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This study deals with the retardation of cement setting time and workability in hot weather such as in Sultanate of Oman. Combination of sugar and gypsum was used as retarders. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of retarders on consistency, setting time of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) paste and compressive strength of concrete cubes after 7 days of curing. OPC paste with a water cement ratio 0.4 to 0.5 was prepared by mixing 500 grams of ordinary Portland cement, a fixed amount of sugar of 0.02% by weight of cement with a combination of different gypsum of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% by weight cement and water. Sugar has a strong retarding effect, and this effect, controlled by Gypsum, can shorten the long setting time caused by sugar. The setting time of cement paste was reduced from 5.5 hours to 3 hours with an increase in Gypsum at a fixed amount of sugar. At a constant sugar content, increasing the gypsum content reduced the compressive strength from 31.5 MPa to 30.92 MPa.

Our project is focused on developing a traffic control system that will dynamically adjust signal timing in response to traffic congestion. Traffic congestion is an acute problem in numerous world cities, and it's time to replace our current time-dependent traffic management system with one that has decision-making capabilities. Current traffic management systems are fixed, which can be hugely inefficient when one lane is occupied more than the others. To optimize this problem, we've created a framework for controlling traffic efficiently that takes into account the density of traffic at any given moment. Sometimes higher traffic density at one side of the junction demands longer green light times – rather than the allotted time. So that all lanes can move along smoothly. We propose here a mechanism in which the green light of a stop sign or traffic signal doubles as the glowing indicator for when it's safe for drivers to cross based on the number of vehicles captured by cameras stationed around the area. Once the number of vehicles is calculated, this information is sent to a microprocessor (Raspberry Pi), and the red-light timer for that particular lane is dynamically adjusted accordingly.

In Andhra Pradesh, Anantapuramu district has the highest area of 0.611 lakh ha and production of 14.67 lakh tonnes under sweet oranges. (Agricultural statistics at a glance, Andhra Pradesh, 2020-21). Multistage purposive sampling technique was employed for selection of farmers during the year 2020-21. From each village 7 participants and 13 non-participants were selected. A total of 63 participants and 117 non-participants participating in retail marketing were selected. The finding on socio-economic status reveals that, majority of the participants were less than ten years’ experience (69.84 per cent). Farmers with experience greater than twenty years were majorly non-participants (30.77 per cent). The findings on annual income shows that, Majority of the non-participants belonged to the income range less than 5.5 lakhs (36.75 per cent) followed by income range 5.5 to 6 lakhs (29.91 per cent), 6 to 6.5 lakh (28.21 per cent) and 6.5 to 7 lakh (5.13 per cent). Farmers participating in retail marketing were getting higher level of income compared to non-participant respondents., {"references":["1.\tAgricultural Statistics at a Glance. 2020-21. Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Andhra Pradesh. http://www.apdes.ap.gov.in. 2.\tFood and Agriculture Organization, 2020. www.fao.org/faostat. 3.\tKartheka, T., Saagithya, A. S., Vishnuvardhan, R., Yogapreethika, M and Kalidas, K. 2019. Review on fruits and vegetables retailing in India. International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences. 8 (2): 15-18. 4.\tMelese, T., Dessie, A. B. and Abate, T. M. 2018. Determinants of commercialization by smallholder onion farmers in Fogera district, South Gondar Zone, Amhara national regional State, Ethiopia. Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics. 10(10): 339-351. 5.\tMinistry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare, 2021-22. url: www.agricoop.nic.in. 6.\tNegasi, M. Y. 2016. Marketing system analysis of vegetables and fruits in Amhara regional state: Survey evidence from Raya Kobo and Harbu Woredas. Ethiopian Journal of Economics. 24 (2): 1-41. 7.\tAbebaw, D., Fentie, Yand Kassa, B. 2010. The impact of a food security program on household food consumption in North-western Ethiopia: A matching estimator approach. Food Policy. 35(4): 286-293. 8.\tAdhikari, S. P and Lamichhane, J. 2019. Adoption and economics of improved wheat varieties in eastern Nepal. Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology. 1-6. 9.\tAmrutha, T.Jand Reddy, S.V. 2015. A comparative study on use of electronic devices in agricultural marketing in NEk region. Indian Journal of Agricultural Marketing. 29 (1): 13-20. 10.\tArifianti, R., Sukmadewi, R., Hakim, M and Fordian, D. 2022. Supply chain model in retail business: A systematic mapping study. Uncertain Supply Chain Management. 10(3): 947-960. 11.\tAtinafu, A., Lejebo, M and Alemu, A. 2022. Adoption of improved wheat production technology in Gorche district, Ethiopia. Agriculture & Food Security. 11 (1): 1-8. 12.\tDuniya, K.P and Adinah, I.I. 2014. Probit analysis of cotton farmers' accessibility to credit in northern guinea savannah of Nigeria. Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology. 4 (4): 296-301. 13.\tGuo, J., Jin, S., Chen, L and Zhao, J. 2018. Impacts of distance education on agricultural performance and household income: micro-evidence from peri-urban districts in Beijing. Sustainability. 10(11): 3945. 14.\tKalamkar, P.B. 2012. Economics of production and marketing of sweet orange in Nagpur district. Unpublished M.Sc. (Agri) thesis Dr. P.D.K.V., Akola."]}

The objective of the present study was to validate a rat model of diabetic dyslipidaemia along with hepatic damage by High fat diet and low dose streptozotocin combination that resembles the natural history of metabolic syndrome in humans. Male and Female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups. One group of rats fed with high fat diet and other group was fed with normal pellet diet for a period of 2 weeks followed by streptozotocin administration on 15th day. Body weight of the animals was measured on day 0, 14 and 21, also post 1 week of the streptozotocin administration the blood glucose, serum lipid, liver, kidney markers and insulin levels were measured. The high fat diet fed animals had exhibited a significant increase in body weight post two weeks of HFD feeding, but the body weight was reduced post 1 week of streptozotocin intervention due to metabolic disruption caused by STZ. The HFD group animals exhibited significant increase in blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL. Similarly, a significant decrease in HDL and serum insulin levels were observed as compared to the NPD fed animals. Further the HFD group animals had shown significant elevation of the liver function enzymes such as ALT and ALP levels as compared to the NPD fed animals. The present study confirms the experimental induction of diabetic dyslipidaemia along with hepatic damage which serves as an ideal model for metabolic syndrome along with hepatic cirrhosis which would useful for evaluating the therapeutic agents against type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and hepatic cirrhosis.

Introduction: Recanalized thrombus is an under diagnosed clinical entity. Aim was to investigate the utility of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in identifying spontaneously recanalized thrombi (SRCT) for management in clinical practice. Methods: This was a retrospective study analyzing 2678 coronary angiograms over a 4-year period which included intravascular imaging guidance in 75.8% of the percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Angiographic suspicion of SRCT has hazy appearance seen in 34 patients. Results: Eight patients (7 males and 1 female) were confirmed with SRCT on OCT and two underwent intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Median age was 52 years (range 33-67 years). Based on clinical symptoms, diagnosis was STEMI-2, NSTEMI-1, unstable angina-3 and chronic stable angina-2. Angiographic patterns were veiled/hazy appearances in 3; braided in 2; pseudo dissection in 2; and near occlusion in 1 patient. OCT findings displayed multiple small cavities, signal-rich with high backscattering and thin septa with smooth inner borders dividing the lumen and intercommunications. Presence of multiple holes conferred typical "Swiss cheese" or ‘lotus root’ like appearance, characteristic of recanalized thrombi. SRCT lesion length was (median interquartile ranges [IQR], 16.5[12.07-21.5] mm) and minimal luminal area (median [IQR], 1.77 [0.93-3.26] mm2 ) with significant stenosis (median [IQR], 74.0[67.0-81.0] %). Minimum/maximum number of channels were (median [IQR], 2.0[2.0-2.0]) and (median [IQR], 4.50[4.0-6.75]) respectively. Lipid rich plaque was predominant. IVUS demonstrated echo-lucent channels with small cavities. All but one patient underwent PCI. Conclusion: Intravascular imaging by OCT delineates the characteristics of recanalized thrombi and distinguishes ambiguous lesions. Majority of the lesions involving SRCT were significant both symptomatic and stenosis severity wise on OCT requiring PCI.

Introduction and Aim: Allergic diseases are IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions affecting approximately 30% of the general population globally. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der-p) is the most prevalent house dust mite (HDM) species consisting of 23 mite allergen groups. Among these, group 1 and 2 are major allergenic proteins, which causes allergic asthma in 80% of sensitized individuals, with elevated IgE titres in the serum. This study involves in silico analysis of potential B-cell epitopes of group 1 and group 2 of Der-p, which can be utilized in designing immunotherapeutic vaccines. Materials and Methods: Allergen sequences obtained from the database- International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS), for predicting of B-cell epitopes. The physiochemical properties and secondary structures of the obtained sequence were evaluated. The sequences were further subjected to determining antigenicity, surface accessibility, and prediction of linear and discontinuous B-cell epitope by utilizing IEDB tools. Results: The linear and discontinuous B-cell epitopes of Der-p1 and Der-p2 aeroallergen were predicted. Further, Der-p1 and Der-p2 showed 6 linear epitopes each respectively. Conformational epitopes predicted were 123 of Der-p1 and 72 of Der-p2 respectively, by the ElliPro tool. Based on the structure, antigenicity, and surface accessibility, only 10% of Der-p1 and Der-p2 which binds to B-cell epitopes are linear and the majority are discontinuous. Conclusion: The linear and conformational epitopes of Der-p1 and Der-p2 are predicted using in silico tools. These identified epitopes might be useful for developing epitope-based immunotherapeutics for HDM allergy.

Healthcare is an important aspect of human life. In developing and backward countries, the quality of healthcare is very poor. It has been instructed by WHO & Governments to get vaccinated to be safe from the attack of COVID-19. But due to lack of resources and manpower of doctors & nurses, the process of vaccination is taking a very long time to reach the mark globally. This project solves the above said problem by making it easy for everyone to get vaccinated irrespective of the shortage in manpower. The name “DOCTOR ON-BOARD” has been generated for this project because it contains the whole setup of vaccination on a table. By utilizing the components like motors, sensors and actuators it is possible to create a robotic arm. In turn, sensors will detect the position of the human arm and the robotic arm injects the medicine without any interference of doctors. This reduces the workload of humans which results in the increase the productivity of Mankind.

Natural seed fiber reinforced composite materials are replacing many conventional ones because of their excellent properties, less weight, easy availability, etc. Composite materials are used in many areas because of their superior features. Mechanical property is one of the vital parameters for choosing the material. The current investigation has revealed an importance of recently well-known Wrightia tinctoria nano seed fibers (WTNSFs), which are extracted physically. Wrightia tinctoria nano seed fiber reinforced composite was prepared with the epoxy resin by hand layup method. Epoxy resin is easy to handle and available at low cost. Mechanical tests are conducted reinforced composites of plain epoxy and WTNSFs to obtain strength properties like tensile, flexural, impact. Water absorption tests also performed on composites. Here, the developed composites are easy to handle, offered economically, and used primarily in marine applications due to less water absorption and good wax content. A comprehensive description of different tests and the properties of WTNSFs are studied and compared with the other existing natural fibers. This work showed that 35% combination of WTNSFs reinforced epoxy matrix offers enhanced mechanical properties with minimum water absorption compared with plain epoxy composites.

In spite of the fact that India has the world's second-highest population, the nation's median sales of life insurance products remain significantly less than those in several Western along with Asian countries. As a result, theinsurance market in indiais seen as highly promising by both international and domestic insurance firms investigating to increase their presence and revenue. The business of insurance has far-reaching positive effects, from providing consumers with more options to ensuring a steady supply of long-term capital for businesses and governments.Since insurance is a relatively untapped market, this development will lead to a surge in demand for both insurance company employees and independent insurance brokers and advisors. Insurancepolicies are created to ease the economic strain left behind by a breadwinner's death on his or her loved ones. Diversity, opportunity, advantages, and profitability have all been added to theproduct lineup thanks to the expansion of the item line. However, the worker is hesitant about buying insurance services because he or she refuses to embrace the danger to his or her life, is uninterested in the benefits that are intended for others and cannot predict the future. The results show that in India's developing finances, many consumers listen to the guidance of their brokers before committing to insurance coverage. We use the concept of scheduled behaviour to show that individuals’ perceptions of social standards have a major role in whether or not they would acquire insurance. It was also discovered that social factors had a role in policy decisions. Customers can choose poor choices and purchase insurance plans that could not adequately cover their costs. Consumers in this fast-expanding market require more information and awareness campaigns. &nbsp

Aim and objectives: The study is aimed to assess the frequency and prevalence of drug therapy related problems in patients after hospitalization in Jayabharath Hospital, Nellore. Specific objectives: To estimate the opportunities for pharmacist to provide pharmaceutical care. A probabilistic convenient sampling was done to estimate the frequency and prevalence of drug therapy related problems, patients those who are aged above 18 years of either sex were included. Pregnant patients, and those who are having a unwillingness to participate in study were excluded. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted between March 2022 to June 2022 on patients who discharged to home from Jayabharath Hospital, Nellore. Most of our study population were within the age group of 30 to 45years (33.33 %) followed by 60 to 75years (25.00 %).among the present study population most of them were married (83.3 %) and illiterates (62.5 %). Results and Discussion: Nearly 50 drugs are responsible for drug related problems in the present study among those Phenytoin was found to be leading drug in relation to development of drug therapy related problems, Where as Nifedipine was found to be least problem producing drug in present study population. Conclusion: Overall we found various kinds of drug therapy related problems, which implies there is a need of continuity of care even after discharge from the hospital.

This paper aims to write the Memcached storage driver and performance analysing the Memcached. Memcached is a free and open source software, high performance, distributed memory object caching system. It is often used to speed up dynamic database-driven websites by caching data and objects in RAM to reduce the number of times, an external data source must be read. The SBK itself is a high- performance benchmark tool/framework. It massively writes the data to the storage system and reads the data from the storage system. The SBK supports multi writers and readers and also the End to End latency benchmarking. The main objective is to performance benchmark the Memcached storage driver using Storage Benchmark Kit(SBK), to speed up the performance of websites and web applications using SBK software, to extract the results of the operations which were performed on the data. The performance benchmarking is done by adding SBK driver which specifies the input/output operations of storage systems. SBK delivers the throughput and latency values for a every specific interval for live performance analytics. Memcached is a free and open-source software, high performance, distributed memory object caching system. The SBK itself is a high-performance benchmark tool/framework. The SBK supports multi writers and readers and also the End-to-End latency benchmarking. Memcached is a key-value store that keeps data in the DRAM i.e., data is not persistent. Clients communicate with Memcached through a simple set of APIs: Set, Add, replace are used to store data, Get or Remove are used to retrieve or remove data.

Glass and carbon fiber-reinforced plastics have become increasingly popular in engineering applications as relatively new materials, and it is expected that this trend will continue. E-glass laminates have become more common in aviation components such as wings, fuselages, and stabilizers as stronger, more durable, and tougher resins such as epoxies have evolved. A sudden breakdown of an engineering component like aircraft usually results in a significant financial loss, as well as posing a risk to human life. Vibration-based detection is one type of global damage identification method. Changes in physical qualities like damping, mass, and stiffness bring noticeable changes in the modal parameters in vibration-based damage detection approaches. This chapter demonstrates how vibration-based analysis can be used to forecast the severity and position of delamination in composites. The position and area of delamination in composite beams are determined using a supervised feed-forward multilayer back-propagation artificial neural network (ANN) in the MATLAB neural network toolbox.

The current study has portrayed the synthetic mixtures of Themeda quadrivalvis using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS), the combination of green silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) formed with macrolide antimicrobials. The counter microbial effects were investigated with various concentrates of plant compounds, AgNPs, and macrolide-formed AgNPs against respiratory microorganisms. GCMS examination has shown the presence of various substances that intensifies the chloroform concentrate of T. quadrivalvis. A total of 51 mixtures were distinguished, and furthermore, the most severe zone of restraint was found in chloroform removal and against Klebsiella sp. (18 ± 4.7 mm). It has been demonstrated that the green mixture of AgNPs containing macrolide anti-toxins, such as azithromycin, erythromycin, and clarithromycin, demonstrates extensive antibacterial activities against a wide range of microorganisms. In contrast, the green union of AgNPs also demonstrates their efficacy against a wide range of respiratory microbes. The particles containing numerous relatively small fragments that were observed in the scanning electron microscopy analysis were found to be 20 nm in size. Previous studies have focused on phytochemicals and green amalgamations of AgNPs, but not much detail has been provided on T. quadrivalvis. It has been reported that the two concentrates (a plant concentrate in combination with consolidated green nanoparticle macrolide anti-toxins). The present study aims to treat respiratory microorganisms with a green methodology approach using nanotechnology; this analysis primarily focuses on offering creative approaches to make drugs against respiratory microbes.

Stress is defined in medicine as a physical, mental, or emotional factor that generates body or mental stress. Due to stress level humans may suffer from mental, physical illness and discomfort. Unattended stress may cause serious depression which leads to instability, bipolar disorder and suicidal intentions. Stress can be identified using Electrodermal activity sensor (EDA), Respiratory sensor, Holster unit, Electroencephalogram (EEG), Electrocardiogram (ECG), Speech Identifying stress using speech is less complicated and low cost, as separate sensors are not required. The speech features like MFCC (mel-frequency cepstral coefficients), TEO (Teager energy operator), TEO-CB, TEO-PWP can be used for detection of stress. Many of the researchers in literature used Speech Under Simulated and Actual Stress (SUSAS) database for training the machine to detect stress through speech. Some of the Machine Learning(ML) algorithms like Support VectorMachine (SVM), Hidden Markov Model (HMM), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Neural Network (NN) Algorithm like Multilayer perceptron (MLP) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), RNN-Long Short Term Memory(RNN-LSTM) are also used for stress detection in literature .In this proposed work RNN-LSTM Attention based algorithm is to be implemented to identify stress levels like High level stress, Low level stress and Neutral level stress.

The objective of this study was to examin.e the effect of six weeks plyometric training program and ability to improve the arms strength in baseball and volleyball players. A total no. of baseball 20 players, volleyball 20 players and control group 20 players selected by simple random sampling method from which participated in intercollegiate level served as subjects of Ahmednagar district. Study was restricted to six weeks plyometric exercise training program. The experimental group implement program to the players by the concerned proper instructions also pre & post test data collected. Statically analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and group means were compared. The study concludes better improvement in arm strength of male baseball players compared than volleyball male players.

The process of Bioremediation uses the microorganisms/their enzymes to aid the degradation and removal of contaminants present in the environment. The microbial metabolic ability is used for degradation and removal of environmental pollutants providing an economically safer alternative compared to the rest of physicochemical methodologies. One of the hazardous organic priority pollutants are the Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). There are a lot of public concerns and critical environmental challenges in the world because of being carcinogenically toxic and mutagenic properties, their ubiquitous distribution, recalcitrance and their environmental presence. The understanding about harmful effects of PAHs on ecosystems and human health has resulted in an interest of researchers on their degradation. Many types of microbes like bacteria, fungi, and algae are capable to use PAHs as carbon and energy source under aerobic and anaerobic conditions leading to their degradation or transformation. Microbial genetic makeup having genes conceal catabolic enzymes results in PAH-degradation mechanism. From the past twenty years, PAH- biodegradation mechanism, catabolic gene system encoding catabolic enzymes, and adaptation through genetics and regulations have been investigated in detail. This review is to attain an overview of the present knowledge of the genetically modified organisms in crude oil spills using PAH degradation mechanism.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text., Background and Purpose: Chronic kidney disease with reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate or elevated albuminuria increases risk for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. This study assessed the effects of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on stroke and atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF/AFL) from CREDENCE (Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes With Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation) and a meta-analysis of large cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) of SGLT2i in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: CREDENCE randomized 4401 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease to canagliflozin or placebo. Post hoc, we estimated effects on fatal or nonfatal stroke, stroke subtypes, and intermediate markers of stroke risk including AF/AFL. Stroke and AF/AFL data from 3 other completed large CVOTs and CREDENCE were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Results: In CREDENCE, 142 participants experienced a stroke during follow-up (10.9/1000 patient-years with canagliflozin, 14.2/1000 patient-years with placebo; hazard ratio [HR], 0.77 [95% CI, 0.55–1.08]). Effects by stroke subtypes were: ischemic (HR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.61–1.28]; n=111), hemorrhagic (HR, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.19–1.32]; n=18), and undetermined (HR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.20–1.46]; n=17). There was no clear effect on AF/AFL (HR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.53–1.10]; n=115). The overall effects in the 4 CVOTs combined were: total stroke (HRpooled, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.82–1.12]), ischemic stroke (HRpooled, 1.01 [95% CI, 0.89–1.14]), hemorrhagic stroke (HRpooled, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.30–0.83]), undetermined stroke (HRpooled, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.49–1.51]), and AF/AFL (HRpooled, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.71–0.93]). There was evidence that SGLT2i effects on total stroke varied by baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (P=0.01), with protection in the lowest estimated glomerular filtration rate (

The red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a simple, low-cost biochemical parameter that reflects the level of anisocytosis as determined by a typical complete blood count. Anemia and other inflammatory disorders are diagnosed using RDW and other haematological parameters. Higher RDW levels have been implicated in numerous recent studies as a potent independent predictor of morbidity and mortality in a variety of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Therefore, RDW may be crucial in determining the severity and development of CVDs. In this review, we have outlined the mechanisms underlying the link between RDW and CVDs, as well as a few literature reviews that explain RDW and related CVDs, which demonstrated that even a 1SD increase in RDW causes various CVDs such as heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), atrial fibrillation, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and stroke depending on the degree of involvement. To varying degrees, some common mechanisms that contribute to increased RDW include oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, anemia, lipid abnormalities, vitamin D-3 deficiency, glycemic disturbance, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and liver disease. Finally, it can be concluded that even a 1SD change in RDW can indicate a significant risk of a CV event.

The motivation behind this research was to investigate the degrees of job-related stress or pressure and burnout among the health care professionals working in private hospitals. Moreover, the investigation additionally inspected the connection between occupational related stressors and burnout. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Occupational Stress Inventory (OSI) were utilized to measure the burnout and job-related pressure or stress. The mean scores are showing a moderate degree of stress and burnout among the health care professionals working in private hospitals. Job-related stressors were altogether identified with all burnout measurements. The after effects of relapse research uncover that job over-burden and job ambiguity were critical indicators. Job over-burden, job lacking, and job inadequacy were discovered to be critical indicators of depersonalization. The critical indicators of individual achievement were job inadequacy, job vagueness, and job limit.

Adequate marketing activities are the base of success of products, brands and companies. As the use of the Internet, the Web and social media grows, a major challenge for entrepreneurs and marketers is to determine how to make best use of what the technology offers. Social networking sites (SNSs) emerged as one of the most powerful media for advertising across the globe. Globally, companies are shifting a larger pie of their advertising budgets towards social networking site for better reach and interactive platform. In today’s social media driven environment, large firms with established installed consumer base leverage through the low cost social media marketing models, having a significant impact on new customer acquisition and retention. However, many small businesses also make use of its potential to enhance their business processes. Unfortunately, small business enterprises do not enjoy attraction of installed consumer bases as enjoyed by large enterprises, as there are no strategies in place. This exploratory research investigates about the usage, benefits and challenges of adopting social media as a marketing tool in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)where the budget for marketing is low. Reflecting on this, the study develops an argument for strengthening of e-skills of entrepreneur/manager and improving the integrated social media marketing strategy for small businesses.

Vigna mungo generally called as black gram is a nutrient food crop which is widely used in Indian cuisine and also used in traditional ayurvedic medicine. By natural and anthropogenic activities, black gram growth is highly affecting by heavy metal pollution. Hence, it is necessary to conduct the experiments to know the effects of various heavy metals on growth of black gram in turn yield levels. In the current study, we aimed to study the in vitro effects of heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co) and lead (Pb) on germination of seeds and seedling morphology of black gram. The concentrations include 1, 10, 20, 50 and 100 ppm of respective heavy metal (Cr, Cd, Co and Pb) along with the two positive controls i.e. tap water (T.W) and distilled water (D.W) were used without any heavy metal for the preparation of media. Upon treatment, percentage of germination and both root and shoot lengths of black gram were significantly affected by increasing concentrations of cadmium, cobalt and lead when compared to controls. Specifically, germination percentage was reduced from 1 ppm to 100 ppm i.e. 77% to 46% with Cd, 64% to 50 % with Co and 78% to 70 % with Pb treatments. This data indicates that each heavy metal has its own impact on black gram seed germination. Similarly, shoot and root lengths were also reduced upon these heavy metal treatments. Although the percentage of germination decreased drastically (36% at 100 ppm) along with the increasing concentration of chromium, the root and shoot lengths were suddenly increased (hugely root length) when compared to controls. In conclusion, each heavy metal has its own critical point for each seedling or plant growth.

Cloud computing is one of the best ways to store, retrieve and share data which is easy, convenient and also beneficial for both the organization and individuals. But there are many of disadvantages because of which users hesitate to share data to the cloud as they contain important and valuable information. Therefore it is necessary to apply encryption on your user’s shared data, for this Identity-based encryption is one of common and promising approach to secure shared data. However access control is not static. That is, when some user’s authorization is expired, there should be a mechanism that can remove him/her from the system. Consequently, the revoked user cannot access both the previously and subsequently shared data. To overcome this problem Revocable-storage identity-based encryption (RS-IBE) is introduced, which can provide the forward/backward security of cipher text with functionalities like user revocation and cipher text update that takes place simultaneously. The performance comparisons indicate that the proposed RS-IBE scheme has advantages in terms of functionality and efficiency, and thus is feasible for a practical and cost-effective data sharing system. Keywords - Cloud computing, data sharing, revocation, Identity-based encryption, cipher text update, decryption key

Biodegradable polymeric blends are used to study the controlled release of Hydroxychloroquine sulphate (HCQ) as the model drug used extensively in COVID-19 treatments. HCQ drug is loaded in sodium alginate (NaAlg) and lignosulphonic acid (NaLS) blends as matrix are crosslinked using calcium chloride solution. Its release is evaluated in different pH mediums of simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). The HCQ release data obtained during experimentation is used to study kinetics using different models to investigate polymeric relaxation's drug diffusion and mechanism in water-soluble HCQ drug. The drug release mechanism best fits the Higuchi model with Fickian diffusion as the primary polymeric relaxation mechanism. HIGHLIGHTS Biodegradable polymer blends of sodium alginate and lignosulphonic acid are loaded with Hydroxychloroquine sulphate to demonstrate and evaluate drug release kinetics in simulated gastric and intestinal gastric fluid Different kinetic models are applied for experimental data to study drug diffusion and polymer relaxation mechanism. Experimental values reveal that pH medium influences drug release The hydroxychloroquine sulphate drug release for extended period in simulated fluids in-vitro proves possible usage for controlled drug delivery applications GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Seed dormancy and shattering are important traits influencing the economics of rice farming. The genetic basis of dormancy and shattering traits were investigated in 174 Backcross Inbred Lines (BILs) derived from Oryza sativa cv. Swarna and O. nivara ac. CR100008. Significant variation was observed among the BILs for dormancy and shattering traits. Dormancy of 4-40 days was observed among BILs harvested at 35 days after heading and all the BILs attained > 80% germination by 6th week. Among all the BILs, least dormancy period (4 days) was found in SN-1, 13, 23, 25 and SN-28. Highest dormancy period (40 days) was found in 4 BILs i.e., SN-108, SN-116, SN-117 and SN-122 (40 days). None of the BILs were found to have non-shattering trait, while 2 BILs (SN-38 and SN-163) showed low shattering and 18 BILs were found with very high grain shattering percent. Of the 312 SSRs screened, 94 were polymorphic between the parents. A strategy of combining the DNA pooling from phenotypic extremes and genotyping was employed to detect the putative markers associated with dormancy and shattering traits. Single marker analysis revealed co-segregation of two putative markers RM488 on chromosome 1 and RM247 on chromosome 12 were with dormancy and shattering traits respectively. The putative marker RM488 identified is suitable for the marker-assisted transfer of the dormancy shown by O. nivara accession CR100008 for addressing pre harvest sprouting in modern cultivars. Interestingly, O. nivara type allele at RM247 was observed in BILs with low shattering phenotype.

Violence against women is a major public health issue and women with mental illness (WMI) are at a double disadvantage. While nurses play a key role in identifying and responding to abused women, research is limited on this issue from India. This qualitative study was aimed to explore nurses' knowledge, confidence, and learning needs in the identification and responding to disclosure of abuse in women with mental illness. The focus group discussions were conducted among nurses (N = 21) working in psychiatry units at a tertiary care center. An interview guide with semi-structured questions was used to collect the data. Five dominant themes and fifteen sub-themes have emerged from qualitative analysis. The dominant themes include; Awareness of abuse among women with mental illness (AWMI), Experiences of recognizing and responding to abuse, Barriers for routine screening for abuse, Educational preparedness, and learning needs, and Prevention of abuse in women with mental illness. The identified barriers include personal related (personal discomfort, lack of knowledge, etc.), job related (Time consuming, not a nurse's job, lack of time, etc.) and organizational (lack of policies and administrative support, etc.). Most of the participants expressed that they lack confidence in the routine screening of women for abuse due to inadequate training. Therefore, it is critical to include a topic on domestic violence in the nursing curriculum and provide ongoing learning opportunities to the nurses through CNE programs, workshops, and conferences.

Performance of bridges against earthquake forces is different from buildings and other kind of structures as bridges are long and narrow, and support fleeting populace on highways or railways. Earthquakes with magnitude greater than 6.0 are capable of damaging or sometimes leading to even collapse of lifeline bridges, resulting in human and socio-economic losses. The extent of earthquake damage depends on the location of bridge close to the nearest seismic zone, structural configuration, ductility demand, age, and characteristics of the soil below foundation. Many failure examples during recent past earthquakes demand the scientific community and civil engineers, the importance of designing bridge structures against seismic forces; particularly when they built on loose soils. Vertical and lateral loads are resisted by the frame action of the superstructure and substructure of the bridge. Abutments and piers or supporting columns resist lateral forces in proportion to their relative stiffness. The vulnerability of any bridge during an earthquake is mainly due to the lateral displacements which cause large shear and flexure in pier or abutment and lead to failure at connections between the pier top and superstructure, or pier bottom and foundation. In the present study, an example of a two-lane and four spanned R.C. T-beam bridge across a canal, located in seismic zone III, is chosen for carrying out dynamic analysis against seismic forces and checked whether the bearing seat width provided at top of abutment and pier is safe or not, against the horizontal displacement of abutment and pier, obtained from the analysis due to seismic forces.

Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPBs) are plumes of low density plasma that rise up from the bottomside of the F layer towards the exosphere. EPBs are known causes of radio wave scintillations which can degrade communications with spacecraft. We build a random forest regressor to predict and forecast the probability of an EPB [0-1] detected by the IBI processor on-board the SWARM spacecraft. We use 8-years of Swarm data from 2014 to 2021 and transform the data from a time series into a 5 dimensional space consisting of latitude, longitude, mlt, year, and day-of-the-year. We also add Kp, F10.7cm and solar wind speed. The observations of EPBs with respect to geolocation, local time, season and solar activity mostly agrees with existing work, whilst the link geomagnetic activity is less clear. The prediction has an accuracy of 88% and performs well across the EPB specific spatiotemporal scales. This proves that the XGBoost method is able to successfully capture the climatological and daily variability of SWARM EPBs. Capturing the daily variance has long evaded researchers because of local and stochastic features within the ionosphere. We take advantage of Shapley Values to explain the model and to gain insight into the physics of EPBs. We find that as the solar wind speed increases the probability of an EPB decreases. We also identify a spike in EPB probability around the Earth-Sun perihelion. Both of these insights were derived directly from the XGBoost and Shapley technique., Comment: 26 Pages, 18 Figures

Introduction: In the elderly, one of the most common joint diseases is osteoarthritis (OA). Established risk factors include obesity, increasing age, female sex, knee joint injury and meniscectomy. NSAIDS including selective COX – 2 inhibitors have come to play an important role in the pharmacologic management of arthritis and pain. Etoricoxib has been found to be less harmful to the gastrointestinal, renovascular and cardiovascular system. Materials and Methods: Demographic data was collected in detail from all the patients. The site and severity of pain was assessed using the Lequesne Index. The subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups. The first group - GROUP – A was treated with Etoricoxib [90 mg OD for 14 days] and the second group - GROUP – B was treated with Etoricoxib [14 day] and combination of glucosamine and chondroitin [1 month]. The severity of the pain was noted from all the patients before treatment, during 1st follow up after 1 month, and the 2nd follow up after 2 months. Results: No patient in both A and B group were in the extremely severe category, while 80% in group A and 60% in Group B were in the moderate to severe category. 20% in Group A and 40% in Group B were in the mild to moderate category after 4 weeks of treatment. After 8 weeks of treatment, 10% in group A and 5% in group B were in the moderate to severe category and 55% in Group A and 28% in Group B were in the mild to moderate category while 35% in Group A and 67% in Group B were under satisfactory joint function category. Conclusion: Etoricoxib 90 mg OD for 3 weeks plus combination of glucosamine and chondroitin for 4 weeks is more effective when compared to Etoricoxib as single therapy. Keywords: Etoricoxib glucosamine chondroitin osteoarthritis.