequency impact on the rail under the rolling stock operation, since the influence frequency represents motion speed/corrugation spacing ratio. Lagrange equations are used to define the force impact on the rail under the rolling stock operation. Rail vibration velocities are obtained from the differential equations of the bending oscillations for various methods of the rail laying: on the slab track, on timber and concrete sleepers. It is shown that the motion speed effects to a greater extent on the noise level increase involving the corrugation.

The purpose of this paper is to describe Sweden’s recent reforms to open the railway passenger markets to entry, and to addresses four critical issues for the success of the reforms; the allocation of infrastructure capacity, the provision of maintenance and terminal facilities, the access to rolling stock and the provision of information and ticketing to travelers. The analysis shows that the legislation and regulatory tools that are needed to handle these challenges to a large extent remain to be developed.

The purpose of this report is to assess the likelihood of expansion of supply from established or new operators in the Swedish passenger rail market, what may be hindrances to such developments and to analyze possible alternative measures to remove entry barriers or at least reduce their influence. Three major obstacles for expanded supply are identified. Firstly, the only a few passenger railway services Swedish are profitable. Secondly, all potential challengers emphasize the general uncertainties and high cost of acquiring rolling stock for the purpose of servicing new lines. Thirdly, several operators that have tried entering suggest that the process of allocating track capacity is time consuming and bureaucratic. For these hinders the report suggests that increased track charges are motivated and that this measure can alleviate some of the pressure on capacity. For the availability of rolling stock several measures are suggested, the most important perhaps being, the state giving guarantees for value loss.

В статті сформульовані концептуальні положення щодо вдосконалення процесу регулювання міського пасажирського транспорту за рахунок створення центру логістичного управління для оптимізації перевізного процесу та більш якісної взаємодії всіх учасників ринку транспортних послуг При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/25675 В статье сформулированы концептуальные положения по совершенствованию процесса регулирования городского пассажирского транспорта за счет создания центра логистического управления для оптимизации перевозочного процесса и более качественного взаимодействия всех участников рынка транспортных услуг При цитировании документа, используйте ссылку http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/25675 In the article the conceptual process for improving regulation of urban passenger transport by creating a center of logistics management to optimize the transportation process and better interaction between all participants in the transport market When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/25675