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A 15-year-old female presented with a chief complaint of unesthetic smile and protrusive lips. Lower facial height and convexity were within normal limits, but the lower lip was protrusive (3mm to the E-Line). Bimaxillary retrusion (SNA 79.5˚, SNB 76˚, and ANB 3.5˚) and a high mandibular angle (SN-MP 38˚) were noted. Lower incisors were prominent (L1 to MP 96˚ and L1 to NB 8 mm). Molars were Class I, but the upper right canine (UR3) was Class II. The upper left deciduous canine (ULc) was retained, and the UL3 was labially impacted. An oblique direction of canine eruption wedged the impaction between the keratinized mucosa and the adjacent incisor, eliciting root resorption on the labial surface of the UL2. The discrepancy index (DI) was 16. Following extraction of all four first premolars and the ULc, all teeth except the UL2 were bonded with a Damon Q® passive self-ligating bracket system. Vertical incision subperiosteal tunnel access (VISTA) technique was performed to produce a submucosal space for retraction and extrusion of the impacted UR3. A button was bonded on the UL3, and a power chain was attached. The elastomer chain exited the mucosa through a more distal incision, and traction was applied with a custom lever arm, anchored by an OBS® inserted into the left infrazygomatic crest. The impaction was retracted into a normal position between the UL2 and UL4. Once the UL3 was extruded to the occlusal plane, the UL2 was bonded and its axial inclination was corrected with a labial root torquing auxiliary. Both arches were detailed and finished. After 24 months of active treatment, the UL3 was well aligned, but the labial gingiva supporting it was immature and only partially keratinized. Follow-up visit 1.5 years later showed its maturation into a stable but relatively thin band of gingiva. In retrospect, this UL3 gingival problem may have been avoided by adjusting the three-dimensional (3D) lever arm for a more palatal emersion of the impaction. There was no change in the preexisting labial root resorption of the UL2, but no additional root resorption on any teeth occurred during active treatment. Final alignment and dental esthetics were excellent as evidenced by an American Board of Orthodontics Cast-Radiograph Evaluation score of 12, and the IBOI Pink and White Esthetic Score of 2. VISTA with an OBS 3D lever arm is an important advance for orthodontic impaction recovery. Submucosal retraction of a labially- impacted, partially transposed maxillary canine permits optimal emergence into the arch. Differential biomechanics of soft and hard tissue explains impaction-related root loss before treatment, as well as the mechanism for protecting an unrestrained lateral incisor while the impacted canine is recovered.

Sleep disturbance is an important contributor to poor quality of life in rheumatic disorders. This study aims to test whether clinical, autoimmune and psychological factors are associated with sleep disturbance in systemic sclerosis (SSc) compared to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and controls.101 female subjects (SSc=33, RA=34, healthy controls=34) participated in this observational, cross-sectional, parallel group study. Sleep disturbance was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Other assessments included the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Clinical parameters, therapeutic regimen, and serologic status were recorded.In SSc patients, PSQI scores were higher than in RA patients and controls. Linear regression analysis showed that in SSc patients PSQI scores was associated with BDI, disease duration, modified Rodnan skin score and VAS, while DAS28 and BDI were associated with PSQI scores in RA patients. Anti-Scl70 and ANA positive SSc patients showed higher PSQI scores compared to those ANA positive only, while no differences were observed in RA patients classified according to rheumatoid factor positivity. SSc patients treated with immunosuppressants had lower PSQI scores compared to those not on therapy, whereas only corticosteroid treatment was significantly associated with higher PSQI scores in RA patients. RA patients with disease activity higher than moderate (DAS28≥3.2) had higher PSQI scores than those with lower than moderate (DAS283.2).Longitudinal studies are needed to identify disease-specific patterns associated with sleep disturbances and the influence on sleep function induced by immunosuppressive therapy among rheumatic patients.

Branching ratios, lepton forward-backward asymmetries, and lepton polarization asymmetries for the flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC) dileptonic decays of the $��_b$ baryon to the ground state and a number of excited state $��$ baryons are calculated using form factors extracted using wave functions from a constituent quark model. The SM branching ratios for the transition to the ground state calculated using these quark model form factors are consistent with the recent measurement reported by the LHCb collaboration. It is shown that the lepton polarization asymmetries are largely insensitive to the transition form factors and, therefore, to the effects of QCD in the nonperturbative regime. These observables can therefore provide somewhat model independent ways of extracting various combinations of the Wilson coefficients., 44 pages, 34 figures, To be submitted to IJMPA. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1108.6129

Studies of genomic copy number variants (CNVs) have identified genes associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID) such as NRXN1, SHANK2, SHANK3 and PTCHD1. Deletions have been reported in PTCHD1 however there has been little information available regarding the clinical presentation of these individuals. Herein we present 23 individuals with PTCHD1 deletions or truncating mutations with detailed phenotypic descriptions. The results suggest that individuals with disruption of the PTCHD1 coding region may have subtle dysmorphic features including a long face, prominent forehead, puffy eyelids and a thin upper lip. They do not have a consistent pattern of associated congenital anomalies or growth abnormalities. They have mild to moderate global developmental delay, variable degrees of ID, and many have prominent behavioral issues. Over 40% of subjects have ASD or ASD-like behaviors. The only consistent neurological findings in our cohort are orofacial hypotonia and mild motor incoordination. Our findings suggest that hemizygous PTCHD1 loss of function causes an X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder with a strong propensity to autistic behaviors. Detailed neuropsychological studies are required to better define the cognitive and behavioral phenotype.

During the summer of 1989, the Forecast Systems Laboratory of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration sponsored an evaluation of artificial intelligence-based systems that forecast severe convective storms. The evaluation experiment, called Shootout-89, took place in Boulder, and focussed on storms over the northeastern Colorado foothills and plains (Moninger, et al., 1990). Six systems participated in Shootout-89. These included traditional expert systems, an analogy-based system, and a system developed using methods from the cognitive science/judgment analysis tradition. Each day of the exercise, the systems generated 2 to 9 hour forecasts of the probabilities of occurrence of: non significant weather, significant weather, and severe weather, in each of four regions in northeastern Colorado. A verification coordinator working at the Denver Weather Service Forecast Office gathered ground-truth data from a network of observers. Systems were evaluated on the basis of several measures of forecast skill, and on other metrics such as timeliness, ease of learning, and ease of use. Systems were generally easy to operate, however the various systems required substantially different levels of meteorological expertise on the part of their users--reflecting the various operational environments for which the systems had been designed. Systems varied in their statistical behavior, but on this difficult forecast problem, the systems generally showed a skill approximately equal to that of persistence forecasts and climatological (historical frequency) forecasts. The two systems that appeared best able to discriminate significant from non significant weather events were traditional expert systems. Both of these systems required the operator to make relatively sophisticated meteorological judgments. We are unable, based on only one summer's worth of data, to determine the extent to which the greater skill of the two systems was due to the content of their knowledge bases, or to the subjective judgments of the operator. A follow-on experiment, Shootout-91, is currently being planned. Interested potential participants are encouraged to contact the author at the address above., Comment: Appears in Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (UAI1989)

Lepton polarization asymmetries for the flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC) dileptonic decays of ��b baryons are calculated using single-component analytic (SCA) and multicomponent numerical (MCN) form factors. We show that these polarization asymmetries are insensitive to the transition form factors and, thus, the effects of QCD in the nonperturbative regime. Therefore, these observables can provide somewhat model independent ways of extracting the Wilson coefficients., 3 pages, 2 tables, 1 figure, To appear in the proceedings for the Eleventh Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics (CIPANP 2012)

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In this paper we consider a sequential "meson emission" mechanism for charmonium decays of the type Psi -> N Nbar m, where Psi is a generic charmonium state, N is a nucleon and m is a light meson. This decay mechanism, which may not be dominant in general, assumes that an NNbar pair is created during charmonium annihilation, and the light meson m is emitted from the outgoing nucleon or antinucleon line. A straightforward generalization of this model can incorporate intermediate N* resonances. We derive Dalitz plot event densities for the cases Psi = eta_c, J/psi, chi_c0, chi_c1} and psi' and m = pi0, f0 and omega (and implicitly, any 0^{-+}, 0^{++} or 1^{--} final light meson). It may be possible to separate the contribution of this decay mechanism to the full decay amplitude through characteristic event densities. For the decay subset Psi -> p pbar pi0 the two model parameters are known, so we are able to predict absolute numerical partial widths for Gamma(Psi -> p pbar pi0). In the specific case J/psi -> p pbar pi0 the predicted partial width and M_{p pi0} event distribution are intriguingly close to experiment. We also consider the possibility of scalar meson and glueball searches in Psi -> p pbar f0. If the meson emission contributions to Psi -> N Nbar m decays can be isolated and quantified, they can be used to estimate meson-nucleon strong couplings {g_NNm}, which are typically poorly known, and are a crucial input in meson exchange models of the NN interaction. The determination of g_NNpi from J��-> p pbar pi0 and the (poorly known) g_NNomega and the anomalous "strong magnetic" coupling kappa_{NNomega} from J/psi -> p pbar omega are considered as examples., 10 pages, 5 figures

Adaptations of the National Adult Reading Test (NART) for assessing premorbid intelligence in languages other than English requires (a) generating word-items that are rare and do not follow grapheme-to-phoneme mappings common in that language, and (b) subsequent validation against a cognitive battery normed on the population of interest. Such tests exist for Italy, France, Spain, and Argentina, all normed against national versions of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Given the varieties of Spanish spoken in the United States, the adaptation of the Spanish Word Accentuation Test (WAT) requires re-validating the original word list, plus possible new items, against a cognitive battery that has been normed on Spanish-speakers from many countries. This study reports the generation of 55 additional words and revalidation in a sample of 80 older, Spanish-dominant immigrants. The Bateria Woodcock-Munoz Revisada (BWM-R), normed on Spanish speakers from six countries and five U.S. states, was used to establish criterion validity. The original WAT word list accounted for 77% of the variance in the BWM-R and 58% of the variance in Ravens Colored Progressive Matrices, suggesting that the unmodified list possesses adequate predictive validity as an indicator of intelligence. Regression equations are provided for estimating BWM-R and Ravens scores from WAT scores. (JINS, 2006, 12, 391–399.)

A system was developed to determine the potential role of infrared imaging as a tool for localizing anatomic structures and assessing tissue viability during laparoscopic surgical procedures. A camera system sensitive to emitted energy in the midinfrared range (3-5 micron) was incorporated into a two-channel visible laparoscope. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, dissection of the ureter, and assessment of bowel perfusion were performed in a porcine model with the aid of this infrared imaging system. Inexperienced laparoscopists were asked to localize and differentiate structures before dissection using the visible system and then using the infrared system. Assessment of bowel perfusion was also conducted using each system. Infrared imaging proved to be useful in differentiating between blood vessels and other anatomic structures. Differentiation of the cystic duct and arteries and transperitoneal localization of the ureter were successful in all instances using the infrared system when use of the visible system had failed. This system also permitted assessment of bowel perfusion during laparoscopic occlusion of mesenteric vessels. These initial studies demonstrate that infrared imaging may improve the differentiation and localization of anatomic structures and allow assessment of physiologic parameters such as perfusion not previously attainable with visible laparoscopic techniques. It may thus potentially be a powerful adjunct to laparoscopic surgery.

We explore some of the rich structure of the polarization observables recently developed for processes like $��N\to����N$ and $��N\to K \bar{K} N$ in the framework of a specific model for the latter process. Emphasis is placed on observables that may be accesible at existing facilities in the near future. The sensitivity of the observables to the details of the model indicate that they will be a very useful tool in differentiating between different models for reactions like these. In the framework of a model for $��N\to K \bar{K} N$, we examine the sensitivity of the observables to coupling constants of the $��$, to the properties of the $��(1405)$, and to the existence of the $��^+$., 21 pages, latex, 17 figures, 1 style file included

Signaling through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors (VEGFRs) is a key pathway initiating endothelial cell proliferation and migration resulting in angiogenesis, a requirement for human tumor growth and metastasis. Abrogation of signaling through VEGFR by a variety of approaches has been demonstrated to inhibit angiogenesis and tumor growth. Small molecule inhibitors of VEGFR tyrosine kinase have been shown to inhibit angiogenesis, inhibit tumor growth, and prevent metastases. Our goal was to discover and characterize an p.o. active VEGFR-2 small molecule inhibitor. A novel isothiazole, CP-547,632, was identified as a potent inhibitor of the VEGFR-2 and basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF) kinases (IC(50) = 11 and 9 nM, respectively). It is selective relative to epidermal growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor beta, and other related TKs. It also inhibits VEGF-stimulated autophosphorylation of VEGFR-2 in a whole cell assay with an IC(50) value of 6 nM. After oral administration of CP-547,632 to mice bearing NIH3T3/H-ras tumors, VEGFR-2 phosphorylation in tumors was inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion (EC(50) = 590 ng/ml). These plasma concentrations correlated well with the observed concentrations of the compound necessary to inhibit VEGF-induced corneal angiogenesis in BALB/c mice. A sponge angiogenesis assay was used to directly compare the inhibitory activities of CP-547,632 against FGF receptor 2 or VEGFR-2; this compound potently inhibits both basic FGF and VEGF-induced angiogenesis in vivo. The antitumor efficacy of this agent was evaluated after once daily p.o. administration to athymic mice bearing human xenografts and resulted in as much as 85% tumor growth inhibition. CP-547,632 is a well-tolerated, orally-bioavailable inhibitor presently under clinical investigation for the treatment of human malignancies.

This is the report of the NSAC Subcommittee on Nuclear Theory in response to a charge by the funding agencies to review and evaluate current NSF and DOE supported efforts in nuclear theory and identify strategic plans to ensure a strong U.S. nuclear theory program under various funding scenarios., Comment: Report of the NSAC Nuclear Theory Subcommittee

Background Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystem autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy and organ fibrosis. Although microvascular alterations are most prominent in SSc, a growing body of evidence exists for structural and functional abnormalities in the macrovascular circulation. Due to the predominant vascular nature of this disease, characterized by early endothelial dysfunction, there is a great need to test specific therapeutic agents. Recent evidences showed that the administration of statins in SSc patients ameliorates endothelial function and reduces the overall number of ulcers, while experimental in vivo studies suggest that statins inhibit pulmonary and cutaneous fibrosis in the reactive oxygen species murine model of systemic sclerosis 1 . Objectives Aim of the study was therefore to evaluate the effect of simvastatin administration on aortic intima-media (IM) thickness and ratio in a murine model of systemic sclerosis. Methods SSc–like illness was induced in BALB/c mice by daily subcutaneous injections of HOCl for 6 weeks. Mice (n=23) were randomized in three arms to treatment with either HOCl (n=10), HOCl plus simvastatin (n=8) or vehicle alone (n=5). Simvastatin treatment (40 mg/kg) was initiated 30 minutes after HOCl subcutaneous injection and continued daily for the 6 weeks. Aortic IM thickness and ratio were measured by histological methods for statistical analysis. Immunohistochemical staining for a-smooth muscle actin in aortic tissues was performed to evaluate myofibroblast differentiation. Results In HOCl treated mice aortic IM thickness was significantly higher than controls, showing an increase of 104% (p Conclusions Although in the last decades SSc death rates due the atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases or cerebrovascular diseases increased 2 , remains controversial whether there is accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic sclerosis 3 . Administration of simvastatin moderates the increase of IM thickness in the reactive oxygen species murine model of SSc and reduces the number of αSMA+ cells. Further studies are needed to better address the effect of statins in the macrovascular component of SSc. References Bagnato G., Bitto A., Pizzino G, Irrera N, Sangari D, Cinquegrani M, Roberts WN, Matucci Cerinic M, Squadrito F, Altavilla D, Bagnato G, Saitta A. Simvastatin attenuates the development of pulmonary and cutaneous fibrosis in a murine model of systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2013 Aug;52(8):1377-86. Belch JJ, McSwiggan S, Lau C. Macrovascular disease in systemic sclerosis: the tip of an iceberg? Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008;47(Suppl 5):v16–7 Nussinovitch U, Shoenfeld Y. Atherosclerosis and macrovascular involvement in systemic sclerosis: myth or reality. Autoimmun Rev. 2011 Mar;10(5):259-66 Disclosure of Interest None declared DOI 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2465

We present a brief discussion of the general form of the amplitude that describes the two-pion photoproduction process. We outline an effective Lagrangian method that we are using to calculate this amplitude, and comment briefly on a few aspects of the calculation., Comment: Talk presented at CEBAF/INT N* workshop (Seattle, September, 1996): to appear in proceedings. 10 pages, LaTeX; Uses procsl (included with text file); 6 postscript figures, uses epsf

We discuss the application of the tensor formalism of HQET to the strong decays of heavy hadrons. We treat both meson and baryon decays, and note that all of our results are in agreement with the `spin-counting' arguments of Isgur and Wise. We briefly discuss the possible extension of the formalism to include $1/m$ corrections., Comment: 8 pages, RevTeX

We examine the rates for the exclusive decays $B\to K^{(*)}\ell^+\ell^-$. We use the scaling predictions of the heavy quark effective theory to extract the necessary form factors from fits to various combinations of data. These data include the $D\to K^{(*)}\ell\nu$ semileptonic decays, as well as the nonleptonic decays $B\to K^{(*)}\psi^{(\prime)}$ and the rare decay $B\to K^*\gamma$. We use different parametrizations of form factors, and find that integrated decay rates are not very sensitive to the forms chosen. However, the decay spectra and the forward-backward asymmetry in $B\to K^*\ell^+\ell^-$ are sensitive to the forms chosen for the form factors, while the lepton polarization asymmetry in $\bar B^0\to \bar K^0\mu^+\mu^-$ is largely independent of the choice of form factors. Contributions from charmonium resonances dominate the spectra and integrated rates. In our `best' scenario, we find $Br(\bar B^0\to \bar K^0\mu^+\mu^-)=2.0\pm 0.3\times 10^{-6}$ and $Br(\bar B^0\to \bar K^{*0}\mu^+\mu^-)=8.1\pm 2.0\times 10^{-6}$. We also make predictions for other polarization observables in these decays., Comment: 24 pages, RevTeX, epsf, rotating 11 postscript figures appended as uuencoded file (hardcopy can be obtained upon request from roberts@cebaf.gov)

We examine the measured rates for the decays $D\to K^{(*)}\ell\nu$, $B\to K^{(*)}\psi^{(\prime)}$ and $B\to K^*\gamma$ in a number of scenarios, in the framework of the heavy quark effective theory. We attempt to find a scenario in which all of these decays are described by a single set of form factors. Once such a scenario is found, we make predictions for the rare decays $B\to K^{(*)}\ell^+\ell^-$. While we find that many scenarios can provide adequate descriptions of all the data, somewhat surprisingly, we observe that two popular choices of form factors, namely monopolar forms and exponential forms, exhibit some shortcomings, especially when confronted with polarization observables. We predict $Br(\bar B^0\to \bar K^0\mu^+\mu^-)= 6.4\pm 1.0\times 10^{-7}$ and $Br(\bar B^0\to \bar K^{*0}\mu^+\mu^-)= 3.8\pm 1.3\times 10^{-6}$. We also make predictions for polarization observables in these decays., Comment: 30 pages, 6 figures. Uses revtex and epsf

An experimental canine brain model was developed to assess the effects of hyperthermia for a range of time and temperature endpoints, delivered within a specified distance of an interstitial microwave antenna in normal brain. The target temperature location was defined radially at 5.0 or 7.5 mm from the microwave source at the longitudinal location of maximum heating along the antenna in the left cerebral cortex. Temperatures were measured with fiberoptic probes in a coronal plane at this location in an orthogonal catheter at 1.0 mm intervals. Six antennas were evaluated, including dipole, modified dipole, and four shorted helical antennas with coil lengths from 0.5 to 3.9 cm. Antenna performance evaluated in tissue equivalent phantom by adjusting frequency at a fixed insertion depth of 7.8 cm or adjusting insertion depth at 915 MHz showed dipoles to be much more sensitive to insertion depth and frequency change than helical antennas. Specific absorption rate (SAR) was measured in a brain/skull phantom and isoSAR contours were plotted. In vivo temperature studies were also used to evaluate antenna performance in large and small canine brain tissues. A helical antenna with a 2.0 cm coil length driven at 915 MHz was chosen for the beagle experiments because of tip heating characteristics, well-localized heating along the coil length, and heating pattern appropriate to the smaller beagle cranial vault. Verification of lesion dimensions in 3-D D was obtained by orthogonal MRI scans and histology to document the desired heat effect, which was to obtain an imagable lesion with well-defined blood-brain-barrier breakdown and necrotic zones. The desired lesion size was between 1.5 to 2.5 cm diameter radially, in the coronal plane with the greatest diameter.

Twelve cases of listeriosis are described. Nine patients had meningitis, two primary listerial bacteraemia and one had bacteraemia from a focus of infection in the genito-urinary tract. Clinical presentation and treatment are described.

During June, July, and August of 1976 three species of amphibians were found within the Alberta Oil Sands Project area. The wood frog (Rana sylvatica) was the most abundant and widespread species and was collected at each of 20 sites examined. Boreal chorus frogs (Pseudacris triseriata maculata) and Canadian toads (Bufohemiophrys) were common but found at less than half of the study sites. All three species had spawned prior to 12 June. Natural ponds and borrow pits were the most frequently used spawning sites. Canadian toads also spawned in flowing water and lake margins. All species had metamorphosed by early August. Wood frogs metamorphosed at a mean snout-vent length of 17.2 mm, Canadian toads at 12.4 mm, and boreal chorus frogs at 13.7 mm. Spawning for each of these species probably does not occur until individuals are in their third summer of life. Population densities of wood frogs, boreal chorus frogs, and Canadian toads reached estimated maxima of 19.6, 2.3, and 12 per 1000 m2 during 1977. Maximum densities of all species were found within 50 m of the nearest body of water in moist habitat vegetated by sedges, grasses, horsetails, willows and poplar. Lower densities were found in upland mixed woods and no anurans were found in dry areas with sandy substrate and jack pine forest. Other amphibian species and reptiles are either absent or only locally abundant.

Although D. H. Lawrence occupies a uniquely important place in the development of modern American poetry, his role is often obscured. He was English; and those who have sought the major influences behind the innovative poetry that has become, over the last twenty-five years, the dominant American mode have gone to American poets: to Walt Whitman, William Carlos Williams and Ezra Pound.1 The fact remains, however, that Lawrence is, in his way, a part of the American poetic tradition. By far the most important influence on his own poetry was Whitman, and it was in large part through Lawrence that Whitman was brought into the twentieth century, for Lawrence was the first major poet to make extended use of Whitman’s stylistic discoveries. Because Lawrence was a pioneer in developing a distinctly American mode of writing, many American poets have looked to him for direction and encouragement. In general, those who acknowledge the influence of Whitman, Williams and Pound in shaping their poetry also acknowledge Lawrence.

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