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1. Self-absorption corrections in gamma-ray spectrometry applied to NORM industrial samples

Author

Mantero, Juan, Vidmar, T., Hurtado-Bermúdez, Santiago, and García-Tenorio, R.

Abstract

Resumen del póster presentado a la "3rd International Conference on Radioecology and Environmental Radioactivity" celebrada en Barcelona (España) del 7 al 12 de septiembre de 2014., High resolution gamma spectrometry is a versatile non-destructive radiometric technique that makes simultaneous determination of several radionuclides possible with little sample preparation. However, application of self-absorption corrections is a must, especially in the low energy range, if one hopes to obtain correct values of activity concentrations. Usually, NORM samples feature a wide variety of densities and composition, as opposed to the standards used in efficiency calibration, which are often water-based solutions. For that reason self-absorption effects must be considered individually in every sample. In this work an experimental and a semi-empirical method of self-absorption correction were applied to NORM samples and compared with each other in order to establish best practice in relation to the circumstances of an individual laboratory. Following the experimental methodology, transmission measurements of absorption factors with point sources were carried out, while the semi-experimental methodology involved the application of the EFFTRAN code, based on the 'efficiency transfer' principle. Both methods were validated by applying them to a set of spiked NORM matrices coming from the TiO2 industry located in the south-west of Spain in order to determine the flow of several radionuclides from the Uranium and Thorium series though the production process. The main advantages and disadvantages of the two approaches used are highlighted, focusing on the low energy range (46-200 keV). EFFTRAN qualities are its ease of use, its short-run time and good performance with samples of a well-known composition, while the transmission technique can be applied almost under any circumstances, providing that a suitable set of point sources covering the energy range of interest is at hand.

Published
2014

2. Effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors in reducing mortality in patients admitted to hospital with influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection: a meta-analysis of individual participant data

Author

Muthuri, SG, Venkatesan, S, Myles, PR, Leonardi-Bee, J, Al Khuwaitir, TSA, Al Mamun, A, Anovadiya, AP, Azziz-Baumgartner, E, Báez, C, Bassetti, M, Beovic, B, Bertisch, B, Bonmarin, I, Booy, R, Borja-Aburto, VH, Burgmann, H, Cao, B, Carratala, J, Denholm, JT, Dominguez, SR, Duarte, PAD, Dubnov-Raz, G, Echavarria, M, Fanella, S, Gao, Z, Gérardin, P, Giannella, M, Gubbels, S, Herberg, J, Higuera Iglesias, AL, Hoger, PH, Hu, X, Islam, QT, Jiménez, MF, Kandeel, A, Keijzers, G, Khalili, H, Knight, M, Kudo, K, Kusznierz, G, Kuzman, I, Kwan, AMC, Amine, IL, Langenegger, E, Lankarani, KB, Leo, Y-S, Linko, R, Liu, P, Madanat, F, Mayo-Montero, E, McGeer, A, Memish, Z, Metan, G, Mickiene, A, Mikic, D, Mohn, KGI, Moradi, A, Nymadawa, P, Oliva, ME, Ozkan, M, Parekh, D, Paul, M, Polack, FP, Rath, BA, Rodríguez, AH, Sarrouf, EB, Seale, AC, Sertogullarindan, B, Siqueira, MM, Skret-Magierlo, J, Stephan, F, Talarek, E, Tang, JW, To, KKW, Torres, A, Törün, SH, Tran, D, Uyeki, TM, van Zwol, A, Vaudry, W, Vidmar, T, Yokota, RTC, Zarogoulidis, P, Nguyen-van-Tam, JS, Aguiar-Oliveira, ML, Al Masri, M, Amin, R, Araújo, WN, Ballester-Orcal, E, Bantar, C, Bao, J, Barhoush, MM, Basher, A, Bautista, E, Bettinger, J, Bingisser, R, Bouza, E, Bozkurt, I, Celjuska-Tošev, E, Chan, KKC, Chen, Y, Chinbayar, T, Cilloniz, C, Cox, RJ, Cuezzo, MR, Cui, W, Dashti-Khavidaki, S, du, B, El Rhaffouli, H, Escobar, H, Florek-Michalska, A, Fraser, J, Gerrard, J, Gormley, S, Götberg, S, Hoffmann, M, Honarvar, B, Hu, J, Kemen, C, Khandaker, G, Koay, KSC, Kojic, M, Kyaw, WM, Leibovici, L, Li, H, Li, X-L, Libster, R, Loh, TP, Macbeth, D, Maltezos, E, Manabe, T, Marcone, DN, Marczynska, M, Mastalir, FP, Moghadami, M, Moriconi, L, Ozbay, B, Pečavar, B, Poeppl, W, Poliquin, PG, Rahman, M, Rascon-Pacheco, A, Refaey, S, Schweiger, B, Smith, FG, Somer, A, Souza, TML, Tabarsi, P, Tripathi, CB, Velyvyte, D, Viasus, D, Yu, Q, Yuen, K-Y, Zhang, W, Zuo, W, Pediatric surgery, CCA - Innovative therapy, Muthuri, Stella G., Venkatesan, Sudhir, Myles, Puja R., Leonardi-Bee, Jo, Al Khuwaitir, Tarig S. A., Al Mamun, Adbullah, Anovadiya, Ashish P., Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, Báez, Clarisa, Bassetti, Matteo, Beovic, Bojana, Bertisch, Barbara, Bonmarin, Isabelle, Booy, Robert, Borja-Aburto, Victor H., Burgmann, Heinz, Cao, Bin, Carratala, Jordi, Denholm, Justin T., Dominguez, Samuel R., Duarte, Pericles A.D., Dubnov-Raz, Gal, Echavarria, Marcela, Fanella, Sergio, Gao, Zhancheng, Gérardin, Patrick, Giannella, Maddalena, Gubbels, Sophie, Herberg, Jethro, Higuera Iglesias, Anjarath L., Hoger, Peter H., Hu, Xiaoyun, Islam, Quazi T., Jiménez, Mirela F., Kandeel, Amr, Keijzers, Gerben, Khalili, Hossein, Knight, Marian, Kudo, Koichiro, Kusznierz, Gabriela, Kuzman, Ilija, Kwan, Arthur M. C., Amine, Idriss Lahlou, Langenegger, Eduard, Lankarani, Kamran B., Leo, Yee-Sin, Linko, Rita, Liu, Pei, Madanat, Fari, Mayo-Montero, Elga, Mcgeer, Allison, Memish, Ziad, Metan, Gokhan, Mickiene, Aukse, Mikic, Dragan, Mohn, Kristin G.I., Moradi, Ahmadreza, Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn, Oliva, Maria E., Ozkan, Mehpare, Parekh, Dhruv, Paul, Mical, Polack, Fernando P., Rath, Barbara A., Rodríguez, Alejandro H., Sarrouf, Elena B., Seale, Anna C., Sertogullarindan, Bunyamin, Siqueira, Marilda M., Skret-Magierlo, Joanna, Stephan, Frank, Talarek, Ewa, Tang, Julian W., To, Kelvin K.W., Torres, Antoni, Törün, Selda H., Tran, Dat, Uyeki, Timothy M., van Zwol, Annelie, Vaudry, Wendy, Vidmar, Tjasa, Yokota, Renata T.C., Zarogoulidis, Paul, Nguyen-van-Tam, Jonathan S, Aguiar-Oliveira, Maria de Lourde, Al Masri, Malakita, Amin, Robed, Araújo, Wildo N., Ballester-Orcal, Elena, Bantar, Carlo, Bao, Jing, Barhoush, Mazen M., Basher, Ariful, Bautista, Edgar, Bettinger, Julie, Bingisser, Roland, Bouza, Emilio, Bozkurt, Ilkay, Celjuska-Tošev, Elvira, Chan, Kenny K.C., Chen, Yusheng, Chinbayar, Tserendorj, Cilloniz, Catia, Cox, Rebecca J., Cuezzo, María R., Cui, Wei, Dashti-Khavidaki, Simin, Du, Bin, El Rhaffouli, Hicham, Escobar, Hernan, Florek-Michalska, Agnieszka, Fraser, Jame, Gerrard, John, Gormley, Stuart, Götberg, Sandra, Hoffmann, Matthia, Honarvar, Behnam, Hu, Jianmin, Kemen, Christoph, Khandaker, Gulam, Koay, Evelyn S. C., Kojic, Miroslav, Kyaw, Win M., Leibovici, Leonard, Li, Hongru, Li, Xiao-Li, Libster, Romina, Loh, Tze P., Macbeth, Deborough, Maltezos, Efstratio, Manabe, Toshie, Marcone, Débora N., Marczynska, Magdalena, Mastalir, Fabiane P., Moghadami, Mohsen, Moriconi, Lilian, Ozbay, Bulent, Pečavar, Blaž, Poeppl, Wolfgang, Poliquin, Philippe G., Rahman, Mahmudur, Rascon-Pacheco, Alberto, Refaey, Samir, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Smith, Fang G., Somer, Ayper, Souza, Thiago M. L., Tabarsi, Payam, Tripathi, Chandrabhanu B., Velyvyte, Daiva, Viasus, Diego, Yu, Qin, Yuen, Kwok-Yung, Zhang, Wei, and Zuo, Wei

Subjects
Male, ANTIVIRAL TREATMENT, IMPACT, Respiratory System, CHILDREN, Neuraminidase inhibitors, Pandemic influenza, Mortality, Meta-analysis, medicine.disease_cause, THERAPY, chemistry.chemical_compound, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, 0302 clinical medicine, Pandemic, Influenza A Virus, Influenza A virus, Zanamivir, 030212 general & internal medicine, Enzyme Inhibitors, Child, OUTCOMES, 0303 health sciences, biology, Neuraminidase inhibitor, Medicine (all), virus diseases, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Hospitalization, Treatment Outcome, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Adolescent, Adult, Antiviral Agents, Humans, Influenza, Human, Neuraminidase, Oseltamivir, Proportional Hazards Models, Young Adult, Pandemics, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Human, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, PANDEMIC INFLUENZA, Article, PRIDE Consortium Investigators, 03 medical and health sciences, Critical Care Medicine, General & Internal Medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, H1N1 Subtype, Intensive care medicine, Science & Technology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION, ADULTS, Odds ratio, Influenza, chemistry, RISK-FACTORS, biology.protein, business
Abstract

Background: Neuraminidase inhibitors were widely used during the 2009-10 influenza A H1N1 pandemic, but evidence for their effectiveness in reducing mortality is uncertain. We did a meta-analysis of individual participant data to investigate the association between use of neuraminidase inhibitors and mortality in patients admitted to hospital with pandemic influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection. Methods: We assembled data for patients (all ages) admitted to hospital worldwide with laboratory confirmed or clinically diagnosed pandemic influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection. We identified potential data contributors from an earlier systematic review of reported studies addressing the same research question. In our systematic review, eligible studies were done between March 1, 2009 (Mexico), or April 1, 2009 (rest of the world), until the WHO declaration of the end of the pandemic (Aug 10, 2010); however, we continued to receive data up to March 14, 2011, from ongoing studies. We did a meta-analysis of individual participant data to assess the association between neuraminidase inhibitor treatment and mortality (primary outcome), adjusting for both treatment propensity and potential confounders, using generalised linear mixed modelling. We assessed the association with time to treatment using time-dependent Cox regression shared frailty modelling. Findings: We included data for 29234 patients from 78 studies of patients admitted to hospital between Jan 2, 2009, and March 14, 2011. Compared with no treatment, neuraminidase inhibitor treatment (irrespective of timing) was associated with a reduction in mortality risk (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0·81; 95% CI 0·70-0·93; p=0·0024). Compared with later treatment, early treatment (within 2 days of symptom onset) was associated with a reduction in mortality risk (adjusted OR 0·48; 95% CI 0·41-0·56; p

Published
2014

3. In-situ cross calibration method for alpha particle loss diagnostics at JET

Author

Bonheure, G., Thun, C. P., Reich, M., Jachmich, S., Murari, A., Pinches, S. D., Mlynar, J., Hult, M., Arnold, D., Dombrowski, H., Laubenstein, M., Wieslander, E., Vidmar, T., Vermaercke, P., Cecil, F. E., Cecconelo, M., Craciunescu, T., Darrow, D., Lerche, E., Tardocchi, M., Eester, D., Salmi, A., manuel garcia-munoz, Yavorskij, V., Popovichev, S., and Koslowski, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, respiratory system, equipment and supplies, human activities, complex mixtures, circulatory and respiratory physiology
Abstract

In-situ cross calibration method for alpha particle loss diagnostics at JET.

4. Neuraminidase Inhibitors and Hospital Length of Stay: A Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data to Determine Treatment Effectiveness Among Patients Hospitalized With Nonfatal 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Virus Infection

Author

Venkatesan, Sudhir, Myles, Puja R, Bolton, Kirsty J, Muthuri, Stella G, Al Khuwaitir, Tarig, Anovadiya, Ashish P, Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, Bajjou, Tahar, Bassetti, Matteo, Beovic, Bojana, Bertisch, Barbara, Bonmarin, Isabelle, Booy, Robert, Borja-Aburto, Victor H, Burgmann, Heinz, Cao, Bin, Carratala, Jordi, Chinbayar, Tserendorj, Cilloniz, Catia, Denholm, Justin T, Dominguez, Samuel R, Duarte, Pericles A D, Dubnov-Raz, Gal, Fanella, Sergio, Gao, Zhancheng, Gérardin, Patrick, Giannella, Maddalena, Gubbels, Sophie, Herberg, Jethro, Higuera Iglesias, Anjarath Lorena, Hoeger, Peter H, Hu, Xiao Yun, Islam, Quazi T, Jiménez, Mirela F, Keijzers, Gerben, Khalili, Hossein, Kusznierz, Gabriela, Kuzman, Ilija, Langenegger, Eduard, Lankarani, Kamran B, Leo, Yee-Sin, Libster, Romina P, Linko, Rita, Madanat, Faris, Maltezos, Efstratios, Mamun, Abdullah, Manabe, Toshie, Metan, Gokhan, Mickiene, Auksė, Mikić, Dragan, Mohn, Kristin G I, Oliva, Maria E, Ozkan, Mehpare, Parekh, Dhruv, Paul, Mical, Rath, Barbara A, Refaey, Samir, Rodríguez, Alejandro H, Sertogullarindan, Bunyamin, Skręt-Magierło, Joanna, Somer, Ayper, Talarek, Ewa, Tang, Julian W, To, Kelvin, Tran, Dat, Uyeki, Timothy M, Vaudry, Wendy, Vidmar, Tjasa, Zarogoulidis, Paul, Nguyen-Van-Tam, Jonathan S, PRIDE Consortium Investigators, Imperial College London, HUS Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Clinicum, Venkatesan S., Myles P.R., Bolton K.J., Muthuri S.G., Al Khuwaitir T., Anovadiya A.P., Azziz-Baumgartner E., Bajjou T., Bassetti M., Beovic B., Bertisch B., Bonmarin I., Booy R., Borja-Aburto V.H., Burgmann H., Cao B., Carratala J., Chinbayar T., Cilloniz C., Denholm J.T., Dominguez S.R., Duarte P.A.D., Dubnov-Raz G., Fanella S., Gao Z., Gerardin P., Giannella M., Gubbels S., Herberg J., Higuera Iglesias A.L., Hoeger P.H., Hu X.Y., Islam Q.T., Jimenez M.F., Keijzers G., Khalili H., Kusznierz G., Kuzman I., Langenegger E., Lankarani K.B., Leo Y.-S., Libster R.P., Linko R., Madanat F., Maltezos E., Mamun A., Manabe T., Metan G., Mickiene A., Mikic D., Mohn K.G.I., Oliva M.E., Ozkan M., Parekh D., Paul M., Rath B.A., Refaey S., Rodriguez A.H., Sertogullarindan B., Skret-Magierlo J., Somer A., Talarek E., Tang J.W., To K., Tran D., Uyeki T.M., Vaudry W., Vidmar T., Zarogoulidis P., and Nguyen-Van-Tam J.S.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, pandemic influenza, OSELTAMIVIR TREATMENT, IMPACT, Neuraminidase/antagonists & inhibitors, CHILDREN, medicine.disease_cause, 0302 clinical medicine, antivirals, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, IPD meta-analysi, Influenza A virus, Immunology and Allergy, 030212 general & internal medicine, IPD meta-analysis, Young adult, Enzyme Inhibitors, Child, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, RISK, 11832 Microbiology and virology, Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use, OUTCOMES, COMPLICATIONS, biology, Neuraminidase inhibitor, Enzyme inhibitors, Middle Aged, Antivirals, antiviral, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, Meta-analysis, Cohort, Viruses, Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Female, Pandemic influenza, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, medicine.drug_class, 030106 microbiology, IPD meta-analysis, Neuraminidase inhibitors, antivirals, length of stay, pandemic influenza, Neuraminidase, Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use, Microbiology, Antiviral Agents, PRIDE Consortium Investigators, Grip, 03 medical and health sciences, Major Articles and Brief Reports, Young Adult, Pharmacotherapy, Internal medicine, Influenza, Human, medicine, Humans, COHORT, Pandemics, ddc:613, Aged, Neuraminidase inhibitors, business.industry, CLINICAL-FEATURES, ADULTS, 06 Biological Sciences, Influenza, Human/drug therapy/epidemiology, Length of Stay, Confidence interval, Influenza, Editor's Choice, Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use, Inhibidors enzimàtics, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, biology.protein, business, RESISTANCE
Abstract

Background The effect of neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) treatment on length of stay (LoS) in patients hospitalized with influenza is unclear. Methods We conducted a one-stage individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis exploring the association between NAI treatment and LoS in patients hospitalized with 2009 influenza A(H1N1) virus (A[H1N1]pdm09) infection. Using mixed-effects negative binomial regression and adjusting for the propensity to receive NAI, antibiotic, and corticosteroid treatment, we calculated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Patients with a LoS of, We found that neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) treatment initiated on hospital admission to patients with clinically diagnosed or laboratory-confirmed A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection was associated with a reduction in hospital length of stay when compared to later or no NAI treatment.

Published
2018

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