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Resumo A preservação do patrimônio material e imaterial, associada ao cuidado com a utilização dos recursos naturais, requer comprometimento e participação de todos os setores da comunidade. Especificamente, um dos grandes desafios da gestão ambiental é trabalhar junto à natureza de maneira responsável, de modo a contribuir para o desenvolvimento dos territórios rurais, e, ao mesmo tempo, atender aos anseios de moradores locais e visitantes. O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar de que forma o resgate de memórias associadas ao meio ambiente e turismo pode lançar pistas e auxiliar na condução de trabalhos dos gestores ligados ao desenvolvimento e à conservação de territórios rurais, em um município do sul de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para conhecer os atributos socioambientais, culturais e históricos inerentes ao caso analisado, foi feita pesquisa bibliográfica nos anos de 2019-2021, acesso a arquivos pessoais e entrevistas semiestruturadas com moradores locais e sujeitos relacionados diretamente à temática investigada, com roteiro preestabelecido de perguntas baseadas nos blocos temáticos: meio ambiente, turismo sustentável e histórias orais sobre a zona rural do município. Resultados mostraram que a gestão ambiental deve levar em conta possíveis conflitos com interesses particulares, superando-os com base em agendas de governança sólidas e concatenadas com o bem público. Abstract The material and immaterial heritage preservation, associated with the careful use of natural resources, requires commitment and participation of all the community sectors. Specifically, one of the great challenges of environmental management is to work together with nature in a responsible way, in order to contribute to the development of rural territories, and, at the same time, meet the wishes of local residents and visitors. This article aims to analyze how the rescue of memories associated with the environment and tourism can launch clues and assist in the conduct of the work of managers linked to the development and conservation of rural territories, in a municipality in the south of Minas Gerais, Brazil. To know the socio-environmental, cultural, and historical attributes inherent to the analyzed case, a bibliographic research was carried out in the years 2019-2021, as well as access to personal files and semi-structured interviews with local residents and subjects directly related to the investigated theme, with a pre-established script of questions based on the thematic blocks: environment, sustainable tourism, and oral histories about the rural area of the municipality. Results showed that environmental management must consider possible conflicts with particular interests, overcoming them based on solid governance agendas linked to public interests. Resumen La preservación del patrimonio material e inmaterial, asociado al cuidado con el uso de los recursos naturales, requiere compromiso y participación de todos los sectores de la comunidad. En concreto, uno de los grandes retos de la gestión ambiental es trabajar junto a la naturaleza de forma responsable, para contribuir al desarrollo de los territorios rurales, y, al mismo tiempo, satisfacer los deseos de los vecinos y visitantes. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar cómo el rescate de memorias asociadas al medio ambiente y al turismo puede arrojar pistas y auxiliar en la conducción del trabajo de gestores vinculados al desarrollo y conservación de los territorios rurales, en un municipio del sur de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para conocer los atributos socioambientales, culturales e históricos inherentes al caso analizado, se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en los años 2019-2021, acceso a archivos personales y entrevistas semiestructuradas a pobladores del lugar y sujetos directamente relacionados con la temática investigada, con un guion preestablecido de preguntas en base a los bloques temáticos: medio ambiente, turismo sostenible e historias orales sobre el medio rural del municipio. Los resultados mostraron que la gestión ambiental debe tener en cuenta los posibles conflictos con intereses particulares, superándolos con base en agendas sólidas de gobernanza vinculadas al bien público.

This article is a contribution to the debate on geographical indication (GI) protection for basmati rice, stressing its relevance to Nepal. After providing an overview of Nepal’s intellectual property regime, this article gives a detailed account of justifications for Nepal to oppose India’s European Union GI registration of basmati rice. The analysis, which highlights the connection between basmati rice and Nepalese society, focuses on the social and cultural values of basmati rice in local communities. The basmati rice controversy provides an opportunity for Nepal to brand its local product in order to penetrate both national and international markets. The GI system may be an auxiliary agent in achieving these goals.

[EN] The article presents the RuralYU university entrepreneurship project, developed by the Youth University Design (YUDesign) Spontaneous Generation (GE) group of the School of Design Engineering (ETSID), at the Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV). RuralYU aspires to reduce rural depopulation in collaboration with university students, who, by carrying out academic work, cover specific needs with the aim of strengthening rural development. The idea of an inter-university collaboration programme with the rural world arose after having won the Vodafone Foundation' s Project Lab 2021 national contest within the framework of GLOBAL CHANGE with the proposal "RuralLife4Good. Accommodation grant programme for the empowerment of rural environments". The winning proposal, which was implemented as a pilot project in Ràfol de Salem during the 2021-2022 academic year, values the importance of the university at the service of society, in this case as an axis of urgent and necessary activation to avoid rural abandonment., This project was funded by the Prize of the Project Lab 2021, of the Foundatión Vodafone, within the framework of the GLOBAL CHANGE, IVIFA Foundation and the Town hall of Ràfol del Salem.

Solomon Islands has relied on highly unsustainable industrial logging since the 1980s. While the development narrative around logging emphasizes its macro-economic importance, it structurally overlooks the impacts on local people's lives. Based on 200 qualitative interviews conducted in 25 villages and 14 logging operations in Malaita Province between 2016 and 2019, this paper demonstrates that the impacts of logging on subsistence and social relations are systemic rather than incidental. By making use of interview quotes, the paper gives voice to rural Solomon Islanders. The results show that the logging industry fails to generate lasting local benefits, while unsustainable logging practices undermine subsistence livelihoods, especially fisheries. Logging triggers conflict that long outlasts the operations themselves, causes sexual exploitation, facilitates excessive alcohol use and reinforces gender disparities by stru cturally excluding women from decision-making and benefit-sharing. This paper calls for a stronger focus on the social impacts of logging in forestry science, policy and practice.

The aim of the study is to substantiate the methodological tools for the integral assessment of rural development in terms of economic, social and environmental components and to determine the level of development of rural areas. For this purpose, the author has analyzed the existing methodological approaches to the study of socioeconomic processes in rural areas; grounded scientific methods and formed a system of criteria, indicators and indicators for assessing rural development. Assessment of the state of rural areas structurally involves the analysis of its organizational formation, the development of entrepreneurship as an economic basis, social infrastructure facilities, rational use of natural resources. A comprehensive assessment of the state and rural development has been carried out, it will ensure the identification and delivery of a stable relationship between the rates of economic growth, the level of development of society and the proper state of environmental management. On the basis of this, an effective mechanism for the implementation of management decisions to achieve the specified development parameters is proposed.

Appropriate and efficient technology contributes a great deal to smallholder farmer development. This study uses a systematic literature review to debate whether animal traction research and practice should receive support. Firstly, the smallholder farming system is reviewed to contextualise the discussion and present a state-of-the-art review of animal traction in South Africa. After finding the diminishing use of animal traction among smallholder farming systems, the inquiry probes the causes of the rural development policies, basic education curriculum, and higher learning institutions. The results reveal that the technological needs of smallholder farmers can be met with animal traction. However, a lack of support from policies and learning institutions has contributed to the negative attitude toward animal traction. We further note that new animal traction technology is unlikely to be known to smallholders because of poor information dissemination caused by a weak agricultural extension. After realising the benefits of animal traction, it seems worthwhile to revamp animal traction research and practice for subsistence farmers.

This paper presents an overview of how the Community-led Local Development (CLLD) instrument has been used in the EU in the 2014–2020 programming period. It provides a typology of countries applying the options offered by CLLD and illustrates the various ways in which the different eligible EU funds were contributing financially. The article discusses the experiences made with CLLD implementation, focusing on the purpose for which CLLD was implemented, the barriers encountered, and the achievements so far. A particular look is taken at the urban dimension of CLLD as one of the innovative elements of the 2014–2020 programming period. Overall, CLLD can bring significant added value for the targeted territories and can foster an increased policy integration. However, challenges remain, particularly around administrative complexities, and these impact on the willingness of policy-makers to make use of the full range of options offered by CLLD. Indeed, looking into 2021–2027, there are countries discontinuing CLLD, but, at the same time, the CLLD model is being expanded where experiences have been predominantly positive.

The present systematic review was undertaken to obtain a detailed understanding of how climate change perceptions and adaptation differ globally by gender and different intersections among the farmers. Findings from 41 studies selected following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol, mostly from Africa and Asia, suggest that climate change perceptions and adaptation are highly contextual and considerably varied by gender and different intersections. Existing gender role, farmers’ age, education, knowledge, marital status, intra-household power structure, religion, social status and ethnicity were intersecting with gender and climate change perception and adaptation. Apart from gender and intersectionality, access to resources, social network and local institutions are found to be important correlates of adaptation strategies by farmers. While agriculture being feminized, mere technological changes are not conclusive to climate change adaptation rather socio-cultural, structural and political changes in inevitable. Female farmers were tend to be more concerned and fatalistic about climate change which reminds us the urgency of culturally appropriate climate change communication to obtain informed decision regarding climate change. Future climate change research could be more gender transformative by exploring the existing inequalities lying in different intersections of gender rather than highlighting binary gender differences only.

The literature is rich in descriptions of different forms of commons in the later pre-industrial agrarian society of northern Sweden. The industrial era resulted in a noticeable shift in the use of forests and in the introduction of firmer property rights and rigid land boundaries. A large number of commons from the pre-industrial period has never been officially registered and can therefore partly be seen as 'hidden' resources. The objective of this paper is to discuss the concept of commons in relation to a variable archaeological record, mainly associated with the forested regions of Sweden. Is it possible to identify commons by an archaeological landscape approach and to what extent can a long-term perspective contribute to current theoretical discussions concerned with commons? Commons as Hidden Resources - Analysing the Shifting Roles of the Commons in Rural Development Processes

La escuela rural del siglo XXI deberá adoptar un papel fundamental como motor de desarrollo local y como generadora de capital social. Para cumplir con esta función, los proyectos de centro deberían incluir la dimensión territorial, trabajando conjuntamente con la comunidad y los agentes locales, promoviendo así la equidad y la reducción de desigualdades en estos contextos. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la presencia de la dimensión territorial a través de un estudio transversal centrado en el análisis de los documentos de centro de una muestra representativa de 193 escuelas rurales catalanas. Los resultados evidencian que a pesar de la existencia de proyectos educativos y buenas prácticas que confirman el tratamiento de la dimensión territorial desde la ruralidad, la mayoría de las páginas web de los centros no reflejan con claridad ni su intención ni cómo sus prácticas educativas lo consiguen. Tampoco muestran si este tratamiento se desarrolla en colaboración con la comunidad educativa y las entidades locales. Las conclusiones se refieren a la necesidad de considerar mejoras en la visibilidad del trabajo de dimensión territorial en la escuela.

The community plays a significant role in everyday life in rural African contexts, particularly in terms of coping and in times of crisis. In the East African region, rural communities are diverse and complex, yet most share similar vulnerabilities such as widespread poverty, lack of infrastructure and basic services, and exclusion from broader economic and political developments. They are also highly affected by processes of modernization, globalization, and rural-urban migration. Social work as a profession that deals with social problems is deemed suitable to support rural communities in their struggle for survival. In order to understand the link between community-based forms of problem solving and social work practice, a qualitative study was conducted in five countries (Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda). A total of 155 qualitative interviews and 55 focus group discussions with key informants were conducted. The research revealed a variety of indigenous knowledge systems and innovative coping mechanisms. For rural social work to be relevant and effective, such models should be thoroughly analyzed and integrated into its professional concepts and practice. In this article, some case examples are presented and critically discussed against the background of the African philosophical concept of ubuntu, which is regarded as the ethical backbone of communal life.

The European Commission’s Long-term Vision for Rural Areas, published in June 2021 and building on a previous report on the Impact of Demographic Change and a Green Paper on Ageing, underlines the importance of population trends as a key issue for EU rural policy. The increasing concern about demographic issues, especially in rural Europe, has been accompanied, and in some cases preceded, by the publication of national population strategies. This renewed interest within the European policy community probably has roots in politics rather than new research or fresh evidence. Rural depopulation is not a new phenomenon, nor is it a new research topic. Nevertheless, to better understand this renewed interest, it is instructive to review recent scholarship and consider whether there is any evidence that the processes and systems of rural and regional (demographic) development are delivering new kinds of challenges, requiring refreshed policy approaches. Having established this context, we present a comparative review of a selection of national strategies, identifying shifting perspectives on goals, the instruments proposed, and implied intervention logics. Arguably, cumulative evidence points to an incremental shift of the policy discourse away from neoliberal, Lisbon-inspired visions of rural competitiveness and cost-effectiveness and towards a quest for rural well-being, rights to basic services, and more (spatially) inclusive rural development. This increasing emphasis on qualitative change may be symptomatic of a wider shift in the zeitgeist of rural policy, reflecting a number of globalised trends, including an awareness of the potentials and limitations associated with changing patterns of inter and intra-regional mobility.

Purpose: The study’s purpose is to assess both the region’s economic development and the SHG's wide range of activities. The paper emphasizes on the appropriate use of fund for economic purpose leading to the growth of rural area. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study is based on primary data gathered from the Sanjeevini SHG groups officials during the fieldwork and other related information from local public residing in that area and Bajpe Gram panchayat. Findings: The study helps us to know the involvement of people in the economic growth of the area. Achievement of groups enhances free flow of funds and challenges faced by groups in dealing with people and the area. Originality/Value: This study is an attempt to trace role of SHG groups in development of rural areas and factors responsible for the growth of the panchayat. Research Type: Case Study.

Poverty harms development, so we must address it immediately. The poor in Indonesia are more distributed in rural areas than urban areas, so they must pursue rural development to alleviate poverty. This study aims to analyze the impact of rural development on poverty alleviation in Indonesia. In this study, the Village Development Index (IPD) consists of five dimensions, namely essential services, infrastructure conditions, accessibility, publik services, and governance. The research method uses regression analysis with unit analysis for 434 provinces/cities in Indonesia. The results show that two dimensions, i.e. essential services and publik services have a negatif and significant impact on poverty in Indonesia. Other variables that have a significant impact on poverty reduction in Indonesia are economic growth and the Human Development Index.

This paper addresses the question: why do two destinations with extremely valuable cultural heritage gain attractions have completely different tourism traffic results? The main aim of this paper was to find the various causes of this inequality. The comparative method was used and Lednice and Dolní Kounice in Southern Moravia were selected as case studies. Statistical data and strategic documents on regional and local levels were analysed. The study showed significant differences in the strategic conceptual plans. Dolní Kounice was a more popular destination for suburban tourism for the inhabitants of Brno, the historical heritage was only an added value. In the case of Lednice, the use of its heritage for tourism was one of the main development priorities. This paper further noted that cultural tourism is often seen as a sector of the economy rather than a part of the culture.

International audience; Distribution électronique Cairn.info pour Armand Colin. © Armand Colin. Tous droits réservés pour tous pays. La reproduction ou représentation de cet article, notamment par photocopie, n'est autorisée que dans les limites des conditions générales d'utilisation du site ou, le cas échéant, des conditions générales de la licence souscrite par votre établissement. Toute autre reproduction ou représentation, en tout ou partie, sous quelque forme et de quelque manière que ce soit, est interdite sauf accord préalable et écrit de l'éditeur, en dehors des cas prévus par la législation en vigueur en France. Il est précisé que son stockage dans une base de données est également interdit.

Guaranteeing gender equality in the access and use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has become today a determining element in the achievement of food security and as a consequence of the achievement of rural development, which constitutes one of the goals of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Indeed, the fight against digital gender gaps and other gaps in a general way allow a greater contribution in the agri-food sector, which is becoming increasingly digitized and technological. In fact, the objective of the study is to analyse the impact that have determined gaps, such as: force labour participation rate, literacy rate, pay rate and ICT study rate, on the participation rate gap in the agricultural sector. For this reason, a multiple linear regression is proposed that considers 64 countries and subsequently the situation of four of these countries is examined in more detail: France, Spain, Morocco and Algeria. The results of this show the existence of a positive correlation between our variables but also the effect that some socio-economic and cultural factors have on this achievement.

This work measures the total economic impact, with a special focus on the agri-food sector, of the Summer Jamboree, the largest international music festival of its kind taking place in a small town in central Italy mainly known for its beaches and seaside activities. The aim was to understand how and to what extent a large-scale event can bring benefits to the territory and the rural development of an area with a great, though only partially exploited, tourism potential. To this end, we used an input–output model fed by a sample survey carried out among the visitors and by the balance sheet data of the festival organizers. In order to obtain accurate and not overinflated estimated expenditures, we asked visitors to self-report their motivation for attending the area (seaside tourism vs. festival), and then used their motivation as a weight to revise expenditures, thus providing a novel approach in impact assessment studies. The results show that the total economic impact reaches €28.8 million, triggered by a direct impact that, in the agroindustrial sector alone, amounts to €9 million. In addition, for 1€ public money invested in this event, 6.3€ is generated in the primary sector and in the food sector alone. Additionally, the estimated value of the sale of typical products amounts to €1.3 million. Hence, under certain conditions, major cultural events can bring significant benefits to the development of the territory, enhancing the whole agri-food value chain and favoring a more even distribution of the capital generated. This study is an important contribution to the literature, as it encourages the development of studies focusing on the specific spillovers of tourism, not necessarily rural, on the agricultural, rural, and food sectors, which should interact more frequently with the economic system in general and with the touristic sector as well.

The last thirty years have radically changed the nature of local resource management in rural communities throughout Poland (as well as in some other Central and Eastern European countries). New metamorphosis, policy, and funding mechanisms related to Poland’s political transformation and accession to the European Union have radically changed the character of institutions and tools available in rural development. Local communities have evolved along with improved education levels, decline in agricultural employment rates, and increased migrations to cities and Western Europe. This article presents the social conditions for the good governance processes in a selected region of Poland. Based on their extended quantitative and qualitative research, the authors discuss a number of phenomena such as the low effectiveness of collective actions, dense networks of informal relations, and the lack of trust in public service institutions despite the deregulation of certain powers. The ethnographic study reveals that while their overall picture may seem quite uniform, local rural communities in Poland tend to differ depending on the economic structure, history, and cultural identity of their inhabitants. Finally, the article analyses difficulties in the implementation of the good governance mechanisms within the country’s local rural communities.

This paper estimates the regional effects of high-speed broadband coverage on economic growth in a panel of 1348 regions across all European Union Member States between 2011 and 2018. We distinguish between different connectivity speed levels by aggregating the available regional data across all existing broadband technologies, and investigate how regional differences in the contribution of broadband coverage to real economic growth can quantitatively explain the persistence of the European urban-rural digital divide. In order to make our results robust to endogeneity and disaggregated data availability issues, we employ a bootstrap-based bias correction for the dynamic fixed effects estimator. We find that expansions in the provision of lower-speed broadband access accelerated annual per capita growth in both urban and rural regions through diminishing returns to scale, but that the effects were weaker in those regions characterized by larger ruralization. High-speed broadband coverage, on the contrary, could only be significantly related to rural economic growth and had no impact within their urban counterparts. We find evidence that the costs of these high-speed rural connectivity expansions had not yet been offset, but that they exhibit increasing returns to scale with cut-off levels nearing full coverage. These results indicate that the high-speed digital expansion of rural Europe is a potential gamechanger for further rural development policies through its role as a general-purpose infrastructure, and consequently argue in favour of increased efforts to close the urban-rural digital gap.

The object of research is the methodology of existing models of climate change and the identification of areas that are suitable for agricultural production. The consequences of natural disasters(floods, tornadoes, tornadoes, earthquakes,volcanic eruptions etc.) are the destruction of local ecosystems and the local economy, the emergence of threats to food and water supply, the creation of social conflicts, internal and external migration. Damage from natural disasters is estimated at billions of dollars. The economies of countries in which natural disasters are being synchronized cannot recover on their own and need international assistance, especially the placement of climate refugees in other countries. An analysis of recent research and publications shows that its authors do not even pose such a problem. In the period from 2011 to 2020 alone, the number of natural disasters in the world increased 7 times, in particular in Europe – 41 times. The study shows that the concept of anthropogenic impact on climate change, sustainable development and possible adaptation through environmental and energy and resource conservation measures must be considered erroneous. International spending on climate change adaptation programs around the world is inefficient. The theoretical basis on which these concepts have been built so far needs to be revised, and the environmental policy of all countries of the world is subject to radical transformation. The practical significance of research is to improve the model of climate change, which is used to develop forecast scenarios for world events, based on the dependence of CO2emissions. from anthropogenic human activity. Since the results of any mathematical model depend on the input data and the correlation of the relationships embedded in such a model, the percentage of reliability and probability of implementation of such a model is also estimated. Therefore, climate models developed at the initiative of the International Group of Experts on Climate Change cannot be used as a basis for substantiating recommendations for the transformation of agriculture in accordance with climate change.

Purpose Smart villages (SVs) have lately attracted considerable attention, but what does the term mean? This literature review aims to explore its ambiguous nature and to identify main theoretical and practical aspects to be further explored in the conceptualisation and implementation of these initiatives. Design/methodology/approach The analysis draws upon a review of 79 references from the grey and academic literature on SVs, identified through a systematic search of academic databases and snowball sampling. Findings This review highlights how the definition and characterisation of SVs is currently shaped by disciplinary backgrounds and geographical contexts. SVs are often viewed as the rural version of smart cities or an innovative model for rural development, but there has been little engagement in the literature with other debates around rurality and sustainable development. It is only through engaging with these other debates that a better understanding of the term will emerge. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to conduct a systematic review on SVs. In addition to identifying the main trends in the conceptualisations and design of these initiatives, this paper contributes to the academic debate on smart rural development and provides useful recommendations to both policy makers and practitioners.

International audience; This article relates a transdisciplinary (participatory and interdisciplinary) research experiment conducted in the Territorial Living Lab for Ecological Transition (Burgundy Franche-Comté Region) that has led to constituting transdisciplinary epistemic communities. This research focuses on nine villages in this French region that have been selected to experiment with new designs for sustainable territorial development. It is part of an experimental scheme called “Villages of the Future” led by the Regional Council. These villages are less-than-2000-inhabitant municipalities, located in rural areas that are not under urban influence. The starting point is that development models based mainly on consumerism and the accumulation of wealth have shown their limits in a context of social and ecological transition. The implementation of these disciplinary epistemic communities leads to three main results: the passage from the villages’ storytelling to concrete projects, the enlargement of the local sphere of action and finally the impacts in terms of training this community’s stakeholders.

Most poor people presently reside in rural areas. The rural poor are exposed to many risks while often lacking instruments to manage them adequately, and so are highly vulnerable. Nowadays sustainable rural development is a pillar and focal point in most discussions for betterment of conditions especially in developing countries such as Iran. After Islamic revolution of 1978, rural development has been gotten very more attention in comparison to previous government namely Shah. But because of many causes such as eight years’ war between Iran and Iraq during 1980-1988 and international sanctions against Iran in four previous decades, and also absence of a holistic and systematic view in rural development programs in Iran, many of these plans didn’t acquire pre-determined goals and objectives in comparing to budget that consumed for them and immigration rate from rural to urban regions didn’t decrease. In this article, state a brief and comprehensive discussion about plans, challenges and opportunities of rural development projects in Iran with emphasizing on effectiveness of these experiences and affairs in one of the most disadvantaged regions in Iran namely South-Khorasan province in desert region in east of Iran plus Isfahan province in center of Iran. Results of this study indicate relative successful of these rural development programs in maintaining people in their villages and providing jobs and other facilities for continuing their livings despite near three decades strong drought in these disadvantaged regions. Even though in future policy makers and program planers must consider more holistic, systematic and scientific patterns in their affairs in these domains.

The state of Odisha is always a pioneer in Textile Sector, mainly in Handloom and in Handicraft. The Handloom Industry of Odisha is one of the oldest ways to earn bread among the people. It is always remained famous in producing World famous products like “Katki saree”, “Sambalpuri Saree”, Bomkai Cotton, Khanduas among many. Sambalpuri sarees are major tribute to the traditional handlooms of Orissa. The study seeks to determine the sustainability of handloom according to weavers’ perception towards rural development of weaving community. The study took five principal factors which influence the sustainability in handloom sector of Bargarh and Subarnapur districts of Western Odisha to analyze the weavers’ perception across the demographic variables. They are institutional support, market consciousness, product development, cultural promotion, and digitalization of Sambalpuri handloom. The Tukey’s honestly significant difference test analysis (post hoc test) between the groups across the demographic variables showed the difference of perception of weavers with regard to sustainability of handloom. During the study it was found that the reasons for most of the problems are ignorance about the schemes, benefits and avenues that are available for the weavers. Therefore, for an overall economic development it is utmost necessary to educate the weavers about their rights and opportunities.

Research on economic resilience in agriculture is quite complicated due to the interdisciplinary nature of the notion. In agricultural, climate change, sustainability and food security research it appears as an endogenous phenomenon rather as the main one. This study aims to contribute to conceptualization of economic resilience in agriculture, revealing current and identifying future research directions. Bibliometric analysis supplemented with a literature overview serve this purpose. Results confirm the ambiguity and immaturity of economic resilience concept and its secondary position within overall agricultural resilience research framework.

The article presents data reflecting the territorial peculiarities of rural population dynamics and shows their dependence on external factors (primarily, the development of agriculture). The database includes 14 indicators of the regional spatial differentiation of rural population development in Russia between 2010 —2020. A typology of regions based on eight economic and ecological parameters is provided. The dataset covers the statistical indicators of 85 Russian regions from 2010 to 2020, published by the Federal State Statistics Service and the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistics System. The results are presented in seven tables and six maps. The dataset can be used by federal and regional authorities elaborating science-­based rural development programmes and strategies, as well as experts on rural development.

Food tourism is defined as a journey to a destination in order to discover a culture through its food. Special segments of culinary tourism have emerged during the last decades to valorize local products and drinks and award tourism value to food. This is the case of cheese tourism, which has been recently studied with increasing management and marketing implications. In this sense, planning and development of food-based marketing strategies represent a key factor towards the success of a niche tourism. In particular, this paper investigates the process of marketing cheese tourism in social media. Drawing on a visual content analysis focused on Instagram, the research analyses the virtual storytelling of Manchego cheese. Results showcase how cheese is communicated to audiences and reveal the potential of social media to create a cheese-based narrative. Both theoretical and practical implications of the study are described.

Resumen Si bien la Ley No. 9036 de Transformación del Instituto de Desarrollo Agrario en el Instituto de Desarrollo Rural (Inder), aprobada durante el 2012, cuenta con una definición explícita de Desarrollo Rural Territorial (DRT), esta ha sido operacionalizada y reconfigurada por medio de la Política de Estado para el Desarrollo Rural Territorial Costarricense 2015-2030, en conjunto con el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Rural Territorial 2017-2022. El uso de una técnica de análisis de contenido de preguntas secuenciales subsumidas en la definición de DRT y su respectiva desagregación en elementos cubiertos en los documentos de la política pública mencionados revelan que se mantiene la interacción prevista en la Ley entre lo económico -contextualizado a lo productivo y lo social -circunscrito a la satisfacción de necesidades básicas y creación de oportunidades, contemplando lo institucional como un factor potenciador de esta relación. Cabe mencionar que dicha interacción cobra ciertos matices durante su operacionalización, los cuales son cubiertos en este artículo. Empero, al mismo tiempo desaparece prácticamente durante la operacionalización la materia cultural y aparece otra no contemplada originalmente en la Ley denominada ambiental, la cual se circunscribe casi exclusivamente al manejo de los recursos naturales en lo rural. Abstract The Costa Rican Law on the Transformation of the Agrarian Development Institute (IDA) into the Rural Development Institute (Inder) approved in 2012 has an explicit definition of Territorial Rural Development (TRD), which has been operationalized and reconfigured through Public Policy 2015-2030 for Costa Rican Rural Territorial Development and National Plan 2017-2022 for Rural Territorial Development. Results of the use of a content analysis technique of sequential questions subsumed in the definition of TRD and its disaggregation into elements covered in the public policy instruments, reveal that the interaction provided for by the Law between the economic and productive aspects of TRD, as well as between social aspects and the satisfaction of basic needs and the creation of opportunities, is maintained, while the institutional component is conceived of as a factor that enhances this relationship. This interaction takes on certain nuances during its operationalization which are discussed in this article. At the same time, the cultural component of the original definition practically disappears during the process of operationalization, while a previously unconsidered environmental component appears, which is largely based on the approach of natural resource management in rural regions.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, tourists’ loyalty is more pronounced than ever. It is therefore inevitable to know what factors can contribute to the higher levels of loyalty among potential visitors. Since none of the previously researched factors are reflecting visitors’ feelings and emotions, and because wine tourism can build long-lasting emotional ties with tourists, this study focuses on Moravian wine region visitors’ happiness within the context of loyalty. Overall, seven loyalty factors influence the happiness indicators: quality of wine, relaxation, information about wine, natural attractions, friendly acceptance by the locals, wine culture and traditions, as well as vineyard excursions. Furthermore, this study also confirms the dependence the happiness perception has on visitors’ characteristics, such as gender, income, or with whom they visited the destination. The results of the study can be used to restart and support the development of sustainable tourism in the regions.

While innovation is viewed as crucial means of promoting competitiveness of rural SMEs, rural areas can be blighted by an ‘underdeveloped innovation environment’. Perhaps due to an urban bias in innovation research, open innovation through university collaboration among rural SMEs has not been extensively examined. Using a dataset of 880 rural SMEs from the UK, the paper suggests that rural SMEs are less likely to collaborate with a university than urban SMEs. Furthermore, higher numbers of employees and export revenues have a positive influence on the propensity to collaborate with a university. In addition, collaborating with organisations such as private laboratories and public sector research institutes increases the propensity to engage in university collaboration.

In this article we ask to what extent is current demographic development reflected in the present planning and policy practice of shrinking municipalities; whether there is a focus on strategies and measures for population growth; and, finally, to what extent do politicians and planners think we should change the way we plan based on the expected demographic changes. Our study illustrates how challenging it is for shrinking municipalities to break with established practices and modes of policy development and to adopt a more sustainable position. The ‘stigma’ of shrinking (Sousa & Pinho 2015) is at odds with the ideals of the local politicians. However, we find that the response in planning and policy is not uniform: several responses may appear simultaneously and connected to different parts of the societal (master) development plans, thus, making the plans incoherent and contradictory. Hence, we contribute to Beetz, Huning and Plieninger’s (2008) and Hospers’ (2014) types of responses by adding this muddled or hybrid response, which might be labelled an ‘incoherent response’. Overall, we suggest that today’s planning practice in rural areas in Norway has neither dared nor wanted to adapt to the most likely developments of a shrinking population, let alone actually doing so openly and consistently. This reluctance has had critical and negative implications for these municipalities. Future research should develop theories, concepts and models for more suitable knowledge-based and innovative local planning that can meet this complex societal challenge. Planning to meet challenges in shrinking rural regions. Towards innovative approaches to local planning

Community renewable energy has been acknowledged as a necessary step in the transition toward a sustainable energy system. It can contribute to the achievement of energy autonomy by communities. In rural settings, it can be a driver of sustainable rural development. And it can be seen as a specific contribution to circular economy from the energy sector. The willingness to invest in community renewable energy has received some attention in previous research but needs further investigation at the local rural scale through quantitative approaches. Based on a survey in a small Galician village, this study contributes to the filling of this gap. The willingness to invest of its inhabitants is analyzed in relation to alternative financial, sociodemographic and sociopsychological features. Survey results show the heterogeneity of individual attitudes and concerns that condition the willingness to invest in rural community renewable energy and the different perceptions of risk and return related to these projects. Cluster analysis allows identifying four different investor profiles (skeptics, financial illiterate, enthusiasts, yield investors). These should be accounted for by project promoters and policymakers when designing incentives and strategies to foster community renewable energy in rural settings Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. N. Romero-Castro acknowledges financial support by Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades) under research project with reference PID2021-124336OB-I00 SI

Funder: Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Agri‐environment schemes (AES) are the primary policy mechanism for addressing farmland biodiversity declines across Europe. Despite previous studies on the impacts of AES on biodiversity, there is little empirical evidence on the scale of provision required to reverse declines. Across three regions of lowland England with contrasting farm systems (arable, pastoral, mixed), we estimated avian population growth rates (PGRs) on farmland with high AES provision (‘higher‐tier’: average bird‐friendly option cover = 7.4%), low AES provision (‘lower‐tier’: 2.3%) and no bird‐friendly AES (‘no AES’). Ten‐year PGRs were derived for 24 species and three multi‐species groups comprising farmland‐associated species (‘farmland birds’), species of conservation concern (‘priority birds’) and species restricted to farmland (‘specialist birds’). We used PGRs to simulate the proportion of the regional farmland landscape that would have to be assigned to higher‐ and lower‐tier agreements to stabilise or increase populations. In the arable and pastoral regions, 13/23 and 13/22 species, respectively, had more positive PGRs under higher‐tier AES than on no AES farmland (none had more negative PGRs), compared to 4/22 (positive) and 1/22 (negative) in the mixed region. Only two to four species per region exhibited more positive PGRs under lower‐tier AES compared to no AES farmland. Multi‐species PGRs in the arable and pastoral regions increased from no AES (strong decline), to lower‐tier (decline or stability) to higher‐tier (moderate or strong increase). There was no overall AES effect in the mixed region. To increase regional farmland bird populations by 10% over 10 years, 47% and 26% of the farmed landscape would need to be devoted to higher‐tier agreements in arable and pastoral landscapes respectively. This falls to 34% and 17% when higher‐tier is targeted at localities supporting higher abundances of target species, and to 29% and 10% when 30% of the farmed landscape is also devoted to lower‐tier. Priority and specialist birds require higher provision levels. Policy implications. Where farmland bird recovery is an AES objective, farms should prioritise higher‐tier agreement delivery over lower‐tier. Farmland bird responses to AES provision are likely to vary regionally, but careful targeting will reduce the amount needed in the landscape.

Contains fulltext : 287534.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Abstract: Drawing on longitudinal research engagement with villages and government projects in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, we argue the case for a strong revamp of government policies on rural development. Thereby we suggest that the legitimacy of ascribing to policy a notion of “post-apartheid” is largely redundant as current development policies in rural South Africa have not changed sufficiently. Notably the underlying rationale behind government interventions and associated governance mechanisms remains highly technocratic. This represents a strong continuity in the role of the state and its quest to restructure and modernise the rural economy. We question the efficacy of such a technocratic approach when it seems so disconnected from the socio-economically fluid and spatially heterogeneous spaces created by rural populations who, in the process of defining and pursuing their livelihood goals in relation to particular identities, and ideals around notions of modernity, produce livelihood constructions and identities that are seldom confined to the village or the agricultural sector alone. 17 januari 2023

The Dutch national government has decided to push the implementation of the "energy transition" it aspires to by inviting clusters of municipalities (so-called RES regions) to develop a regional energy strategy (RES). However, since the new renewable energy land-use claims compete with a growing number of land-use demands, RES implementation confronts land-use conflicts, resulting in complex trade-offs for conflict resolution and planning around polarization. In the Dutch context of land scarcity and a rich planning tradition that arose specifically to deal with this and ensuing conflicts, the need for integrated landscape management seems obvious. This article offers a comparative case study of two RES-related land-use conflicts and their management in South Limburg, focusing on the question of how far these cases display elements of an integrated landscape approach (ILA). The ILA is applied as an analytical framework to evaluate the land-use conflict management processes of the case studies by assessing which elements of ILA are present and whether their relative presence and quality help to resolve the conflicts. Based on document and media content analysis and 15 interviews, this article analyzes the different land-use claims, objectives, and landscape values identified in two RES areas and how they overlap or compete, resulting in conflicts or synergies. Our findings show that the ILA provides useful guidelines for tackling RES-related land-use conflicts, but does not pay sufficient attention to the political dimension.

This paper aims to study the determinants of the governance model of water resources in the agriculture of the Hermosillo-Coast (Mexico). To achieve this objective, a literature review, in-depth interviews and a workshop were carried out. The results show that the main threats to the system come from the model of granting concessions for access to water resources, the lack of supervision by the competent authority and the control of a group of stakeholders over water in relation to the rest of the interested parties. Finally, measures aimed at improving the sustainability of agricultural activity in the area are proposed.

FCC Auction 904 (Rural Digital Opportunity Fund Phase I) allocated 9.2 billion dollars out of an initially allocated 16 billion dollars for high-speed rural internet access subsidies. The auction was structured as a simultaneous descending clock auction across 61,766 census block groups (CBGs) and 286 bidders. In this paper, we propose a geospatial model of bidder value. We specifically concentrate on assessing competitiveness relative to the bidders’ existing service footprints. Geospatial organization strongly impacts auction outcomes, with neighboring/existing bidders going ~0.2 rounds further in post clearing round bids. Further, existing bidders who do not win are extremely strong competitors pushing winners by ~0.7-0.8 rounds more than wild tract second-place bidders. Finally, these results are robust to bidder-fixed effects and the inclusion of satellite bidders.

Drought, as an unavoidable result of global climate change, will undoubtedly have a negativeimpact on farming in the future. Drought-resistant and low-cost products will be commonlygrown in the future. As a result, the importance of organic farming practices and policies willgrow significantly over time. Indeed, emergence of organic farming is an objection to thephilosophy of conventional farming. Conventionalisation critics in organic farming have continuedsince the 1990s. Similarly, conventionalization critics in organic farming are expectedto increase in the future. The basic motivation of organic farmers in the conventionalizationprocess is to maximize their profits. So, this process also contributes to rural development.Furthermore, one option for reducing international human migration is to pursue rural developmentstrategies that are compatible with ever-changing global dynamics. In this sense,the purpose of this study is to understand how conventionalization and rural developmentarguments are examined. According to theoretical critics, this study addresses a few issues.In organic farming, there is a strong link between conventionalization and rural developmentphenomena. Furthermore, conventionalization criteria are critical arguments for bolsteringrural development. The research fills literature gap in view that it creates a leader perspectiveattaching conventionalization and rural development to the organic farming axis., Küresel iklim değişikliğinin en somut sonuçlarından biri olan kuraklığın, geleceğin tarım anlayışınıköklü bir şekilde değiştireceği açıktır. Kuraklığa dayanıklı ve girdi maliyeti düşük olan ürünlerdaha yaygın yetiştirilecektir. Dolayısıyla organik tarım uygulamaları ve bu konuda geliştirilen politikalarınönemi giderek artacaktır. Bununla birlikte organik tarımın ortaya çıkışı konvansiyoneltarımın felsefesine bir karşı çıkıştır. Organik tarımda konvansiyonelleşme tartışmaları 1990’lardanberi devam etmektedir. Aynı şekilde organik tarımda konvansiyonelleşme tartışmalarınınbundan sonra da artacağı düşünülmektedir. Konvansiyonelleşme sürecinde organik üreticilerintemel motivasyonu kârı maksimize etmektir. Böylece bu sürecin kırsal kalkınmaya katkı sağlamasıbeklenmektedir. Dahası küresel göçü azaltabilmenin alternatiflerinden birisi de değişenküresel dinamiklere uyumlu kırsal kalkınma stratejilerinin izlenmesidir. Bu bağlamda araştırmanınamacı, organik tarım sektöründe yoğun bir şekilde tartışılan konvansiyonelleşme ve kırsalkalkınma argümanlarının nasıl irdelendiğini ortaya koymaktır. Teorik tartışmalardan oluşan buaraştırmada ortaya konan bazı sonuçlar bulunmaktadır. Bunların başında organik tarımda konvansiyonelleşmeve kırsal kalkınma olguları arasında derin bir bağlantının olduğu sonucu ortayaçıkmıştır. Konvansiyonelleşme kriterleri kırsal kalkınmayı tesis etmede önemli argümanlardanbiridir. Bu çalışma organik tarım ekseninde kırsal kalkınma ve konvansiyonelleşme argümanlarınıbirbiriyle ilişkilendiren ilk araştırma olmasından dolayı literatürde önemli bir boşluğu doldurmaktadır.

This note provides a short summary of analysis which was undertaken at the James Hutton Institute to distribute funding (£11.6m in total, £7.6m of which was allocated by this analysis) which was made available for Community Led Local Development (CLLD) in 2022-23 in Scotland.

The political importance of Chayanov transcends his own time and space, influencing as it has done – and continues to do – both the debate about rural development in Third World countries and – more broadly – resurgent agrarian populist interpretations in academia and elsewhere. Less well known, but epistemologically as revealing of his politics, are his non-economic writings, particularly his contributions to the Gothic literary genre. Examined here, therefore, are three stories written pseudonymously by Chayanov, each of which is structured by the same discourse. All were composed over a short period just after the Bolsheviks took power in Russia, and reveal as a sub-text the political divergence and concomitant struggle between neo-populist and Bolshevik versions of societal development.

Talents are the key of rural revitalization. Under the background of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Coordinated Development, Hebei Province has always put talent revitalization at the core of rural revitalization. In order to promote the process of rural revitalization in Hebei Province, it is very important to understand the scale of rural talents. Firstly, the GM (1,1) model was used to predict the scale of rural talents in Hebei Province from 2020 to 2025. The prediction results showed that, in the rural development of Hebei Province in the next few years, the scale of production-oriented talents would gradually decline, while the scale of service-oriented, business-oriented, management-oriented, and skilled talents would show varying degrees of growth. Secondly, the grey relational analysis was used to analyze the importance of different factors for rural talents. Through the grey relational analysis, it was found that the infrastructure had the greatest impact on production-oriented talents, the agricultural industrialization operating rate had the strongest impact on service-oriented talents, and the urban-rural income level had the greatest impact on business-oriented talents, management-oriented talents, and skilled talents. Finally, according to the results of the GM (1,1) model and grey relational analysis, aiming at different types of rural talents, this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of strengthening rural infrastructure construction, improving rural medical and health conditions and improving income distribution pattern.

The purpose of the study is the socio-demographic and socio-economic development of rural areas in Ukraine. Methodology. The study’s methodological basis is the method of theoretical generalization, comparison, systems approach, and systems analysis. Results. The peculiarities of regulating the social development of rural areas from the demographic and economic point of view are characterized, the socio-demographic and socio-economic development of rural areas is generalized. It is established that the state of social infrastructure sets the task of successful social development of rural areas. The living climate in the rural territorial network highlights the latest research and publications of socio-demographic development of rural areas and theoretical and methodological provisions of socio-economic development of rural areas, analysed the features of solving problems of preservation of rural areas in Ukraine. It is revealed that the solution of problems of preservation of rural territories and labour potential is necessary by creation of social, industrial, engineering interaction of urban and rural areas. Practical meaning. It consists of the generalization of socio-demographic and socio-economic development of rural areas. Based on this work, the relevance of this topic for modern society is determined. Prospects for further study. Socio-demographic and socio-economic development of rural areas depends on the effective implementation of its own competitive advantages. Further research will be devoted to the issues of socio-demographic and socio-economic development of rural areas in Ukraine.

Over the past two decades, Ghana’s media landscape has undergone radical transformation, leading to the emergence of hundreds of frequency modulation (FM) stations across the country. These stations have become the country’s most powerful mediums of communication, carrying an array of programs aimed at diverse audiences. With northern Ghana as a case study, this research examines FM stations’ role in rural development, their mode of impact, and their attendant challenges. This is achieved via qualitative methodology; that is, in-depth interviews with station managers and local development stakeholders, supplemented by programming content analysis of ten FM stations. Findings indicate that FM stations in northern Ghana, irrespective of their classification, aid rural development by serving as an endogenous conduit for the transfer of information that promotes community development and empowerment. This is achieved through programming in local dialects, local musical and cultural programs, expert presentations, interactive phone-in sessions, and news presentations. Challenges include the lack of employee professionalism, financial constraints, poor audience research, technical challenges, excessively partisan political coverage, and lack of original programming.

В статье изложены результаты исследования факторов, влияющих на эффектив-ность государственного управления комплексным развитием сельских территорий. Де-лается вывод о целесообразности внедрения в практику государственного управления социально-экономическим развитием методологии и инструментов народно-хо-зяйственного планирования. The article outlines the results of a study of factors that affect the effectiveness of public administration in integrated rural development. It is concluded that it is appropriate to introduce in the practice of public administration socio-economic development methodology and tools of national economic planning.

The need for rural land agrarian reforms has reached heightened levels in South Africa in recent years. Resultantly, the communal land use effectiveness is questioned due to persistent poor performance and declining agricultural output that fails to address rural poverty and food insecurity. This is one of the major causes of why South Africa's rural economies are generally characterized by stagnant economic growth. This points to deep-rooted and unique challenges that need urgent attention if meaningful support and resilience systems are to be built for rural agrarian land reforms to be realized. The present study investigated challenges and characterized factors that lead to the prosperity of rural agricultural projects in communal land ownership. An exploratory study design was followed, and the data was collected using interviews and focus group discussions from communal farmers and key informants. Data were analyzed thematically with the aid of Atlas. Ti version 8.1.4. “Information challenges” and “water scarcity” describe some of the common challenges faced by rural farmers. Six critical success factors were identified and found to be related. “Effective project management and control” and “improved support from and partnership with local community stakeholders” are success factors that, if targeted first, could address most challenges faced in rural agrarian reforms. The results suggest that partnership with the private sector can help farmers commercialize and move swiftly towards agro-processing. Identified threats and successes must be prioritized in designing and formulating region-specific rural agrarian support programs for communal farmers.

For decades, various institutions have attempted to improve rural livelihoods in Haiti by implementing agroforestry. While agroforestry provides ecological and economic benefits, little is known ab...