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Artykuł stanowi głos w sporze historiograficznym na temat przynależności metropolitalnej diecezji łuckiej w okresie nowożytnym. Odwołując się do świadectw źródłowych z późnego średniowiecza oraz okresu nowożytnego, wskazuje na korzenie złożonej sytuacji formalno-prawnej diecezji łuckiej. Za rozstrzygające uznaje różne źródła uprawnień arcybiskupów gnieźnieńskich względem diecezji łuckiej. Od XV wieku, kiedy ukształtował się urząd prymasa, arcybiskupi gnieźnieńscy uzyskali jurysdykcję także nad metropolią lwowską. Od tego momentu dość trudno określić, jakie uprawnienia względem sufraganii lwowskich wykonywał arcybiskup gnieźnieński z racji pełnienia urzędu prymasa, a które mogły wynikać ze zwierzchności metropolitalnej. To zespolenie kompetencji obrazuje dobrze uznanie synodów prowincjonalnych gnieźnieńskich za synody prymasowskie i krajowe, których dekrety obowiązywały w obu metropoliach: gnieźnieńskiej i lwowskiej. Także procedury sądowe od początku XVI wieku dawały prymasowi prawo wysłuchiwania spraw sufraganów diecezji w pierwszej instancji. Autor w konkluzji stwierdza, że wobec braku dokumentu papieskiego, który przenosi diecezję łucką do metropolii gnieźnieńskiej, przez cały okres nowożytny pozostawała ona sufraganią lwowską.

The aim of the paper is to propose a data model for editing historical records using the example of Karol Perthées’ works from the late 18th century. These consist of cartographic sketches, elaborated on the basis of parochial questionnaires and the maps of palatinates of the Crown, which are at a scale of 1:225,000. The model links the advantages of direct source data representation with scalability and flexibility features, which provide analytical possibilities. The sketches are indexed using the INDXR application and the structure of the model reflects the structure of the source. The maps were analyzed in a GIS environment, but no georeferencing was performed. The data collected separately as symbols and annotations were treated independently and were linked via features. The model is illustrated by a preliminary study of materials covering the area of the Zemborzyce parish near Lublin.

IntroductionThis study aimed to identify the characteristics of Campylobacter isolated from wild birds (Black-headed gulls Chroicocephalus ridibundus and Great tits Parus major) and collect surface water samples (from rivers, ponds, ornamental lakes, freshwater beaches). Research material included 33 Campylobacter isolates. All the strains were isolated by different monitoring and surveillance plans.MethodsThe prevalence of selected genes (flaA, cadF, iam, cdtB, wlaN, sodB, tet0) encoding virulence factors and resistance among Campylobacter spp. was assessed by the PCR method. The genetic similarities of isolates were determined by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). The susceptibility of Campylobacter isolates to clinically important antimicrobials: erythromycin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin, previously assessed by E-test, was presented in the form of drug susceptibility profiles depending on the origin of the isolates.ResultsThe cadF, flaA, cdtB, and sodB genes exhibited the highest detection rate. Statistically significant differences between the presence of wlaN virulence genes were noted among different species of the isolates. No genetically identical isolates were found. The most numerous antibiotic susceptibility profile included strains susceptible to all antibiotics studied (profile A-33.3%). The second most common were the tetracycline - and ciprofloxacin-resistant (profile B-27.2%), and tetracycline-resistant profile (C-24.2%) respectively.DiscussionThe study revealed the virulent properties of Campylobacter isolated from water samples, and wild birds, and high resistance rates to tetracycline, and fluoroquinolones. The lack of genetic relatedness among strains isolated from water, and birds may indicate other sources of surface water contamination with Campylobacter bacteria than birds. The presence of Campylobacter spp. in wild birds could also have other environmental origins.

This study aimed to identify the characteristics of Campylobacter isolated from wild birds (Black-headed gulls Chroicocephalus ridibundus and Great tits Parus major) and collect surface water samples (from rivers, ponds, ornamental lakes, freshwater beaches). Research material included 33 Campylobacter isolates. All the strains were isolated by different monitoring and surveillance plans.The prevalence of selected genes (flaA, cadF, iam, cdtB, wlaN, sodB, tet0) encoding virulence factors and resistance among Campylobacter spp. was assessed by the PCR method. The genetic similarities of isolates were determined by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). The susceptibility of Campylobacter isolates to clinically important antimicrobials: erythromycin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin, previously assessed by E-test, was presented in the form of drug susceptibility profiles depending on the origin of the isolates.The cadF, flaA, cdtB, and sodB genes exhibited the highest detection rate. Statistically significant differences between the presence of wlaN virulence genes were noted among different species of the isolates. No genetically identical isolates were found. The most numerous antibiotic susceptibility profile included strains susceptible to all antibiotics studied (profile A-33.3%). The second most common were the tetracycline - and ciprofloxacin-resistant (profile B-27.2%), and tetracycline-resistant profile (C-24.2%) respectively.The study revealed the virulent properties of Campylobacter isolated from water samples, and wild birds, and high resistance rates to tetracycline, and fluoroquinolones. The lack of genetic relatedness among strains isolated from water, and birds may indicate other sources of surface water contamination with Campylobacter bacteria than birds. The presence of Campylobacter spp. in wild birds could also have other environmental origins.

The paper discusses the problem of diachronic criteria of identity for historic localities. We argue that such criteria are needed not just for the sake of ontological clarity but also are indispensable for database management and maintenance. Our survey of the current research in database management and engineering ontology literature found no satisfactory candidates thereof. Therefore we attempt to search for such criteria in the historic-geographical scholarship by exposing the ontological assumptions the researchers made there and by stating them explicitly. This attempt consisted of us presenting a number of brief scenarios taken from the historical studies whereby localities are claimed to maintain their identity through certain types of change or to be destroyed due to other types of change. Generalising these cases we provide a tentative formulation of the criterion and discuss its limitations.

This article presents the biography of Saint Zygmunt Szczęsny Feliński (1822–1895), which is the basis for the exhibition in the museum dedicated to the memory of this outstanding nineteenth-century figure of the Polish Church. The cognitive and educational potential of Archbishop Feliński's life is emphasised in the narrative layer of the exhibition by means of modern multimedia solutions. The museum uses various forms of visual message, aimed both at viewers who prefer traditional exhibition solutions, as well as those with high skill levels and technological expectations. The Museum of St Zygmunt Feliński plays an important role in the historical education process and popularises the biography of the archbishop as a role model for life and action. By spreading the cult of the saint, it also meets the religious needs of visitors through contact with the material and spiritual heritage of the exhibition’s protagonist.

Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element that plays a key role in several biological processes, including transcription, signaling, and catalysis. A subcellular network of transporters ensures adequate distribution of Zn to facilitate homeostasis. Among these are a family of importers, the Zrt/Irt-like proteins (ZIP), which consists of 14 members (ZIP1-ZIP14) that mobilize Zn from the extracellular domain and organelles into the cytosol. Expression of these transporters varies among tissues and during developmental stages, and their distribution at various cellular locations is essential for defining the net cellular Zn transport. Normally, the ion is bound to proteins or sequestered in organelles and vesicles. However, though research has focused on Zn internalization in mammalian cells, little is known about Zn mobilization within organelles, including within the nuclei under both normal and pathological conditions. Analyses from stomach and colon tissues isolated from mouse suggested that ZIP11 is the only ZIP transporter localized to the nucleus of mammalian cells, yet no clear cellular role has been attributed to this protein. We hypothesized that ZIP11 is essential to maintaining nuclear Zn homeostasis in mammalian cells. To test this, we utilized HeLa cells, as research in humans correlated elevated expression of ZIP11 with poor prognosis in cervical cancer patients. We stably knocked down ZIP11 in HeLa cancer cells and investigated the effect of Zn dysregulation in vitro. Our data show that ZIP11 knockdown (KD) reduced HeLa cells proliferation due to nuclear accumulation of Zn. RNA-seq analyses revealed that genes related to angiogenesis, apoptosis, mRNA metabolism, and signaling pathways are dysregulated. Although the KD cells undergoing nuclear Zn stress can activate the homeostasis response by MTF1 and MT1, the RNA-seq analyses showed that only ZIP14 (an importer expressed on the plasma membrane and endocytic vesicles) is mildly induced, which may explain the sensitivity to elevated levels of extracellular Zn. Consequently, ZIP11 KD HeLa cells have impaired migration, invasive properties and decreased mitochondrial potential. Furthermore, KD of ZIP11 delayed cell cycle progression and rendered an enhanced senescent state in HeLa cells, pointing to a novel mechanism whereby maintenance of nuclear Zn homeostasis is essential for cancer progression.

The major aim of the present article is to assess the credibility and provide criticism of the source value of the first account on the state of the Chełm diocese from 1594 in reference to the organizational state of the diocese at the end of the 16th century, which was before the fire of the archives of the Episcopal curia in Krasnystaw (7 April, 1597), when most of the documents and books burnt down. The account analyzed in the present text is one of the oldest preserved reports sent by the Polish bishops to the Apostolic See after the Council of Trent. The criticism of the Chełm account from 1594 is preceded by an introduction referring to the research tradition and the editorial tradition related to this category of sources. The circumstances and the historical context concerning the account are presented. The evaluation of the reliability of the information passed to the Apostolic See by the representative of bishop Stanisław Gomoliński was conducted by means of the comparative analysis referring to the content of the account together with the information on the state and organization of the Chełm diocese which comes from other sources and scientific studies. The author of the account pointed to a number of difficulties in the functioning of his diocese in the area where the Orthodox Church prevailed and the network of Latin churches, additionally weakened by the Reformation, did not make up a regular and compact territorial structure. This caused a lot of problems in the material protection of the benefices and in pastoral services (a lack of clergymen, accumulation of benefices, disregarding the duty of residence). The account from 1594, as compared to later reports, has the character of a letter (“stylus epistolaris”), and not a form. It is short and fairly general. Its informative value, especially when we analyze particular problems or particular issues, is only supplementary. It can present greater value while studying the bishop’s relation to his diocese and the way of managing it. It is worth looking at this source in the comparative context – especially through the prism of the accounts presented by the same bishop from various dioceses which were under his management during his pastoral career. This will enable criticism of this source and the answer to the question about the extent to which the accounts were the personal work of a given bishop or the work of the Episcopal curia circles and to what extent the traditions of the bishopric.

The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne,” vol. 61 (2013), issue 2. The article addresses the question of the fall of the Latin parish in Chorupnik that belonged to the former diocese of Chełm. The parish church in Chorupnik was taken over by Protestants in the second half of the 16th century. Unsuccessful attempts at recovering its property were made by incorporating it into the neighbouring parish in Gorzków. The actions taken by the Gorzków parish priest and the bishop together with his chapter failed, too. A detailed study of such attempts to recover the property of one of the parishes that ceased to exist during the Reformation falls within the context of the relations between the nobility and the clergy in the period of Counter-Reformation. Studying the social, legal and economic relations in a local dimension is important for understanding the mechanisms of the mass transition of the nobility to reformed denominations, and then of their return to the Catholic Church.

Of fundamental importance for the functioning of a community is the flow of energy and elements through its components. However, the question of how (if at all) the edge effect of habitats can drive elemental traits of organisms has hitherto been largely neglected issue in ecosystem ecology at the community level. We quantified the abundance of invertebrates and measured the elemental composition (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, As, Cd, Co and Pb) of 15 different organisms within the plant-invertebrate food web (plant – oilseed rape pests/herbivores – pollinators = wild bees – saprovores – predators – parasitoids) sampled in 34 fields of a key bioenergy crop that is an exceptionally strong biodiversity driver, the oilseed rape. Then these were related to the individual field edge habitat features (including typically anthropogenic ones like dirt and tarred roads) measured within a 100 m radius around the invertebrate sampling sites. Our study showed that elemental traits of the plant-invertebrate food web components in oilseed rape crops varied owing to the habitat specificity determined at the relatively small spatial scale of an individual field, and that the elemental traits of these organisms differed from both an inter- and an intra-guild perspective. The major mechanistic explanation for most of these relationships seems to derive from the secondary gut content effect. Determining one single state for the homeostatic/stoichiometric regulation of chemical elements in invertebrates based on the application of whole-body metal concentrations is in principle impossible, because of the unknown noise caused by the inclusion of extracellular portions of metals in the analysis. It is thus imperative to develop consistent principles for assessing elemental traits of organisms that are based on highly sensitive and high-throughput analytical methods for the ionomic profiling of microsamples at the organ, tissue, cellular or even sub-cellular levels.

We present a novel quantum algorithm for solving the unstructured search problem with one marked element. Our algorithm allows generating quantum circuits that use asymptotically fewer additional quantum gates than the famous Grover's algorithm and may be successfully executed on NISQ devices. We prove that our algorithm is optimal in the total number of elementary gates up to a multiplicative constant. As many NP-hard problems are not in fact unstructured, we also describe the \emph{partial uncompute} technique which exploits the oracle structure and allows a significant reduction in the number of elementary gates required to find the solution. Combining these results allows us to use asymptotically smaller number of elementary gates than the Grover's algorithm in various applications, keeping the number of queries to the oracle essentially the same. We show how the results can be applied to solve hard combinatorial problems, for example Unique k-SAT. Additionally, we show how to asymptotically reduce the number of elementary gates required to solve the unstructured search problem with multiple marked elements., Comment: 22 pages, 7 figures

Gathering information on library collections is of primary importance in research on the intellectual culture of past times. Studying the church book collections, including the parish ones, is especially significant as the basis of analyzing the intellectual state of the clergy environment in the period before the partitions. The canon of research frameworks includes the analyses of both selected individual book collections and larger resources within selected temporal and geographical spaces. An overall analysis of the subject still remains an open matter because of a lack of technical solutions which would allow a quantitative and qualitative analysis of abundant library resources. The problem is solved by a proposal of developing and making available the computer data base as a tool supporting the preparation of inventories and catalogues of the source material as well as making them accessible. Computer solutions also enable spatial visualization, which additionally enhances the effect of the new form of edition for library inventories.

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between dynapenia and metabolic risk factors in obese and nonobese older adults. Methods A total of 1453 men and women (age ≥70 years) from the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) Study were categorized as (1) nondynapenic/nonobese (NDYN-NO), (2) dynapenic/nonobese (DYN-NO), (3) nondynapenic/obese (NDYN-O), or (4) dynapenic/obese (DYN-O), based on muscle strength (Foundation for the National Institute of Health criteria) and body mass index. Dependent variables were blood lipids, fasting glucose, blood pressure, presence of at least 3 metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria, and other chronic conditions. Results A significantly higher likelihood of having abdominal obesity criteria in NDYN-NO compared with DYN-NO groups (55.6 vs 45.1%, P ≤ .01) was observed. Waist circumference also was significantly higher in obese groups (DYN-O = 114.0 ± 12.9 and NDYN-O = 111.2 ± 13.1) than in nonobese (NDYN-NO = 93.1 ± 10.7 and DYN-NO = 92.2 ± 11.2, P ≤ .01); and higher in NDYN-O compared with DYN-O ( P = .008). Additionally, NDYN-O demonstrated higher diastolic blood pressure compared with DYN-O (70.9 ± 10.1 vs 67.7 ± 9.7, P ≤ .001). No significant differences were found across dynapenia and obesity status for all other metabolic components ( P > .05). The odds of having MetS or its individual components were similar in obese and nonobese, combined or not with dynapenia (nonsignificant odds ratio [95% confidence interval]). Conclusion Nonobese dynapenic older adults had fewer metabolic disease risk factors than nonobese and nondynapenic older adults. Moreover, among obese older adults, dynapenia was associated with lower risk of meeting MetS criteria for waist circumference and diastolic blood pressure. Additionally, the presence of dynapenia did not increase cardiometabolic disease risk in either obese or nonobese older adults.

So far, only the results on 3 qubit spaces (both on superconducting and ion-trap realisations of quantum processors) have beaten the classical unstructured search in the expected number of oracle calls using optimal protocols in both settings. We present experimental results on running unstructured search in spaces defined by 4, 5 and 6 qubits on ion-trapped quantum processor. Our best circuits obtained respectively 66\%, 26\% and 6\% average probability of measuring the marked element. In the case of 4 and 5 qubit spaces we obtained fewer expected number of oracle calls required to find a marked element than any classical approach. Viability of the theoretical result by Grover at these qubit counts is, to authors' knowledge demonstrated experimentally for the first time. Also at 6 qubits, a circuit using a single oracle call returned a measured probability of success exceeding any possible classical approach. These results were achieved using a variety of unstructured search algorithms in conjunction with recent developments in reducing the number of entangling gates. The latter are currently considered to be a dominating source of errors in quantum computations. Some of these improvements have been made possible by using mid-circuit measurements. To our knowledge the latter feature is currently available only on the H0 quantum processor we run on., Comment: 10 pages, 14 figures

Background According to the 2018 ACC/AHA/HRS Bradycardia Clinical Practice Guidelines an effective treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can prevent the need to implant a pacemaker. The aim of the study was to create a prediction model of high risk of OSA in patients with bradycardia or conduction disorders during sleep and referred for pacemaker implantation. Methods and results The polysomnography was performed in 118 (20 female) high-cardiovascular risk patients; aged 60.1±11.7 years; body mass index (BMI) 32.65±7.1. Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) as an apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) ≥5 per hour was observed in 101 (85.6%) subjects including moderate SDB (AHI≥15) in 28 (27.7%) and severe SDB (AHI≥30) in 43 (42.6%) subjects. The risk of severe SDB increased with increasing BMI; if ≥30kg/m2 (AUC=0.725, sensitivity 81.4%, specificity 55.4%, p The ECG Holter was performed in 93 patients and revealed in 27 of them bradycardia and/or conduction disorders during sleep: episodes of bradycardia When age, sex, BMI and neck size were taken into consideration using multivariate modeling the BMI and sex if male were revealed as independent predictors of clinically significant SDB (AHI ≥15); (p=0.0001, AUC for model 0.820) (figure 1). Figure 1. Receiver-operating characteristic curve showed the best cut-off value of BMI >34,9 kg/m2 (sensitivity 72,73, specificity 78,12) to predict nocturnal bradycardia or conduction disorders in patients with sleep apnea and AHI index ≥15. Conclusions In patients who are being considered for a pacemaker implantation for bradycardia or conduction disorders during sleep, with BMI >30kg/m2 or the neck size over 43cm screening for sleep apnea syndrome is reasonable.

Amino acid ionic liquids and amino acid ionic liquid-supported Schiff bases, derivatives of salicylaldehyde or benzaldehyde and various amino acids ( l -valine, l -leucine, L-isoleucine, l -threonine, l -histidine, l -methionine and l -tryptophan) have been investigated by means of various spectroscopic techniques (NMR, UV–Vis, IR). Their physico-chemical properties (glass transition temperature (T g ), decomposition temperatures at 5% (T d 5% ) and 50% (T d 50% ) weight loss, specific rotation [α], miscibility) have been also determined and compared. The influence of the Schiff base formation and presence of the intramolecular hydrogen bond on spectral parameters, thermal stability, glass transition temperature of tetrabutylammonium salts of amino acids have been shown.

We present a family of 3-connected cubic planar Hamiltonian graphs with an exponential number of steps required by Thomason's algorithm. The base of the exponent is approximately $1.1812...$, which exceeds previous results in the area., Comment: 9 pages, 13 figures

W artykule poruszono problem rejestracji metrykalnej wiernych dekanatu kazimierskiegopoza wlaściwą, ze wzgledu na miejsce zamieszkania, parafią. Przyjeto hipoteze, iz o skali tego zjawiska mial decydowac przede wszystkim dystans, jaki dzielil poszczegolne miejscowości od najblizszego kościola. W badaniach wykorzystano szeroką baze źrodlową. W sumie przebadano metryki 13 z 15 parafii tworzących w XVIII wieku dekanat kazimierski i dodatkowo kilka parafii sąsiednich. W analizie zgromadzonego materialu posluzono sie m.in. narzedziami GIS. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują, iz skala zjawiska nie byla duza. W przypadku chrztow, mediana dla odsetka ochrzczonych poza rodzimą parafią wyniosla 3,1. Nie stwierdzono takze wyraźnej korelacji miedzy liczbą chrztow a odleglością. Na podstawie otrzymanych wynikow mozna wnioskowac, iz decydującą role w wyborze miejsca odprawiania sakramentow mial tzw. przymus parafialny. W celu uzyskania bardziej wiarygodnych ustalen celowe wydaje sie poszerzenie bazy źrodlowej o zapisy metrykalne kolejnych parafii Lubelszczyzny oraz uwzglednienie w analizie statystycznej wiekszej liczby zmiennych mogących miec wplyw na skale rejestracji poza rodzimą parafią.

Aerial insectivores through their insect diet can contribute to biotransfer of elements across habitats. We investigate the relationship between dietary composition as expressed by the contributions of six functional invertebrate prey groups (primarily of agriculturally subsidised invertebrates characteristic of agricultural areas in temperate regions of Europe) and concentrations of essential (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Co) and non-essential (As, Cd, Pb) elements of environmental concern in the faeces of nestlings of three species of avian aerial insectivores – Common Swift Apus apus , Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica and House Martin Delichon urbicum – which breed sympatrically and use apparently similar resources of flying insect prey. There were significant differences between the species for 7 of the 12 elements (Ca, Zn, Cu, Co, As, Pb, Cd); these differences were attributable to the variable dietary composition, even though the concentrations of the elements varied enormously between the faecal samples from the individual species. Partial correlation analysis between the biomass (expressed in mg dry weight) of the six functional prey groups and faecal concentrations of elements showed the highest number of significant relationships for toxic metals (As, Pb and Cd). The results of the General Regression Model explaining faecal element concentrations revealed the different explanatory power of the effects of PCA (of six functional prey groups) dietary scores. A significant fit of GRM was obtained for 7 elements (Na, Mg, Fe, Mn, As, Pb, Cd) for Barn Swallows, 2 elements (Cu, As) for House Martins and 1 element (Mn) for Common Swifts. Overall, the results confirmed our predictions that the biomass of consumed coprophilous taxa and insects from crop habitats was positively correlated with the faecal concentrations of toxic elements. Unexpectedly, however, the faecal samples (primarily those of Common Swifts) that contained many oil-seed rape insect pests had lower Ca, Pb and Cd levels and a higher As level. Our study implies that the cross-boundary transfer of contaminants, primarily non-essential elements, by aerially foraging birds through the considerable accumulation of their faeces has potential consequences for the local biogeochemical cycle and environmental quality.

At the end of the 20th century, in Latin America, Gabriel García Márquez created the Foundation of New Latin American Journalism (FNPI). Thanks to this, a few years later, it shows the growth of the media, especially magazines that published chronicles. One of the most important exponents is the Peruvian magazine Etiqueta Negra. This article details the situation of the contemporary Chronicle in Latin America and a critical analysis of Etiqueta Negra. A finales del siglo XX, en América Latina, Gabriel García Márquez fundó la Fundación de Nuevo Periodismo Iberoamericano (FNPI). Gracias a esta, unos años después, se logró el crecimiento de los medios, especialmente de las revistas que publican crónicas periodísticas. Uno de los exponentes más importantes de esta vertiente es la publicación peruana Etiqueta Negra. En el presente artículo se detalla la situación de la crónica contemporánea en América Latina y un análisis crítico de Etiqueta Negra.

Our aim is to study unanticipated cardiotoxicity associated with the use of anticancer targeted agents, a problem that remains poorly understood. Using diagnosis codes, we retrospectively identified patients with both hematologic malignancies (HM) and cardiovascular diseases (n = 820 patients). Cardiotoxicity was defined per published criteria. The targeted agents of interest included tyrosine kinase inhibitors, proteasome inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, and immunomodulatory agents. Patients found with cardiotoxicity (n = 29) were compared with 70 case-matched reference subjects. Median time from targeted therapy exposure to cardiotoxicity was 132 days. A higher percentage of patients had prior exposure to anthracyclines in study versus reference group (65.5 vs. 42.8%, P = 0.04), however, did not stay significant in multivariate analysis. Two variables were significant predictors, prior of DVT/PE and Karnofsky score of ≥ 80% (P ≤ 0.011). Only 2 study group patients died of cardiac causes. Most cardiotoxicity patients (23/29) had remained stable or improved, while 21 patients received further chemotherapy. OS was lower in the study group (P = 0.018) versus the reference group. In conclusion, a small number patients with HM experience unanticipated cardiotoxicity with low related mortality. Risk of cardiotoxicity was significantly associated with history of DVT/PE. Most patients do well, but despite that, their OS is significantly poorer.

In this paper, we tackle the problem of determining an identity of a locality evolving with time. Firstly, we discuss origins of this problem, namely how it arises in the everyday research practice of historical geographers. Secondly, we present two contexts of emergence of identities: identities embedded in sources and identities constructed in history. Finally, we discuss how such identities may be captured in information systems with the help of state-of-art technologies regarding ontological modeling and reasoning.

The paper discusses the application of System on Chip devices for processing Megapixel video streams. The domain of image processing using high resolution images is very demanding in the scope of calculating power and frequently exploits special processing hardware. The progress of integration technology brings about SoC which are capable of meeting such processing demands. Characteristics of FPGA and DSP based systems are assessed. A concise survey of chip solutions is presented and a pair of representative systems is chosen for comparison of their properties. The design of a smoke detection system is used for evaluating the advantages and drawbacks of using such SoC solutions. Almost identical image processing algorithms are implemented in the case of FPGA and DSP. Both solutions meet the image processing requirements and are suitable for real time processing. FPGA based solution is much faster as it uses pipelining for improving the utilisation of scarce memory resources.

Artykul w ukladzie chronologicznym przedstawia analize geograficzno-historyczną rozwoju struktur parafialnych w metropolii mohylewskiej w latach 1783–1918. Glowną podstawe źrodlową stanowią schematyzmy diecezjalne oraz spisy duchowienstwa. Zmiany sieci parafialnej zostaly ukazane w ramach jednostek administracyjnych wyzszego rzedu: dekanatow oraz diecezji (mohylewskiej, wilenskiej, zmudzkiej, lucko-zytomierskiej, kamienieckiej, minskiej, tyraspolskiej). Tekst podejmuje probe interpretacji tych zmian przez określenie ich przyczyn i okoliczności.

Stem/progenitor cell-based therapies offer novel treatment for many prevalent diseases. However, most physicians are not trained or introduced to cell therapy. We describe a model of a training program aimed at empowering physician–scientists with the knowledge and skills necessary for advancing the field of cardiovascular cell therapy. To date, five full-time scholars have completed this training program, obtained a full-time academic appointment in Cardiovascular Disease, and continue to actively contribute to the advancement of cell therapy applications. Another has returned to his parent institution to complete his PhD and several part-time scholars have continued in scholarly activities in other academic programs.

Structures of the main resonance and tautomeric forms of three Schiff bases of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde (1OXA), 5-bromosalicylaldehyde (2OXA) and 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde (3OXA) with 1,8-diamine-3,6-dioxaoctane, before and after protonation and complexation of monovalent metal cations, have been studied by FTIR, 1H, 13C and 15N NMR methods. The spectroscopic investigations provided clear evidence that the Schiff bases exist in acetonitrile solution as three different tautomers: 1OXA in enamine-oxo, 2OXA in imine-hydroxy and 3OXA in a low-barrier O···H···N imine-oxo forms. It was found on the basis of multinuclear NMR studies, that in solid state, the enamine-oxo and imine-hydroxy tautomers are formed exclusively, but not the untypical imine-oxo tautomer, which requires strong stabilisation by solvent molecules in solution. MOG-PM6 calculations of the different tautomers allowed visualisation of their energetically the most favourable structures. Protonation of 1OXA–3OXA Schiff bases leads to formation of common forms, i.e. protonated imine-hydroxy structure, irrespectively of the structure of tautomer before protonation. In turn, coordination of monovalent metal cations implies common formation of zwitterionic forms within all studied ligands in solution. Application of FT-IR and NMR titrations in combination with ESI MS spectrometry revealed the nature and the structure of OXA complexes, whose formation is impeded by the intra- and intermolecular interactions. MOG-PM6 calculations allowed visualisation of Li+ and Na+ metal coordination sphere geometries within structure of all investigated complexes, stabilised by intermolecular interactions with solvent molecules.

The structural study of five Schiff bases derived from diaminomaleonitrile (DAMN) and 2-hydroxy carbonyl compounds was performed using 1H, 13C and 15N NMR methods in solution and in the solid state as well. ATR-FTIR and X-Ray spectroscopies were used for confirmation of the results obtained by NMR method. The imine obtained from DAMN and benzaldehyde was synthesized as a model compound which lacks intramolecular hydrogen bond. Deprotonation of all synthesized compounds was done by treating with tetramethylguanidine (TMG). NMR data revealed that salicylidene Schiff bases in DMSO solution exist as OH forms without intramolecular hydrogen bonds and independent on the substituents in aromatic ring. In the case of 2-hydroxy naphthyl derivative, the OH proton is engaged into weak intramolecular hydrogen bond. Two of imines (salDAMN and 5-BrsalDAMN) exist in DMSO solution as equilibrium mixtures of two isomers (A and B). The structures of equilibrium mixture in the solid state have been studied by NMR, ATR-FTIR and X-Ray methods. The deprotonation of three studied compounds (salDAMN, 5-BrsalDAMN, and 5-CH3salDAMN) proceeded in two different ways: deprotonation of oxygen atom (X form) or of nitrogen atom of free primary amine group of DAMN moiety (Y form). For 5-NO2salDAMN and naphDAMN only one form (X) was observed.

Checkpoint inhibitors such as nivolumab represent a novel class of agents that are being increasingly used in the treatment of various cancers. Their toxicities represent unique challenges to the oncologists prescribing them, patients' primary care physicians and other specialists who may encounter these patients during consultations. It is important for physicians to remain vigilant and include autoimmune toxicities in the list of potential differential diagnoses in patients receiving novel cancer therapeutics who present with unusual toxicities. We report the unusual case of a 68-year-old woman with advanced lung cancer on the novel chemotherapeutic Nivolumab whom we suspect developed autoimmune myocarditis with significant cardiac conduction disease as an unintended, and as of yet unrecognised, side effect from this medication.

To evaluate the extent of variability in functional responses in participants in the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) study and to identify the relative contributions of intervention adherence, physical activity, and demographic and health characteristics to this variability.Secondary analysis.Multicenter institutions.A volunteer sample (N=1635) of sedentary men and women aged 70 to 89 years who were able to walk 400m but had physical limitations, defined as a Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score of ≤9.Moderate-intensity physical activity (n=818) consisting of aerobic, resistance, and flexibility exercises performed both center-based (2times/wk) and home-based (3-4times/wk) sessions or health education program (n=817) consisting of weekly to monthly workshops covering relevant health information.Physical function (gait speed over 400m) and lower extremity function (SPPB score) assessed at baseline and 6, 12, and 24 months.Greater baseline physical function (gait speed, SPPB score) was negatively associated with change in gait speed (regression coefficient β=-.185; P.001) and change in SPPB score (β=-.365; P.001), whereas higher number of steps per day measured by accelerometry was positively associated with change in gait speed (β=.035; P.001) and change in SPPB score (β=.525; P.001). Other baseline factors associated with positive change in gait speed and/or SPPB score include younger age (P.001), lower body mass index (P.001), and higher self-reported physical activity (P=.002).Several demographic and physical activity-related factors were associated with the extent of change in functional outcomes in participants in the LIFE study. These factors should be considered when designing interventions for improving physical function in older adults with limited mobility.

Dyscyplina szkolna okresu przedrozbiorowego utożsamiana jest najczęściej z karami fizycznymi, co odbywa się bez uwzględnienia szerokiego kontekstu historycznego tego zjawiska, natomiast rola i pozycja dziecka w społeczeństwach poszczególnych epok była zróżnicowana. Ewolucji koncepcji świata dziecka towarzyszyła ewolucja poglądów na postać nauczyciela i system szkolny. W okresie od XVI do XVIII w. rozpowszechniły się poglądy pisarzy humanistycznych o wyjątkowych potrzebach dzieciństwa. Pedagogika humanistyczna odrzuciła dyscyplinę opartą na karach cielesnych i zastąpiła ją wpływowym honorem i ambicją oraz motywacją poprzez nagrody, pochwały i współpracę. Takie poglądy można znaleźć w traktatach zagranicznych, np. Desideriusa Erazma z Rotterdamu, Thomasa Moore'a, J.L. Vivesa, F. Rabelaisa, M. Montaigneanda oraz polskich, np. A. Frycza Modrzewskiego, M. Reja, E. Gliczner, S. Petrycy. Wpływ na zmiany w dyscyplinie współczesnej szkoły wywarła także reformacja, która spowodowała rozwój dyscypliny wewnętrznej, wzmocnionej nawet przez podział uczniów na klasy szkolne i upowszechnienie podręczników. Od tego czasu współczesna dyscyplina przejawiała się w przestrzeganiu regulaminu szkolnego oraz w ograniczaniu kar cielesnych na rzecz lepszej organizacji czasu uczniów. Taki model stosowały zarówno kolegia protestanckie, jak i katolickie, w tym jezuickie i piariskie. Poglądy J.A. Komeńskiego o potrzebie właściwego doboru metod i technik nauczania dostosowanych do wieku (np. metoda wizualna) należała do nurtu poszukiwania nowych form dyscyplinowania uczniów. Według J.A. Komeńskiego, dyscyplina stosowana z umiarem opierała się na założeniu, że szkoła bez dyscypliny jest jak młyn bez wody… bo gdy młynowi brakuje wody, to się zatrzymuje i jeśli dyscyplinę należy usunąć ze szkoły, to wszystko musi się skończyć. Łagodny nurt w wychowaniu i nauczaniu odnajdujemy także w pedagogicznej teorii Oświecenia, która preferowała afektywne relacje z nauczycielem zamiast lęku (poglądy J.J. Rousseau) i potrzebę podnoszenia kwalifikacji zawodowych nauczycieli (S. Konarski, G. Piramowicz). Szczególną rolę w procesie tworzenia zawodu nauczyciela odegrała Komisja Edukacji Narodowej, która określała obowiązki oraz prawa i przywileje nauczyciela.

Three model metal complexes: Ni(NCS)L, Zn2(NCS)2L2 and Cd2(NCS)2L2, consisting of the SCN− anion(s) and L = 2-[(2-dimethylaminoethylimino)-methyl]-phenolate, have been studied by X-ray diffraction and solid state NMR spectroscopy. The metal cations in these complexes have different coordination modes: Ni2+ is almost square-planar, the Zn2+ cation in Zn2(NCS)2L2 is pentacoordinated, whereas Cd2+ is penta- and hexacoordinated in [Cd2(NCS)2L2]. The different coordination of the metal cations influences the chemical shifts of the metal cations and also the nitrogen atoms. These chemical shifts can be correlated with the M–N and M–O bond lengths (M = Ni2+, Zn2+, Cd2+).

Historical thematic cartography devoted to confessional or, in yet broader terms, religious problematic enjoys a stable status in Poland. Religious issues have usually been treated in a two-fold way: 1. as the major subject of historical cartography, 2. as a component of historical cartography concerned with socio-cultural or historical-political problematic. The former embraces the tradition of the Centre for Research on (earlier Institute of ) Historical Geography of the Church in Poland (Catholic University of Lublin), whereas the latter – the works of the Historical Atlas of Poland (Institute of History of the Polish Academy of Sciences). Even though the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was a multi-religious and multi-confessional country (including both Christian and non-Christian faiths), the majority of hitherto cartographic studies was predominantly preoccupied with institutions, peoples and religious practices of the Latin Church, which enjoyed a preferential systemic and socio-economic status in the Commonwealth. For decades, Polish historical cartography focused on the reconstruction of territorial structures and multi-level administrative divisions. The meticulousness and methodology of these approaches varied greatly, ranging from small-scale schematic maps of dioceses, to very detailed inventory maps of parochial borders (the “Historical Atlas of Poland” series). Its thematic development Polish cartography of confessions owes to professor Jerzy Kloczowski who made the geographical- historical method one of the pillars of studies into socio-religious history, strongly influenced by the French “Annales” school. The Centre for Research on Historical Geography of the Church in Poland at the Catholic University of Lublin is the only scientific institution in Poland whose research profile and methodology focus on geography and historical cartography of religions and confessions. The vast cartographic material collected over many decades forestalled a full development of cartographic research methodology and the subsequent evolution from cartographic presentation to analysis and interpretation, which had been advocated by Kloczowski already in the 1960s. The introduction of innovative technological devices to geographical-historical research, specifically databases and systems of spatial information, have opened anew the discussion on the opportunities for integrating data with methods of their analysis. Through its connection to other layers of the landscape of the past historical geography of confessions and religions is now becoming a crucial element of spatial history. Importantly, its inclusive and interdisciplinary character tallies well with the programme formulated by Le Bras and Kloczowski, within the framework of which institutions, peoples and religious practices should be presented alongside other elements of social, economic and cultural life. Only this may facilitate a proper assessment and description (both quantitative and qualitative) of religious practices, helping to properly interpret factors which have influenced the development of religious institutions and practices.

A series of sixteen Schiff bases (derivatives of salicylaldehydes and aryl amines) was studied to reveal the influence of substituents and the length of the linker on the properties of the H-bonding formed. In theory, two groups of compounds, derivatives of 2-(2-hydroxybenzylidenoamine)phenol) and 2-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxybenzylideno)benzylamine, can form different types of H-bonds using one or two hydroxyl groups present in the molecules. Two other groups of compounds, derivatives of 4-(2-hydroxybenzylidenoamine)phenol and N-(2-hydroxybenzyideno)benzylamine, can form only one type of H-bond. It was confirmed by (15)N and (13)C NMR experiments, that in all cases only traditional, H-bonded six-membered chelate rings were formed. The positions of the hydrogen atom in the rings depend on the substituent and phase. Generally, the OH H-bond form dominates in solution, with exception of the nitro derivatives, where the NH tautomer is present. In the solid state the tautomeric equilibrium is strongly shifted to the NH form. Only for the 5-Br derivative of one compound was the reverse relationship found. According to the results of experimental charge density investigations, two intramolecular H-bonds in the 5-methoxy derivative of 2-hydroxy-N-(2'-hydroxybenzylideno)benzylamine) differ significantly in terms of charge density properties. The intra- and intermolecular H-bonds formed by the deprotonated oxygen atom from 2-OH group are strong, with significant charge density concentration at the bond critical point and a straight, well-defined bond path, whereas the second intramolecular H-bond formed by the oxygen atom from the 2'-OH group is quite weak, with ca. five times smaller charge density concentration than in the previous case and a bent bond path. In terms of energy densities, the latter H-bond appears to be a non-bonding interaction, with total energy density being slightly positive. In terms of source contributions to the density at the H-bond critical point from the atoms involved, the intermolecular, linear H-bond is very strong and charge-assisted in the source function classification, the N(1)-H(1N)···O(1) H-bond is medium-strength, while the third H-bond is extremely weak.

The structures of the main tautomers of the Schiff base of salicylaldehyde with ethylamine and its protonated species have been studied by ESI MS, FT-IR as well as 1H, 13C and 15N NMR methods. The spectroscopic methods have provided clear evidence that the Schiff base exists in acetonitrile solution in a low barrier O⋯H⋯N imine–oxo tautomeric form. This form is also energetically favourable as indicated by PM5 calculations. This untypical Schiff base form is stabilized by a resonance effect with the nitro group and the interaction of the intramolecular hydrogen-bonded proton with acetonitrile via a intermolecular hydrogen bond. The protonated Schiff base exists in solution as imine–hydroxy form stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen bonds with nitro groups and solvent molecules.

Three Schiff bases obtained from substituted salicylaldehydes and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and aliphatic amines were investigated in terms of possible withdrawal of tautomeric proton from intramolecular hydrogen bridge. Three strong nitrogen bases: 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphtalene (DMAN), 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine (TMG) and 1,8-bis(tetramethylguanidino)naphthalene (TMGN) were used as deprotonating agents in acetonitrile solution at room temperature. In the specified conditions it was found that only in the case of 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde and isopropyl amine derivative this process could be performed using TMG and TMGN as a base. The other derivatives, where bridged proton is shifted to oxygen or nitrogen atom, do not undergo such reaction. The deprotonation process was monitored by nitrogen and proton NMR measurements.

The aim of this study was to investigate the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the blood of White Stork Ciconia ciconia chicks (aged 19-54 days) in Poland in 2006. We took under consideration superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ceruloplasmine (CP), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and the content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (malondialdehyde) in polluted (copper manufacture), suburban areas, at the Odra meadows, and at swamps near Baltic Sea in the Pomeranian region. We examined the levels of Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Co, Cd, and Pb and compared ecophysiological determinations for developing storks. Blood samples of wing venous were collected from 91 chicks from 33 nests. The degree of activity of antioxidant enzymes studied has been different in White Stork chicks' blood from Poland regions, as a rule. We have stated a relatively high level of CAT, GPx, SOD, and GR activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in chicks from polluted areas. However, relative value for GR in storks from Odra meadows was considerably higher (about 112 nmol NADPH(2)/min ml) than those in chicks from other environments (56-84 nmol on average). Relatively high levels of CAT, CP, and GPx (2.7 mkM/min l, 22.2 mg/l, and 3.8 nmol GSH/min ml, respectively) were also stated in chicks nested in swamps near Baltic Sea. Simultaneously, we have stated differences (p0.02-p0.001) in the level of elements (besides Ca) in blood of young storks from the studied areas. We found a high level of toxic metals, e.g. Cd, either from swamps near Baltic Sea (2.7 mg/kg) or from Głogów smelter (2.2mg/kg), whilst Pb concentration was high in chicks from Głogów (7.2 mg/kg). Cd and Pb levels in blood of chicks were different in individuals from each region (p0.001). Birds from a smelter have the highest level of these elements, whereas the lowest one was stated in chicks from Odra meadows (Cd: 1.45, Pb: 0.84 mg/kg). Thus, Cd could be a useful marker of response for polluted stress. We also observed a relatively high level of Mg in chicks from both Pomeranian (7000 mg/kg) and polluted (about 6000 mg/kg) areas. Potassium, zinc, and cobalt levels were highest in chicks from suburbs (4.65, 10.1, and 2.7 mg/kg, respectively) and polluted regions (3.8, 9.7, and 5.6 mg/kg, respectively), whilst Cu and Mn were highest in those from polluted (10.9 and 47.6 mg/kg, respectively) and Pomeranian regions (11 and 42.2 mg/kg, respectively). Concentrations of Na, K, and Ca in chicks from Głogów smelter (143.2, 3.8, and 115.9 mg/kg, respectively) were often similar to those from Odra meadows (147.8, 3.6, and 112.5 mg/kg, respectively). This was probably due to a similar degree of homeostatic regulations of an organism. The levels of Mg, Fe, Zn, and Cu were often different (p0.02-p0.001) in the blood of White Stork chicks from the studied areas. Co, Pb, and Cd levels were higher (p0.001) in chicks from Głogów smelter than in those from Odra meadows. It is evidence for importance of anthropopression, which influenced the course of biogeochemical processes and the bioaccumulation of toxic metals locally. This takes place also in chicks from swamps near Baltic Sea, in which the level of Cd was high (2.7 mg/kg); so we can state the high intensity of intoxication in this region. We can conclude that the use of hematological research assesses the condition of birds and might give a positive association with miscellaneous environmental loads. The high concentration of toxic heavy metals involved greater intensity of antioxidant enzymes' activity. Environmental intoxication causes an increase of lipoperoxidation intensity in growing chicks and changes the response of their immunological system.

The present article1 discusses difficulties in the practical application of spatio-temporal databases to geographical-historical research. Apart from undeniable assets of introducing database tools to historical studies, research practice implies also quite significant difficulties related to the unreliability, incompleteness or imprecision of historical information. These features, along with the subjectivism of historical inferential methods (their susceptibility to interpretation), should be taken into consideration when creating Historical Geographical Information Systems (HGIS). Thus assembled, historical information becomes easily accessible for secondary interpretation (source scheme). The critical scheme of any database, created jointly by historians, engineering ontologists, and data modelling specialists, should account for both the ‘expediency’ and ‘processuality’ of historical phenomena, as well as the complex nature of spatio-temporal objects (the ongoing dispute between endurantists and perdurantists).

A series of model Schiff bases – 2,6-bis(alkylimino)phenol derivatives (Me, c-Pr, c-Bu, c-Pen and Ph) – has been studied by the solution and solid state (c-Pr and Ph derivatives) NMR methods. All compounds under investigations exhibit tautomeric equilibria in which proton is distributed between two imine sites. For the whole series, the strongest intramolecular H-bond is formed by the methyl derivative. The cycloaliphatic derivatives form weaker H-bonds. Their strength is proportional to the size of the aliphatic ring. The principal components of 15 N chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) tensor have been measured in the solid state for the cyclopropyl derivative. The first two principal components of the CSA tensor change in the same way with respects to hydrogen bond formation as the isotropic nitrogen chemical shift values. A relationship between the CSA principal components and structure of tautomers present in the system has been discussed. In chloroform solutions we also measured the coalescence temperatures to estimate the reaction rate and activation energy. For the c-Pr Schiff-base derivative, the X-ray structure has been established. This compound crystallizes in the monoclinic P 2 1 space group. There are two independent molecules in the crystal lattice. The geometry of the two moieties is very similar with the exception of some subtle changes in the intramolecular hydrogen bond and its vicinity. Although the molecules seem to be related by a glide plane, the symmetry is non-crystallographic and there is no indication of the existence of such a plane in the intensities of the reflections. We present details of the hydrogen bonds in both moieties.

The Canonical Visitations of Chełm Diocese – the Visitation by Bishop Krzysztof Jan Szembek (1714-1718) Das präsentierte Repertorium umfasst die Protokolle der in den Jahren 1714-1718 von Bischof Krzysztof Jan Szembek und seinen Delegierten durchgefüherten Visitationen der Diözese Culm (Chełmno). Diese Visitationsakten werden im Erzdiösenanarchiv in Lublin in zwei Volumina aufbewahrt (Sign. Rep60 A 152 und Rep60 A 153) und gehören zu den reichhaltigsten und inhaltlich interessantesten Visitationen dieser Diözese in altpolnischer Zeit. Am wertvollsten sind, neben der Schilderung des Zustandes der Diözese zu Beginn des 18. Jahrhunderts, die Eintragungen vieler Stiftungs- und Erektionsdokumente. Das Repertorium enthält die Regesten aller vor 1600 ausgestellter Dokumente. Vom methodologischen Standpunkt aus ist diese Publikation die Fortsetzung des früher veröffentlichten Repertoriums der Visitationen der Diözese Culm (Chełmno) aus dem 17. Jahrhundert.

Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome that can result from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood. The echocardiogram is the single most performed and useful study in these patients. This article reviews the role of the echocardiogram in the evaluation of the heart failure patient, without focusing on the left ventricle. The discussion includes the use of the echocardiogram in the assessment of the right ventricle and diastolic function and in detecting hemodynamic and morphologic changes in heart failure over a period of time. In addition, we highlight some of the limitations of echocardiography in the assessment of these patients.

Eight Schiff bases (N-(R-salicylidene)–cycloalkilamines, R=H, 5-NO2 and 5-Br) obtained from cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl- and cyclopentylamine were investigated in terms of intramolecular hydrogen bond formation in chloroform solution and in the solid state. The relationship between cycloalkyl ring size and proton position was discussed. For the compounds which exist as OH form (salicylaldehyde and 5-bromosalicylaldehyde derivatives), no correlation between ring size and proton position in hydrogen bond was found. For 5-nitro derivatives, the structure of hydrogen bridge strongly depends on the cycloaliphatic ring size.