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IntroductionInterprofessional collaboration of physicians and midwives is essential for appropriate and safe care of pregnant and parturient women as well as their newborns. The complexity of woman-centered care settings requires the continuous exchange of information and the coordinated implementation of multi-and interprofessional care concepts. To analyze the midwives’ perspective on the multi-and interprofessional care process during pregnancy, birth and postpartum period, we aimed to adapt and psychometrically evaluate the Interprofessional Collaboration Scale (ICS).MethodsThe ICS (13 items) was answered by 299 midwives for (i) prenatal and postpartum care as well as (ii) perinatal care. Three items on equitable communication (EC) identified in qualitative interviews with N = 6 midwives were added as further aspects of quality in collaborative midwifery care. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test competing theoretically hypothesized factorial model structures, including both care settings simultaneously, i.e., birth and prenatal/postpartum.ResultsA two-dimensional structure assuming the 13 original ICS items and the 3 items on EC as psychometric distinct item groups accounts for the data best. After deleting 5 ICS items with insufficient indicator reliability, a very good-fitting model structure was obtained for both prenatal/postpartum as well as perinatal care: χ2df = 192 = 226.35, p = 0.045, CFI = 0.991, RMSEA = 0.025 (90%CI: [0.004; 0.037]). Both the reduced ICS-R and the EC scale (standardized response mean = 0.579/1.401) indicate significantly higher interprofessional collaboration in the birth setting. Responsibility in consulting, attitudes toward obstetric care and frequency of collaboration with other professional groups proved to be associated with the ICS-R and EC scale as expected.DiscussionFor the adapted ICS-R and the EC scale a good construct validity could be confirmed. Thus, the scales can be recommended as a promising assessment for recording the collaboration of midwives with physicians working in obstetric care from the perspective of midwives. The instrument provides a validated assessment basis in midwifery and obstetric care to identify potentially divergent perspectives within interprofessional care teams in woman’s centered care.

Additional file 1.

Additional file 1.

Additional file 1. Measurement Model of the SDM-Q-9-M and CARE-8-M scales used in RS detection. Graphical representation of the confirmatory factor analysis of the SDM-Q9-M and CARE-8-M-scale and measures of the local model fit.

The current study examines the Job Demands-Resources theory among pedagogical professionals. A total of 466 pedagogues (n = 227 teachers, n = 239 social workers) completed the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire online. After testing the questionnaire structure using confirmatory factor analysis, a JD-R-based prediction model to predict effects of strains on the outcome constructs of burnout, job satisfaction, general state of health, and life satisfaction was estimated. The results confirm the questionnaire structure (RMSEA= 0.038, CFI = 0.94) as well as the fit of the prediction model (RMSEA = 0.039, CFI = 0.93). The outcome constructs could be predicted by emotional demands, work–privacy conflict, role conflicts, influence at work, scope for decision making, and opportunities for development (0.41 ≤ R² ≤ 0.57). Especially for life satisfaction, a moderator analysis proved the differences between teachers and social workers in the structure of the prediction model. For teachers, quantitative demands and work–privacy conflict are predictive, and for social workers, role conflicts and burnout are predictive. The study offers starting points for job-related measures of prevention and intervention.

Growth phenotypes of plant lines Col-0, 35S:ROXY19, 35S:ROXY19SSMS and tga2 tga5 tga6 after TIBA treatment. Plants were grown for three weeks on steamed soil (Archut, Fruhstorfer Erde, T25, Str1fein) in growth chambers (21/19 °C, 16-h-light/8-h-dark cycle) with light intensity at 80 to 100 μmol photons m−2 s−1 and 60 % humidity. Plants were sprayed with 0.2 mM TIBA/0.1 % DMSO or with 0.1 % DMSO for 4 times with a 24- h interval each. Photographs were taken one day after the last treatment. (PPTX 17227 kb)

Steady state levels of glutamate and glycine in roots and shoots of drought stressed maize plants. A-B) Steady state levels of glutamate (A) and glycine (B) in leaves and roots of maize plants with sufficient (black) and restricted (white) water supply. Data are means ± SD of five individual replicates. Asterisks indicates statistical differences as determined by the unpaired t-test (*,p ≤ 0.05). (PDF 155 kb)

List of primer sequences (DOCX 11 kb)

List of AGI codes of the genes analysed or discussed in this study. (DOCX 10 kb)

Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of OPR2 and ANAC032 transcript levels in TIBA-treated wild-type and tga2 tga5 tga6 mutant plants. Four-week-old soil-grown plants of the indicated genotypes were either sprayed with 0.1 mM TIBA/0.05 % DMSO or 0.05 % DMSO (mock). Leaves were harvested for RNA isolation after 10 h of treatment. Relative transcript levels were determined using UBQ5 as a reference gene. The mean values (+/−SE) obtained from three to five individually harvested plants are shown. (PPTX 107 kb)

Relative expression values from different ROXYs as determined by microarray analysis of RNA from leaves from mock- and TIBA-treated plants. For plant treatments, see legend to Additional file 3, Table S3. The relative fluorescence intensities (transformed to a linear scale) representing potentially redundant ROXYs encoding an ALWL motif at the C terminus were plotted. (PPTX 67 kb)

Stomatal aperture of drought stressed maize plants. Quantification of stomatal aperture of control (black) and water-restricted (white) maize leaves at indicated time points. Data are means ± SD of 35 individual replicates. Asterisks indicates statistical differences as determined by the unpaired t-test (*, 0.05 ≥ p > 0.01; **, 0.01 ≥ p > 0.001; ***, p ≤ 0.001). (PDF 223 kb)

Alignment of cytosolic glutathione reductase 1 (GR1; At3g24710) and the plastid and mitochondria localized GR2 (At2g54660) from Arabidopsis thaliana with the single identified homologous GR protein sequence from maize (GenBank accession no. AJ006055) with the CLUSTALW software. The alignment of these sequences showed sequence identity of maize GR of approximately 52Â % with GR1 and 78Â % with GR2 from Arabidopsis. (PDF 198 kb)

Accession number, genome annotations (http://www.maizegdb.org/) and primers used for quantification of transcript steady levels by qRT-PCR of maize genes addressed in this study. (PDF 202 kb)

Steady state levels of glutamate and glycine in roots and shoots of drought stressed maize plants. A-B) Steady state levels of glutamate (A) and glycine (B) in leaves and roots of maize plants with sufficient (black) and restricted (white) water supply. Data are means ± SD of five individual replicates. Asterisks indicates statistical differences as determined by the unpaired t-test (*,p ≤ 0.05). (PDF 155 kb)

List of primer sequences (DOCX 11 kb)

List of AGI codes of the genes analysed or discussed in this study. (DOCX 10 kb)

Relative expression values from different ROXYs as determined by microarray analysis of RNA from leaves from mock- and TIBA-treated plants. For plant treatments, see legend to Additional file 3, Table S3. The relative fluorescence intensities (transformed to a linear scale) representing potentially redundant ROXYs encoding an ALWL motif at the C terminus were plotted. (PPTX 67 kb)

Accession number, genome annotations (http://www.maizegdb.org/) and primers used for quantification of transcript steady levels by qRT-PCR of maize genes addressed in this study. (PDF 202 kb)

The invention relates to a lightweight construction element comprising a textile multiwall fabric and at least one particle-shaped, swollen, thermoplastic polymer material. The swollen material is arranged between the walls of the multiwall fabric in such a way that it pulls taut the textile connecting fibres of the same, and particles of the swollen material are at least partially interconnected. The inventive lightweight construction element has high stability and an extremely low weight. The invention also relates to a simple and cost-effective method for producing the lightweight construction element.