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Existing research on housing cost burden focuses on its evolution over time. Few empirical studies, meanwhile, investigate changes in housing cost burden as a function of age. Literature is also scarce on how people's housing cost burden is affected by the act of retiring. In order to fill this research gap, we examine how the burden of housing costs tends to change after retirement and how the impact of retirement on housing cost burden differs for tenants as compared to homeowners. Taking advantage of the longitudinal data provided by the German Socio-Economic Panel (1993–2019), we estimate fixed effects regressions and model impact functions to estimate how people's housing cost burdens change after they retire. In addition, we interact the retirement event with tenure status. Our results show that retirement is associated with an increase in housing cost burden and that this association is stronger among tenants than among homeowners. We contribute to the literature on housing cost burden by taking a longitudinal perspective and showing that critical life events such as retirement do have an impact on the financial pressures exerted on households by housing costs and can even exacerbate the existing inequality in terms of housing cost burden between tenants and homeowners. We also demonstrate the importance for policy makers and future research of identifying social groups that may be particularly prone to financial overburden as a result of elevated housing costs in old age in order to implement policies that avoid such overburden and prevent the increase in social inequality after retirement.

O hálux varo é um acometimento infrequente na rotina ortopédica e consiste no desvio medial do hálux em relação ao primeiro metatarso. No presente artigo, relatamos o caso de uma paciente, do sexo feminino, com 45 anos, que chegou ao serviço de saúde após sofrer um trauma na região do pé direito. A paciente evoluiu com uma deformidade, ao apresentar um hálux varo pós-traumático, que necessitará de posterior intervenção cirúrgica. Para tanto, foi aplicada a técnica Mini TightRope, a qual apresentou vantagens em relação a outras estratégias cirúrgicas, já que pode promover a reabilitação funcional e estética do paciente.

The global water cycle is closely related to climate change, and fresh water is a precious resource. Therefore, the effects of climate change on fresh water quality are of major importance. Worldwide, shallow lakes and ponds are the most abundant reservoir types. However, there have been few studies about ponds despite their large number. It is commonly accepted that wind-driven currents and thermal stratification mainly affect water circulation and oxygen diffusion in lakes. The presented research aims to verify whether this accepted view would be observed in a pond (⁓1 m depth and ⁓5,600 m2 area) under natural conditions accompanying changes in temperature and wind. A field survey performed over 7 months in Japan has demonstrated that (i) the temperature variations in the air and the pond water were negatively correlated with the dissolved oxygen concentration; and (ii) the wind variation shows weak negative correlation with the dissolved oxygen level in the bottom layer. A simple concept of the link between temperature and dissolved oxygen is established through these findings – the oxygen solubility dependent on temperature is important rather than thermal stratification and wind in terms of discussing the climate change effects on pond water quality.

Objetivo: Avaliar interações medicamentosas (IM), em que os riscos se sobrepõem aos benefícios (nível I) ou os benefícios se sobrepõem aos riscos (nível II); a partir da análise retrospectiva de prescrições médicas em um Hospital Universitário no estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Métodos: Foram analisadas 19762 prescrições médicas destinadas à farmácia do hospital, de janeiro a setembro de 2009; com o auxílio de programas sobre IM, para categorizar IM de nível I e II. Resultados: Na análise 26,53% apresentaram IM, em que 23,64% foram classificadas em nível I e 76,35% em nível II. Dentre as IM com maior frequência no nível I, estavam: ácido acetilsalicílico (AAS) e clopidogrel, AAS e heparina, captopril e espironolactona, digoxina e hidroclorotiazida. Houve uma redução em percentual de IM de nível I, comparando janeiro representado por 26,5% e setembro representado por 18,4%. Já nas IM de nível II, tem-se as seguintes associações com maior frequência: AAS e propranolol, AAS e insulina regular humana, AAS e atenolol, AAS e enalapril, AAS e carvedilol. Conclusão: A atuação dos farmacêuticos colaborou à redução de IM de nível I, devido à intervenção por meio de comunicação estabelecida com os prescritores; sinalizando a importância da equipe interprofissional em saúde.

A infecção pelo coronavírus SARS-Cov-2 se disseminou pelo mundo de uma maneira muito acelerada, não permitindo que ninguém pudesse se preparar para lidar com esse cenário e isso afetou a todos, direta ou indiretamente. Quando, no ano de 2020, a infecção pelo coronavírus foi considerada uma pandemia, a maior parte da população conseguiu se proteger com medidas de higiene para prevenção do vírus e principalmente com o isolamento em domicílio. No entanto, uma parcela das pessoas não foram capazes de se isolar em suas residências pois não possuem residências, esses são os moradores de rua, um grupo já muito vulnerável por toda essa condição que se encontram, mas durante a pandemia do COVID-19, a vulnerabilidade se tornou bem maior. Eles são afetados não somente pela falta de isolamento, mas também pela falta de acesso a recursos de higiene necessários para a prevenção do vírus, pela desinformação e outros obstáculos em suas vidas. Esta revisão objetiva descrever a vulnerabilidade das pessoas em situação de rua em tempos de pandemia do COVID-19, e acrescentar algumas ações que foram aplicadas nesse contexto, a fim de melhorar a situação em saúde desses desabrigados e desamparados. Por meio da coleta de informações, através de artigos das bases de dados como SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) e Pubmed, e informações epidemiológicas em sites governamentais como no Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada e Painel Coronavírus. Em relação à metodologia, essa revisão foi elaborada por meio do método do fluxograma de Prisma. E como resultado, é esperado um conjunto de informações que descrevem a condição de vulnerabilidade dos moradores de rua durante o período da pandemia de Covid-19.

Chemically defined culture media (CDCMs) have their compositions qualitatively and quantitatively known. They are constituted of components able to meet the nutritional requirements of microorganisms. This study evaluated the employability of a multivitamin as the basis for the elaboration of a CDCM for experiments with yeasts. Candida albicans reference strains ATCC®90028™ and SC5314 were used. YNB® without amino acid (Difco Co.) was used as the standard in evaluations. For the preparation of the experimental culture medium (MycoDef), commercial multivitamin tablets had their coatings removed and were crushed until obtaining a fine powder; missing constituents were added. Comparisons were carried out evaluating aerobic and anaerobic planktonic growth rate, biofilm formation rate, whole-cell protein patterns by SDS-PAGE, minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimal fungicidal concentrations for clotrimazole, fluconazole, nystatin, and griseofulvin. Growth in MycoDef and YNB® did not differ between them (p>0.05) in both normoxic and anoxic conditions. Regarding employability for sensitivity testing, MycoDef showed performance like YNB®. The protein profiles of cells grown on both media did not differ in the number and positioning of bands. The results obtained allowed us to infer that MycoDef is a reliable low-cost culture medium useful for trials involving C. albicans.

This paper aims to introduce a computationally efficient and user-friendly toolbox, called VIBWAY, able to predict vibration and re-radiated noise levels in two situations. On the one hand, it can predict levels in existing buildings due to new lines or after the application of mitigation measures in existing ones. Thus, it can be used to assess the performance of vibration countermeasures applied at the track, vehicle and/or the building. On the other hand, it can predict levels in new buildings to be constructed close to an existing railway line. The VIBWAY toolbox is based on a non-interface 2.5D FEM-SBM approach for the wave propagation on the soil, on semi-analytical approaches for the track and the building and on multibody modelling of the train vehicle.

Our objective was to estimate the incidence of COVID-19 and the ABO blood Groups in the mass-gathering events (MGEs) during the Falles Festival in Borriana (Spain) from 6–10 March 2020. We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study and measured anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and the ABO of participants. We performed laboratory COVID-19 tests and obtained the ABO in 775 subjects (72.8% of the original exposed cohort): O-group (45.2%), A-group (43.1%), B-group (8.5%) and AB-group (3.4%). Adjusted for confounding factors, including COVID-19 exposure during the MGEs, attack rates of COVID-19 for each ABO group were 55.4%, 59.6%, 60.2%, and 63.7%. The adjusted relative risks were for O-group 0.93 (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.83–1.04), for A-group 1.06 (95% CI 0.94–1.18), for B-group 1.04 (95%CI 0.88–1.24), and for AB-group 1.11 (95% CI 0.81–1.51) with no significant differences. Conclusions: Our results suggest no effect of ABO on COVID-19 incidence. We observed weak but not significant protection of the O-group and not a significantly greater infection risk for the remaining groups compared with the O-group. More studies are needed to resolve the controversies regarding the association between ABO and COVID-19.

A inclusão educacional tem impulsionado muitos estudos sobre o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de alunos com deficiência. Nesse contexto, o uso das Tecnologias Assistivas recebeu espaço significativo. O presente estudo buscou investigar a existência de trabalhos que envolvam o uso de tecnologias assistivas, desenvolvidas e utilizadas na disciplina de língua portuguesa, para estudantes com deficiência, matriculados na educação básica. Para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão da literatura, envolvendo trabalhos desenvolvidos nos últimos 10 anos, publicados no Portal de Periódicos da CAPES e Google Acadêmico, utilizando os descritores: Tecnologias Assistivas; Ensino; Língua Portuguesa; Deficiência; Inclusão. A pesquisa permitiu conhecer a existência de estudos acerca das ferramentas de tecnologias assistivas que viabilizam o acesso curricular de estudantes com deficiência à disciplina de Língua Portuguesa e problematizar questões referentes à inclusão educacional nessa disciplina, no âmbito da educação básica. Ao final desse trabalho, foi possível identificar um panorama acerca da existência e utilização de ferramentas disponíveis para apoiar o estudante com deficiência nas aulas de língua portuguesa, bem como contribuir com pesquisas na área de ensino de língua portuguesa e literatura no contexto da educação inclusiva.

The current educational context demands digital competence from teachers as one of the key factors to guide the process of teaching and learning in a digital society. It thus becomes necessary to identify first-year university students’ competence, in order to design training that allows its development, not only at an instrumental level, but, above all, with a marked methodological character. The main aim of this research is to analyze and compare in terms of gender and degree, the perception that first-year students of Education in Catalonia and Andorra have about their level of teacher digital competence (TDC), as a means for a formative assessment method that allows future teachers to reflect on the development of this competence. A descriptive and comparative analysis with a quantitative, non-experimental and transectional approach and a post-hoc design was carried out, in which 1558 first-year students of the Bachelor’s degrees in Education from the Catalan and Andorran universities answered to a questionnaire during the 2020-21 academic year. The findings show that, in general, participants show a high self-perception of their teacher digital competence, assessing themselves more competent in ethical aspects, communication and use of digital resources and applications, while they feel less capable in aspects related to pedagogical design, evaluation and the use of digital technologies for learning. El contexto educativo actual configura una nueva competencia digital de los docentes como factor clave para dar respuesta a las formas de enseñar y de aprender en un mundo cada vez más digital. Se hace necesario identificar los conocimientos de los estudiantes de recién ingreso a la universidad, con el fin de diseñar una formación que permita el desarrollo de esta competencia, no sólo a nivel instrumental, sino, sobre todo, con un marcado carácter metodológico. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la percepción que tienen los estudiantes de primer curso de los grados de Educación de Cataluña y Andorra sobre su nivel de competencia digital docente, y estudiar posibles diferencias por género y titulación, como parte del proceso de diagnóstico y autoevaluación formativa de futuros maestros. Se realizó un estudio de corte cuantitativo, no-experimental y transeccional de diseño post-hoc y análisis descriptivo y comparativo, en el que participaron 1558 estudiantes de primer curso de los Grados en Educación de las universidades catalanas y andorrana del curso 2020-21, que respondieron a un cuestionario de autopercepción. Los resultados señalan que globalmente los estudiantes tienen una autopercepción alta de su competencia digital docente, valorándose más competentes en aspectos éticos, de comunicación y de uso de recursos y aplicaciones, y menos capacitados en aspectos vinculados con el diseño pedagógico, la evaluación y el uso de las tecnologías digitales para el aprendizaje.

O setor elétrico é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de um país, e por isso requer constante atenção e consequente planejamento. É quase impossível imaginar uma possibilidade de gerar crescimento econômico e melhora da qualidade de vida da sociedade, sem o fornecimento energético correspondente aos níveis de crescimento. Neste sentido os estudos científicos são primordiais para este setor, principalmente no que se refere a tomada de decisões. Desta maneira a presente pesquisa tem objetivo de sacar estudos de temas relacionados à diversificação de fontes geradoras da Matriz Elétrica Brasileira - MEB. Para tal foi realizado um estudo bibliométrico na base Scopus utilizando palavras-chave relacionadas ao tema, a fim de obter um conjunto de produções acadêmicas da área. Uma amostra de cento e nove estudos foi relacionada, apresentando cronologia das produções científicas, periódicos e autores maior número de publicações relacionadas e publicações mais citadas. Por fim mostrando que o tema tem carência de pesquisas.

Introduction: Essential tremor (ET) is one of the most prevalent movement disorders in adults and may be highly disabling for some. Magnetic resonance image-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MRIgFUS) has been shown to control tremor efficaciously and with acceptable risk. To date, paresthesia and ataxia are the most common adverse effects (AE). Nevertheless, the impact of MRIgFUS thalamotomy on balance is not well established. Methods: Thirty-two patients underwent MRIgFUS for ET and completed 6 months of follow-up. Tremor severity and functional disability were assessed using the Essential Tremor Rating Scale and the Quality of Life in Essential Tremor Questionnaire. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) was applied to objectively measure balance status. Results: All treatments were successful. The sonication target was 1–2 mm above the depth of the intercommissural line. Procedures lasted less the 2 h, with an average of 8 sonications per patient. Twenty-four patients were included in the tremor analysis. The hand tremor score was improved by 76% after 6 months of follow-up and 87% of patients self-reported marked improvement (≥75%). Disability scores showed marked improvement (78%), leading to a significant improvement in quality of life. At the final follow-up, 48% of the patients reported no side effects. When present, AE were generally transient and were considered mild in 96% of affected patients. Paresthesia and subjective feeling of unsteadiness were the most common persistent complaints (23% and 20%, respectively). Regarding objective ataxia, BBS scores remained stable throughout follow-up for most patients. Only 2 patients suffered a mild worsening of balance although no patients experienced moderate or severe ataxia. Conclusions: Subjective feeling of unsteadiness is one of the most frequent AE after MRIgFUS, although objective ataxia is infrequent and mild. Selecting the most appropriate lesion location and procedural parameters should increase treatment benefits while reducing side effects.

O marketing e a comunicação online permitem às empresas comunicar e interagir com os seus clientes de forma eficaz e direcionada. Neste contexto, o presente estudo pretende determinar como e de que forma as Pequenas e Médias Empresas (PME’s) da Indústria Têxtil e Vestuário portuguesa, que operam no segmento B2B, usam as ferramentas de marketing digital. Pretende também “medir” a importância e eficácia atribuída pelas organizações a cada uma das ferramentas de marketing digital, os obstáculos que enfrentam na utilização destas ferramentas, os objetivos que pretendem atingir com a sua utilização, e que métricas utilizam para as avaliar. Este estudo utilizou uma metodologia quantitativa: foi desenvolvido e aplicado um questionário a uma amostra de empresas portuguesas que operam no setor ITV (Indústrias de Têxtil e Vestuário). Os principais resultados apontam para uma utilização relativamente frequente das redes sociais, do Search Marketing e do Website. Globalmente as empresas reconhecem a eficácia da maioria das ferramentas utilizadas. Os principais obstáculos à implementação destas ferramentas estão relacionados com a falta de recursos humanos especializados e com a falta de investimento nestas áreas.

A obra saramaguiana foi magistral em evocar e/ou provocar o passado e os seus discursos cristalizados, sendo O evangelho segundo Jesus Cristo (1991) um ilustre exemplo. Neste artigo, proponho-me revisitar este romance de José Saramago de forma a argumentar que a obra em causa mobiliza uma profanação das figuras bíblicas ao nível lexical. Mais especificamente, e à luz do conceito de profanação de Agamben (2007), defendo que o narrador e as personagens, através das suas escolhas lexicais, põem em marcha um processo de restituição de determinadas palavras a um uso que até então lhes estava vedado não só pela própria tessitura dos evangelhos canónicos como também pelas leituras historicamente construídas desses mesmos textos, o que, em última instância, contribui para uma profanação das figuras bíblicas. Saramago’s work was masterful in evoking and/or provoking the past and its crystallized discourses, with O evangelho segundo esus Cristo [The Gospel Accordibg Jesus Christ] (1991) being a notable example. In this article, I propose to revisit this Saramago’s novel in order to argue that the work in question mobilizes a profanation of biblical figures at the lexical level. More specifically, and in the light of the Agamben’s concept of profanation (2007), I claim that the narrator and the characters, through their lexical choices, operationalize a process of restoring certain words to a use that until then was denied to them not only by the weaving of the canonical gospels but also by the historically constructed readings of these same texts, which, ultimately, contributes to a blurring of the boundary between the sacred and the profane. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Trata-se de um comentário de jurisprudência relativo ao Recurso Especial n. 1.788.601/SP, o qual aborda o tema do sequestro internacional de menores, em que são discutidos os limites entre a Convenção da Haia de 1980 e o princípio do melhor interesse da criança. Nesta análise, conclui-se a prudência em casos relativos ao retorno de menores é a posição mais apropriada por abarcar o aludido princípio, mesmo que isso signifique um atraso no retorno do menor.

The integration of wireless sensors into the automotive industry is making vehicles increasingly safe and autonomous. At present, vehicles are equipped with external sensors that facilitate maneuverability and braking and internal sensors that detect presence, seat belt state, and occupant vital signs. Early detection of dysfunctional breathing patterns can reduce the risk of accidents caused by drowsiness or fatigue. In this regard, this work presents an MIMO FMCW Radar System able to distinguish dysfunctional breathing patterns from human torso motion. The torso has been divided into six regions, and the amplitude of the elongation and the frequency of motion of each region have been measured during breathing. An elongation map is then constructed in order to graphically show the dysfunctional breathing patterns. The signal processing includes a peak search algorithm to detect elongation amplitude and a bandpass frequency filter to minimize dc components, random driver motion, and vehicle vibration. A torso elongation emulator phantom has been assembled with materials of skin-like relative permittivity and dc motors for calibration and validation of basic breathing patterns. Finally, the signal of the system is compared with that of a commercial respiration belt, and then the system is tested by performing measurements on people. The MIMO radar system is able to measure, differentiate, and classify patterns associated with dysfunctional breathing such as hyperventilation syndrome and thoracic dominant breathing. This work was supported in part by the Spanish “Comision Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnologia” (CICYT) under Project PID2019-107885GB-C31 and Project MDM2016- 0600, in part by the Catalan Research Group under Grant 2017 SGR 219, and in part by the “Secretaría Nacional de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación” (SENESCYT) from the Ecuadorian Government

The present study explored the microprobe X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (µ-XRF) for quantitative and space-resolved distribution of macro, i.e., K, P, S, and Ca, and micronutrients, i.e., Fe, Zn, and Mn elemental composition in the cross-sectioned seeds of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.), kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and soybean (Glycine max L.) seeds, important agricultural species within the Fabaceae family. It unveils that both macro and micronutrients were heterogeneously distributed across seed tissues. Most of the P and S, Fe, Zn, and Mn were mainly found at the embryo axis tissues in all three Fabaceae species, whereas K was spread along the cotyledon and Ca was mostly observed trapped at the seed coat region. Furthermore, the Pearson correlation coefficient revealed a strong spatial correlation between P and S, and K and S in cowpea and soybean seed tissues, whereas Zn and Mn association was also recorded. Therefore, the µ-XRF technique demonstrates to be an important tool for assessing seed nutrient distribution, thus subsidizing the understanding of the physiological role of nutrients in seeds and fostering innovative approaches for nutrient supply and biofortification.

Kratom, a plant that produces opioid-like effects, has gained popularity in the U.S. for self-treating symptoms of chronic pain, mood disorders, and substance-use disorders (SUDs). Most data on kratom are from surveys into which current kratom-using adults could self-select; such surveys may underrepresent people who have used kratom and chosen to stop. Available data also do not adequately assess important psychosocial factors surrounding kratom use. In this study, U.S. adults who reported past 6-month alcohol, opioid, and/or stimulant use (N = 1,670) were recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk between September and December 2020. Of the 1,510 evaluable respondents, 202 (13.4%) reported lifetime kratom use. Kratom-using adults, relative to others, were typically younger, male, unpartnered, without children, and had lower income. They had higher rates of chronic pain (31.7% vs. 21.9%, p = .003), childhood adversity, anxiety, and depression (p < .001), and lower perceived social rank (d = .19, .02-.22) and socioeconomic status (d = .37 .16-.26). They also reported higher use rates for most substances (except alcohol); this included medically supervised and unsupervised use of prescription opioids and diverted opioid agonist therapy (OAT) medications. Most (83.2%) met diagnostic criteria for any past-year SUD. Those reporting kratom use were less likely to reside in an urban/suburban area. The strongest predictors of kratom use were use of other drugs: cannabidiol (OR = 3.73), psychedelics (OR = 3.39), and nonmedical prescription opioids (OR = 1.72). Another strong predictor was lifetime OAT utilization (OR = 2.31). Despite seemingly poorer psychosocial functioning and health among respondents reporting lifetime kratom use, use of other substances may be the strongest indicators of kratom use. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

La pandemia ocasionada por el COVID-19 ha acelerado la integración del aprendizaje en línea en la educación superior (ES), y las universidades deben adaptarse a un escenario de no presencialidad hacia sistemas de aprendizaje híbridos. La transformación digital es un proceso que deben llevar a cabo las universidades y que requiere cambios sustanciales y estratégicos en prácticamente todos sus procesos. En este artículo se presenta el caso de una universidad creada y desarrollada en línea y cuyas experiencias pueden ser útiles a otras universidades que quieran emprender un camino similar. La investigación realizada se enmarca en el proyecto europeo "Empower Competences for Onlife Learning in HE'' (ECOLHE), desarrollado a través de un consorcio de instituciones de Italia, Grecia, Irlanda, Chipre y Cataluña. En el estudio presentado se aplican diferentes instrumentos de recogida de información como entrevistas en profundidad con responsables académicos, organización de grupos de discusión con profesores-investigadores, profesores/tutores, así como personal administrativo y técnico y un cuestionario online dirigido a los alumnos. En este trabajo se presentan diferentes visiones sobre los principales elementos y dificultades de una universidad digitalizada destacando que la tecnología debe ser una forma de mejorar la enseñanza, la investigación y el intercambio de conocimiento y que cambiar de un sistema tradicional presencial a un sistema en línea o híbrido no consiste únicamente en implementar la tecnología. Se aportan además una serie de conclusiones y lecciones aprendidas que pueden ser consideradas a la hora de iniciar un proceso de transformación digital en la ES.

INTRODUCTION: Since 2007, kratom use in the United States has increased, centered around nonmedical self-treatment of pain, psychiatric, and substance use disorder (SUD) symptoms. Reports of kratom withdrawal have emerged amidst description of therapeutic effects, yet we know little about disordered use. Our objective was to assess DSM-5 SUD for kratom (“kratom use disorder”, KUD) and examine kratom withdrawal symptoms among those who ever used regularly. We also sought to identify clinical characteristics of respondents who qualified for current, remitted, or never KUD. METHODS: Between April-May 2021, we re-recruited online respondents who reported lifetime kratom use on an unrelated survey into our cross-sectional kratom survey study, permitting a diverse sample of current and former kratom-using persons. RESULTS: A total of 129/289 (44.6%) evaluable surveys were obtained. Over half (52.7%) of respondents never met KUD diagnostic criteria; 17.8% were assessed remitted, and 29.5% met current (past-year) KUD threshold. For past-year KUD, severity was: 14.0% mild, 7.0% moderate, and 8.5% severe. Pain, psychiatric symptoms, and polydrug use were found across all groups. KUD symptoms reflected increased use, tolerance, withdrawal, unsuccessful quit attempts, and craving; 9.3% reported decreases in important social, occupational, or recreational activities because of use. Withdrawal symptoms were moderate and included gastrointestinal upset, restlessness, anxiety, irritability, fatigue/low energy, and craving. CONCLUSIONS: As assessed here, tolerance and withdrawal are primary KUD features rather than psychosocial impairments. As kratom is often used among persons with a myriad of health conditions, clinicians should be aware of and assess for kratom use and withdrawal.

Aims: To identify and synthesize evidence on the use of action research methods in mental health nursing care. Design: Systematic review. Data sources: CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus databases were searched in January 2021. Review methods: Data were selected using the updated Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis framework. Two reviewers independently conducted the study selection, and quality appraisal using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research, data extraction and data analysis procedures. Results: Sixteen studies, half of which used participatory action research, were included in this review. Nurses, along with other stakeholders, were an active part of the action research process. The main topics of interest addressed were categorized as improving the adoption of a person-centred approach to care and improving decision-making procedures. The use of action research helped the participants to identify the meaning they attached to the topic of interest to be improved. Moreover, this method helped to identify needs and strategies for improving care. The studies concurred that the use of action research enabled participants to gain awareness, improve attitudes and acquire knowledge. In addition, it enabled participants to gain confidence and security in the group context, as key aspects of their empowerment. Conclusion: This review shows the usefulness of action research in any mental health nursing context, contributing to the improvement of care at both the individual and collective levels. Impact: This paper demonstrates the use of the action research method in the field of mental health nursing. Its use has improved the clinical practice of nurses as well as that of teams in both community and hospital settings, addressing issues of the person-centred approach to care and decision-making procedures.

The aim of this study was to validate gay and lesbian health agendas pushed by organizations representing these groups. To this end, we created a health agenda matrix based on 25 narratives of representatives from 16 different gay and lesbian groups in ten state capitals in Brazil collected in another study. Each agenda was considered to have reached consensus when the mean score was equal to or greater than seven and SD was equal to or less than two. The validated agendas addressed the following themes: physical and psychological violence; the care needs of lesbians related to uterine and breast cancer; mental health; training of health care professionals; AIDS prevention and care; assisted reproduction for lesbians; the urological and proctological care needs of gays; development of informative material on general health; and information and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases. It is concluded that gay and lesbian movements are potentially important actors in the public health arena, not only proposing important issues that need to be considered in public policies and actions to improve health care for LGBT people, but also mediating between health professionals and homosexuals seeking health services.O estudo objetivou validar agendas reivindicadas por representantes de grupos homossexuais voltadas para a atenção integral à saúde de gays e lésbicas. Para isso, foi elaborada uma matriz de agendas de saúde baseada na consulta a acervo de outro estudo, composto por 25 narrativas de representantes de 16 grupos de dez capitais brasileiras. As agendas foram consideradas validadas a partir da média de pontuações igual ou superior a sete e desvio padrão igual ou inferior a dois. As agendas validadas se relacionaram às seguintes temáticas: violência física ou psicológica; atenção às lésbicas relacionada aos cânceres de útero e mama; saúde mental; capacitação de profissionais de saúde; prevenção e atenção voltadas para a Aids; reprodução assistida para lésbicas; atenção a gays relacionada ao atendimento urológico e proctológico; desenvolvimento de materiais informativos sobre a saúde em geral; e informação e tratamento das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Conclui-se que os movimentos de gays e lésbicas podem ser atores importantes no âmbito da saúde coletiva, não só indicando pautas a serem consideradas nas políticas e nos planejamentos voltados para a saúde de seus integrantes, podem também ser mediadores entre os profissionais de saúde e os homossexuais que buscam os cuidados desses profissionais.

In this paper, a numerical methodology based on a two-and-a-half-dimensional (2.5D) singular boundary method (SBM) to deal with acoustic radiation and scattering problems in the context of longitudinally invariant structures is proposed and studied. In the proposed 2.5D SBM, the desingularisation provided by the subtracting and adding-back technique is used to determine the origin intensity factors (OIFs). These OIFs are derived by means of the OIFs of the Laplace equation. The feasibility, validity and accuracy of the proposed method are demonstrated for three acoustic benchmark problems, in which detailed comparisons with analytical solutions, the 2.5D boundary element method (BEM) and the 2.5D method of fundamental solutions (MFS) are performed. As a novelty of the present study, it is found that the 2.5D SBM provides a higher numerical accuracy than the 2.5D linear-element BEM and lower than the 2.5D quadratic-element BEM. Although the results obtained depict that a nodal approximation of the boundary geometry leads to a significant reduction in the accuracy of the 2.5D SBM, the delivered errors are still acceptable. For complex geometries, the 2.5D SBM is found to be simpler and more robust than the 2.5D MFS, since no optimization procedure is required.

A bíblia hebraica apresenta uma grande polissemia quando se trata de palavras que recebem maior destaque. Este é o caso do vocábulo «irmão», que aparece em primeiro lugar na sua acepção de «filho do mesmo pai e/ou da mesma mãe», também pode conter as realidades dos que «são parentes próximos, companheiros, amigos, da mesma raça ou nação e até como sinal de respeito e cordialidade devida àqueles a quem é devido respeito». Quanto à palavra «irmã», ainda que tenha um espectro mais reduzido, também vai além da conotação estrita. A bíblia grega, chamada dos LXX, mostra a diversidade de compreensão ao tentar elucidar alguns textos onde «irmão» poderia ser mal-entendido. Em todo caso, «irmão» tem a ver com «fraternidade, irmandade», seja através de laços sanguíneos ou não. O que se percebe claramente é, em nenhum dos textos estudados, o vocábulo «irmão», na bíblia hebraica, tem uma acepção que não seja clara, ou seja, ele não foi utilizado por falta de outro mais apropriado, e sim porque seu espectro linguístico comporta aquelas acepções.

The eponym Marjolin’s ulcer is used to describe the malignant transformation of any skin ulcer or scar. A 35-year-old white woman sustained a thermal bum injury over her lower half of the body when she was 8 years old. After 16 years of the event and over 9 years, metaehronous skin ulcers, pseudocarcinomatous hyperplasia and well differentiated squamous cell carcinomas occured, mainly on both lower limbs. The clinical history, histologic aspects, histogenesis, follow-up data and therapeutic considerations are discussed along with a review of the relevant literature. O epônimo úlcera de Marjolin refere-se à transformação maligna de qualquer úlcera ou cicatriz da pele. Relata-se o caso de uma mulher, branca, de 35 anos de idade, que sofreu queimadura térmica na metade inferior do seu corpo quando estava com 8 anos de idade. Após 16 anos, e ao longo de 9 anos, apareceram em forma metácrona na pele de ambas as coxas, úlceras, lesões de hiperplasia pseudocarcinomatosa e carcinomas epidermóides. Discute-se a história clínica, a histopatologia e histogênese, o comportamento biológico, assim como o tratamento. A literatura mais relevante foi revisada.

La asistencia sexual, entendida desde un enfoque de derechos humanos, se constituye como la herramienta para que aquellas personas que se encuentran en situación de discapacidad puedan acceder a su propio cuerpo y desarrollar así su sexualidad. Dicha figura está envuelta en una gran polémica, por lo que en este artículo se aborda una de sus cuestiones más controvertidas: su reconocimiento jurídico y soporte económico. En las siguientes páginas se incluye un estudio de tipo cualitativo a través de documentos escritos y entrevistas a aquellas personas vinculadas directamente con la temática (asistentes sexuales y personas que reciben este apoyo), junto con los testimonios de dos expertos en esta materia. En tanto que se trata de una figura emergente y poco conocida hasta el momento, se expone la diversidad de paradigmas que giran en torno a la misma y la necesidad de visibilizar el ejercicio libre del derecho a vivir una sexualidad libre y plena.

Energy communities represent a new energy management model for the use of local energy resources, in which different social actors participate in search of energy, environmental, social and economic benefits. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of concise guidelines in the literature dealing with the more technical aspects of energy communities. The aim of this article is presenting a methodology to support the design of new energy communities based on energetic, economic and environmental conditions in order to analyse their technical and economic viability. The methodology is supported by Homer Grid modelling software for simulating and optimising possible energy scenarios. This is better suited to energy communities connected to the grid, with renewable energy generation assets from local resources and with an equitable distribution of benefits for all members. The methodology has been applied to a case study in the village of Vinalesa, sizing the community's generation assets as well as the electricity tariff. Their implementation in the case study results in an installation of 870 kW of photovoltaic energy and capacity storage of 1.08 MWh in Lithium-Ion batteries that allows the residents of Vinalesa have additional savings of around 16.4% in their electricity bill.

ZusammenfassungDer Übergang in die Elternschaft markiert für viele Elternpaare den Übergang in geschlechterspezifische Erwerbsarrangements, oft unabhängig von der gelebten vorgeburtlichen Arbeitsteilung. Dabei können die Entscheidungen über die Erwerbsarrangements nach der Geburt des ersten Kindes richtungsgebend für die zukünftigen Erwerbsverläufe und Alterssicherung sein. Vor diesem Hintergrund fokussiert der Beitrag auf zwei Fragen: erstens, ob sich gerade für jüngere Elternpaare der in den 1980er-Jahren Geborenen eine Konvergenz in den Erwerbsverläufen nach dem Übergang in die Elternschaft im Vergleich zu den in den 1970er-Jahren geborenen Elternpaaren zeigt und zweitens, ob die Arbeitsteilung vor dem Übergang in die Elternschaft eine zunehmende Rolle für die Erwerbskonstellationen danach spielt. Unter Verwendung der Daten des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) werden anhand sequenz-, cluster- und regressionsanalytischer Verfahren Erwerbsverläufe von 900 Paaren über 36 Monate nach dem Übergang in die Elternschaft analysiert. Für die Kohorte der in den 1980er-Jahren Geborenen setzt sich die Bedeutungsabnahme traditioneller Erwerbsarrangements fort. Zudem gibt es immer mehr Elternpaare, in denen beide Elternteile relativ schnell nach der Geburt eines Kindes in die Erwerbstätigkeit zurückkehren. Kaum zu beobachten ist, dass Väter ihre Erwerbstätigkeit zunehmend zugunsten einer stärkeren Einbindung in Haushalts- oder Familientätigkeiten einschränken. Hingegen scheinen die Konvergenzen in den Erwerbsverläufen zwischen Müttern und Vätern vielmehr ein Resultat zunehmender Erwerbsdiskontinuitäten zu sein. Darüber hinaus hat die vorgeburtliche Arbeitsteilung auch für die jüngeren Elternpaare einen eher geringen Einfluss auf ihre nachgeburtlichen Erwerbskonstellationen. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass der Abbau von geschlechterspezifischen Ungleichheiten am Arbeitsmarkt verstärkt voranzutreiben ist, damit weitere Anreize für die gleichmäßigere Erwerbsaufteilung im Paarkontext entstehen können.

Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender as potencialidades da utilização de simulações computacionais, descrevendo características apontadas a partir da análise de produções científicas que despertem o interesse do aluno e facilite o processo de aprendizagem no ensino de Física. Para tanto, foi utilizada uma metodologia fundamentada em uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura (RSL), com abordagem qualitativa descritiva, a partir da leitura e consultas em artigos, dissertações e trabalhos publicados em anais de congressos. A coleta de dados foi realizada através do Portal Periódicos da CAPES e Google Acadêmico. O período de busca foi de 2015 a 2021. Para filtrar as pesquisas, foram utilizadas palavras-chave como: “Simulações computacionais - Ensino de Física” (145); “ Simulações computacionais “PhET - Ensino de Física” (05) e “Tinkercad - Ensino de Física” (47). Foi possível identificar 197 trabalhos iniciais, somente 19 representaram uma amostra significativa, porém apenas 10 publicações objetivaram mapear as intenções pedagógicas da pesquisa com trabalhos publicados dos últimos cinco anos. Conclui-se que as simulações virtuais podem ser uma alternativa para respeitar o ritmo de aprendizagem dos alunos, permitindo que estes consigam um feedback rápido e que possam avançar no processo de aprendizagem de acordo com o desenvolvimento das suas competências e habilidades.

Purpose Identifying negative attitudes toward mental illness among students on nursing undergraduate degrees can help to design teaching strategies able to reduce the stigma attached to this condition. This study aims to assess attitudes toward mental health and intentions regarding future behavior in university nursing students initiating their training in the treatment of mental health problems (MHPs). Design/methodology/approach A descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study was designed. A sample of 162 nursing students completed scales to assess their attitudes toward mental health, stigma, predicted behavior and social desirability. Simple and a multiple linear regression was performed adjusted for the social desirability scale result. Findings Nursing students with previous experience of MHPs presented positive attitudes and behavioral intentions toward mental illness. Those who had no such experience before their training in mental health nursing presented certain stigmatizing attitudes. Attitudes toward MHPs may be affected by stigma and also by social desirability bias. The training in mental health care given to nursing students should aim to reduce its influence to help them carry out their future duties efficiently and compassionately. Originality/value This study demonstrates the relevance of university teaching plans, which should place special emphasis on promoting knowledge and developing skills and attitudes in nursing students undergoing training in mental health care to ensure optimal levels of performance in their future careers.

This document contain the material and methods corresponding to the research letter of the article titled:IDENTIFICATION OF MYOSIN LIGHT CHAIN PROTEIN AS A MAJOR FISH ALLERGEN. In this article we studythe allergens involved in the sensitization of fish allergy population from the South of Europe, using Sea bream as a model and its relationship with the clinical symptoms suffered by these patients.

Este artigo traz um exemplo do controle Proporcional e Integral (PI) usado nos conversores estaticos em malha fechada. E apresentado um comparativo entre o controle classico em relacao ao controle digital, usando a logica difusa. Por simulacao foi implementado o filtro de saida tipico de um conversor full bridge. Nesta estrutura foram aplicados os dois tipos de controle. A modelagem da estrutura e feita pelo metodo de espaco de estados. Com o resultado da modelagem encontra-se a funcao de transferencia da planta. O controle PI sera aplicado para manter a tensao de saida dentro das especificacoes do projeto, mesmo que haja alguma alteracao da fonte de alimentacao na entrada ou na carga conectada na saida. Como resultado sao apresentadas as formas de onda da tensao de saida de cada um dos controles, avaliando o quanto cada controle e capaz de estabilizar a tensao de saida. Por fim, e realizado o comparativo identificando qual dos controles obteve o menor sobressinal durante o transitorio e qual estabilizou o sinal em regime permanente em menos tempo.

The Guyana-Suriname-Western Demerara (G-S-WD) continental margins are located at the junction of the Central Atlantic and proto-Caribbean oceanic basins as they developed in the Jurassic. The emplacement of the later Caribbean subduction partly destroyed the Jurassic record of the proto-Caribbean basin which implies that the Jurassic kinematics of this region are still debated. However, the G-S-WD margins escaped from subduction and preserve most of the Jurassic record. We investigate the architecture of the G-S-WD margins and the distribution of Jurassic oceanic crust. This allows us to determine the margins tectonic styles and gain insights into the Jurassic regional plate kinematics during the southward propagation of the Central Atlantic, the opening of the proto-Caribbean basin and its link with the development of the Gulf of Mexico (GoM).We use 3D gravity inversion to map Moho depth, crustal basement thickness and continental lithosphere thinning factor. Input data for the gravity inversion is sediment thickness from seismic reflection grids, satellite free-air gravity data and digital bathymetry. From the resulting 3D Moho depth volume we produce margin crustal cross-sections to determine the structure and architecture of the G-S-WD margins. The Guyana segment shows a transform architecture, the Suriname segment a rift-transform architecture and the Western Demerara segment a magma-rich rifted margin with SDRs up to 20 km thick.We also use crustal thickness mapping from gravity inversion together with regional magnetic anomaly superimposed satellite gravity anomaly data to determine the extent of Jurassic oceanic crust and delineate its boundary with Cretaceous Equatorial Atlantic oceanic crust. The boundary between Jurassic and Cretaceous oceanic crust is identified as running from the NW corner of the Demerara Plateau to Barbados. This boundary has the same orientation as the Guyana transform margin.Plate reconstructions of crustal thickness from gravity inversion have been used to examine the relationship between the Jurassic opening of the Central Atlantic, the development and opening of the GoM and the formation of the Jurassic crust offshore G-S-WD.A new plate reconstruction of the opening of the GoM based on transform fault small circles observed in satellite free-air gravity data shows that before the rotational opening of GoM at ~165 Ma, the early GoM and oceanic crust offshore G-S-WD formed a co-linear linked rift/sea-floor spreading system offset by a sinistral transform to the west of Florida.

The geometry and evolution of extensional faults with large offsets during rifting leading to continental breakup is hotly debated. We examine, using flexural isostatic modelling, extensional fault geometry evolution within the hyperextended domain and the transition to exhumed mantle during magma-poor rifted margin formation. Flexural response modelling is used to predict the isostatic rotation and bending of the active fault plane and also the geometries of earlier faults within footwall and hanging-wall. Faults are assumed to have an initial steep dip of 60 at the surface. In the case of progressive in-sequence faulting, we show that sub-horizontal reflectors imaged on seismic reflection data, often interpreted as seismically active low angle faults, can be generated by the flexural isostatic rotation of faults with initially high angle geometry; modelling results show that there is no requirement for sub-horizontal active faulting. With increase in fault extension, flexural isostatic rotation results in the decrease in fault dip at the point of footwall emergence (i.e. the rolling hinge effect). The emergence angle decreases to asymptotic values of ~ 30 , the precise value depending on Te and whether the initial fault geometry is listric or planar. Shallow emergent fault angles result in fault locking and the development of new high-angle short-cut fault segments within the hanging-wall. This results in the transfer and isostatic rotation of triangular pieces of hanging-wall onto exhumed fault footwall, forming extensional allochthons which our modelling predicts are typically limited to a few km in lateral extent and thickness. Our modelling results show that a sequence of extensional listric or planar faults with identical parameters (i.e. location, heave, surface dip, Te) produce very similar sea-bed bathymetric relief. This indicates that sea-bed relief cannot be used to distinguish listric from planar fault geometry. Listric and planar fault geometries do however produce distinct Moho and allochthon shapes. Extensional faulting and thinning of hyper-extended continental crust may eventually lead to mantle exhumation. Where extensional faulting is in-sequence, this results in a smooth bathymetric transition from thinned continental crust to exhumed mantle. In contrast out-of- sequence faulting results in a transition to exhumed mantle with bathymetric relief. We illustrate these model predictions with examples from seismic reflection data.

(1) Background: Frailty assessment allows identification of patients at risk of death, and is a challenge in the emergency department or its support wards. The aim is to study Frail-VIG Index (FI-VIG) ability to discriminate frailty groups of older adults and its correlation with mortality in an short-stay unit; (2) Methods: observational, single-center, prospective study consecutively included patients over 65 years old admitted to the unit between March 1, 2021-April 30, 2021. (3) Results: 302 patients were included (56% women); mean age 82.6±7.7 years; 39.1% of them had functional disability and 16.5% had dementia. Of them, 174 patients (58%) met frailty criteria (FI-VIG ≥0.2; 111 (63.8%) mild frailty (FI-VIG 0.2 - 0.36); 52 (29.9%) moderate frailty (FI-VIG 0.36 - 0.55) and 11 (6.3%) advanced frailty (FI-VIG >0.55). Mortality at one year was analyzed: no frailty (n=16; 12.5%); mild frailty (n=25;22.5%); moderate (n=22;42.3%); advanced (n=7;63.6%), showing significant differences between groups (p

Food biodiversity is essential for improving nutrition and reducing hunger in populations worldwide. However, in middle and low-income countries, the biodiversity of food production does not necessarily represent food consumption patterns by population. We used Brazil, one of the world's megabiodiverse countries, as a case study to investigate the following questions: what is the prevalence of consumption of biodiverse foods in Brazil, and what are the socioeconomic factors that influence their consumption throughout the country? We used data from a Brazilian representative national dietary survey to estimate the frequency of food consumption of unconventional food plants, edible mushrooms, and wild meat, in according to socioeconomic variables. Thus, we investigated the socioeconomic predictors of Unconventional Food Plants consumption using methods of Machine Learning (ML) and multiple zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) regression. We showed that biodiverse food consumption in Brazil is low, just related by 1.3% of the population, varying in according to area, ethnicity, age, food insecurity, sex, and educational level. Our findings of low utilization of biodiversity suggest an important mismatch between the rich biodiversity of the country and its representation in the human diet.

Introduction: Surveys and case reports have documented kratom use in the United States (US) for over a decade. However, those reports have generally not examined in depth the role kratom plays in the lives of those who use it regularly for sustained periods. Until there are controlled studies of the pharmacology and subjective effects of kratom alkaloids in humans, one of the best sources of insight on kratom-product use remains qualitative data with nuanced descriptions of kratom effects from those who use it regularly.Method: We conducted semistructured qualitative interviews with adults who regularly use kratom products, as part of a laboratory study of kratom-product self-administration. This qualitative component of the study was conducted as a narrative case-report series (n = 10).Results: Despite some differences among participants, all experienced acute combination effects that were largely, even simultaneously, analgesic and stimulatory. Most participants had decreased their dosages over time, and one planned to quit. Five of the 10 participants met DSM-5-based criteria for kratom-use disorder (3 mild, 1 moderate, 1 severe, by symptoms counts). When kratom was inadvertently taken in larger than intended doses, participants described a constellation of symptoms that they called “the wobbles” (a jittery feeling accompanied by what seemed to be nystagmus); this was rare, but could be of scientific and clinical interest as a possible manifestation of serotonin syndrome. Most participants described tolerance but considered kratom generally safe at low-moderate doses, providing perceived benefits with less potential risk for adverse effects compared to pharmaceuticals or illicit drugs.Discussion: In-depth interview data like these help confirm and clarify findings from larger survey studies and clinician-driven case reports. They are needed to inform the policy practice regarding kratom and may also help inform future experimental designs.