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Room temperature linear arrays (up to 160 detectors in array) from silicon metal- oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (Si-MOSFETs) have been designed for sub- THz (radiation frequency 140 GHz) close to real-time direct detection operation scanner to be used for detection and recognition of hidden objects. For this scanner, the optical system with aspherical lenses has been designed and manufactured. To estimate the quality of optical system and its resolution, the system modulation transfer function was applied. The scanner can perform real-time imaging with the spatial resolution better than 5 mm at the radiation frequency 140 GHz and contrast 0.5 for the moving object speed up to 200 mm/s and the depth of field 20 mm. The average dynamic range of real time imaging system with 160-detector linear array is close to 35 dB, when the sources with the output radiation power of 23 mW (IMPATT diodes) are used (scan speed 200 mm/s). For the system with 32-detector array, the dynamic range was about 48 dB and for the single-detector system with raster scanning 80 dB with lock-in amplifier. However, in the latter case for obtaining the image with the sizes 20×40 mm and step of 1 mm, the average scanning time close to 15 min is needed. Convolutional neural network was exploited for automatic detection and recognition of hidden items.

The article identifies the features of the pathology of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease on the background of hypothyroidism. The frequency of gastroesophageal reflux disease and the severity of this disease increase with age and the presence of comorbid pathology. In the elderly, the frequency of the typical esophageal manifestations decreases, and the erosive esophagitis with atypical symptoms is more common. The growing number of cases of combined thyroid dysfunction with gastropathology requires in-depth study of the reasons for the relationship between these processes. Pathological changes in the gastrointestinal tract in these patients make their condition severer, contributing to the development and progression of metabolic disorders. An important aggravating effect on the regulatory mechanisms of esophageal kinetics has a pathological functioning of the thyroid gland on the background of iodine deficiency. Results and discussion. In patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease with hypothyroidism, all changes in gastric and duodenal function are associated with a decrease in the acid-forming function of the gastric mucosa, due to its atrophy, decreased tone and contractility of the stomach. This in turn leads to a slowing of gastric and duodenal evacuation, dysfunction of the closing capacity of the cardia and, as a consequence, the development of duodenogastroesophageal reflux. The esophageal contents are not so pronounced, so patients with non-erosive forms of esophagitis predominate (46.2%) against 16% of patients in the second group (patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease). At the same time, erosive forms predominate among patients in the control group with predominant acid reflux. It should be noted that there is a clear relationship between the frequency of erosive changes in the esophageal mucosa and the duration of the disease. Thus, among patients of the main group with a 5-year history of the disease, the number of erosive forms of gastroesophageal reflux disease was minimal. The number of erosive changes in the esophageal mucosa increased sharply in patients with a 10-year history and reached its maximum after 15 years from the onset of the disease. Conclusion. The delay in gastric evacuation is more pronounced in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease on the background of hypothyroidism. It can be explained by a decrease in gastric motility and the presence of duodenostasis. The slowing of gastric evacuation was more pronounced in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease on the background of reduced thyroid function. In patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease on the background of hypothyroidism there is an alkaline duodenogastroesophageal reflux as a consequence of reduced acid-forming function of the gastric mucosa and reduced contractility of the stomach and duodenum

Electron-beam energy recuperation is usually used in electron-cooling systems (ECSs). The operation stability, vacuum conditions, and radiation background (which is especially important in high-voltage coolers) depend on recuperation efficiency. The only way to improve recuperation efficiency in high-voltage coolers is to increase the electron-collector efficiency. This paper describes the variants of electron collectors for high-voltage ECSs.

In order to achieve the design luminosity in the NICA collider, it is planned to equip it with both stochastic and electron cooling. The electron-cooling system (ECS) for 2.5 MeV consists of two coolers which cool both ion beams simultaneously. The Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (BINP SB RAS) already built and commissioned an electron cooling system for the NICA booster, and now the high-voltage ECS for the collider is being developed. This paper describes the basic elements of the system and the status of the cooler development.

The HV electron cooling system designed at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics for the NICA collider is the world’s only setup developed for a collider and makes it possible to simultaneously cool two ion beams with an energy up to 4.5 GeV/u using the magnetized electron flow [1]. Due to the fact that the cooling system should be installed at the NICA collider, the distance between the beam axes of cooling channels corresponds to the distance between collider beams and amounts to 320 mm. This became the first factor affecting the entire structure of the electron-cooling system and limits the maximum possible outer radius of longitudinal field coils. The energy-consumption limitation of 500–700 kW [2] can be considered the other factor, and it directly affects the density of filling the solenoid with the conductor. The design of the central solenoid (cooling solenoid) of the electron-cooling system is described, and it has been developed taking into account the imposed limitations.

The paper presents the results of studying mechanochemical synthesis of hafnium carbide in the process of vibration treatment of the mixture of powders of hafnium and amorphous carbon obtained by pyrolytic processing of plant materials. Phase compositions, morphology, as well as fractional and chemical compositions of the synthesized products were studied. It has been found that the use of carbon obtained from plant materials is beneficial for the mechanochemical synthesis of highly-dispersed hafnium carbide with low sulfur content.

The frequency dependencies for the dielectric function of composite which has low content of the randomly-oriented metallic nanocylinders have been studied in the work. The frequencies of the surface plasmonic resonance as a function of the volume content of the metallic fraction have been obtained. The frequency dependencies for the wavenumber of plasmon-polaritons, which propagate on the boundary between mentioned composite and air have been calculated. The existence of the band gaps, in which the surface electromagnetic waves can not propagate, and the existence of the splitting of the frequencies of the surface plasmonic resonance in the case when the electron relaxation in metal can be ignored, have been demonstrated.

For the treatment of patients with severe multysistem pelvic trauma accompanied by pelvic bleeding, many algorithms have been proposed that have different procedures for the use of various methods of surgical hemostasis, but none of them may guarantee the complete arrest of pelvic bleeding. The purpose of this study was to estimate clinical efficacy and developed algorithm, aimed at timely diagnosis of intrapelvic bleeding and its complete arrest with the help of different methods of surgical hemostasis in patients with severe concomitant injury of the pelvis. The article analyzes the results of treatment of 168 patients with unstable pelvic ring injuries and signs of intrapelvic bleeding, who were treated in two trauma centers of the first level in St. Petersburg: I.I. Dzhanelidze St. Petersburg Research Institute of Emergency Medicine and Military Surgery Clinic of S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy in 2010-2018. The victims were divided into two statistically homogeneous groups. In the comparison group (75 people), the pelvic ring was mechanically stabilized with the Ganz C-clamp or the anterior part of the pelvis was fixed with an external fixation device (EFD), and the arrest of the ongoing pelvic bleeding was expected due to occur due to the effect of biological tamponade. In the main group (93 people), after mechanical stabilization of the pelvic ring, various methods of surgical hemostasis were used: balloon occlusion of the aorta, pelvic tamponade, angiography with embolization. The choice of method for surgical haemostasis after trauma depended on the severity of the affected condition of hemodynamic parameters, availability of life-threatening consequences of damage to other areas of the body and the efficacy of previously applied method for intrapelvic bleeding arrest. The introduction of modern diagnostic and treatment algorithm, aimed at complete hemostasis in patients with ongoing intrapelvic bleeding reduced the overall mortality rate by 1.7 times, mortality within 24 hours of admission by 2.3 times, as well as the duration and the volume of blood transfusion therapy by 3 and 1.8 times.Authors declare lack of the conflicts of interests.

Research developments on repair techniques and technologies for rotor shafts by welding and surfacing are presented. Most common defects of rotor shafts are classified. Requirements for welding materials, welding methods, and repair item are formulated. These requirements and repair technologies are based on computer simulation validated experimentally.

The absorption of electromagnetic radiation by a composite based on bimetallic nanoparticles with a “core–shell” type of structure has been analyzed using the Maxwell–Garnett theory. Expressions have been obtained for the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function of a two-layered particle in the limiting cases of “thick” and “thin” shells. It has been established that the presence of two metals in the composition of the inclusions leads to a splitting of the maxima and minima in the frequency dependences of the dielectric function and of the coefficient of absorption of the nanocomposite. The frequency dependences of the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function and of the coefficient of absorption of the composite with bimetallic nanoparticles of different metals have been calculated. An essential influence of both the geometric characteristics of the particles-inclusions and of their composition on the optical properties of the composite has been revealed.

In recent years, significant progress has been made in the treatment of severe injuries and traumas. In critical situations, for the heaviest category of wounded, the outcome is largely determined in the next few minutes after admission to the hospital. The only possible tactic that gives a chance to save the lives of such victims is the tactics of multi-stage surgical treatment (damage control). The low effectiveness of traditional methods of training surgeons in the basics and techniques of this tactic makes it necessary to develop new forms of training. One of the most progressive and sought-after is training on biological material (large animals or cadaver material), but the methodology for conducting such studies has not been worked out before. For the first time in Russia in November 2018, a unique training and practical course «SMART» (Modern Methods and Algorithms for the Treatment of Wounds and Traumas) was conducted, combining training in both living tissues and cadavers. Participants were given the opportunity to see and independently work out the basic combinations of typical surgical techniques and maneuvers aimed at eliminating the life-threatening consequences of injuries and traumas.

The optical properties of spherical metal–oxide nanoparticles were studied in the framework of the Drude theory. Frequency dependences of the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant, coherence loss parameter, and absorption coefficient of bilayer Ag, Al, and Cu nanoparticles of radii 10–30 nm in various matrices were calculated. The behavior of the frequency dependences of the imaginary part of the dielectric constant and absorption coefficient at low frequencies was determined by the contribution of electron surface-scattering mechanisms.

Clinical Center of Stomatology of FMBA of Russia, 123098, Moscow, Russian FederationDental morbidity in childhood is practically not reduced. The effectiveness of preventive measures is great in early childhood, and therefore relevant research on the epidemiology of the prevalence and intensity of caries and gingivitis in children 6-9 years. Surveyed 176 people at the school of Moscow and the indicators of dental disease and treatment needs among schoolchildren 6 to 9 years. In Moscow, the prevalence of caries - 92,0%, periodontal disease - 19,3% with intensity of 1,67±0,03 (CPU) and 0,53±0,03 (CPI), respectively, with satisfactory and good oral hygiene in 81,1% of the surveyed children is high in the period of a change bite. The need for dental treatment in the examined patients has a structure: in the treatment of caries - 32,4%, in the removal of teeth - 15,3%, in professional hygiene - 19,8%, in the preventive sealing of fissures - 34,1%. The total need for dental and periodontal sanitation was 52.8%.

The optical properties of the spherical metallic nanoparticles, which can be used as the sensory elements of the sensors on the surface plasmonic resonance, have been studied. The calculations have been performed for the monometallic and bimetallic particles. The practical recommendations as for the optimum choice of the content and the morphology of the nanoparticles for the production of the sensory elements of the mentioned nanosensors have been given.

The electron cooling system for the NICA booster has been under construction and tested over the last few years at the Institute of Nuclear Physics. The design of this setup and the results of tests are detailed.

The results of investigations of mechanoactivation of a mixture of hafnium and carbon black powders in conditions of intensive vibration treatment using grinding bodies made of VK6 hard alloy and ShKh15 steel are presented. It is shown that the vibration treatment of the initial components leads to a mechanochemical synthesis of hafnium carbide starting from the first seconds of activation. Moreover, in the proposed treatment conditions, it is preferable to use steel grinding bodies.

Self-consistent computations of the monovacancy formation energy are performed for Na N , Mg N , and Al N (12 < N ≤ 168) spherical clusters in the drop model for stable jelly. Scenarios of the Schottky vacancy formation and “bubble vacancy blowing” are considered. It is shown that the asymptotic behavior of the size dependences of the energy for the vacancy formation by these two mechanisms is different and the difference between the characteristics of a charged and neutral cluster is entirely determined by the difference between the ionization potentials of clusters and the energies of electron attachment to them.

Self-consistent calculations of spatial distributions of electrons, potentials, and energies of dissociation, cohesion, vacancy formation, and electron attachment, as well as the ionization potential of solid Al N , Na N clusters (N ≥ 254), and clusters containing a vacancy (N ≥ 12) have been performed using a model of stable jellium. The contribution of a monovacancy to the energy of the cluster, the size dependences of the characteristics, and their asymptotic forms have been considered. The calculations have been performed on the SKIT-3 cluster at the Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Rpeak = 7.4 Tflops).

The paper presents a method of fabrication and a comparison of the characteristics of obtained cemented carbide samples based on tungsten carbide with 10% metal binder. They were synthesized by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at different sintering temperatures: Co (1200 °C), Fe and Ni (1150 °C), Cr (1500 °C), and Ti (1400 °C). During the SPS-consolidation process, investigations of the dilatometric characteristics of samples of starting powders of identical granulometric composition obtained by mixing/grinding resulting in the fractional composition in the particle size range up to 10 μm are presented. The mechanism of phase formation and microstructure of the obtained materials is investigated by XRD, SEM, and EDS. The possibility of synthesizing hard alloys WC – 10%Ti and WC – 10% Cr by the mechanism of reaction SPS synthesis with a reduction in the synthesis time in comparison with traditional sintering methods has been demonstrated. Analyses have shown that during sintering of alloys containing Ti and Cr the volume content of WC decreases to 47% because of dissolution and interaction, while in alloys containing Co, Ni, and Fe, the volume content of WC remains unchanged (85–86%). This led to a dramatic change in hardness, fracture toughness, and strength when replacing Co, Ni, or Fe with Ti or Cr.

Frequency dependences have been obtained for the real and imaginary parts and the absolute values of the components of the polarizability tensor of metal-oxide nanowires, as well as for the absorption and scattering cross-sections. The limiting cases of the ‘thick ” and “thin ” outer oxide layers are studied. Numerical calculations are performed for Al, Cu, and Ag wires coated with a corresponding oxide layer. The models where the dielectric constant of an oxide is either a constant or a function of the frequency are considered. In the last case, experimental frequency dependences of the refractive and extinction indices are used. The influence of the oxide layer thickness on the frequency dependences of the polarizability and the absorption and scattering cross-sections is analyzed. It is found that the presence of an oxide leads to a decrease in the frequency of surface plasmons in two-layer nanowires due to the influence of classical size effects., В роботi одержано спiввiдношення для частотних залежностей дiйсної й уявної частин та модуля компонентiв тензора поляризовностi, а також перерiзiв поглинання i розсiювання метал-оксидних нанодротiв. Дослiджено граничнi випадки “товстого” I “тонкого” зовнiшнього шару оксиду. Чисельнi розрахунки проведено для дротiв Al, Cu i Ag, вкритих шаром власного оксиду. Розглянуто випадки, коли дiелектрична проникнiсть оксиду є постiйною величиною або є функцiєю частоти. В останньому випадку для визначення цiєї залежностi було використано апроксимацiю експериментальних кривих частотних залежностей показникiв заломлення та екстинкцiї. Проаналiзовано вплив змiни товщини оксидного шару на поведiнку частотних залежностей поляризовностi i перерiзiв поглинання i розсiювання. Встановлено, що наявнiсть оксиду приводить до зменшення частоти поверхневих плазмонiв у двошарових нанодротах внаслiдок впливу класичних розмiрних ефектiв.

The sensitivity and basic electrical characteristics of the developed direct illumination matrices with charge-coupled devices and electronic multiplication were investigated at room temperatures and low illumination. Photomatrices of 576´288 and 640´512 format were designed using frame transfer architecture and 1.5-µm design rules with photosensitive cell sizes of 20´30 and 16´16 µm, respectively, and manufactured using n-channel technology with buried channel, four levels of polysilicon electrodes and two levels of metallization. To analyze the possibilities of the developed EMCCD matrices used in monitoring systems at low-light conditions, an experimental assessment of the matrices sensitivity was carried out. The assessment was based on a comparison of the luxmeter readings and Johnson's criteria using the standard 1951 USAF resolution target test table for the minimum size of line pairs distinguished by the observer (one pair consists of a dark and a light lines). The characteristics obtained with illumination of 5∙10–4 lux (glow of the starry sky with light clouds) and 10–2 lux (glow of the starry sky and the quarter of the Moon) corresponds to the parameters of generation 2+ electron-optical converters, which implies the possibility to use such matrices in night vision devices. At Åv ≈ 5∙10–4 lux, the camera with the developed EMCCD matrices will detect a human figure at the distance of about 200 m. With illumination of 10–2 lux at this distance a human figure can be identified.

Проаналізовано можливість використання розігріву біологічних тканин при збудженні поверхневих плазмонів у двошарових сферичних метал-графенових наночастинках для термодеструкції злоякісних новоутворень. Для визначення частотних залежностей діелектричної функції металевого ядра і провідності графенової оболонки використано моделі Друде і Кубо, відповідно, а розподіли температури в тканинах пухлини та оточуючих її здорових тканинах визначаються розв’язками неоднорідних рівнянь теплопровідності. Для чисельних оцінок і розрахунків використано відомі з літератури значення теплофізичних параметрів тканин пухлини і здорових тканин людини. Досліджено еволюцію частотних залежностей поляризовності і перерізів поглинання вказаних наночастинок при зміні радіусу і матеріалу металевого ядра і товщини графенової оболонки. Показано, що зі збільшенням радіусу металевого ядра або товщини графенової оболонки відбувається зростання максимальних значень уявної частини поляризовності і перерізу поглинання, що пов’язано з підсиленням взаємодії з електромагнітною хвилею зі збільшенням об’ємного вмісту металу у композитній наночастинці і високою концентрацією вільних електронів у графенових шарах. Продемонстровано можливість спектральних зсувів максимумів поляризовності і перерізу поглинання при зміні матеріалу ядра двошарової наночастинки внаслідок суттєвої різниці у значеннях частот об’ємних плазмонів і внеску іонного остову в діелектричну функцію. Встановлено, що теплопровідність в задачі про нагрівання біологічних тканин при збудженні поверхневого плазмонного резонансу у композитній наночастинці є квазістаціонарною. Доведено, що даний метод терапії раку є нешкідливим для здорових тканин, що оточують пухлину, внаслідок їх вкрай незначного нагрівання. Результати чисельного моделювання свідчать про необхідність застосування конгломерату метал-графенових наночастинок з метою підвищення ефективності терапії. The possibility of using heating of body tissue upon excitation of surface plasmons in two-layer spherical metal-graphene nanoparticles for thermal destruction of malignant neoplasms has been analyzed. Drude and Kubo models have been used to determine the frequency dependences of the dielectric function of the metal core and the conductivity of the graphene shell, respectively, and the distributions of temperatures in tumor tissue and surrounding healthy tissue have been determined by solutions of nonhomogeneous thermal conductivity equations. Values of thermophysical parameters of tumor tissue and healthy human tissue known from the literature have been used for numerical estimates and calculations. The evolution of the frequency dependences of the polarizability and absorption cross-sections of the indicated nanoparticles with the variation of the radius and material of the metal core and the thickness of the graphene shell has been studied. It has been shown that an increase in the radius of the metal core or thickness of the graphene shell results in an increase in the maximum values of the imaginary part of the polarizability and absorption cross-section, which is associated with increased interaction with the electromagnetic wave with increasing bulk metal content in the composite nanoparticle and with high concentration of free electrons in graphene layers. The possibility of spectral shifts of the polarizability maxima and the absorption cross-section with the variation of the core material of a two-layer nanoparticle, due to the essential difference in the values of the frequencies of bulk plasmons and the contribution of the ion core to the dielectric function, has been demonstrated. It has been established that the thermal conductivity is quasi-steady in the problem of heating of body tissue upon excitation of surface plasmon resonance in a composite nanoparticle. It has been proved that this method of cancer therapy is harmless to healthy tissue surrounding the tumor due to their extremely low heat. The results of numerical modeling demonstrate the need to use a conglomerate of metal-graphene nanoparticles in order to increase the effectiveness of therapy.

A sub-THz/THz radiation detector device based on Si-MOSFET has been presented. Si-MOSFET source and gate connected to an antenna serves as a detector element. Geometry of the Si-MOSFET antenna, principle of device operation, method of estimating the sensitivity and noise equivalent power (NEP) have been described. A removable system of aspheric lenses has been developed and made for this detector device, a measured point spread function of the system of aspheric lenses has been given at the frequency 140 GHz. The detector device has been tested at the same frequency; sensitivity and NEP of the detector device have been estimated and they are equal to S=2.8×105 V/W, NEP=4.3×10-10 W (Hz)-1/2, accordingly.

In terms of the model of stable jellium, self-consistent calculations of spatial distributions of electrons and potentials, as well as of energies of dissociation, cohesion, vacancy formation, electron attachment, and ionization potentials of solid clusters of Mg N , Li N (with N ≤ 254 ) and of clusters containing a vacancy (N ≥ 12) have been performed. The contribution of a monovacancy to the energy of the cluster and size dependences of its characteristics and of asymptotics have been discussed. Calculations have been performed using a SKIT-3 cluster at Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics, National Academy of Sciences, Ukraine (Rpeak = 7.4 Tflops).

Electron cooling is used for damping both transverse and longitudinal oscillations of heavy particle. The cooling of bunch ion beam (with RF voltage on) is important part of experiments with inner target, ion collision system, stacking and RF manipulation. The short length of an ion bunch increases the peak luminosity, gives a start-time point for using of the time-of-flight methods and obtains a short extraction beam pulse. This article describes the review of last experiments with electron cooling carried out on the CSRm, CSRe (China) and COSY (Germany) storage rings. The accumulated experience may be used for the project of electron cooler on 2.5 MeV (NICA) and 0.5 MeV HIAF for obtaining high luminosity, depressing beam-beam effects and RF manipulation.

Mechanochemical synthesis of titanium carbide via vibrational activation was limited by the carbon structural modifications resulting from pyrolysis of plant biomass and the ash content of natural graphite. Natural graphite and amorphous carbon modifications prepared from plant biomass were demonstrated to be promising for synthesizing titanium carbide with minimal sulfur contents.

A consistent procedure for determining the ionization potential of a large metal cluster of radius R N, v , consisting of N atoms and N v vacancies, is proposed. The perturbation theory in small parameters R v /R N, v and L v /R v (Rv and L v are average distance between vacancies and the length of electron scattering on vacancies, respectively) is constructed in the effective-medium approximation for the electron ground state energy. The effective vacancy potential profile, the electron scattering phase and length are calculated by the Kohn–Sham method for a macroscopic metal in the stable jelly model. The obtained analytical dependences can be useful to analyze the results of photoionization experiments and to determine the size dependence of the vacancy concentration, including that near the melting temperature.

The calculations of labor intensity and cost of prevention of dentoalveolar anomalies in children with premature loss of teeth using a removable plate with artificial teeth. The method of calculations is described in detail, the differentiated values of labor intensity and cost of different stages of production of the plate and its use are given. The complexity of manufacturing a removable plate with artificial teeth and the corresponding observation by an orthodontist doctor in the process of preventing deformation in a child with premature loss of temporary teeth is an average of 7.5 hours; direct labor costs of the doctor are 4.3 hours, dental technician-1.9 hours. The cost of production of the plate and subsequent treatment is 13 370 rubles, among which 80% is the remuneration of the main and auxiliary personnel with tax charges.

The article presents the results of the analysis of orthodontic status in 176 children 6-9 years with a removable bite in Moscow. The high prevalence of dentoalveolar anomalies among children with a removable bite in Moscow (73.9 %), including anomalies in the position of the teeth (67.0%) and the ratio of dental arches (67.6 %). Significant detection of premature loss of temporary teeth (17.0 %). In the structure of anomalies of the teeth position the crowding of the teeth (45,2 %) is most represented, and among the anomalies of the ratio of dental arches - distal and excessively deep bites (respectively 46,0 % and 21 %).

It was established that structure modifications of carbon, received resulting from pyrolysis plant material and ash of natural graphite are the limiting factors when implementing the mechanochemical synthesis of titanium carbide in a vibratory treatment. The shown prospects of using natural graphite and modifications of the structure amorphous carbon, made from vegetable raw materials for the synthesis of titanium carbide with a minimum sulfur content. Ill. 6. Ref. 12. Tab. 1.

During long-term operation heat-resistant ferrite and martensitic steel welds have type IV cracking in a so-called ‘soft layer’, which contains part of fine grain region and inter-critical region of heat-aff ected zone (HAZ). The rupture of dissimilar welds occurs in the carbonless soft layer near fusion line. Therefore the strength reduction factor of welds decreases significantly with increasing lifetime and operating temperature. Based on experimental investigations the design model is constructed to predict the welds strength reduction coefficient at the design stage, taking into account different structural and technological factors, also changes creep and fracture mechanisms. Creep strength tests of martensitic steel P91 welds and dissimilar welds P91 + Cr-Mo-V steel were performed at temperature of 620°С. The HAZ metal investigation was performed after the thermal welding cycle simulation at the «IMETCKTI» and «Gleeble-3800» units. In addition, numerical modeling was carried out, using the Kachanov-Rabotnov constitutive equations, taking into account the three stages of creep, the influence of complex stress state, changes creep and fracture mechanisms. Based on the calculation results, the life time of P91 welds depends from the soft layer relative width and the creep rate ratio the base metal vs. the soft layer metal. A quantitative evaluation of the dissimilar welds creep strength is obtained using a sample model with two soft layers. Both have the same properties corresponding to the weakened region HAZ metal of the similar weld. According to the calculation results, the dissimilar welded samples rupture location moves to carbonless zone at lower stress level. Calculation results have good agreement with the experimental data. The obtained dependences are in good agreement with the theoretical and experimental studies of L. M. Kachanov, D. R. Hayhurst, V. N. Zemzin, R. Z. Schron et al.

Electron multiplication charge coupled devices (EMCCD) technology is an innovation first introduced slightly more than a decade ago. The EMCCD is an image sensor that is capable of detecting an isolated photon without an image intensifier. It is achieved by electron multiplication circuit that is built in the chip of ordinary CCD. Cameras with EMCCD arrays overcome limitations of getting high sensitivity with high frame rate. Traditional CCD cameras can be highly sensitive in the visible part of spectrum but at the expense of low frame rate. EMCCD can operate at very faint illumination conditions both in visible and near infrared regions. The paper presents a short technological description of EMCCD 640×512 arrays manufacturing and some parameters of the arrays that were designed and manufactured. It was shown that multiplication coefficient depends much on applied amplification voltage and can achieve 1000. Also it is shown that images can be obtained at low illumination conditions (illumination at EMCCD is near 5∙10–4 lx).

Structure of carbon modifications, obtained via pyrolysis of vegetable feed, and ash content of natural graphite are crucial factors during mechanochemical synthesis of titanium carbide under vibratory conditions. The possibility of synthesis of titanium carbide with minimal sulfur content has been shown.

Demonstrated the possibility of using multiwalled carbon nanotubes formed by means of mechanical activation of amorphous carbon for the stimulation of crop growth. By the example of pepper cultivar Golden Rain and tomato cultivar Bull Heart showed the efficacy of introducing microadditives in the form of carbon nanotubes to the ground.

According to the agreement, the electron cooling system for the NICA booster should be commissioned in late 2015. The degree of completion of various units and components of the installation as of September 2015 is characterized in the present report. Part of the report is devoted to discussing the performance parameters of the installation and the engineering solutions that had to be implemented to achieve such parameters.

The vacancy contribution to the work functions of electrons and positrons is demonstrated within our previously proposed models by the example of Al. Physical states of affairs in which the vacancy effect can manifest itself are considered.

Stages of multilayer carbon nanotube formation are studied during mechanical activation of amorphous carbon prepared by pyrolysis from plant raw material. It is shown that prolonged mechanical activation of a carbon composite in a vario-planetary mill (>36 h) leads to formation of aggregates and loss of nanotube thermal stability.

Production aspects are provided for manufacturing sintered tungsten-cobalt alloy VK8 based on tungsten carbide prepared by mechanochemical synthesis. It is shown that experimental alloy VK8 physicomechanical, and operating properties significantly exceed those of commercial grade hard alloy, which opens up possibilities for its use in preparing cutting, drilling, and also stamping tools operating under dynamic conditions.

The mechanism of dispersion of metals in the presence of high molecular compounds is shown on the example of grinding high speed R6M5 steel swarf. It was shown that metal pulverization is more energetically favorable in the presence of a mechanically degradable polymer than in the presence of low-molecular weight surfactants.