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Scoping Review

Systematic Review

Approximately one in 100 children are born with congenital heart disease (CHD). Advances in surgical and medical management during recent decades have resulted in drastic improvements in outcomes for this population; however, functional and structural abnormalities predispose these individuals to an increased risk of secondary complications. It is increasingly recognised that physical activity and exercise have an important role to play in optimising long term health and quality of life outcomes for individuals with CHD. Indeed, a recent American Heart Association scientific statement identified that: 1) physical activity counseling is an important medical management approach to reduce cardiovascular risk in children with CHD; and 2) strategies to promote physical activity among individuals with CHD is a research priority. The aim of this scoping review is to gain a better understanding of existing physical activity interventions for this population, with the ultimate aim to inform future research in the area of physical activity promotion in CHD.

The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) is responsible for oversight and management of the development of energy resources on the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS). In 2012, BOEM identified three Wind Energy Call Areas and later defined Wind Energy Areas on the OCS of North Carolina. Presently, sufficient uncertainty exists regarding cumulative impacts to ecosystem services such as essential fish habitat and maritime cultural resources as a result of the construction or operation of offshore energy facilities to merit preliminary studies. From rocky outcrops to shipwrecks, hardbottom habitats serve as essential fish habitat for reef fisheries off of North Carolina and along the southeast OCS. This project accomplished the primary objective of describing and delineating rocky outcrops, within the Wilmington-East Call Area. The delineation of rocky outcrops and artificial hardbottom habitats guided an intensive diver visual assessment characterizing the benthic and fish communities, the seasonal changes in communities, and influences of sand and sediment movement around hardbottom habitats. This report is the result of a collaborative effort between the University of North Carolina Institute of Marine Sciences and NOAA’s National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, and the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management.