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Additional file 1: Table S1. Test for indicator collinearity of formative constructs. Table S2. Test for indicator loadings of formative constructs. Fig. S3. SEM with past behavior as control variable.

Background With the easing of governmental COVID-19 restrictions, promoting voluntary public compliance with protective measures becomes essential for the pandemic evolution. A highly relevant target group for such health promotion are adolescents and young adults since they showed a strong decline in compliance throughout the pandemic. Building on an extended version of the Theory of Planned Behavior, this article investigates drivers of young people’s intentions to engage in voluntary COVID-19 measures in phases of re-opening. Methods We conducted a sequential multi-method study among 14- to 29-year-olds in Germany: (1) a semi-standardized online survey (N = 88) to examine underlying beliefs and (2) a standardized online survey (N = 979) to identify influencing factors of compliance. The pre-study addressed the respondents’ perceptions about wearing a mask, social distancing, and avoiding crowded locations (open-ended questions). Responses for all protective measures were aggregated to identify general behavioral, normative, and control beliefs about COVID-19 protective measures. In order to gain generalizable insights into the factors determining voluntary compliance intentions in younger adults, we conceptualized the model constructs in the subsequent standardized online survey as formative measures based on their underlying beliefs. PLS-SEM was used to examine the effects of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, risk perceptions, and knowledge on young people’s intentions to comply (main study). Furthermore, a multi-group analysis was conducted to investigate differences between compliers and non-compliers. Results The pre-study revealed that young people’s instrumental attitudes not only cover reasons of protection but also aspects of self-presentation (e.g., being a role model). The main study showed that besides knowledge and perceived severity of illness, instrumental attitude is the strongest predictor of intention to comply. The influence is even stronger in the group of non-compliers. Conclusion This article highlights the importance of theory-based campaign planning and provides practical guidance to health communicators on how to increase voluntary compliance with COVID-19 protective measures in adolescents and young adults. The findings demonstrate the great potential of combining the Theory of Planned Behavior with risk perception and knowledge to gain deeper insights into the feelings and thoughts of younger target groups during a health crisis.

Endometriosis is a complex disease that affects roughly 10% (190 million) of reproductive age women and girls globally, from the onset of their first period (menarche) through menopause regardless of ethnic origin or social status. It is a chronic disease associated with severe, life-impacting pain during periods, sexual intercourse, bowel movements and/or urination, chronic pelvic pain, abdominal bloating, nausea, fatigue, and sometimes depression, anxiety, and infertility. There is a need for more research and awareness raising around the world to ensure effective prevention, early diagnosis, and improved management of the disease. The study consists of a survey and an experiment. From the survey, we want to find predictors of endometriosis awareness. In the experiment, we will compare general information leaflets of endometriosis (EG1) and a leaflet including additional information about stigmatization of endometriosis (EG1) to a control group that does not get any information about endometriosis at all (CG). The dependent variables will be (1) knowledge, (2) stigmatization of endometriosis and (3) acceptance of policies in the working environment.

This study aims to investigate how different types of digital media affect adolescents’ affective well-being and what role flow plays in this relationship–drawing from a one-week Mobile Experience Sampling (MES) study among 12- to 18-year-old students. This study contributes to understanding adolescents’ digital media use behavior and provides relevant answers to how digital media actually negatively–or even positively–affect their well-being.

This study aims to combine a media psychological and time-economic perspective and investigates how different types of digital media affect adolescents' academic performance by taking time spent on school work as a mediator into account. Moreover, the moderating role of self-control will be examined in the relationship between digital media use, time spent on school work, and academic performance. The data for this study draws from a one-week Mobile Experience Sampling (MES) study among 12- to 18-year-old students.

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