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This study explored the curative effect of Jingfang Mixture on urticaria mice induced by aluminum hydroxide/ovalbumin, and discussed its mechanism. Sixty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, three Jingfang Mixture(low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose) groups, and a positive drug(cetirizine hydrochloride) group. The urticarial model in mice was induced by the intraperitoneal injection of the mixed solution of ovalbumin and aluminum hydroxide. The degrees of pruritus were observed after the second immunization. Pathological changes were detected by hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining. Levels of interleukin 1β(IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) in the serum were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Expressions of NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3) and IL-1β were detected by immunohistochemistry(IHC). Expressions of nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB p65), NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD(ASC), cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteases 1(caspase-1), and IL-1β proteins were detected by Western blot. The results showed that, except for the normal group, the mice in all groups had different degrees of pruritus. Compared with the model group, the Jingfang Mixture groups and the positive drug group prolonged the scratching latency of mice(Plt;0.05), and significantly reduced the number of scratching(Plt;0.05). In addition, the Jingfang Mixture groups and the positive drug group improved the pathological morphology of skin tissue. The expression levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in serum were significantly reduced(Plt;0.05), and the number of NLRP3 and IL-1β positive cells was decreased(Plt;0.01). The expressions of p-NF-κB p65, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved caspase-1, and IL-1β protein were significantly down-regulated(Plt;0.05). The results of the above study indicate that Jingfang Mixture inhibit the inflammatory response in urticaria mice, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of activating NF-κB/NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathway.

FY-3C Microwave Temperature Sounder Ⅱ (MWTS-Ⅱ) lacks observations at 23.8 GHz, 31 GHz and 89 GHz, making it difficult to remove the data contaminated by precipitation in assimilation. In this paper, a fast forward operator based on the Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM) was used to analyze the relationship between the observation minus background simulation (O-B) and the cloud fractions in different MWTS-Ⅱ channels. In addition, based on the community Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) system, the radiation brightness temperature of the MWTS-Ⅱ was assimilated in the regional Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) model. In the process of assimilation, Visible and Infrared Radiometer (VIRR) cloud detection products were matched to MWTS-Ⅱ pixels for precipitation detection. For typhoon No. 18 in 2014, impact tests of MWTS-Ⅱ data assimilation was carried out. The results show that, though the bias observation minus analysis (O-A) of assimilated data can be reduced by quality control only with | O-B | < 3K; however, the O-A becomes much smaller while the precipitation detection is performed with Fvirr < 0.9 (VIRR cloud fraction threshold of 0.9). Besides, the change of the environmental field around the typhoon is more conducive to make the simulated track closer to the observation. The 72-hour typhoon track simulation error also shows that, after the precipitation detection, the error of simulated typhoon track is significantly reduced, which reflects the validity of a precipitation detection method based on a double criterion of | O-B | < 3K and Fvirr < 0.9.

Background: Endoscopic submucosal excavation (ESE), endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) and submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) have been widely applied to upper gastroi...

Purpose Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play important roles in tumorigenesis, but their biological functions and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Alternative splicing of five exons results in three transcript variants of cancer susceptibility 2 (CASC2): the lncRNAs CASC2a, CASC2b, and CASC2c. CASC2a/b have been found to have crucial regulatory functions in a number of malignancies, but few studies have examined the effects of CASC2c in cancers. The objective of the study was to investigate the role of CASC2c in the proliferation and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Methods This study first investigated the expression levels of CASC2c in tumor tissues, corresponding non-tumor tissues and cells using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The function and underlying molecular mechanism of CASC2c in human HCC were investigated in QGY-7703 cell line, as well as in gastric cancer (GC) cell and colorectal cancer (CRC) cell. Results In the present work, we observed that CASC2c was significantly down-regulated in HCC tissues and cells. Moreover, its overexpression remarkably inhibited the growth, migration, and invasion of HCC cells in vitro and promoted their apoptosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CASC2c overexpression decreased p-ERK1/2 levels in HCC, GC, and CRC cells. Interestingly, while overexpression of CASC2c decreased β-catenin expression in HCC and GC cells, it increased that in CRC cells. Conclusion The lncRNA–CASC2c has a vital role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression, and may serve as a biomarker or therapeutic target in cancer treatment via down-regulation of the ERK1/2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators of the biological functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role of the lncRNA ZEB1-AS1 in CRC is not thoroughly understood. In this study, we found that ZEB1-AS1 was markedly upregulated in CRC. ZEB1-AS1 knockdown significantly suppressed CRC cell proliferation and induced apoptosis, whereas enhanced expression of ZEB1-AS1 had the opposite effect. Bioinformatics analysis identified miR-181a-5p as a candidate target of ZEB1-AS1. Moreover, we found an inverse correlation between ZEB1-AS1 and miR-181a-5p expression in CRC tissue. Inhibition of miR-181a-5p significantly upregulated ZEB1-AS1, whereas overexpression of miR-181a-5p had the opposite effect, suggesting that ZEB1-AS1 is negatively regulated by miR-181a-5p. Using luciferase reporter and RIP assays, we found that miR-181a-5p directly targets ZEB1-AS1. Importantly, ZEB1-AS1 may act as an endogenous ‘sponge’ to regulate miRNA targets by competing for miR-181a-5p binding. In summary, our findings provide the evidence supporting the role of ZEB1-AS1 as an oncogene in CRC. Our study also demonstrates that miR-181a-5p targets not only protein-coding genes but also the lncRNA ZEB1-AS1.

This study aims to investigate effects of polymorphisms in key Th-17 immune response genes on the susceptibility to HBeAg-positive (HBeAg+) chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and response to PEG-IFNa-2α. A total of 139 patients with HBeAg+ CHB treated with PEG-IFNa-2α and 145 healthy controls were enrolled to explore the association between IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21 and IL-23R polymorphisms and HBeAg+ CHB susceptibility, as well as treatment efficacies. Genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and DNA sequencing. IL-17A rs4711998 and IL-17F rs763780 may affect susceptibility to HBeAg+ CHB and response to PEG-IFNa-2α treatment. The T allele of IL-21 rs12508721 may lower HBeAg+ CHB susceptibility but enhance PEG-IFNa-2α response, and the GA genotype and the A allele of IL-23R rs11209026 may reduce the susceptibility to HBeAg+ CHB. Th17-related gene polymorphisms were linked to HBeAg+ CHB susceptibility, and rs4711998, rs763780 and rs12508721 were associated with sustained responses to PEG-IFNa-2α.

Background: The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) plays a central role in liver fibrosis. α-ketoglutarate is a natural metabolite and previous studies have shown that increase in intracellular α-ketoglutarate can inhibit HSC activation. Aim: The aim of the present study is to determine the changes and role of intracellular α-ketoglutarate in HSC activation and clarify its mechanism of action. Methods: A human HSC cell line (LX-2) and the primary mouse HSC were used in the present study. We detected the changes of intracellular α-ketoglutarate levels and the expression of enzymes involved in the metabolic processes during HSC activation. We used siRNA to determine the role of intracellular α-ketoglutarate in HSC activation and elucidate the mechanism of the metabolic changes. Results: Our results demonstrated that intracellular α-ketoglutarate levels decreased with an HSC cell line and primary mouse HSC activation, as well as the expression of isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2), an enzyme that catalyzes the production of α-ketoglutarate. In addition, knockdown of IDH2 efficiently promoted the activation of HSCs, which was able to be reversed by introduction of an α-ketoglutarate analogue. Furthermore, we demonstrated that α-ketoglutarate regulated HSC activation is independent of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that decrease in IDH2 expression limits the production of α-ketoglutarate during HSC activation and in turn promotes the activation of HSCs through a TGF-β1 independent pathway. The present study suggests that IDH2 and α-ketoglutarate may be potential new targets for the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis.

Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the hemorheological characteristics of patients with acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) and the effect of rivaroxaban anticoagulation therapy. The study also aimed to further explore the mechanisms and novel pathways underlying ASUC therapy. Methods: Various hemorheology tests were performed on 88 hospitalized ASUC patients, including mean platelet volume (MVP), platelet count, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB) D-dimer and indicators of thrombelastogram (TEG). All results were compared with those of 40 colonic polyp controls. The ASUC patients were randomly divided into control and treatment groups (n = 44 each). The control group received routine mesalazine and methylprednisolone therapy, while the treatment group received rivaroxaban in addition to routine medicines. Montreal classification was used to evaluate the lesion range and the Mayo scoring system was used to evaluate the activity and treatment efficacy of the disease. The Endoscopic Severity Index of Ulcerative Colitis (UCEIS) was used to evaluate mucosal inflammation and Geboes index was used to evaluate mucosa histology. The percentage of microthrombus in pathological sections was calculated via immunohistochemical staining. The two groups were compared for efficacy, side effects, microthrombosis and hemorrheology after 30 days. Results and Conclusions: The results revealed that hypercoagulation is an important pathological stage of ASUC. Rivaroxaban anticoagulant therapy added to routine treatment was more effective than conventional treatment alone, which significantly improved the blood coagulation status of patients, alleviated clinical symptoms, relieved the endoscopic and histological outcomes, reduced the required hormone dosage and were worthy of clinical promotion.

Taking a large-scale anaerobic fermentation biogas power generation project as an example, the biogas slurry was hydrothermal processed and then reused to the anaerobic reactor, so as to reduce the biogas slurry discharge and increase the biogas production. The benefit analysis is carried out on the basis of meeting the requirements of increasing the gas production and the economic benefit as far as possible in the biogas power generation project. Through analyzing the amount of biogas slurry returning to field, the increase of biogas production, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the material in the anaerobic reactor, it is concluded that the reasonable amount of hydrothermal processing in this project is 150 t⋅d−1∼200 t⋅d−1 (the ratio of the hydrothermal processing capacity to the material in the anaerobic reactor is 22.4% ∼ 29.9%), which can increase the biogas production to 338.2 Nm3⋅d-1 ∼346.6 Nm3⋅d-1 per ton of dry solid.

Conventional bus transportation is of great value in urban transportation network, so it is important to master the regularity between bus lines and explore the optimization method to solve the problem of bus. Divided the degree of relation according to the overlapped stops between the two lines, and the relationship between the routes were divided into three types. The method of measuring the degree of relationship between lines and the modeling steps were given. According to the relationship between bus lines, a bus co-opetition network based on relationship degree was constructed. Using the social network analysis method, the network characteristics were found, the construction steps of the clustering method were given and the network was analyzed. The urban bus co-opetition network of Langfang City was built and the important lines were found by UCINET software. The study of the relationship between the bus lines can cluster the bus lines at the beginning of the bus network planning, which can also provide scientific basis for the operation and management of the buses.

To evaluate the safety, efficacy and tolerability of China-made sildenafil citrate (Jinge) in the treatment of ED.We conducted a multi-center, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial among 222 ED patients in five urological or andrological clinics of China. The patients were randomly assigned to receive sildenafil citrate (SC, n = 111) or placebo (n = 111) for 8 weeks. We obtained and analyzed the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, the scores of International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), the success rate of sexual intercourse, and the incidence of adverse events.No statistically significant differences were found between the patients of the SC and those of the placebo group in the mean age (［47.2±11.32］ yr vs ［46.67±13.08］ yr, P0.05), psychological etiology (27.93% vs 23.42%, P0.05), organic etiology (21.62% vs 29.73%, P0.05) or mixed etiology (50.45% vs 46.85%, P0.05), nor in height, weight, nationality, or history of smoking, drinking or allergy. Compared with the placebo controls, the SC-treated patients showed significant increases in the excellence rate of effectiveness (29.91% vs 78.90%, P0.01), success rate of sexual intercourse (29.16% vs 63.87%, P0.01), and total effectiveness rate (34.58% vs 77.98%, P0.01). The effectiveness rates on organic, psychogenic and mixed types ED were remarkably higher in the SC group (64.52%, 83.33%, and 82.14%) than in the placebo control (46.15%, 21.21%, and 25.00%) (P0.01). Mild or temporary adverse events were observed in 32 cases in the SC group as compared with 13 in the placebo control.China-made sildenafil citrate is an effective, safe and well-tolerated drug for ED of different etiologies in the Chinese population.目的: 评价国产枸橼酸西地那非（金戈）治疗男性勃起功能障碍（ED）的安全性、有效性和耐受性。方法： 采用多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究方法 ，在国内5家医院泌尿外科或男科门诊纳入222例ED患者，随机分为西地那非组（111例）和安慰剂组（111例），进行为期8周的临床治疗观察。以国际勃起功能问卷（ IIEF）评分、性交成功率作为有效性评价指标，以不良事件发生率作为安全性评价指标。结果： 西地那非组和安慰剂组患者年龄分别为（47.20±11.32）岁和（ 46.67±13.08）岁（P0.05），ED病因分别为心理性（27.93% vs 23.42%）、器质性（21.62% vs 29.73%）和混合性ED（50.45% vs 46.85%）(P均0.05) ，其他流行病学数据如身高、体重、民族、吸烟、饮酒、药物过敏史等一般情况也均无统计学差异。对主要疗效指标的分析结果显示，西地那非组与安慰剂组对勃起 功能显著有效率分别为78.90%和29.91%（P0.01)；西地那非组性交成功率和总体疗效分别为63.87%和77.98%，均明显高于安慰剂组的29.16%和34.58%（P均0.01)。在对于不同种类ED的治疗上，西地那非对心理性、器质性和混合性ED的有效率分别为64.52%、83.33%和82.14%，明显高于安慰剂组的46.15%、21.21%和 25.00%（P均0.01)。安全性评价结果显示，共有45例（20.27%）受试者出现了各种不良事件（西地那非组有32例，安慰剂组有13例），所出现的不良事件大多数 为轻度、一过性的。结论： 国产枸橼酸西地那非是一种可治疗各种病因导致ED的安全有效的药物，且患者耐受性较好。.

This study investigated the alleviating effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), derived from sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), on inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in both in vivo and in vitro models. We found that NaHS injection markedly decreased rectal bleeding, diarrhea, and histological injury in DSS-challenged mice. NaHS (20 μmol/L) reversed DSS-induced inhibition in cell viability in Caco-2 cells and alleviated pro-inflammation cytokine expression in vivo and in vitro, indicating an anti-inflammatory function for H2S. It was also found that H2S may regulate cytokine expression by inhibiting the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that H2S alleviated DSS-induced inflammation in vivo and in vitro and that the signal mechanism might be associated with the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective This study aimed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), mutated genes and fusion genes in colorectal cancer. Materials and methods RNA-sequencing data (ID: SRP009386) from cancerous, paracancerous non-tumor and distant normal tissue from one Chinese patient with stage III colorectal cancer were downloaded from Sequence Read Archive. Quality control was checked using FastQC, followed by sequence alignment against the hg19 reference genome using TopHat v1.3.3. The expression levels were quantified using Cufflinks, followed by DEGs screening using NOISeq. Enrichment analysis was performed using DAVID. Transcription factors were screened using TRANSFA. Mutated loci were identified using SAMTools and VCFTools. Gene fusion events were detected by TopHat-fusion. Results In total 2440, 1887 and 834 DEGs were respectively detected in cancerous vs. normal tissue, cancerous vs. paracancerous tissue and paracancerous vs. normal tissue. The up-regulated genes from cancerous and paracancerous tissue compared with normal tissue were enriched in “extracellular matrix receptor interaction” and “focal adhesion pathway” as well as some biological processes except for “negative regulation of programmed cell death” uniquely presenting in cancer. Dysregulated transcription factors including SOX4, BCL6, CEBPB and MSX2 were enriched in the unique biological process. Trp53 was identified with one mutated locus 7577142 (C → T) on chromosome 17. BCL6 also experienced missense mutation. Additionally, COL1A1–PPP2R2C and EXPH5–COL1A2 were observed fusion genes in cancer tissue. Conclusions The unique biological process in cancer tissue may be the cause for colorectal carcinogenesis. The screened transcription factors, mutated genes and fusion genes may contribute to the progression of colorectal cancer.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators of the biological functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role of the lncRNA ZEB1-AS1 in CRC is not thoroughly understood. In this study, we found that ZEB1-AS1 was markedly upregulated in CRC. ZEB1-AS1 knockdown significantly suppressed CRC cell proliferation and induced apoptosis, whereas enhanced expression of ZEB1-AS1 had the opposite effect. Bioinformatics analysis identified miR-181a-5p as a candidate target of ZEB1-AS1. Moreover, we found an inverse correlation between ZEB1-AS1 and miR-181a-5p expression in CRC tissue. Inhibition of miR-181a-5p significantly upregulated ZEB1-AS1, whereas overexpression of miR-181a-5p had the opposite effect, suggesting that ZEB1-AS1 is negatively regulated by miR-181a-5p. Using luciferase reporter and RIP assays, we found that miR-181a-5p directly targets ZEB1-AS1. Importantly, ZEB1-AS1 may act as an endogenous ‘sponge’ to regulate miRNA targets by competing for miR-181a-5p binding. In summary, our findings provide the evidence supporting the role of ZEB1-AS1 as an oncogene in CRC. Our study also demonstrates that miR-181a-5p targets not only protein-coding genes but also the lncRNA ZEB1-AS1.

Objective To investigate whether visceral obesity is associated with certain histological subtypes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in a multicentre Chinese cohort. Patients and Methods A kidney tumour database was created using three tertiary centres in China; 487 patients were enrolled presenting with localised RCC and complete computer tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) information. A single-slice CT image was used to measure the area of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues in each patient. Statistical methods were used to analyse clear-cell RCC (ccRCC) and non-clear-cell RCC (non-ccRCC) as they relate to visceral fat area (VFA) and other risk factors, such as age, gender, tumour size, diabetes, hypertension, total fat area (TFA) and body mass index (BMI). Results In all, 418 patients had a ccRCC subtype and 69 had a non-ccRCC subtype. For all the patients with RCC, the mean VFA was 102 cm2, while mean BMI was 24 kg/m2. The mean VFA was greater in ccRCC than non-ccRCC patients by 25 cm2. There were significant differences in the mean VFA and TFA between patients with ccRCC and those with non-ccRCC. Multivariate analysis showed that the presence of VFA was more important than the effects of BMI and Type 2 diabetes on pathology prediction. In patients with a normal BMI, those with a higher quartile of VFA were more likely to develop ccRCC than those with a low VFA. Conclusions Increased visceral fat was found to be associated with ccRCC and the significance of VFA outweighed the effects of BMI and Type 2 diabetes for the prediction of RCC pathology in multivariate analyses. As a result, VFA could constitute a primary explanation for the link between obesity and ccRCC.

This study aims to investigate the safety and efficiency of the holmium laser therapy in extramammary Paget's disease. The clinical data of 61 patients was collected since 2002 to 2012, confirmed as non-subcutaneous invasive extramammary Paget's disease by biopsy and underwent surgery. All patients were divided into two groups. Group A included 30 patients who underwent the holmium laser therapy. Group B included 31 patients who underwent the traditional surgical therapy. The clinical data of all patients included preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative management and follow-up records. Compared with the traditional operation group, the holmium laser group had a shorter operation time and was easier to perform. There were no significant differences between the two groups in cases of intraoperative and postoperative complications, the recurrence-free survival, and the disease-specific survival. But the holmium laser group had a longer recovery time than the traditional operation group in large and deep nidus. Multiple-factor analysis of prognostic parameters of 61 patients confirmed that any of these two methods chosen was not a prognostic parameter for recurrence-free survival. The holmium laser therapy might prove to be a preferable alternative to the traditional operative therapy of extramammary Paget's disease. However, the holmium laser therapy did not demonstrate to have an obvious advantage over traditional operative therapy in the recurrence-free survival and the disease-specific survival.

Light steel houses are widely applied to low-rise industrial buildings for lightweight, easy industrialization and fast construction. But under the condition of strong wind, there often occurs wind-induced damages to light steel houses because they are sensitive to wind loads, causing huge economic losses. This paper offers a wind-resistant design for a steel structure warehouse which may suffer from force-14 super typhoon with maximum wind speed of 150 km/h. The main factors affecting the wind-resistant capacity of steel structure plants as well as the attacking characteristics and failure mechanism of typhoon on low-rise buildings are fully analyzed. Opinions on the design of low-rise steel structure warehouses against typhoon have been proposed by discussing different wind directions. Considering conceptual design, we also provide some concrete measures of wind-resistance for low-rise buildings in coast areas.

In this work, NASICON-type disks with the formula, Na3Zr2Si2PO12 were prepared by non-aqueous tape casting method. The effect of the dispersant on the slurry viscosity was investigated, triethanolamine was found to be an effective dispersant for NASICON slurry. The correlation between the overall conductivity and the sintering conditions (temperature and time) for the NASICON disk was also studied. Green tapes were calcined at 900°C, 1000°C, 1100°C for 6h and 12h, respectively. Results revealed that the overall conductivity increased with the increasing of the sintering temperature and decreased with the increasing of the sintering time. The segregation of resistive monoclinic ZrO2 phase was examined to have a negative effect on the overall conductivity. The CO2 sensor using NASICON disk and Li2CO3-BaCO3 complex thick film was fabricated and evaluated, the sensitivity was about 82.9 mV/decade at 450°C.

In order to reduce the steel consumption for one of the steel structure residence, a kind of effective approach of optimization design to the original design is given. In this paper, steel consumption of H-section steel beams are taken as objective function, which have relatively larger proportions than others. Design variables are the beam height, web thickness, flange width and flange thickness. The strength, stiffness and stability of the steel beam are taken as constraint condition under the relevant Building Code. By using the sequential quadratic programming method, we set up optimization mathematical model for optimizing the steel structure residence, and then obtain the optimal section size of the steel beams. After the structural optimization design, the steel consumption of GL1 was reduced by 8.24%, compared with those of the original design. Relative to the original design, optimized total steel consumption was reduced by 3.29%. The approach proposed in this paper is an effective method for the optimization design of steel structure residence.

The differential GPS navigation and positioning technique, multi-channel shallow seismic exploration and high resolution single channel seismic technique were used for the geophysical exploration of the shallow stratum in Jiangshidi nuclear power plant site and its surrounding areas. Based on seismic data post processing results, the seismic section interpretation was performed, combined with regional geological background, borehole data and shallow anatomy data. Five main seismic reflection surfaces were recognized by using seismic stratigraphic method, and eight breakpoints were found according to the active fault discrimination criteria. Then the distribution and activity characteristics of main faults were obtained. The results show that any fault and marked deformation in the quaternary sediments has not been observed in the range of 5 km away from Jiangshidi nuclear power plant site. So the stability analysis results of shallow stratum in target area can meet the requirement of nuclear power plant site selection code.

To compare the safety and efficiency of conventional monopolar, plasmakinetic and holmium laser transurethral resection of bladder tumor (CM-TURBT, PK-TURBT and HoL-TURBT) while managing primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.From 2005 to 2009, 173 patients with primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer underwent endoscopic surgery. Among them, 51 patients underwent CM-TURBT, 58 patients underwent PK-TURBT, and 64 patients underwent HoL-TURBT. All patients were divided into three risk groups (low, intermediate, and high) based on the European Association of Urology guidelines and prognostic factors of recurrence. Clinical data, included preoperative, operative, and postoperative management and follow-up, were recorded.Patient demographics and tumor characteristics in all three groups were compared before surgery. There was no significant difference in operative duration among the three groups. Compared with the CM-TURBT group, both PK-TURBT and HoL-TURBT groups had less intraoperative and postoperative complications, including obturator nerve reflex, bladder perforation, as well as bleeding and postoperative bladder irritation. There were no significant differences among the three groups in the transfusion rate and occurrence of urethral strictures. Patients in the PK-TURBT and HoL-TURBT groups had less catheterization and hospitalization time than those in the CM-TURBT group, and there were no significant differences in each risk subgroup as well as the overall recurrence rate among the CM-TURBT, PK-TURBT and HoL-TURBT groups.Both PK-TURBT and HoL-TURBT might prove to be preferable alternatives to CM-TURBT management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. PK-TURBT and HoL-TURBT, however, did not demonstrate an obvious advantage over CM-TURBT in tumor recurrence rate.

The Ms7.4 earthquake of 18 July, 1969 is the only strong earthquake in the Bohai Sea that has been recorded by seismometers. Arguments about this large earthquake are focused on its causative fault. To tackle this problem, three cruises in the epicenter region from 2005 to 2008 were executed and 3 kinds of acoustic data with high-resolution, including shallow penetrated single channel seismic data, sidescan sonar data and CHIRP data were collected. This paper presents the results based on these new acoustic data. A small depression zone 2~3 m beneath the seabed is first found in the Holocene sediments in the epicenter region. The zone with an NE30- strike is 20 km long and 3 km wide. CHIRP data reveal that depositional border formed at about 5000 a B.P. has a throw of 1.5 m in the zone. The good match of the locations of the depression zone and the BZ28 fault and aftershocks distribution of the 1969 earthquake suggests that the depression zone is the result of tectonic activities of the BZ28 fault and the bottom deformation of sequence A which was formed since 150 a B.P. is caused by 1969 earthquake. The BZ28 fault with a NE30° strike, a branch fault of the Tan-Lu Fault Zone, is the causative fault of the Ms7.4 earthquake. CHIRP data show that the latest faulting age is the late Holocene. Based on the forming age of stratigraphic sequences and vertical displacement of the fault, the vertical slip rate of the BZ28 fault since late Pleistocene is calculated. The results show that the rate during the Holocene is 0.3 mm/a, which is larger than 0.05 mm/a during the late Pleistocene-Holocene, reflecting a trend of aggrandizement.

Deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is implicated in the initiation and progression of gastric cancer (GC). Previous studies have demonstrated that miR-204 was downregulated in GC tissues. However, its expression profile in serum samples and its potential for clinical value remain unknown. Real-time PCR was performed to evaluate the expression level of serum miR-204 in patients with GC. The association between serum miR-204 expression level and the clinical outcome of GC was then investigated. Our results showed that the expression of miR-204 in serum samples from GC patients was significantly lower than that in the healthy controls (P < 0.01). Serum miR-204 expression level of GC patients was significantly upregulated after receiving surgical resection (P < 0.01). In addition, serum miR-204 was associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.016), tumor differentiation (P = 0.001), and TNM stage (P = 0.005). GC patients with low serum miR-204 expression had shorter overall survival than those with high serum miR-204 expression (P = 0.004). Multivariate analysis revealed that serum miR-204 expression level was an independent risk factor for this malignant disease (HR = 3.629, 95%CI = 2.828-8.146, P = 0.015). In conclusion, our findings indicate that serum miR-204 may be employed as a novel biomarker for monitoring the treatment response and predicting the prognosis of GC.

Spurred by advances in instrumentation and acquisition technologies, including processing and interpretation software of geophysical data over the past decade, CNPC and PetroChina have developed integrated geophysical exploration technologies for five different applications: rugged terrain and complicated subsurface structures, deeply buried paleotopographic hill structures, volcanic rocks, direct hydrocarbon detection at shallow-to-medium depths, and reservoir characterization and fluid monitoring. These will be discussed in more detail later in conjunction with six case studies, listed below, that demonstrate their application. The numbers correspond to the geographic locations indicated by the same number in Figure 1.

The present study aimed to investigate the molecular targets for colorectal cancer (CRC). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between CRC and matched adjacent noncancerous samples. GENETIC_ASSOIATION_DB_DISEASE analysis was performed to identify CRC genes from the identified DEGs using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery, followed by Gene Οntology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis for the CRC genes. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed for the CRC genes, followed by determination and analysis of the hub genes, in terms of the protein domains and spatial structure. In total, 35 CRC genes were determined, including 19 upregulated and 16 downregulated genes. Downregulated N-acetyltransferase (NAT)1 and NAT2 were enriched in the caffeine metabolism pathway. The down-regulated and upregulated genes were enriched in a number of GO terms and pathways, respectively. Cyclin D1 (CCND1) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were identified as the hub genes in the PPI network. The C-terminal and N-terminal domains were similar in PCNA, but different in CCND1. The results suggested PCNA, CCND1, NAT1 and NAT2 for use as biomarkers to enable early diagnosis and monitoring of CRC. These results form a basis for developing therapies, which target the unique protein domains of PCNA and CCND1.

To investigate whether visceral obesity is associated with certain histological subtypes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) ina multicentre Chinese cohort.A kidney tumour database was created using three tertiary centres in China; 487 patients were enrolled presenting with localised RCC and complete computer tomography(CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) information. A single-slice CT image was used to measure the area of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues in each patient. Statistical methods were used to analyse clear-cell RCC (ccRCC) and non-clear-cell RCC (non-ccRCC) as they relate to visceral fat area (VFA) and other risk factors, such as age, gender, tumour size, diabetes, hypertension, total fat area (TFA) and body mass index (BMI).In all, 418 patients had a ccRCC subtype and 69 had a non-ccRCC subtype. For all the patients with RCC, the mean VFA was 102 cm2, while mean BMI was 24 kg/m2. The mean VFA was greater in ccRCC than non-ccRCC patients by 25 cm2. There were significant differences in the mean VFA and TFA between patients with ccRCC and those with non-ccRCC.Multivariate analysis showed that the presence ofVFA was more important than the effects of BMI and Type 2 diabetes on pathology prediction. In patients with a normal BMI, those with a higher quartile of VFA were more likely to develop ccRCC than those with a low VFA.Increased visceral fat was found to be associated with ccRCC and the significance of VFA outweighed the effects of BMI and Type 2 diabetes for the prediction of RCC pathology in multivariate analyses. As a result, VFA could constitute a primary explanation for the link between obesity and ccRCC.

To analyze the diversity of both Bacteroides and Clostridium in patients with primary gout and the difference from that of normal individuals. And to investigate the relationship between the primary gout and the intestinal flora. Fecal samples of 90 cases with the primary gout and 94 cases normal comparison group were selected, together with the cases that match the filter criteria. The DNA is extracted from the feces. 16S rRNA specific primers of both Bacteroides and Clostridium were adopted for the PCR amplification. The molecular fingerprints of Bacteroides and Clostridium in both the primary gout group and the normal control group were obtained through DGGE and subjected for further analysis on both the diversity and the similarity. Compared with normal individuals, the number of bands and Shannon-Weaver (H') of Bacteroides in patients with primary gout was not reduced, but significantly decreased in Clostridium. Furthermore, the intra-group and inter-group similarity of both Bacteroides and Clostridium were lower. The primary gout has caused the structural change of both Bacteroides and Clostridium, inducing the low similarity, especially for Clostridium. It has statistic significance. The gut predominant flora may play an important role in the development of primary gout.

To investigate the relationship between renal clear cell carcinoma and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).Two hundreds and sixty-four patients with renal clear cell carcinoma and four hundred controls who suffered from non-urinary system, non-neoplastic or non-hormone-related disorders, were enrolled from January 2008 to December 2012. The incidence of diabetes between the 2 groups and the relationship between renal clear cell carcinoma and duration of diabetes were compared, moreover, renal clear cell carcinoma patients with DM were compared with patients without DM for their clinical features, laboratory examinations and histological characteristics.The comparison of renal clear cell carcinoma group and control group: the incidence of DM in the two groups were 19.7% and 12.8% respectively, and the difference was significant (χ(2) = 5.86, P0.05, OR = 1.68). In the renal clear cell carcinoma group, the proportion of patients with DM diagnosed within 2-4 years was 4.92%, which were significant higher than those in the control group 1.70% (χ(2) = 5.49, P0.05, OR = 2.91). And men with diabetes had high occurrence risk 86% of renal clear cell carcinoma (OR = 1.86, 95%CI: 1.09-3.15). The comparison of diabetes patients subgroup and non-diabetic patients subgroup in renal clear cell carcinoma group: in respect of clinical features, greatest tumor diameter in the two subgroups were (4.9 ± 2.3) cm and (4.2 ± 2.1) cm respectively, and the difference was significant (t = 1.96, P0.05). However, there was no significant difference in terms of age, gender and cancer location between the two subgroups (P0.05). In respect of laboratory examinations, serum creatinine in the two subgroups were (72 ± 20) µmol/L and (65 ± 17) µmol/L, and the difference was significant (t = 2.34, P0.05); serum urea nitrogen in the 2 subgroups were (7.1 ± 2.1) mmol/L and (6.0 ± 1.5) mmol/L respectively, and the difference was significant too (t = 1.47, P0.05). In respect of histological characteristics, the proportion of well differentiated clear cell carcinoma were 80.8% and 81.1% respectively, and the difference was significant (χ(2) = 4.23, P0.05). The proportion of stage II were 25.0% and 27.8% respectively and the difference was significant (χ(2) = 4.08, P0.05).DM is closely related with renal clear cell carcinoma and DM may be a possible risk factor for the tumor. And for elderly patients with diabetes who appear waist discomfort or hematuria, a careful examination of kidney is important to make early diagnosis, give timely treatment and improve survival prognosis.

To explore the efficacies and adverse events of sorafenib in the treatment of advanced metastatic renal cell carcinoma.A total of 57 patients with advanced kidney cancer were recruited from our hospital from April 2007 to October 2011. They were divided into sorafenib group (A, n = 24) and sorafenib + IFN group (B, n = 33). The primary endpoints included objective response rate and progression-free survival (PFS). And the secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and incidence of adverse events.The mean medication time of group A was 15 (7-56) months. The outcomes were partial response (PR, n = 1), stable disease (SD, n = 8), progressive disease (PD, n = 1) and death (n = 14). The rates of objective response and disease control were 4.2% (1/24) and 37.5% (9/24) respectively. For group B, the mean medication time was 15 (4-30) months. The outcomes were PR (n = 2), and include 2 patients of PR, 21 examples of SD, 1 patient of PD and death. The rates of objective response and disease control were 6.1% (2/33) and 69.7% (23/33) respectively. Two groups had no significant difference in incidence or severity of adverse events (both P0.05).As a safe and effective agent for advanced kidney cancer, sorafenib is well-tolerated in patients. The combined use of interferon may improve the therapeutic efficacies without an occurrence of adverse events.

To systematically assess the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the prognostic risk of invasive transitional bladder cancer.All known randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of invasive transitional bladder cancer, published from the date of database building to September 2012, were retrieved from such databanks as Pubmed, CBMdisc, Embase and Cochrane. The data on 5-year survival rate of included studies were extracted for further heterogeneity exploration, subgroup analysis and statistical pooling with the RevMan 5.10 software.Fourteen subjects involving 2072 cases and 2086 controls were published from 1991 to 2012. The overall odds ratio of survival suggested a 21% relative reduction in mortality risk for neoadjuvant chemotherapy compared to that on control (OR = 0.79, 95%CI:0.70-0.90). In subgroup analysis according to different neoadjuvant chemotherapies, MCV (methotrexate, cisplatin and vinblastine) and MVAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin and cisplatin) chemotherapies showed significant benefit to overall survival with 28% and 25% reduction in risk of death respectively (OR = 0.72,95%CI:0.60-0.86, OR = 0.75,95%CI:0.59-0.96) . However, no significant difference existed in effects between C (cisplatin) chemotherapy, CM (cisplatin and methotrexate) chemotherapy and CD (cisplatin and docetaxel) chemotherapy and controls. In subgroup analysis according to local treatment of cystectomy or radiotherapy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the patients with cystectomy showed significant benefits in overall survival with 25% reduction in risk of death (OR = 0.75, 95%CI:0.65-0.87). However, the patients with radiotherapy or radiotherapy plus cystectomy showed no significant benefits in overall survival.MCV and MVAC neoadjuvant chemotherapies improve survival among patients with bladder cancer. And neoadjuvant chemotherapy has better long-term survival after cystectomy.

Public Private Partnerships (PPP) projects not only could attract abundant private capital to solve the scarcity of public funds, but also take advantage of techniques and experiences of private sector to accelerate metro development. PPP project capital structure had taken into account the interests of the Government, private investors and creditors, optimizing of the PPP project risks to an optimal capital structure to achieve a win-win situation. The object function was the weighted utility function of the internal rate of return and the debt service coverage ratio which included financial risk variables and financial assessment indicators to minimize the financial risk of the key participants and urban metro PPP projects. Then the Monte-Carlo simulation would draw an optimal capital structure, with the conclusion of the decision-making basis for investor, loaner as well as the governor.

Hazard assessment as a scientific tool provides technology support for emergency management. This paper summarizes systematically the wide-applied foreign hazard risk assessment models, and analyzes their advantages and disadvantages from the angle of methods, application characters. At the same time, this paper provides a set of hazard assessment model that suits the Chinese reality, summarizes the hazard assessment experiences in Sino-German project, details the steps of hazard assessment, creates the target system of hazard assessment, and researches typical cases according to the practice of hazard assessment. The result of research shows: this model suits the Chinese reality with instructive meaning and practical value and is worth of being extended all over China.

An optimized architecture is proposed for real-time automatic cloud detection system with Spectrum and Texture Analysis Combination (STAC) approach. The STAC approach is hard to be implemented in hardware, for the calculation of fractal dimension (FD) and angle second moments (ASM) of the approach consumes large computation time and hardware resources. By optimizing the calculation process of the FD and ASM, the proposed architecture efficiently improves the processing speed and dramatically reduces the logic resources and memories consumption compared to the automatic cloud detection architecture in standard STAC approach, with a 3 times running speed improvement and a more than 75% reduction of the hard resource consumption.

To investigate the clinical characteristics of postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) in Qingdao.Two hundred and four PI-IBS and 2068 non-PI-IBS patients were investigated with questionnaire including general information, symptoms and quality of life scores with microecological study before and after therapy.(1) The morbidity rate of PI-IBS in female was 2. 2 times of that in male, which was similar to that in non-PI-IBS. (2) Brain work labors dominated in both PI-IBS and non-PI-IBS patients. (3) As to the simultaneous presence of extra-gastrointestinal symptoms, there was no statistical difference between the rate of physical symptoms in PI-IBS and non-PI-IBS patients (chi2 =10.5, P0.05), but the rate of mental symptoms was higher in PI-IBS than in non-PI-IBS patients, and the difference was significant (chi2 = 28.7, P0.05). (4) The alteration of intestinal microflora rate in PI-IBS was obviously higher than that in non-PI-IBS patients. (5) The quality of life scores in PI-IBS was improved after treatment with Birid Triple Viable , and there was significant difference (t = 3.8, P0.01), but there was no statistical difference in non-PI-IBS (t = 1.5, P0.05).There was some difference in certain clinical characteristics between PI-IBS and non-PI-IBS patients in Qingdao.

To study the effect of cigarette smoke on the sexual function of male rats.Based on Ozyurt's smoking model, we equally divided 30 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats into a control and a smoking group, and exposed the latter to cigarette smoke for 60 days. A week before the end of the experiment, we added 5 female rats to each group and observed their mating through 24-hour video surveillance. Sixty days later, all the rats were killed for the determination of the level of testosterone (T) in the plasma and the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the corpus cavernosum, and Masson-dyeing image analysis of the penile tissue.Compared with the controls, the rats in the smoking group showed a significant reduction in the times of mating, the level of plasma T (P0.05) and the activity of NOS in the penile cavernous tissue (P0.05), but a slight increase in the collagen fibers and obvious changes in the blood sinuses.Cigarette smoke seriously affected penile erection in the experimental rats. The decrease in plasma T, NOS activity and the area of smooth muscle may be an important mechanism underlying their erectile dysfunction.

To evaluate the effect and safety of transurethral prostatectomy with the bipolar plasmakinetic technique (PKRP) in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).A total of 712 BPH patients underwent transurethral prostatectomy with the bipolar plasmakinetic technique. The patients averaged 70.6 years of age and 52 g (range 35-102 g) in estimated prostate weight preoperatively. Comparative analyses were made on the maximum urine flow rate (Qmax), residual urine volume and scores on IPSS and QOL obtained pre- and post-operatively.The operations lasted 20-120 minutes (mean 51 min), the resected tissues weighed 15-96 g (mean 46 g), and no transurethral resection syndrome (TURS) occurred. The catheters were removed 4 -5 days after surgery. The patients were followed up for 1 -52 months (mean 27.6 mo). Obvious reduction was observed in the average Qmax from 4.7 ml/s preoperatively to 19. 1 ml/s postoperatively, in the mean IPSS score from 26.6 to 5. 8, and in the mean QOL score from 5.4 to 1.7, all with significant differences (P0.01).Transurethral prostatectomy with the bipolar plasmakinetic technique is a safe and effective means for the treatment of BPH.

With the digital technology developments, Digital Cinema outperforms traditional films and attracts the movie industry. The first edition Digital Cinema System Specification was released by Digital Cinema Initiatives, LLC (DCI) in 2005, which advances the Digital Cinema development. We have developed a Digital Cinema Playback system compliant with the DCI Specification. It can extract and play the 2K-resolution component from the 2K/4K DCP (Digital Cinema Package) files at 24 fps, and support an up to 350Mbps video streaming service. Connected to Barco projector and Dolby digital device, this system can display the standard fully or partially encrypted test materials fluently and correctly. The synchronization of audio and video meets the DCI Specification.

Background Current surgical practice for nephron sparing surgery allows at least 1 cm margin of normal tissue around the tumour. However, recent studies show that the width of the margin is not important, even simple enucleation is as effective as partial nephrectomy. We explored whether margin size has significant impacts on clinical outcomes in nephron sparing surgery for renal cell carcinoma of 4 cm or less. Methods Between 1998 and 2006, 115 patients with sporadic, pathologically confirmed, renal cell carcinoma 4 cm or less (T1a) and normal contralateral kidney were treated by nephron sparing surgery using a margin less than 5 mm. The surgical margin status was evaluated from frozen and permanent paraffin sections. Results Mean and median tumour diameter were 3.3 cm and 3.5 cm (range 1.0-4.0). The mean margin width was 2.2 mm (median 2.0, range 0-6). In addition, 114 cases had margins 5 mm or less (99.1%), 97 cases (84.3%) had margin 3 mm or less, and 26 cases had margin zero (22.6%). None of the patients had positive surgical margins. No patients died during follow-up (mean 65 months). There were no any major surgical complications and no distant metastasis was detected. Local recurrence was detected in one case (0.9%) at a different site of the kidney. Conclusions For early localized renal cell carcinoma of 4 cm or less, as long as tumour is completely excised, the size of margin in nephron sparing surgery is not important. Nephron sparing surgery with 5 mm margin is enough for tumour control. It provides excellent renal function preservation, favourable long term progression free survival and is not associated with an increased risk of local recurrence.

The risks factor of construction projects are made an analysis on the characteristic of project, thus the international project risk evaluation system has been built based on the six risks that include bidding risk, market competition risk, engineering characteristics risk, contract risk, other participator risks and environmental risk. Construction of the project risk evaluation system has been established, and complementary judgment matrix is designed based on triangular fuzzy number. Furthermore triangular fuzzy matrix has been made a solution by expansion principle from the multi-attribute-based, priorities of complementary judgment matrices are provided. The result realize for identifying the pivotal risk factor of construction project risk.

OBJECTIVES To explore whether mini-margin nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) is clinically safe and effective for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) of 4 cm or less with a normal contralateral kidney. METHODS A total of 115 patients with sporadic, pathologically confirmed RCC of 4 cm or less (Stage T1a), with a normal contralateral kidney, were treated by NSS using a mini-margin of less than 5 mm from 1998 to 2006. The surgical margin status was evaluated by both frozen and permanent paraffin section studies. The patients were followed up, and the data were analyzed. RESULTS The mean and median tumor diameter was 3.3 and 3.5 cm (range 1.0 to 4.0). None of the patients had positive surgical margins detected at either frozen section or final paraffin section analysis. The mean margin width was 2.2 mm (median 2.0, range 0 to 6). Of the 115 patients, 114 had margins of 5 mm or less (99.1%), 97 (84.3%) had margins of 3 mm or less, and 26 had margins of 0 mm (22.6%). At a mean follow-up of 65 months (median 66, range 9 to 105), all patients were alive. No distant metastasis was detected. Local recurrence was detected in 1 patient (0.9%) at a different site in the kidney. No major surgical complications, such as hemorrhage or urinary leakage/urinoma requiring reoperation, occurred. Considering only the 97 patients with follow-up of more than 3 years in the analysis, the mean and median follow-up time was 73 and 69 months (range 37 to 105), respectively. All 97 patients were alive with no evidence of disease at the last visit. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study have shown that mini-margin NSS is a safe and effective approach for treating early localized RCC of 4 cm or less.

To investigate the expression of P53 protein and its clinical significance in prostatic carcinoma.Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 45 cases of prostatic carcinoma (PCa) and 10 cases of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) were analyzed retrospectively with immunohistochemical Elivision staining method. The relationship of P53 expression with prostate cancer stage, grade, PSA, endocrine therapeutic effect and prognosis was evaluated.The positive staining rates of p53 protein expression were 51.1% and 10.0% respectively in patients with PCa and BPH (P0.05); 70.0% and 25.0% in PCa patients at pathological stage D and stages A approximately C respectively (P0.05); 14.3% and 56.7% in those with Gleason scoreor = 7 and7 (P0.05); 20.0% and 60.0% in those with PSAor = 10 microg/L and PSA10 micro/L (P0.05 ); 25.0% and 72.3% in those who responded to endocrine therapy and those who failed to respectively (P0.05). Log Rank analyses showed that the survival time of the PCa patients with negative P53 expression was obviously longer than those with the positive (P0.05 ).There were correlations between P53 expression and tumor grade, tumor stage and survival time, so the expression of P53 could be regarded as a prognostic molecular marker and a predictor of endocrine therapeutic effect for prostate cancer.

To evaluate the effect and safety of transurethral prostatectomy with the bipolar plasma kinetic technique (PKRP) in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia(BPH).Two hundred and ninty-seven BPH patients underwent transurethral prostatectomy with the bipolar plasma kinetic technique. The preoperative estimated weight of the prostate ranged from 35 g to 102 g, averaging 52 g.The operation lasted 40 approximately 65 min, averaging 51 min. The resected tissues weighed 40 approximately 80 g, averaging 46 g. During the operation no transurethral resection (TUR) syndrome occurred. The catheter was removed 4 approximately 5 days after the operation, all with fluent urination. The patients were followed up for 2 approximately 33 months. IPSS decreased from average 31.5 preoperatively to average 6.8 postoperatively (P0.001). Average maximum flow-rate (Q(max)) decreased from 6.3 ml/s preoperatively to 18.6 ml/ s postoperatively (P0.001). Preoperative average residual urine was 97 ml and reduced to average 9 ml after the operation. Temporary incontinence occurred in 4 cases, perioperative hemorrhage in 2, and urethral stricture in 1.Transurethral prostatectomy with the bipolar plasma kinetic technique is a safe and effective means for the treatment of BPH.

To observe the effect of the combined therapy of intervention, operation and biology in patients with middle-advanced renal cell carcinoma.Combined therapy was used in 52 cases as combined care groups and the single operational therapy was used in 50 cases as control group. Compare their resection rates, surgical risks and 3, 5 years survival rates.In the combined care group, the excision rate was 100%, the average amount of blood transfusion during the operation was 280 ml, the average operation time was 100 minutes, and the 3, 5 years survival rates were 73% and 50%; While in the control group, the results were 90%, 396 ml, 130 minutes, 55% and 27% respectively. There were significant differences between 2 groups (P0.05).Combined therapy could elevate resection rates and 3, 5 years survival rates and decrease surgical risks.