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An organocatalytic protocol for the syntheses of 2-substituted benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles is described from alkyl-/arylanilides and alkyl-/arylthioanilides using 1-iodo-4-nitrobenzene as catalyst and oxone as an inexpensive and environmentally safe terminal oxidant at room temperature in air via oxidative C-H functionalization and C-O/S bond formation. The procedure is simple and general and provides an effective route for the construction of functionalized 2-alkyl-/arylbenzoxazoles and 2-alkyl-/arylbenzothiazoles with moderate to high yields. The synthetic and mechanistic aspects have been described.

An efficient Cu-catalyzed chemo- and regioselective ortho-nitration of N,1-diaryl-5-aminotetrazoles and N,4-diaryl-3-amino-1,2,4-triazoles have been described with good functional group compatibility. The procedure features the use of operationally simple protocol utilizing the commercially available less toxic CuCl2·2H2O as catalyst and Fe(NO3)3·9H2O as nitration source at room temperature. Removal of the 5-aminotetrazole directing group has been demonstrated using base hydrolysis to afford substituted 2-nitroanilines.

An organocatalytic protocol for the syntheses of 2-substituted benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles is described from alkyl-/arylanilides and alkyl-/arylthioanilides using 1-iodo-4-nitrobenzene as catalyst and oxone as an inexpensive and environmentally safe terminal oxidant at room temperature in air via oxidative C–H functionalization and C–O/S bond formation. The procedure is simple and general and provides an effective route for the construction of functionalized 2-alkyl-/arylbenzoxazoles and 2-alkyl-/arylbenzothiazoles with moderate to high yields. The synthetic and mechanistic aspects have been described.

A Pd(II)-catalyzed ortho-selective halogenation of N-aryl ring of N,1-diaryl-1H-tetrazol-5-amine has been described employing N-halosuccinimide as a halogen source via C-H bond activation. The present work features 5-aminotetrazole, as a directing group, for the chemo- and regioselective C-H halogenation of arenes. The kinetic isotope study (kH/kD = 2.9) suggests that the cleavage of the C-H bond takes place in the rate-determining step. The scope and mechanism of the protocol have been demonstrated.

The oxidative C–H amination of N″-aryl-N′-tosyl/N′-methylsulfonylamidines and N,N′-bis(aryl)amidines has been accomplished using iodobenzene as a catalyst to furnish 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles in the presence of mCPBA as a terminal oxidant at room temperature. The reaction is general, and the target products can be obtained in moderate to high yields.

The oxidative C–H amination of N″-aryl-N′-tosyl/N′-methylsulfonylamidines and N,N′-bis(aryl)amidines has been accomplished using iodobenzene as a catalyst to furnish 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles in the presence of mCPBA as a terminal oxidant at room temperature. The reaction is general, and the target products can be obtained in moderate to high yields.

An efficient Cu-catalyzed chemo- and regioselective ortho-nitration of N,1-diaryl-5-aminotetrazoles and N,4-diaryl-3-amino-1,2,4-triazoles have been described with good functional group compatibility. The procedure features the use of operationally simple protocol utilizing the commercially available less toxic CuCl2·2H2O as catalyst and Fe(NO3)3·9H2O as nitration source at room temperature. Removal of the 5-aminotetrazole directing group has been demonstrated using base hydrolysis to afford substituted 2-nitroanilines.