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Camphor sulfonic acid (CSA) and p-toluene sulphonic acid (p-TSA) as the soft template, polyaniline (PANI) was prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization respectively. The characteristics of the different samples were characterized by SEM, FT-IR, UV-vis and conductivity measurement. Two samples were pressed into pellets as active electrode. Electrochemical properties of different electrodes were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Supercapacitors assembled with symmetric electrode were investigated by galvanostatic charge-discharge. The experimental results indicated that the samples prepared in different soft templates showed entirely different morphology. The PANI sample prepared with CSA as soft template exhibited nano-fiber form, electrode material presents characteristics of double-layer capacitance with good electrochemical reversibility. Otherwise, The PANI sample prepared with p-TSA as soft template exhibited microtubule form, the electrochemical performance involved not only double-layer capacitance but also faradic pseudocapacitance.

By applying the time-independent unitary transformation, the time-dependent Landau system is transformed into a product of a time-independent Landau system's Hamiltonian and a factor only depending on time, which can be solved exactly. Both the invariant operator and the eigenstate are obtained. In the periodical time-dependent case, the non-adiabatic Berry's phase is also presented.

The dynamics of the Maxwell field in a cavity with movable perfectly reflecting boundaries is investigated at nonzero temperature, applying the techniques of the thermo field dynamics (TFD). For a resonantly vibrating cavity, the thermal effect on the creation of photons and the temperature correction to the mechanic response of the intervening vacuum are all derived, based on the previous work at zero temperature by Dodonov and Klimov [Phys. Rev. A 53 (1996) 2664]. The strong amplification of the Casimir effect due to finite temperature, which was first predicted by Plunien et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 (2000) 1882] in response theory, is also observed. The squeezing effect at finite temperature is probed too.

In this paper, we presented synthesis plural assessment mode of combining academic teaching with practical teaching according to specialties of computer language courses. We obtain favorable teaching effects of evaluating learning of students fair and just, namely, scientific evaluation mode makes knowledge assessment and ability assessment equally important. From practical results can see, the mode can estimate objectively scholastic impact and ability. At the same time, the mode reacts on promoting action of various kinds of abilities and training study habit. The examination reform applies to all computer specialty language courses.