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Background: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a pregnancy-specific complication characterized by pruritus without skin damage and jaundice. The poor perinatal outcomes include fetal distress, preterm birth, and unexpected intrauterine death. However, the mechanism of ICP leading to poor prognosis is still unclear.Methods: We analyzed 10 ICP and 10 normal placental specimens through quantitative proteomics of data-independent acquisition (DIA) to screen and identify differentially expressed proteins. GO, KEGG, COG/KOG, StringDB, InterProScan, Metascape, BioGPS, and NetworkAnalyst databases were used in this study. PITA, miRanda, TargetScan, starBase, and LncBase Predicted v.2 were used for constructing a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. Cytoscape was used for drawing regulatory networks, and cytoHubba was used for screening core nodes. The ICP rat models were used to validate the pathological mechanism.Results: GO, KEGG, and COG/KOG functional enrichment analysis results showed the differentially expressed proteins participated in autophagy, autophagosome formation, cofactor binding, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and coenzyme transport and metabolism. DisGeNET analysis showed that these differentially expressed proteins were associated with red blood cell disorder and slow progression. We further analyzed first 12 proteins in the upregulated and downregulated differentially expressed proteins and incorporated clinicopathologic parameters. Our results showed HBG1, SPI1, HBG2, HBE1, FOXK1, KRT72, SLC13A3, MBD2, SP9, GPLD1, MYH7, and BLOC1S1 were associated with ICP development. ceRNA network analysis showed that MBD2, SPI1, FOXK1, and SLC13A3 were regulated by multiple miRNAs and lncRNAs.Conclusion: ICP was associated with autophagy. The ceRNA network of MBD2, SPI1, FOXK1, and SLC13A3 was involved in ICP progression, and these core proteins might be potential target.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Frequency distribution of selected variables in Wilms tumor patients and cancer-free controls.

Additional file 1. Fig. S1. Scaffold implantation. Fig. S2. TGAthermograms of collagen, HA-collagen nanofibrous films and HA. Fig. S3. Typicalstress-strain curves of the collagen and HA-collagen nanofibrous films.Table S1. Contact water angle andmechanical properties of collagen and HA-collagen nanofibers. Fig. S4. Effectivecell adhesion to collagen and HA-collagen nanofibrous films. Fig. S5. Invitro cyto-compatibility assay. Fig. S6. Double immunofluorescence analysis of regeneratedurethral sections on week 2 after the implantation. Fig. S7. Double immunofluorescence analysis of regeneratedurethral sections on week 16 after the implantation

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Best parameter select for Meta-transcript linkage group cluster. Red represents all 50 species identified; gray represents more than 30, less than or equal to 49; less than 30 is not shown. Fig. S2. Enterovirus phylogenetic tree between mild & severe case using whole genome wide. A: the phylogenetic tree of the enterovirus 71. B: the phylogenetic tree of the coxsackievirus A4. Red color highlight in branch means mild case and black means severe case. The branch name started with “gi” as the reference sequences. Fig. S3. Proportion of DEGs in different age. Yellow, mild case, Red, severe case. Fig. S4. Gene marker identify algorithm (LOOCV) to find microorganisms gene marker index distinguishing Severe & Mild cases. A: minimum redundancy–maximum relevance (mRMR) feature selection method and leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) steps. ‘x’ means any genes and ‘a’ means weight of the gene in the formula, it can be plus and minus. B: Find the optimum lowest error rate subset to build a linear discrimination classifier. Fig. S5. The rpkm value of all 20 gene markers for the mild and severe case distinguish index model. Yellow, mild case, Red, severe case. The annotation of gene markers were list left together with the weight of each gene in the mRMR selection method. The red box highlight the shared 2 genes in the model build from samples only EV71 positive. Fig. S6. EV71 positive samples index model for distinguish severe and mild case. A: leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) to find the optimum subset to build a linear discrimination classifier (18 genes, Training: M:S = 31:35). B: For each individual, an index was calculated to evaluate the risk of severe HFMD disease. The histogram shows the distribution of indices for all individuals. Red means mild case and blue means severe case. C: new samples for test use the index model (Verify: M:S = 10:10). Lowest error rate: 16.67%. Mild case and severe case were distinguished by the index model (p

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Vascular grafts fabricated with cellularized tubular HA/collagen nanofibrous scaffold facilitates vascular reconstruction. H&E staining the cross-section of a retrieved tubular HA/collagen nanofibrous grafts 6 weeks after transplant at 2.5 $$\times $$ �� (upper panel) and 40 $$\times $$ �� (lower panel) compared with rabbit carotid artery (b, d, g). Scale bars, 100 ��m. Table S1. The size of the obtained electrospun tubular HA/collagen nanofibrous scaffolds.

BackgroundOn the present trajectory, COVID is inevitably becoming a global epidemic, leading to concerns regarding the pandemic potential in China and other countries.ObjectiveIn this study, we use the time-dependent reproduction number (Rt) to comprise the COVID transmissibility across different countries.MethodsWe used data from Jan 20, 2019, to Feb 29, 2020, on the number of newly confirmed cases, obtained from the reports published by the CDC, to infer the incidence of infectious over time. A two-step procedure was used to estimate the Rt. The first step used data on known index-secondary cases pairs, from publicly available case reports, to estimate the serial interval distribution. The second step estimated the Rt jointly from the incidence data and the information data in the first step. Rt was then used to simulate the epidemics across all major cities in China and typical countries worldwide.ResultsBased on a total of 126 index-secondary cases pairs from 4 international regions, we estimated that the serial interval for SARS-2-CoV was 4.18 (IQR 1.92 – 6.65) days. Domestically, Rt of China, Hubei province, Wuhan had fallen below 1.0 on 9 Feb, 10 Feb and 13 Feb (Rt were 0.99±0.02, 0.99±0.02 and 0.96±0.02), respectively. Internationally, as of 26 Feb, statistically significant periods of COVID spread (Rt >1) were identified for most regions, except for Singapore (Rt was 0.92±0.17).ConclusionsThe epidemic in China has been well controlled, but the worldwide pandemic has not been well controlled. Worldwide preparedness and vulnerability against COVID-19 should be regarded with more care.What is already known on this subject?The basic reproduction number (R0) and the-time-dependent reproduction number (Rt) are two important indicators of infectious disease transmission. In addition, Rt as a derivative of R0 could be used to assess the epidemiological development of the disease and effectiveness of control measures. Most current researches used data from earlier periods in Wuhan and refer to the epidemiological features of SARS, which are possibly biased. Meanwhile, there are fewer studies discussed the Rt of COVID-19. Current clinical and epidemiological data are insufficient to help us understand the full view of the potential transmission of this disease.What this study adds?We use up-to-data observation of the serial interval and cases arising from local transmission to calculate the Rt in different outbreak level area and every province in China as well as five-top sever outbreak countries and other overseas. By comparing the Rt, we discussed the situation of outbreak around the world.

Cooling principle is adopted in roadbed constructions in permafrost regions on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau for protecting the underlying permafrost. One way is to use duct-ventilated embankment. Ground temperature data were collected along experimental embankments in Beiluhe section of the Qinghai–Tibet railway. Analyses of ground temperature changes and heat influx indicate that ventilation ducts effectively cool the soils surrounding the ducts in the embankment. Permafrost behavior beneath conventional embankment and test embankments with ducts installed at high and low positions was studied over 3 years. The permafrost under the conventional embankment and the duct at a high position in the embankment decreasingly absorbs heat during the period. The ground temperature of the permafrost under the conventional embankment rises and that under the duct at a high position embankment decreases slightly. The temperature of the permafrost under the duct at a low position decreased remarkably. These findings demonstrate that a ventilated embankment with a low position duct produces beneficial effects that actively cool the subgrade soils and keep the roadbed thermally stable. Accordingly, they were strongly recommended for use in the construction of embankments in the permafrost regions on the plateau.

The study was set to analyze the predictive values of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), Ghrelin, Neurexin, and Neuroligin protein expression on postoperative prognosis of laparoscopic surgery in children with Hirschsprung disease. 281 cases of children with Hirschsprung disease, admitted into Guangdong Women and Children Hospital and Guangzhou women and children’s medical center from March 2009 to March 2014, were treated with laparoscopic radical surgery for Hirschsprung disease. They were divided into the good and the poor prognosis groups according to their recuperation and complications. Protein expressions of TGF-β1, Ghrelin, Neurexin, and Neuroligin were prospectively analyzed. The correlations between the expressions of these proteins and the prognosis were analyzed. There were 129 cases of children with poor prognosis, accounting for 45.9 %. There were no significant differences in the expressions of TGF-β1 mRNA and proteins within the group in both the groups (p > 0.05). TGF-β1 mRNA and protein expressions of the poor prognosis group were significantly higher than those of the good prognosis group in each segment of intestine (p