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Rough estimations in emergency mode are now playing an important role in making key decisions for managing disasters including search and rescue. Most of the studies only paid attention to the earthquakes and ignored the presence of disaster chains and the hazard interactions in earthquakes. Bayesian Networks are ideal tools to explore the causal relationships between events, combine prior knowledge and observed data, and are integrated to solve uncertain problems. In such situations, we present improvements based on a Bayesian Network Model in approaches to estimations of casualties in earthquakes. According to the development of the earthquake disaster chain in literature, the proposed model extracts the key events of earthquakes, considers the hazard interactions, and constructs the Bayesian Networks based on a scenario-based method, to deal with the events in the earthquakes. In the model, lifeline system damages, fires, landslides, and debris flow have been integrated into the networks. The conditional probability tables are encoded by using the collected cases. Validations in the Netica allow the simulation of expected shaking intensity and estimation of the expected casualties by strong earthquakes in emergency mode. Compared to the literature, the method is closer to the fact in the rough estimations, providing important information for our response to earthquakes. Further, rough estimations are started when only seismic intensity or fewer earthquake source parameters are available. &nbsp

Supplemental Material for Lupus anticoagulant-hypoprothrombinemia syndrome in children: Three case reports and systematic review of the literature by Yan-hong Sun ORCID, Wen-jian Nie, Dan-dan Tian and Qing Ye by Lupus

Curcuma alismatifolia, a bulbous flower known for its showy bracts, is widely used around the world as a cut flower, potted, and garden plant. Besides its ornamental value, this species is rich in terpenoid metabolites and could serve as a resource for essential oils. Here, we report a chromosome-level genome assembly of C. alismatifolia and describe its biosynthetic pathways for anthocyanins and terpenoids. This high-quality, assembled genome size is 991.3 Mb with a scaffold N50 value of 56.7 Mb. Evolutionary analysis of the genome suggests that C. alismatifolia diverged from Zingiber officinale about 9.7 million years ago, after it underwent a whole-genome duplication. Transcriptome analysis was performed on bracts at five developmental stages. Nine highly expressed genes were identified, encoding for six enzymes downstream of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. Of these, one gene encoding F3′5′H might be a key node in the regulation of bract color formation. Co-expression network analysis showed that MYB, bHLH, NAC, and ERF transcription factors collectively regulated color formation in the bracts. Characterization of terpenoid biosynthesis genes revealed their dispersal and tandem duplications, both of which contributed greatly to the increase in the number of terpene synthase genes in C. alismatifolia, especially to species-specific expansion of sesquiterpene synthase genes. This work facilitates understanding of genetic basis of anthocyanin and terpenoid biosynthesis and could accelerate the selective breeding of C. alismatifolia varieties with higher ornamental and medicinal value.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic and garnered international attention. The causative pathogen of COVID-19 is severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel, highly contagious coronavirus. Numerous studies have reported that liver injury is quite common in patients with COVID-19. Hepatitis B has a worldwide distribution as well as in China. At present, hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a leading cause of cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Because both viruses challenge liver physiology, it raises questions as to how coinfection with HBV and SARS-CoV-2 affect disease progression and mortality. Is there an increased risk of COVID-19 in patients with HBV infection? In this review, we summarize the current reports of SARS-CoV-2 and HBV coinfection and elaborate the interaction of the two diseases. The emphasis was placed on evaluating the impact of HBV infection on disease severity and clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19 and discussing the potential mechanism behind this effect.

The anthracnose rot of postharvest mango fruit is a devastating fungal disease often resulting in tremendous quality deterioration and postharvest losses. Nitric oxide (NO), as an important signaling molecule, is involved in the responses to postharvest fruit diseases. In the present study, the effectiveness of NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) to prevent anthracnose of "Tainong" mango fruit caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was evaluated through in vivo and in vitro tests. Results from in vivo test showed that SNP treatment effectively inhibited the lesion diameter and disease incidence on inoculated mango fruit during storage. SNP treatment could regulate hydrogen peroxide levels by reinforcing the activities of catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and ascorbate peroxidase. Furthermore, SNP elevated the accumulation of lignin, total phenolics, anthocyanin, and flavonoids and the activities of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase. In addition, in vitro tests indicated that SNP markedly suppressed mycelial growth and spore germination of C. gloeosporioides through damaging plasma membrane integrity and increasing the leakage of soluble sugar and protein. Our results suggested that SNP could suppress anthracnose decay in postharvest mango fruit, possibly by directly suppressing pathogen growth and indirectly triggering host defense responses.

Additional file 3: Figure S3. The difference (A) and correlation (B) between resection specimen-based TMB and CNB-based TMB. RS: resection specimen; CNB: core needle biopsy; TMB: tumor mutation burden.

Additional file 2: Figure S2. Comparative analyses of the sequencing depth (A) and allele frequency (B) between the matched alterations and specific alterations.

Supplemental images.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Proportions of different types of alteration in resection (A) and biopsy (B) specimens. CN_amp: copy number amplification; InDel: small insertion and deletion; LGR: large genomic rearrangement.

Approximately half of the SARS-CoV-2 infections occur without apparent symptoms, raising questions regarding long-term humoral immunity in asymptomatic individuals. Plasma levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and M (IgM) against the viral spike or nucleoprotein were determined for 25,091 individuals enrolled in a surveillance program in Wuhan, China. We compared 405 asymptomatic individuals who mounted a detectable antibody response with 459 symptomatic COVID-19 patients. The well-defined duration of the SARS-CoV-2 endemic in Wuhan allowed a side-by-side comparison of antibody responses following symptomatic and asymptomatic infections without subsequent antigen re-exposure. IgM responses rapidly declined in both groups. However, both the prevalence and durability of IgG responses and neutralizing capacities correlated positively with symptoms. Regardless of sex, age, and body weight, asymptomatic individuals lost their SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies more often and rapidly than symptomatic patients did. These findings have important implications for immunity and favour immunization programs including individuals after asymptomatic infections.

Enormous demand exists for separation of high-salinity solutions across various industries, especially in those high-pollution businesses which are urgently looking for high-throughput and precise-...

Purification and recovery of polar organic solvents such as dimethylformamide (DMF) with high chemical separation speed and low energy cost nanofiltration membranes has been widely investigated, while it is still a difficult challenge that high permeability of solvents and rejection of solutes are achieved simultaneously. In this study, a novel organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) membranes was obtained via coating a thin selective graphene oxide (GO) layer on top of the polyimide porous substrate (PI) which was cross-linked to improve the stability in polar solvents. The resultant GO/cross-linked PI (GO/CLPI) composite membranes feature remarkable sieving capability of >94% for RBss molecules (1018 Da), accompanying high pure solvent permeability of 11.1 L h−1 m−2 bar−1, 4.9 L h−1 m−2 bar−1 and 1.0 L h−1 m−2 bar−1 for water, IPA and DMF, respectively. Different from conventional method of characterization, low field nuclear magnetic resonance technology (LF-NMR) was utilized to confirm that the GO/CLPI membrane shows a higher adsorption capacity for IPA than DMF. This newly technique can be effectively utilized to evaluate the affinity between organic solvents and the surface of membranes.

The authors are grateful for the support of The University of Edinburgh Chancellor Fellowship Scheme and State Key Laboratory for Membrane Separations, China (NTU-KL17-03). By replacing Lewis acids with Brønsted acids as catalysts, continuous flow synthesis of hypercrosslinked polymers is achieved within 10% of the time required for a typical batch reaction. Compared with batch-synthesised polymers, the flow-produced materials take up 24% more CO2, precluding the need for lengthy reaction protocols to yield high-performance hypercrosslinked polymers for carbon capture. Publisher PDF

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: At present, there are many methods for pathological lung segmentation. However, there are still two unresolved problems. (1) The search steps in traditional ASM is a least square optimization method, which is sensitive to outlier marker points, and it makes the profile update to the transition area in the middle of normal lung tissue and tumor rather than a true lung contour. (2) If the noise images exist in the training dataset, the corrected shape model cannot be constructed. METHODS: To solve the first problem, we proposed a new ASM algorithm. Firstly, we detected these outlier marker points by a distance method, and then the different searching functions to the abnormal and normal marker points are applied. To solve the second problem, robust principal component analysis (RPCA) of low rank theory can remove noise, so the proposed method combines RPCA instead of PCA with ASM to solve this problem. Low rank decompose for marker points matrix of training dataset and covariance matrix of PCA will be done before segmentation using ASM. RESULTS: Using the proposed method to segment 122 lung images with juxta-pleural tumors of EMPIRE10 database, got the overlap rate with the gold standard as 94.5%. While the accuracy of ASM based on PCA is only 69.5%. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that when the noise sample is contained in the training sample set, a good segmentation result for the lungs with juxta-pleural tumors can be obtained by the ASM based on RPCA.

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Binary logistic regression analysis of smoking situation on females. Supplementary Table 2. Binary logistic regression analysis of drinking alcohol situation on. Supplementary Table 3. Binary logistic regression analysis of smoking situation on males. Supplementary Table 4. Binary logistic regression analysis of drinking alcohol situation on males. Supplementary Table 5. Ordinal logistic regression analysis of smoking situation on females. Supplementary Table 6. Ordinal logistic regression analysis of drinking alcohol situation on. Supplementary Table 7. Ordinal logistic regression analysis of smoking situation on males. Supplementary Table 8. Ordinal logistic regression analysis of drinking alcohol situation on males.

Background: Many studies indicate that patient satisfaction is significantly negatively correlated with waiting time. A well-designed healthcare system should not keep patients waiting too long for appointment and consultation. However, in China, patients spend considerable time waiting, and the actual time spent on diagnosis and treatment in the consulting room is comparatively less.Methods: We developed an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted module that is embedded in hospital information systems. Through its use, outpatients were automatically recommended an imaging examination or a laboratory test based on their symptoms and chief complaint. Thus, they could get examined or tested before they went to see the doctor. People who saw a doctor in the traditional way were assigned to the conventional group, and those who used the AI-assisted system were assigned to the AI-assisted group. We conducted a 1:1 case–control study that applied propensity score matching to pair the data from patients in a pediatric tertiary hospital between August 1, 2019 and January 31, 2020. Waiting time was defined as the time from registration to preparation for a laboratory test or an imaging examination. The total cost included the registration fee, test fee, examination fee, and drug fee. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare the differences in time and cost between the AI-assisted group and the conventional group. The statistical significance level was set at 0.05 for two sides.Results: A total of 12,342 visits were recruited for this study, consisting of 6,171 visits in the conventional group and 6,171 visits in the AI-assisted group. The median waiting time was 0.38 (inter-quartile range: 0.20, 1.33) hours for the AI-assisted group compared with 1.97 (0.76, 3.48) hours for the conventional group (p < 0.05).Conclusions: Using AI can significantly reduce the waiting time of patients for outpatient procedures, and thus, enhance the outpatient process of hospitals.

Supplemental material, MPX900717 Supplemental material for Anxiolytic effects of polydatin through the blockade of neuroinflammation in a chronic pain mouse model by Shao-Yu Guan, Kun Zhang, Xin-Shang Wang, Le Yang, Bin Feng, Dan-Dan Tian, Mei-Rong Gao, Shui-Bing Liu, An Liu and Ming-Gao Zhao in Molecular Pain

Organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) with thin film composite (TFC) membranes containing a thin selective layer on top of a porous substrate is key to lowering energy costs of high-speed chemical separations. Conventional TFC membranes wereoften built on phase inversion induced asymmetrical substrates, with high tortuosity that impede rapid solvent transport. Nanofiber as ultrapermeable substrate has enhanced water transport in forward osmosis, nanofiltration and otheraqueous separations. However, problems of solvent stability in harsh operating conditions prevent their exploitation in non-aqueous molecular separations. Here we show that by combining a simple solution-phase cross-linking process andelectrospinning, the instability of nanofibrous polyacrylonitrile (PAN), in industrially-important polar solvents can be overcome and harnessed to benefit the purification of polar solvents containing low molecular weight solutes. The low tortuosity of electrospun PAN nanofibrous substrates is key to uniform cross-linking, hence are more stable and mechanically stronger than cross-linked PAN asymmetrical substrates fabricated by the traditional approach of phase inversion. The low resistance offered by cross-linked nanofibrous substrates increased solvent permeation withoutsacrificing selectivity, for example, to 99.5 % rejection of negatively-charge Sudan 4 (MW:380 Da) dyes with a methanol permeance of 9.87 L m-2 h-1 bar-1 and water permeance of 22.40 Lm-2 h-1 bar-1. The enhanced stability of TFC membranes inpolar aprotic solvents such as dimethylsulfoxide highlight their potential application for molecular separations in pharmaceutical and chemical industries.

This study aims to develop an inner selective coordination nanofiltration hollow fiber (CNHF) membrane for the efficient removal of antibiotics from groundwater. In the first step, a modified substrate with the controlled modification degree is achieved by pressure-assisted alkali modification of polyimide hollow fiber substrate to provide the active points for the construction of the dense active layer. Then, the high-performance active layer is dynamically built on the modified substrate by the coordination between Fe3+ and phytic acid. Compared to static synthesis, the pure water permeability (PWP) of the membrane is improved from 4.1 to 8.5 Lm−2h−1bar−1 and Na2SO4 rejection enhanced from 68.3% to 97.0% by the dynamic synthesis with a cross-flow system. The newly developed membranes exhibit high rejection to several pharmaceuticals (>99%). This work may provide insightful guidelines for improving the fabrication procedures and scaling up the inner-selective CNHF membrane modules for water purification and other applications.

Object tracking via low-rank and sparse learning easily exists the following problems: 1) requiring to solve a lot of l 1 optimization problems, which is time-consuming. 2) usually occurring tracking drift when facing object abrupt motion. Therefore, a low-rank and reverse fused-lasso regularization based object tracking algorithm is proposed. Firstly, convex low rank approximation based on the nuclear norm is used to constraint the correlation of the candidate particles, so as to remove the uncorrelated particles. Secondly, fused lasso regularization is introduced to the object tracking, minimizing the absolute value sum of the sparse coefficient difference, which can restrict the object appearance with little difference between the consecutive frame, but allow the greater variation between individual frames, so as to adapt object abrupt motion. Thirdly, an inverse sparse representation formulation is built for object appearance, using candidate particles to represent the target template inversely, simplifying the computation for online tracking. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performs favorably against state-of-the-art methods, especially for object abrupt motion.

The mitigation of earthquake disasters in Shandong province are briefly introduced composition and function of the intellectual property system, as well as the project background, the demand of construction of the system. Intellectual property system is introduced based on the basic principle of Gpon technology and the construction of the advanced mode. Combination of industry information construction and the development of future business planning, architecture design, from the network technology is introduced, system building, etc., for the construction of the intellectual property system was analyzed, and the passive optical network based intelligent property development direction for the construction of the proposed his own view.

Electrospun nanofibers with completely interconnected pore structures are increasingly considered as substrates for fabricating thin-film nanofibrous composite (TFNC) nanofiltration (NF) membranes. The poor adhesion between the large-pore substrate and dense selective layer has been considered as the bottleneck for wide application. This work presents the role of a transition layer on membrane structure as well as performance enhancement. Specifically, both polyethyleneimine (PEI)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) transition layer and PAN substrate layer are formed by electrospinning. Interfacial polymerization (IP) is subsequently performed with trimesoyl chloride and piperazine. The introduction of the PEI modified transition layer improves the hydrophilicity, provides additional reaction sites for IP, and avoids the polymerization in the pores of nanofibers. The resultant composite NF membranes exhibit a compact and defect-free selective layer. Such an optimal structure leads to an excellent separation performance of 95.6% for orange ΙΙ dye (MW = 350.32 g/mol) rejection and 38.5 L m−2h−1 bar-1 for the pure water permeability. It exhibits stable long-term performance during low pressure (0.2 MPa) nanofiltration, which will afford significant directions for the actual application of the TFNC membranes in water purification and other fields.

In this work, dynamic deposition technology was adopted to fabricate nanofiltration (NF) hollow fiber membrane, which can reduce water transport resistance to break trade-off effect and detect membrane performance in real-time. Firstly, polyimide hollow fiber substrates with high mechanical strength were designed by adjusting dope composition and spinning conditions. It was found that using pure n-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone as intermediate flow between dope and coagulant bath can keep balance of phase inversion to fabricate substrate with full spongy pores and thick thickness. Then, ZrO2 sol of 45 nm in size was deposited on substrate to prepare the dynamic membrane and the polyacrylic acid (PAA) was utilized to stabilize the ZrO2 layer and improve hydrophilicity and negative charge of membranes. The resultant membrane owns an amazing pure water permeability (PWP) of 32.6 Lm−2h−1bar−1 with a high rejection to Na2SO4 (93.4%) and various pharmaceuticals (>90%). This work may provide insightful guidelines to design robust hollow fiber NF membranes with straightforward and scalable strategies.

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) always rely on the generation of inorganic radicals (e.g., HO ) for contaminant destruction. Herein, we report a novel AOP, i.e., Co3O4/peracetic acid (PAA) to degrade contaminants with organic radicals at neutral pH. Using orange G (OG) as a representative, studies show that Co3O4 can effectively activate PAA to promote rapid degradation of OG at neutral pH, with extremely low cobalt leaching. Moreover, Co3O4 exhibits high structural and chemical stability in PAA activation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated the recycling of Co2+/Co3+, and thus confirmed a catalyst role of Co3O4 in the activation of PAA. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique and radical-quenching studies showed that organic radical species, (i.e., CH3C( O)O and CH3C( O)OO ) played a critical role in the degradation process. A wide range of contaminants were further tested for their degradation in the PAA/Co3O4 system, and this system was found to exhibit certain selectivity for organic contaminants, especially for those with electron-rich functional groups/moieties, e.g., fluoroquinolones and sulfonamides. This work provides a promising strategy for the degradation of organic contaminants in water treatment.

Error control codes for real-time interactive applications such as audio and video streaming must operate under strict delay constraints and be resilient to burst losses. Previous works have characterized optimal codes that guarantee perfect recovery of all source packets when the burst loss is below a certain maximum threshold. In this work we introduce two notions of unequal error protection (UEP) in streaming codes. The first is symbol-level UEP where each source packet consists of two sub-packets, one of which has higher level of importance than the other. While the important sub-packet has the same deadline it must recover from a longer burst loss. Perfect recovery of the entire source packet is required if the burst loss is below a certain nominal threshold. The second notion is packetlevel UEP. Here we assume that the source packets arriving at odd and even times have different levels of importance. When the burst length is below a certain threshold, all the source packets must be recovered. On the other hand, in the period of the longer burst, we only require the recovery of the source packets at even time slots. We discuss practical motivations for both settings and develop coding schemes that use previously proposed streaming codes as constituent codes. We establish optimality or near optimality guarantees through information theoretic converse. Simulation over Gilbert channels show that these codes outperform baseline schemes over a wide range of channel parameters.

E-commerce platform evaluates e-seller star level according to the number of favourable comments from e-buyers. However, there is often inconsistence between the e-buyer evaluation details and the evaluation result. The evaluation result includes subjective factors in some degrees, so the e-seller star level which is only determined by the amount of favourable comments cannot completely reflect the e-seller credit level. Therefore, the shoes e-seller on taobao e-commerce platform will be taken as an example to evaluate the e-seller credit. Firstly, nine evaluation indexes such as the product quality, the product description, the service, the sales volume and so on, which embraced in evaluation details are selected. One hundred and fifty-three shoes e-seller samples are extracted by means of Python. It obtains shoes e-seller classification using fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm, and we devise their credit rank according to classification result. E-seller credit rank is compared with their star level, and their difference is analyzed. Secondly, we use FCM algorithm to analyze the relevance between each index and credit, so as to determine the main indicators affecting the e-seller credit. The evaluation mechanism of the e-seller credit designed above can provide the reference for e-buyer to make decision.

With the continuous improvement of people's living standard, people's material needs have been met. Nowadays, some of the unhealthy living conditions have led to outbreaks of disease, and have also caused some damage to people's healthy life. For example, alcohol consumption has a greater impact on people's health. Based on the prevalence of alcoholism in current society, the postoperative nursing and related effects were further analysed in this paper. The purpose of this study is to provide some theoretical basis and scientific support for the improvement of our country's physical health.

Experimental section. Figure S1. The SEM images of the samples in low magnification. Figure S2. (a) CV and (b) CC curves of the diatomite@MnO2 in 1 M Na2SO4; (c) CV and (d) CC curves of three kinds of ferric oxides-decorated diatomite. Figure S3. The EIS curve of Diatomite@FeOOH. Figure S4. The CV (a) curves at 100 mV s−1 and CC (b) curves at 1 A g−1 of diatomite, FeOOH and D@FeOOH. (DOC 22468 kb)

The efficient development of low permeability reservoir exploration and development at home and abroad has been a difficult and hot issues. Changqing Oilfield is the permeability, low pressure, low abundance of the "three low" oil and gas fields, is the world famous low permeability. In recent years, with the low permeability of Changqing Oilfield fast on the scale of production, development and gradually increase the difficulty, well production decreased year by year, oil layers, layer contradictions become increasingly prominent. Changqing Oilfield how old stable production, it will be a challenging task. In this paper, Changqing Oilfield per 214 Jiyuan Chang 4 +5 reservoir, for example, focuses on the reservoir of the reservoir by strengthening fine management and implement water policies, improve water technical control, good water injection, inject enough water, improve the capacity of the reservoir stable production, improve development effectiveness.

The efficient development of tight oil exploration and development domestic and foreign has been a difficult, hot issues, using conventional reservoir reconstruction process, the yield increase is limited. Ordos Basin in the Chang 7 layers of tight oil reserves on behalf of a large scale, widely distributed, in order to reinforce to achieve fifty million tons of Changqing Oilfield stable long-term strategic objectives of the resource base and improve the tight oil well production, faced with enormous challenges. For Changqing Oilfield tight reservoir geological features, learn from foreign experience in tight oil development success, positive change in Changqing Oilfield reservoir reconstruction,approach to volume fracturing as a concept, greatly contributed to the Chang 7 represented tight reservoir of cost effective development, the effect is significant, strategic breakthrough.

With the rapid development in recent decades, the electric power communication network plays a more and more important role and needs to meet the requirements of higher reliability. But the increase of network scale heightens the risk of failure. In order to guarantee the operation of electric power communication network safely and reliably, the complex network theory is used to evaluate the topology structure of power communication network in this paper. The robustness and the performance function of the network are analyzed after the node attack, the static risk point of the network is determined and the topology of the network is optimized.

Experimental validation of the impact of IGF1R and IR inhibition on IGF2-induced cell proliferation, demonstrating that IGF2-induced proliferation was dependent on IGF1R kinase activity and not IR kinase activity. (PDF 104Â kb)

The method of Laspeyres index was used to decompose changes in energy intensity of Hebei province over the period 2005-2009. The results indicate that the technological effect has been the major factor causing the reduction of the energy intensity. The contribution of the technological progress accounts for as much as 92%, 99.11%, 72% at the area level, industry level and sub-sector level respectively. While the structural effect has also played a positive but a very minor role on the decline of energy intensity. Therefore, the main approaches to reducing energy intensity in Hebei province are to increase in R&D investment for promoting technology progress, accelerate the structure adjustment, attach great importance to the structural shift towards less energy-intensive subsectors, and enhance the supervision over important prefectures including such areas as Tangshan, Handan.

Wearable technology in the form of wearable computing, wearable displays, e.t.c. will need to not only add extra technological value to the user. It will need to strategically or seamlessly blend in to current form factors or augment them in ways that shed unnecessary steps from the procedures of how things are conventionally done while adding extra desirable value proposition and comfort. The herein presented work centers around a wearable display product platform we prototyped to invisibly incorporates technology into a conventional product form factor that leaves it visually indistinguishable from conventional products in its outward appearance, weight, smell, feel and, most importantly for wearable technologies – comfort. The platform prototype showcase is a smartphone app controlled high heel shoe that can match a user's outfit at the click of a button as well as housing some embedded sensors.

Cerium-incorporated ordered porous zirconia materials have been prepared by the surfactant-assisted route and a post-grafting method. The X-ray powder diffraction, TEM, nitrogen adsorption and UV-Vis spectroscopy were adopted for the characterization of the synthesized materials. It is shown that small amount of cerium has been successfully incorporated into the framework of zirconia, and the surplus cerium can be dispersed into the pore channels, as well as onto the outer pore surface. The introduction of cerium may induce more shrinkage of the lattice of ZrO2 and decrease the order of pore arrangement of ZrO2. However, both the specific surface area and the ordering of pore structure were retained. This new material may be a potential catalyst.

Pure and boron-doped γ-Al2O3 membranes have been synthesized by the sol–gel method. The thermal stability of the unsupported alumina membrane was studied by determining the pore structure (including average pore size, pore volume and BET surface area). The average pore size of the pure alumina membrane increased sharply after sintering at temperatures higher than 1000°C. Addition of 16% boron can considerably stabilize the pore structure of the unsupported alumina membrane. The pore diameter for the B-doped membrane was stabilized within 13 nm after sintering at 1200°C for 5 h. The substantial increase in the pore size for the pure alumina membrane at the sintering temperature of 1000–1200°C was accompanied by the phase transformation from γ-Al2O3 to α-Al2O3. The addition of boron can raise the temperature of this phase transformation significantly and, thus, improves the thermal stability of the membranes.

Lanthanum-doped Pd/γ-Al 2 O 3 and Pd/γ-Al 2 O 3 membranes were prepared by sol-gel methods. The thermal stability of the unsupported Pd/γ-Al 2 O 3 and La/Pd/γ-Al 2 O 3 membranes was investigated with BET (including average pore size, pore volume and BET surface area), XRD, and DTA techniques. The average pore size of the Pd/γ-Al 2 O 3 membranes increased sharply after sintering at temperatures higher than 1000°C. Addition of 3 mol% lanthanum can raise the temperature of the γ-Al 2 O 3 toα-Al 2 O 3 phase transformation significantly. This improves the thermal stability of the Pd/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalytic membranes.

At present, the technology of machine vision is gradually applied in various manufacturing industries. Battery, a greatly demanded product in the manufacturing industry, is taking use of the technology to inspect the surface defects. In order to improve the efficiency of detection and the effectiveness of the subsequent image processing algorithm in the machine vision system, this paper proposes a simple and accurate image segmentation algorithm, which can effectively and conveniently separate the effective region from the rough battery's image. And it is been verified by experiments.

According to the scratch defection of battery is caused by the manufacturing process and other causal factors during product, the paper proposes a method for battery surface defects detection based on machine vision. In order to obtain high-quality picture of the battery, the detection system using CMOS industrial cameras, and ring light source is designed and used; with the use of segmentation algorithm based on Canny edge defects, surface defects on the surface of battery cathode, and the scratch defection is defected through the calculation of scratch defects. It is found that the method of using a ring light source for imaging the battery cathode and through the scratch defect segmentation and extraction, the scratch defect Inspection is realized better.

The gyrocompass alignment of strap-down inertial navigation systems (SINS) on stationary base was Discussed, Expressions of mathematical platform misalignment angles of the open-loop algorithm are derived and parameter identification method is used to pick-up the corresponding coefficients from angle measurements in order to identify and compensate gyro drifts and platform misalignment. The simulation results show that the open circuit gyrocompass alignment of SINS can all meet the requirement of SINS initial alignment with high accuracy and quick reaction on stationary base.

Using very minimum frequency shift chirp (VMFS-chirp) signal as carrier, 1/3 continuous phase chirp keying (1/3-CPCK) has high bandwidth efficient and has been used in bandwidth-limited wireless communication. With high correlation between 1/3-CPCK carriers, the ability of noise suppression in 1/3-CPCK system was low. In order to solve this problem, an improved received method of 1/3-CPCK system was presented in the paper. Using the difference of convergent between VMFS-chirp signal and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) in FrFT domain, the improved received method used pre-FrFT-filter (instead of general band-pass filter)before coherent demodulation to suppress AWGN. The difference of convergent was analyzed, and then the improved received method model was built and simulated. Theoretical analysis and simulation results showed that comparing present receiver method with band-pass filter and coherent demodulation, the improved received method has stronger ability of noise suppression and got more than 2dB processing gain.

This paper mainly describes the design of a versatile CLI that supports command set dynamically loading. It not only explains the overall architecture and operation flow in detail, but also the implementation methods of every module and the important data structures. This CLI has the open architecture, not only the user can enjoy the advantages of unified management, but also can install new command sets dynamically for different applications. The design principles of this system are scalability, expandability and portability, which providing a reference direction for versatility of CLI on embedded system.

This article outlines the synchronization mechanism of the IEEE 1588 protocol, analyzes the factors that affect the precision of clock synchronization, and proposes a new strategy about the protocol stack of IEEE 1588 for analyzing messages. According to the analysis, it uses DP83640 to implement the hardware assist circuitry for improving the precise synchronization of clocks, and builds the protocol stack and DP83640's control platform in the MAC layer based on FPGA. All of these compose a more efficient and simple synchronization system by the connection of Ethernet, whose precision of clock synchronization is better than sub-microsecond and more suitable for requirements of the modern industrial control and measuring instrument.