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T0 understand the population distribution, species abundance and habitats requirement of a medicinal animal, Centropus sinensis, in Guangxi Province.Line transect methods were used to census population number and habitat types in 18 counties or cities of Guangxi.Centropus sinensis distributed in all study area, with a higher population density in the south than in the north. Among seven habitat types, the species preferred living in forest-farmland ecotone, while seldom in broad-leaves forest or plantations.The results of habitat preference show an advantage to the population recovering for forest-farmland ecotone commonly existing in Guangxi Province. But the speed of population recovering is slowly under illegal hunting pressure. More attention should be paid to protect this species.