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Background: Social cognition helps people to understand their own and others’ behavior and to modulate the way of thinking and acting in different social situations. Rapid and accurate diagnoses of neurodegenerative diseases are essential, as social cognition is affected by these diseases. The Revised Self-Monitoring Scale (RSMS) is a scale that detects social–emotional cognition deficits. Aim: The aim of the current study is to examine how socioemotional parameters are affected by neurodegenerative diseases and whether the RSMS can discern these disorders based on the socioemotional parameters in the Greek population. Methods/Design: A total of 331 dementia subjects were included. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (Revised, ACE-R) measurements were used in order to assess the cognitive deficits. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) was used for the evaluation of the neuropsychiatric symptoms. The RSMS and its two subscales was used in order to detect the socioemotional deficits. Results: The RSMS and its two subscales (RSMS_EX and RSMS_SP) can effectively detect neurodegenerative diseases. The RSMS can detect bvFTD in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), AD in a healthy cohort, behavioral variant Frontotemporal Dementia (bvFTD) in a healthy cohort, bvFTD in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and Frontotemporal Semantic Dementia (FTD/SD) in a healthy cohort. It is a useful tool in order to detect frontotemporal dementias. RSMS correlated negatively with the NPI questionnaire total and the subcategories of apathy, disinhibition and eating disorders. The RSMS results are associated with the ACE-R score (specifically verbal fluency). Conclusions: The RSMS is a helpful tool in order to identify socioemotional deficits in neurodegenerative dementias. It is also a useful scale that can discern bvFTD and svPPA in AD patients. A worse RSMS score correlates with a worse ACE-R and NPI. It seems to be a useful scale that can reliably measure social behavior in non-reversible neurodegenerative disorders, such as AD, FTD (bvFTD, svPPA), PDD and PD. The results also apply to the Greek population.

© The Author(s). 2021. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data., Background: Although social cognitive dysfunction is a major feature of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), it has been poorly studied in familial forms. A key goal of studies is to detect early cognitive impairment using validated measures in large patient cohorts. Methods: We used the Revised Self-Monitoring Scale (RSMS) as a measure of socioemotional sensitivity in 730 participants from the genetic FTD initiative (GENFI) observational study: 269 mutation-negative healthy controls, 193 C9orf72 expansion carriers, 193 GRN mutation carriers and 75 MAPT mutation carriers. All participants underwent the standardised GENFI clinical assessment including the 'CDR® plus NACC FTLD' scale and RSMS. The RSMS total score and its two subscores, socioemotional expressiveness (EX score) and modification of self-presentation (SP score) were measured. Volumetric T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging was available from 377 mutation carriers for voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis. Results: The RSMS was decreased in symptomatic mutation carriers in all genetic groups but at a prodromal stage only in the C9orf72 (for the total score and both subscores) and GRN (for the modification of self-presentation subscore) groups. RSMS score correlated with disease severity in all groups. The VBM analysis implicated an overlapping network of regions including the orbitofrontal cortex, insula, temporal pole, medial temporal lobe and striatum. Conclusions: The RSMS indexes socioemotional impairment at an early stage of genetic FTD and may be a suitable outcome measure in forthcoming trials., The Dementia Research Centre is supported by Alzheimer’s Research UK, Brain Research Trust and The Wolfson Foundation. This work was supported by the NIHR Queen Square Dementia Biomedical Research Unit, the NIHR UCL/H Biomedical Research Centre and the Leonard Wolfson Experimental Neurology Centre (LWENC) Clinical Research Facility as well as an Alzheimer’s Society grant [AS-PG-16-007]. This work was also supported by the MRC UK GENFI grant [MR/M023664/1], the Italian Ministry of Health (CoEN015 and Ricerca Corrente) and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research as part of a Centres of Excellence in Neurodegeneration grant, a Canadian Institutes of Health Research operating grant, The Bluefield Project and the JPND GENFI-PROX grant [2019-02248]. JDR is supported by an MRC Clinician Scientist Fellowship [MR/M008525/1] and has received funding from the NIHR Rare Disease Translational Research Collaboration [BRC149/NS/MH], the Bluefield Project and the Association for Frontotemporal Degeneration. MB is supported by a Fellowship award from the Alzheimer’s Society, UK [AS-JF-19a-004-517]. JBR is supported by the Wellcome Trust [103838], the Medical Research Council and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre. This work was also funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy within the framework of the Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology [EXC 2145 SyNergy – ID 390857198]. Several authors of this publication are members of the European Reference Network for Rare Neurological Diseases - Project ID No 739510.