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A smart self-calibrated reversible fluorescent probe Nu-GSH has provided GSH dynamics in the nucleus. The temporal fluctuation of the nuclear GSH reciprocated the depletion of the S-phase in the cell cycle process.

Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histopathological type of head and neck cancer; it often spreads to and involves the cervical lymph nodes. The tumorigenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a multistep process mediated by various transcription factors involved in progression and metastasis. Alterations in transcription factors such as FOSL1, YY1, FOXD1 and NF-κB have been associated with increased cell proliferation, cell migration and poor survival rates in patients with HNSCC. Stimulation of the NF-κB pathway results in transcriptional activation of other target genes associated with cell survival and proliferation. Understanding these molecular mechanisms will helps us develop new treatment strategies that target these transcription factors and may eventually decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with HNSCC.

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a viral disease and mainly infects infants and young children below five years of age. It’s caused by Enterovirus, most commonly the Coxsackie virus. The viruses that cause HFMD spread through close personal contact, through the air from coughing and the faeces of an infected person. This viral infection is not indigenous to one area in particular but occurs worldwide. The symptoms mainly include fever, sore throat, feeling sick, painful, blister-like lesions on the tongue, gums and inside of the cheeks, a rash on the palms, soles and sometimes the buttocks. Molecular testing is done based on the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Cases of HFMD are on the rise and clinicians need to know how to make the diagnosis. The majority of patients with coxsackievirus- induced hand, foot, and mouth disease are treated usually as outpatients, but those who have CNS involvement may require admission for close monitoring. Most patients with HFMD fully recover within 7-21 days.

Background: Severe hypertriglyceridemia is often caused by variants in genes of triglyceride metabolism. These variants include rare, heterozygous pathogenic variants (PVs), or multiple common, small-effect single nucleotide polymorphisms that can be quantified using a polygenic risk score (PRS). The role of genetic testing to examine PVs and PRS in predicting risk for pancreatitis and severity of hypertriglyceridemia is unknown. Methods: We examined the relationship of PVs and PRSs associated with hypertriglyceridemia with the highest recorded plasma triglyceride level and risk for acute pancreatitis in 363 patients from 3 academic lipid clinics who underwent genetic testing (GBinsight’s Dyslipidemia Comprehensive Panel). Categories of hypertriglyceridemia included: normal triglyceride ( Results: PVs and high PRSs were identified in 37 (10%) and 59 (16%) individuals, respectively. Patients with both had increased risk for very severe hypertriglyceridemia compared with those with neither genetic risk factor. Risk for acute pancreatitis was also increased in individuals with both genetic risk factors (odds ratio, 5.1 [ P =0.02] after controlling for age, race, sex, body mass index, and highest triglyceride level), but not in individuals with PV or high PRS alone. Conclusions: The presence of both PV and high PRS significantly increased risk for very severe hypertriglyceridemia and acute pancreatitis, whereas PV or PRS alone only modestly increased risk. Genetic testing may help identify patients with hypertriglyceridemia who have the greatest risk for developing pancreatitis and may derive the greatest benefit from novel triglyceride-lowering therapies.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) plays a vital role in cellular processes and its contribution to physical and immunological barriers is considered to be an important property for the formulation of modern therapeutics. With the increasing demand for non-toxic and targeted therapy, HA-based materials could be utilized for biomedical applications due to their tendency to bio-mimic the hosts. Moreover, HA is a versatile compound in the fabrication of HA-based products such as hydrogels, nanofibers, and 3D materials. These have been implemented in various medical fields, such as bone and tissue regeneration, topical gels for wound healing, and cancer treatment via HA-loaded drug delivery approaches. Herein, we have discussed the characteristics of HA and its significance in drug delivery in addition to synergistic effects with other therapeutic compounds in the fields of nanomedicine, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.

The Health Care Maintenance System is designed for any Hospital to replace their existing manual paper-based system. The new system is to operate the following information; patient information, employees information, accounts, inventory, medical reports, laboratory and employee payrolls. These services are to be provided in an efficient, cost-effective manner, with the goal of reducing the time and resources currently required for such tasks. It aims at standardizing data, consolidating data, ensuring data integrity and reducing inconsistencies.Evidently, this project contains an admin panel with an employee/doctor panel. In an overview of this web application, a doctor can simply log into the system using his/her doctor id and password. He/she can manage patients, pharmacy, and laboratory records. Additionally, the employee/doctor can view and manage inventories too. This project uses PHP as the front-end software which is object-oriented programming and has connectivity with MySQL. Additionally, XAMPP is a free cross platform web server which help developers to create and test their programs on a local web server.

Rutin (RUT) is a flavonoid obtained from a natural source and is reported for antithrombotic potential, but its delivery remains challenging because of its poor solubility and bioavailability. In this research, we have fabricated novel rutin loaded liposomes (RUT-LIPO, nontargeted), liposomes conjugated with RGD peptide (RGD-RUT-LIPO, targeted), and abciximab (ABX-RUT-LIPO, targeted) by ethanol injection method. The particle size, ζ potential, and morphology of prepared liposomes were analyzed by using DLS, SEM, and TEM techniques. The conjugation of targeting moiety on the surface of targeted liposomes was confirmed by XPS analysis and Bradford assay.

The COVID 19 virus can leave long-lasting, lingering side effects even after the viral load has depleted. Most of the people they get better within few weeks. But in some people, especially those who got critically ill, needed to stay in the ICU, be put on a ventilator, or have other types of breathing support, in them the virus can impact many vital organs of the body, either directly or sometimes very badly hamper immune response. So, special precautions, some tests and scans might be worth taking it. Our study adds some novelty about the identification of effective biomarkers of progressive disease, and which might be helpful for diagnosis, prevention of complications, and effective therapy.

Chudamani is one of the inconspicuous writers in Indian literature who is gradually gaining prominence in the recent past. Chudamani’s works are powerful and sensitive unveiling the reality of human beings in society and their psychological aspects. This research article aims to analyse a novella and three short stories of R. Chudamani and inquires about the human emotions especially fear portrayed in those stories. The major focus of the article is on the novella, Yamini, and the minor focus is on the three short stories: “A Knock at the Door”, “The Strands of the Void” and “Drought”. Yamini is the story of a girl Yamini, who is forced into the institution of marriage. “A Knock at the Door” is the narrative of two widows who safeguard their sister’s son from his father. “The Strands of the Void” explores the system of dowry in Indian society. “Drought” is the story of a married woman who tries to escape from the torments of her husband. This paper also scrutinizes the fear in the protagonists and the central characters in the above works. It also inspects how fear transmogrifies the characters in different situations.

Tweetable abstract Zinc finger proteins control the transcription of downstream genes that are implicated in migration, invasion, cell death and proliferation. More mechanistic research on ZNF582 is needed to ascertain how this protein's methylation regulates the inflammatory pathway in oral cancer.

Kerala has made significant contribution to Ayurvedic literature. The traditional medical knowledge, gained from years of critical observations and clinical experiences has been documented by the great physicians. The medical literature of Kerala can be classified as, commentaries of the original texts as well as independent works based on these texts, compilation works by details of Oushada yogas and Kriyakramas from the Vaidyas. The text book of regional literature are rich source of information’s like formulations and treatment modalities based on geographical, climatic and cultural situations of various regions, based on their thoughts and lifestyle. The text Arogya chandrika athava kudumba vaidyan written by Sri Swami Sachidananda is an important work both from medical and poetic merits. The book was written in Malayalam language because it is specially meant for the native physicians of Kerala. It is a user– friendly text for the guidance of students and physicians. The uniqueness of the text is that it has mentioned simple and potential treatments for common diseases. The text is enriched with grammatical styles like Vritha. The text addresses the preventive as well as curative concept of Ayurvedic thoughts. Arogya chandrika athava kudumba vaidyan can be considered as an important contribution from Kerala’s regional literature to the Ayurveda community. The present paper is to critically analyze the subject matter of the text Arogya chandrika athava kudumba vaidyan. This will definitely enrich the literary data base of Ayurveda.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a spectrum of liver pathology with different clinical prognoses; from the simple accumulation of triglycerides within hepatocytes (simple steatosis) to more progressive steatosis with associated hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and in some cases hepatocellular carcinoma. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver injury across the world. It is also strongly related to other pathological conditions, including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and symptoms of metabolic syndrome. Ayurveda also vividly describes Liver Diseases in the context of Kamala (jaundice) and Yakrit Roga (liver diseases) in different classical texts. It can be interpreted as a Santharpanotha Vyadhi (disease which caused by taking excessive nourishing diet) with vitiation of Kapha and Medas, getting Sthanasamsraya in Yakrit (liver) which is Rakthavaha-srothomoola and Pithasthana (location of body humour Pitha). This review will give a better knowledge of etiopathogenesis, as well as a therapeutic method for managing patients by breaking the pathogenesis chain. In this section, we explore the etiology and consequences of NAFLD, along with the therapeutic treatment to this prevalent condition.

Nutritional overload in the form of high-fat and nonglycolysis sugar intake contributes towards the accelerated creation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Glucose absorption and its subsequent oxidation processes in fat and muscle tissues alter as a consequence of these modifications. Insulin resistance (IR) caused glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation to encounter a challenge that manifested itself as changes in glycolytic pathways and insulin signaling. We previously found that beta (β)-sitosterol reduces IR in fat tissue via IRS-1/PI3K/Akt facilitated signaling due to its hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic activity. The intention of this research was to see whether the phytosterol β-sitosterol can aid in the translocation of GLUT4 in rats fed on high-fat diet (HFD) and sucrose by promoting Rab/IRAP/Munc 18 signaling molecules. The rats were labeled into four groups, namely control rats, HFD and sucrose-induced diabetic control rats, HFD and sucrose-induced diabetic rats given oral dose of 20 mg/kg body wt./day of β-sitosterol treatment for 30 days, and HFD and sucrose-induced diabetic animals given oral administration of 50 mg/kg body wt./day metformin for 30 days. Diabetic rats administered with β-sitosterol and normalized the titers of blood glucose, serum insulin, serum testosterone, and the status of insulin tolerance and oral glucose tolerance. In comparison with the control group, β-sitosterol effectively regulated both glycolytic and gluconeogenesis enzymes. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis of the mRNA levels of key regulatory genes such as SNAP23, VAMP-2, syntaxin-4, IRAP, vimentin, and SPARC revealed that β-sitosterol significantly regulated the mRNA levels of the above genes in diabetic gastrocnemius muscle. Protein expression analysis of Rab10, IRAP, vimentin, and GLUT4 demonstrated that β-sitosterol had a positive effect on these proteins, resulting in effective GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle. According to the findings, β-sitosterol reduced HFD and sucrose-induced IR and augmented GLUT4 translocation in gastrocnemius muscle through insulin signaling modulation via Rab/IRAP/Munc 18 and glucose metabolic enzymes. The present work is the first of its kind to show that β-sitosterol facilitates GLUT4 vesicle fusion on the plasma membrane via Rab/IRAP/Munc 18 signaling molecules in gastrocnemius muscle.

Tuberculosis is a contagious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, leading to increased mortality and morbidity. Although many new diagnostic tests and treatments have emerged for TB, there is still a big question as to why it is not ending. The disease roots easily due to many confounding factors such as patient noncompliance, development of ADR during treatment and the evolution of drug resistance. The drugs used in treatment have a higher proportion of side effects. The majority patients required treatment modification due to ADRs. The proper identification, reporting, management, or prevention can increase compliance and positive outcomes of therapy. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Tuberculosis Treatment, Tuberculosis drugs, ADR management, Drug-resistant Tuberculosis.

Background: Emergence agitation (EA) was described at rst by Eckenhoff et al in the early 1960s. EA has been described as a dissociated state of consciousness in which the child is inconsolable, irritable, uncooperative, typically thrashing, crying, moaning or incoherent. Although EA is usually self-limited and occurs within the rst 30-minutes of recovery in PACU, but it can last up to 2 days and lead to physical damage, disconnection of intravenous catheters, removing of dressing or drainage tube and monitoring devices. Although, numerous medications have been studied to prevent or reduce EA in children, no special preventive method has been shown to be highly superior. Aims and objectives: The aim of this study is to compare the emergence characters of Desurane with Halothane. The primary objective is to compare the Emergence characters using PAED (Pediatric Anaesthesia Emergence Delirium) score. The secondary objective is : 1) To compare the recovery characters(Time to recover) using Steward Recovery Scores. 2) To compare the PACU discharge criteria meeting time with Modied Aldrete Score. 3) To assess post operative Pain, nausea, vomiting, shivering. Materials and Methods: This Randomized interventional study (single blinded) was conducted in Institute of child health and hospital for children, egmore from October 2019 to December 2019. 70 Pediatric patients based on the parent article, Comparison of Emergence and Recovery characteristics of Sevourane, Desurane, and Halothane in Pediatric Patients undergoing General Anaesthesia, authored by Welborn ,Hannallallah Published AnesthAnalg. 1996 Nov;83(5):917-20. Result: Recovery time, Emergence Agitation, Time to reach discharge criteria and post operative complications were compared. Post anaesthesia Emergence Agitation was higher in Desurane group compared to Halothane group which was statistically signicant. Desurane resulted in faster recovery, early Emergence than Halothane which was statistically signicant. This is due the fact that Desurane has very low Blood Gas Solubility index which results in rapid emergence and thus Emergence Agitation. Though time to reach discharge criteria was not much prolonged in Halothane group, study showed statistically signicant difference between two groups. Post operative complications is not statistically signicant between two groups. Conclusion: In our study Post anaesthesia Emergence Agitation was signicantly higher in Desurane group compared to Halothane group. Desurane anaesthesia resulted in rapid Emergence, early recovery compared to Halothane anaesthesia .

The utilization of industrial wastes has been the hub of squander minimization research for environmental, economic and technical reasons. Bagasse is an off-shoot from sugar industries, which is ignited to develop the power needed for numerous activities in the factory. Its high pozzolanic property and the presence of alumina and silica content can enrich the properties of concrete. Metakaolin is a primitive output accomplished by calcinating kaolin clay inside a temperature sort of 650 to 800°C utilized to produce materials with lower porosity, greater strength, denser microstructure, greater resistance to ions improved durability. An experimental investigation has been done on blended concrete with a combined effect of Bagasse ash (B), and Metakaolin (M) with percentages 10%+2.5%, 20%+5%, 30%+7.5%, and 40%+10%, which are designated as B1M1, B2M2, B3M3, and B4M4 respectively were incorporated in Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). The fresh (workability) and hardened properties (Splitting tensile and compressive strength) of concrete were compared to Control Concrete (CC) and also checked the contrast of non-destructive strength values over destructive testing.

Nano-based drug delivery systems have shown several advantages in cancer treatment like specific targeting of cancer cells, good pharmacokinetics, and lesser adverse effects. Liver cancer is a fifth most common cancer and third leading cause of cancer-related mortalities worldwide.The present study focusses to formulate the selenium (S)/chitosan (C)/polyethylene glycol (Pg)/allyl isothiocyanate (AI) nanocomposites (SCPg-AI-NCs) and assess its therapeutic properties against the diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced liver cancer in rats via inhibition of oxidative stress and tumor markers.The SCPg-AI-NCs were synthesized by ionic gelation technique and characterized by various characterization techniques. The liver cancer was induced to the rats by injecting a DEN (200 mg/kg) on the 8th day of experiment. Then DEN-induced rats treated with 10 mg/kg of formulated SCPg-AI-NCs an hour before DEN administration for 16 weeks. The 8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) content, albumin, globulin, and total protein were examined by standard methods. The level of glutathione (GSH), vitamin-C-E, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were examined using assay kits. The liver marker enzymes i.e., alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate tansaminase (AST), γ-glutamyl transaminase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Bax, and Bcl-2 levels, and caspase-39 activities was examined using assay kits and the liver histopathology was assessed microscopically by hematoxylin and eosin staining method. The effect of formulated SCPg-AI-NCs on the viability and apoptotic cell death on the HepG2 cells were examined using MTT and dual staining assays, respectively.The results of different characterization studies demonstrated the formation of SCPg-AI-NCs with tetragonal shape, narrowed distribution, and size ranging from 390 to 450 nm. The formulated SCPg-AI-NCs treated liver cancer rats indicated the reduced levels of 8-OHdG, albumin, globulin, and total protein. The SCPg-AI-NCs treatment appreciably improved the GSH, vitamin-C-E contents, and SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR activities in the serum of liver cancer rats. The SCPg-AI-NCs treatment remarkably reduced the liver marker enzyme activities in the DEN-induced rats. The SCPg-AI-NCs treatment decreased the AFP and CEA contents and enhanced the Bax and caspase 39 activities in the DEN-induced rats. The SCPg-AI-NCs effectively decreased the cell viability and induced apoptosis in the HepG2 cells.The present findings suggested that the formulated SCPg-AI-NCs remarkably inhibited the DEN-induced liver carcinogenesis in rats. These findings provide an evidence that SCPg-AI-NCs can be a promising anticancer nano-drug in the future to treat the liver carcinogenesis.

Background Trinidad and Tobago ranks number 45 in the world for total deaths due to coronary heart disease. Predictive tests for coronary angiographic results set the basis for earlier monitoring of the disease before additional complications become obvious. Aims and Methods This study aimed to evaluate the anthropometric and biochemical parameters of 124 patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) in Trinidad and how these parameters correlate to the findings at angiography. Results The biochemical parameters showed statistically significant correlations with CAD severity by Spearman's rank-order correlation. Two clinical parameters showed significant associations with CAD severity—ethnicity (χ2 (4) = 12.925, p = 0.012) and presence of type 2 diabetes at baseline (χ2 (4) = 21.483, p Conclusion Biochemical parameters such as fasting blood sugar, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide, creatinine, and hemoglobin A1c were well correlated and well associated with the severity of CAD after diagnosis by the process of coronary angiography. Hence, these factors can be taken into consideration to predict the severity of CAD.

Background: The sterility mosaic disease in pigeon pea caused by pigeon pea sterility mosaic virus is a serious threat to pigeon pea cultivation in India. A little information is available on the biochemical changes in pigeon pea plant against the SMD disease. Hence present study was taken to know the biochemical alterations in different pigeon pea genotypes due to sterility mosaic disease. Methods: Studies were conducted on the composition of the chlorophyll pigment, total soluble protein (%), total sugars, phenol, tannins, peroxidase and phenol peroxidase in six different genotypes. Result: The results of the study showed that there was a reduction in chlorophyll pigment composition, total soluble protein (%) and total sugars in all infected genotypes, but the reduction in resistant genotypes was less compared to other genotypes. In resistant genotypes, the amounts of phenols, tannins, peroxidase and phenol peroxidase were increased, where as in susceptible genotypes, they were roughly equal to the amounts in uninoculated genotypes. The increase in phenols, tannins, peroxidase and phenol peroxidase in resistant genotypes can be correlated with disease resistance.

Purpose: The article aims to explore how organizational sustainability with the impact of HR analytics in Human Resource Management practices. Design/Approach/Methodology: The study framed hypothesis to test and analyze HRM practices, HR analytics, and organizational sustainability constructs. The research was based on primarily data and the data were collected through questionnaires in online mode, from the targeted respondents belonging to HR employees of select IT companies in India. AMOS and SPSS were utilized for this research. Practical Implications: In this study, a brand-new methodological approach was employed. The method was demonstrated to be workable and scalable. Findings: The study’s findings showed a substantial correlation between the organizational sustainability concept and the prediction of HRM practices. Value/Originality: The article employs a technique for HR analytics to forecast HRM elements of organizational sustainability.

Aim: To analyse the preliminary phytochemical, antioxidant, anti-cholesterol potential of aqueous extract of Ferula asafoetida. Background: Hyperlipidemia is considered as one of the leading causes behind the occurrence of deadly disorders like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis etc. It is characterised by elevated levels of plasma lipids, mainly total cholesterol. Antioxidants are compounds which can inhibit oxidative damage. is the herbaceous plant belonging to the family Umbelliferae. It is used as spice in food and also used as digestive aid. It is used in the treatment of asthma and whooping cough and it also helps to reduce blood pressure. Methods: Aqueous extract of Ferula asafoetida was prepared by hot percolation method. The screening of phytochemical constituents, assessment of in vitro antioxidant activity and anticholesterol activity were done using standard procedures and the data were analysed statistically using one-way analysis of variance (ONE-WAY ANOVA) and the significance was considered at the levels of p

Aim: The aim of the present study is to determine the lip prints among undergraduate dental students. Introduction: Human identification is a universal process based on scientific principles mainly involving fingerprinting. Uniqueness is a strong point used in the analysis of fingerprints to convince the court of law. Even the lip prints are unique for an individual and can be used for identification purposes. Thus lip prints can be used to verify the presence or absence of a person at the scene of crime. The aim of this study is to analyse lip prints among undergraduate dental students. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 50 females. The materials used were lipstick, a brush for applying the lipstick, and magnifying lens. Lipstick was applied evenly on the vermilion border of the lips and the pattern was studied. Results: This study of lip print pattern of 50 females revealed the following observation: No two lip prints matched each other establishing the uniqueness of lip prints and type 2(branched Y shaped grooves) is most commonly seen. Conclusion: This study showed that lip prints are unique for an individual and hold potential promise as a supplementary tool in forensic odontology.

Background: Teeth whitening or dental bleaching is a procedure that is most often asked by patients because it is a very effective way to improve the appearance and aesthetics of a smile when compared with other invasive restorative treatments. Strawberry being a natural ingredient helps in the teeth whitening process. Aim: The aim of the study is to find the effect of strawberry extract on tooth discoloration and morphology Materials and Methods: Non- carious tooth samples were used for the experiment. Mandibular premolars were used as the samples, in which one tooth was immersed in strawberry extract and the other was in distilling water and kept for three days. The height and size of the tooth were measured to determine morphological changes before and after experiments. The results were compared between the dimensions of both the teeth for 72 hours and plotted into a bar graph. Results: The results indicated that there were no significant morphological changes between the tooth immersed in strawberry extract and distilled water. Conclusion: Fruits and leaves of strawberry plants are used to whiten teeth. Chewing strawberries every day can help to nourish the mouth, such as whitening of teeth and making breath more fresher. All these processes take place only if teeth are exposed to strawberry for a long period. Our study established the teeth whitening and anti-decay properties of strawberry extract in the teeth. Further research is required to observe the effect of strawberry extract on teeth in detail.

Introduction: Glyphosate, an N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine is the active ingredient in the pervasive herbicide, Monsanto Roundup. It is widely used herbicide worldwide to eliminate unwanted plants both on agricultural and non agricultural landscapes. Glyphosate is used in different formulations and applied in diverse forms including isopropylamine salt, potassium salt, ammonium salt, diammonium salt and dimethyl ammonium salt. Glyphosate can display endocrine –disrupting activity, promote carcinogenicity in mouse skin and affect human erythrocyte. In humans the effects of glyphosate on metabolic health research has not been done to a larger extent. Aim: To analyse the impact of glyphosate on the changes in the mRNA expression of neurotransmitters in experimental rats. Materials and Methods: Male albino rats were classified into three groups. Group I: Normal rats; Group II: glyphosate induced rats with 50 mg/ kg of glyphosate for 16 weeks; Group III:. The glyphosate induced rats with 100 mg/ kg of glyphosate for 16 weeks;Group IV:. The glyphosate induced rats with 250 mg/ kg of glyphosate for 16 weeks. After 16 weeks of glyphosate exposure , the control and induced animals were anesthetized and brain tissue were dissected to analyse the gene expression of serotonin and GABA alpha .The data were statistically analysed and tabulated. Results: mRNA expressions of neurotransmitters such as serotonin receptor and gamma-aminobutyric acid alpha (GABA a) were significantly (p

Introduction: Teeth are the most durable structure present in our human body because of the presence of enamel which persist and resist destruction more than any other bony structure. Hard nature with high amount of resistance of tissues present in the tooth prevents any destruction which increases the lifespan of the tooth. Aim: The main aim of this study is to observe the changes in tooth morphology when immersed in dilute and concentrated hydrochloric acid. Materials and Methods: Non-caries teeth extracted due to periodontal reasons were used from the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The tooth added to alternate dilute and concentrated hydrochloric acid was observed till 6th day and the changes were noted along with the photographs as observations. Results: The tooth left in concentrated HCl showed rapid dissolution and was completely dissolved within 24 hours. Tooth left in dilute HCl dissolved gradually and showed less dissolution when compared to concentrated HCl. Conclusion: Most durable teeth also undergo erosion and dissolution when placed in dilute HCl and concentrated HCl. Teeth act as a major clue in the field of forensic odontology.

Background: Trigonella foenum-graecum is one of the commonly used herbs in food. Moringa oleifera is a source of food, accommodation and conventional medicine for many peoples in the developing countriesThe seeds of both the plants were explored for antidiabetic potential. Methods: The current work was designed to probe the in vitro anti diabetic potential of the aqueous seed elicit of trigonella foenum- graceus and Moringa oleifera using the enzymes alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase.Both the extracts were screened for their phytochemicals and antioxidant potential was also analysed.The data were examine statistically by a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test was used to see the statistical significance in conjunction with groups. The results with the p

Background Fall is the most common patient safety incident in health care organizations. This study was initiated to obtain information regarding knowledge & attitude on falls and awareness of fall risk factors among nurses to device evidence-based and multidisciplinary educational and training programs to improve patient safety and thereby reduce morbidity and mortality associated with falls. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional survey study was conducted among 339 registered nurses working in Tertiary care hospitals across Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. A modified version of the previously validated standard questionnaire was administered by the investigators through an online survey method to explore the level of knowledge & attitude on falls and awareness of inpatient fall risk factors among Nurses. Results In this study, 15.6% of participants had adequate knowledge of falls, 57.2% had a favorable attitude towards falls and 38.3% had adequate awareness of fall risk factors. Years of experience in nursing has a statistically significant association with the level of knowledge on fall. The participant's attitude towards falls had a statistically significant relationship with age, education, experience in nursing, and previous patient fall experience. The correlation between fall knowledge, the attitude toward falls, and awareness of fall risk factors were highly significant. The majority of the participants expressed their favorable attitude toward the need for fall preventive education. Conclusion In our study, it is evident that there is a void that has to be filled to improve the knowledge, attitude, and awareness of falls and their risk factors. There is a need for extensive education and holistic, multifactorial, and interdisciplinary training program to be undertaken through various health care organizations.