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In this paper, we study the stability, accuracy and convergence behavior of various numerical schemes for phase-field modeling through a simple ODE model. Both theoretical analysis and numerical experiments are carried out on this ODE model to demonstrate the limitation of most numerical schemes that have been used in practice. One main conclusion is that the first-order fully implicit scheme is the only robust algorithm for phase-field simulations while all other schemes[Formula: see text]that have been analyzed [Formula: see text] may have convergence issue if the time step size is not exceedingly small. More specifically, by rigorous analysis in most cases, we have the following conclusions: (i) The first-order fully implicit scheme converges to the correct steady state solution for all time step sizes. In the case of multiple solutions, one of the solution branches always converges to the correct steady state solution. (ii) The first-order convex splitting scheme, which is equivalent to the first-order fully implicit scheme with a different time scaling, always converges to the correct steady state solution but may seriously lack numerical accuracy for transient solutions. (iii) For the second-order fully implicit and convex splitting schemes, for any time step size [Formula: see text], there exists an initial condition [Formula: see text], with [Formula: see text], such that the numerical solution converges to the wrong steady state solution. (iv) For [Formula: see text], all second-order schemes studied in this paper converge to the correct steady state solution although severe numerical oscillations occur for most of them if the time step size is not sufficiently small. (v) An unconditionally energy-stable scheme (such as the modified Crank–Nicolson scheme) is not necessarily better than a conditionally energy-stable scheme (such as the Crank–Nicolson scheme). Most, if not all, of the above conclusions are expected to be true for more general Allen–Cahn and other phase-field models.

Modeling the microstructure evolution of a material embedded in a device often involves integral boundary conditions. Here we propose a modified Nitsche's method to solve the Poisson equation with an integral boundary condition, which is coupled to phase-field equations of the microstructure evolution of a strongly correlated material undergoing metal-insulator transitions. Our numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed method achieves optimal convergence rate while the rate of convergence of the conventional Lagrange multiplier method is not optimal. Furthermore, the linear system derived from the modified Nitsche's method can be solved by an iterative solver with algebraic multigrid preconditioning. The modified Nitsche's method can be applied to other physical boundary conditions mathematically similar to this electric integral boundary condition., 9 pages, 1 figure

An egg-shell-type Ag/SiO2 pellet catalyst with an optimized thickness of the Ag-shell exhibits both enhanced activity and selectivity for DMO hydrogenation to MG.

Mother-child cohesion and friendship quality have been shown to be protective factors against the development of children's depressive symptoms. However, the possible direct and indirect pathways from these two important interpersonal relationships to children's depressive symptoms need to be further elucidated. Moreover, these associations have not been examined from a developmental perspective. Therefore, this study examined the direct and indirect relations among developmental trajectories of mother-child cohesion, friendship quality, and depressive symptoms in children.A total of 4078 Chinese children (45.2 % girls, MThe developmental trajectories of both mother-child cohesion and friendship quality were negatively and directly associated with the developmental trajectory of children's depressive symptoms. The developmental trajectory of friendship quality was indirectly associated with the developmental trajectory of depressive symptoms through the mediating role of mother-child cohesion.This study did not investigate father-child cohesion and other important psychological mechanisms linking interpersonal relationships to depressive symptoms.The findings documented the direct and indirect relations among mother-child cohesion, friendship quality, and depressive symptoms from a developmental perspective, which suggested that prevention and intervention efforts target improving mother-child cohesion and friendship quality to reduce children's depressive symptoms.

Predicting climate anomalies months in advance is of tremendous socioeconomic value. Facing both theoretical and practical constraints, this realm of "seasonal prediction" progressed slowly in recent decades. Here we devise an innovative scheme that pushes the boundary of seasonal prediction by recognizing and isolating distinct spatiotemporal footprints left by modes of climate variability that cause varying annual cycles in response to the solar forcing. The predictive power harnessed from these spatiotemporal footprints results in a prediction skill surpassing existing models for seasonal forecasts of eastern China rainfall, which is one of the most challenging seasonal prediction problems. By considering varying annual cycles explicitly, the new scheme is able to predict multi-provincial flood and/or drought occurrences seamlessly over an entire year. This novel scheme is generically applicable for improving seasonal forecasts over other monsoon regions and for critical climate variables such as surface temperature and Arctic sea-ice extent.

Herein, we applied a rapid Joule heating method to fabricate MoNi4 nanoparticles anchored on MoOx nanorods (MoNi4/MoOx) for the electrocatalytic splitting of seawater.

In this paper, we investigate the dynamical properties of a stochastic predator-prey model with a fear effect. We also introduce infectious disease factors into prey populations and distinguish prey populations into susceptible prey and infected prey populations. Then, we discuss the effect of Lévy noise on the population considering extreme environmental situations. First of all, we prove the existence of a unique global positive solution for this system. Second, we demonstrate the conditions for the extinction of three populations. Under the conditions that infectious diseases are effectively prevented, the conditions for the existence and extinction of susceptible prey populations and predator populations are explored. Third, the stochastic ultimate boundedness of system and the ergodic stationary distribution without Lévy noise are also demonstrated. Finally, we use numerical simulations to verify the conclusions obtained and summarize the work of the paper.

Background: Both microRNA (miR)-205 and GATA Binding Protein 3 (GATA3) were involved in cervical cancer (CC), yet their correlation remained poorly understood. The authors' study aimed to unveil their correlation in CC. Materials and Methods: Clinical cervical tissue samples were collected. Survival rates of CC patients with high or low miR-205 and GATA3 expressions were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curve. CC cell viability, migration, and tube formation were measured by cell counting kit-8 assay, scratch assay, and tube formation assay, respectively. The potential binding sites between miR-205 and GATA3 were predicted by TargetScan, and confirmed with dual-luciferase reporter assay. Relative expressions of miR-205, GATA3, vascular endothelial growth factor, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and vimentin were quantified with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot as needed. Results: MiR-205 was increased, yet GATA3 was decreased in CC, indicating that they were negatively correlated. Upregulating miR-205 increased miR-205 expression and CC cell viability and promoted migration and tube formation, yet decreased GATA3 expression, while downregulating miR-205 exerted the opposite effects. GATA3 was the target gene of miR-205, and reversed the effect of miR-205 on GATA3 expression and cell viability, migration, and tube formation in CC cells by reversing the effects of miR-205 on migration- and tube formation-related protein expressions. Conclusion: MiR-205 promotes CC cell viability, migration, and tube formation in vitro by targeting GATA3, providing new evidence for the implication of miR-205 in CC and a possible therapeutic method for CC. Clinical Trial Registration number: ZLK-20181103-01.

Objective. To establish and verify the clinical prediction model of lung metastasis in renal cancer patients. Method. Kidney cancer patients from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2017, in the SEER database were enrolled in this study. In the first section, LASSO method was adopted to select variables. Independent influencing factors were identified after multivariate logistic regression analysis. In the second section, machine learning (ML) algorithms were implemented to establish models and 10-foldcross-validation was used to train the models. Finally, receiver operating characteristic curves, probability density functions, and clinical utility curve were applied to estimate model’s performance. The final model was shown by a website calculator. Result. Lung metastasis was confirmed in 7.43% (3171 out of 42650) of study population. In multivariate logistic regression, bone metastasis, brain metastasis, grade, liver metastasis, N stage, T stage, and tumor size were independent risk factors of lung metastasis in renal cancer patients. Primary site and sequence number were independent protection factors of LM in renal cancer patients. The above 9 impact factors were used to develop the prediction models, which included random forest (RF), naive Bayes classifier (NBC), decision tree (DT), xgboost (XGB), gradient boosting machine (GBM), and logistic regression (LR). In 10-foldcross-validation, the average area under curve (AUC) ranked from 0.907 to 0.934. In ROC curve analysis, AUC ranged from 0.879–0.922. We found that the XGB model performed best, and a Web-based calculator was done according to XGB model. Conclusion. This study provided preliminary evidence that the ML algorithm can be used to predict lung metastases in patients with kidney cancer. This low cost, noninvasive and easy to implement diagnostic method is useful for clinical work. Of course this model still needs to undergo more real-world validation.

The article introduces the application advantages of financial engineering in Internet financial risk management and control in detail. Through investigation and research, it finds out the main risks in Internet financial innovation, and proposes effective measures to optimize risk control, such as building a risk management and control system, enhancing Internet finance. Taking an Internet financial enterprise as an example to explore the practical application of financial engineering in its risk management and control, so as to improve the risk control level of Internet finance.

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death among cancer patients worldwide. Carbon-ion radiotherapy is a radical nonsurgical treatment with high local control rates and no serious adverse events. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is one of the most common chemical modifications in eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA) and has important effects on the stability, splicing, and translation of mRNAs. Recently, the regulatory role of m6A in tumorigenesis has been recognized more and more. However, the dysregulation of m6A and its role in carbon-ion radiotherapy of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. In this study, we found that the level of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) and its mediated m6A modification were elevated in NSCLC cells with carbon-ion radiotherapy. Knockdown of METTL3 in NSCLC cells impaired proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we found that METTL3-mediated m6A modification of mRNA inhibited the decay of H2A histone family member X (H2AX) mRNA and enhanced its expression, which led to enhanced DNA damage repair and cell survival.

In this study, the aerosol optical depth (AOD) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Collection 6.1 (C6.1) product was compared with ground-based measurements at five sites of the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) in North Africa. The MODIS AOD showed a good correlation coefficient of ~0.78, a very small mean bias error of 0.009, and a root mean square error of 0.126 with AERONET. The Dark Target/Deep Blue (DT/DB) algorithm showed better performance at low aerosol loading while underestimating AOD at higher aerosol loading, mainly for coarse-dominated aerosol types. This work also showed the benefits of using MODIS retrievals as a reliable data source for aerosols and providing a long-term aerosol type classification. The primary aerosol type is dust emitted from the Sahara Desert, and the dusty atmosphere becomes gradually mixed with pollution aerosols approaching the coastal region. The annual mean MODIS AOD at 550 nm and Ångström exponent at 412-650 nm (AE) ranged from 0.17 to 0.45 and from 0.13 to 1.25, respectively, in Algeria between 2001 and 2019. Lower AOD (0.22) and higher AE (1) were found in the northern region, while the highest AOD (0.35 to 0.45) and the lowest AE (0.25) were observed over the Tanezrouft desert in southern Algeria. The seasonal mean AOD was highest in summer, while the lowest was in winter due to very high easterly and northeasterly Harmattan surface wind over Zone of Chotts and the Tidikelt Depression, respectively. The negative AOD trends observed over Algeria could be partially connected to the decline (increase) in surface (850 hPa) winds over potential dust source areas in southern Algeria.

Phase separation (PS) proteins form droplets to regulate myriad membraneless organelles (MLOs) and cellular pathways such as transcription, signaling transduction and protein degeneration. PS droplets are usually liquid-like and can convert to hydrogel/solid-like under certain conditions. The PS behavior of proteins is regulated by co-PS partners and mutations, modifications, oligomerizations, repeat regions and alternative splicing of the proteins. With growing interest in PS condensates and associated proteins, we established PhaSepDB 1.0, which provided experimentally verified PS proteins and MLO-related proteins. The past few years witnessed a surge in PS-related research works; thus, we kept updating PhaSepDB. The current PhaSepDB contains 1419 PS entries, 770 low-throughput MLO-related entries and 7303 high-throughput MLO-related entries. We provided more detailed annotations of PS proteins, including PS verification experiments, regions used in experiments, phase diagrams of different experimental conditions, droplet states, co-PS partners and PS regulatory information. We believe that researchers can go further in studying PS proteins with the updated PhaSepDB (http://db.phasep.pro/).

Excessive phosphorus (P) in water is the main reason for eutrophication, which has been a global problem for many years. For the adsorption treatment of phosphorus-containing wastewater, adsorbents are key research topics. In this study, we develop the synthesis of a series of Ce/Fe adsorbents by modifying the commercial cerium carbonate with Fe

This study investigated the stability and quality of life (QoL) outcomes of patients who received mandibular reconstructions with the anterolateral thigh perforator flap (ALTF) following tumor resection.Thirty-five patients with oral tumors that were resected and reconstructed with ALTF were included in this study. Volumetric analyses of each ALTF were performed at 6 to 18 months postoperatively. A QoL survey was also conducted 2 years postoperatively and compared by means of an independent-sample t test with 28 patients who had mandibular reconstructions with free fibula flap.There were no significant volumetric changes in the ALTF or the QoL results of either group.Patients with advanced oral cancers have a higher risk of recurrence that mandates closer radiographic surveillance. This may be impaired by artifacts from metallic implants required in free fibula flap reconstructions. Anterolateral thigh perforator flap may be a viable alternative because it is easier for secondary resection, amenable for direct repairs, has volumetric stability, has a lower cost and results in a comparable QoL outcome.

The regular treatment of tumors involving masseter muscle and buccal space like accessory parotid pleomorphic adenoma is performed with external approaches including parotidectomy and facelift incision, which require a large flap elevation and leave an external scar. The current study aimed to revisit the clinical features of the benign tumors involving masseter muscle and buccal space in the mid-posterior cheek region and presented a case series of the patients (n = 10) who underwent surgical resection by transoral finger-retraction. The accessory parotid pleomorphic adenoma (n = 4) and hemangioma (n = 3) were a little bit more in this region. We focused on the surgical procedure of very rare masseteric schwannoma, due to the deep localization of the masseteric mass in the intraoral space. Transoral finger-retraction as a supplemental surgical technique was used to allow for the tumor involving the masseteric and buccal spaces to be delivered into the oral cavity for complete resection. The use of a facial nerve monitoring during the surgical dissection was also recommend. Collectively, this report demonstrated the ability to adequately and safely resect tumors involving masseter muscle and buccal space using a transoral approach facilitated by finger retraction, with better cosmetic results and without visible scar formation.

We have investigated the growth of polar LaFeO3 thin films on SrTiO3 (001) substrates with various terrace widths by pulsed laser deposition. It is found that the growth of LaFeO3 films undergoes a transition from a two-dimensional (2D) mode to a three-dimensional (3D) mode due to polarity compensation. Notably, however, the critical thickness of the growth mode transition from 2D to 3D can be modulated by the terrace width of the substrate, i.e., when the film is 30 monolayers thick, it becomes 3D growth on the substrates with narrow terrace width (∼100 nm) while it maintains 2D growth on those with wide terrace width (∼400 nm). Combined with dynamic and kinetic models, we have found that the modulation of the critical thickness from 2D to 3D is rationalized as a result of competition between the dynamic process and the kinetic process. These findings highlight the key influence of substrate surface morphology on the epitaxial growth of complex oxide films, shedding light on the construction of multifunctional artificial low-dimensional structures with polar stackings.

Background The aim of this study was to construct a predictive signature integrating tumour-mutation- and copy-number-variation-associated features using machine learning to precisely predict early relapse and survival in patients with resected stage I–II pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Methods Patients with microscopically confirmed stage I–II pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma undergoing R0 resection at the Chinese PLA General Hospital between March 2015 and December 2016 were enrolled. Whole exosome sequencing was performed, and genes with different mutation or copy number variation statuses between patients with and without relapse within 1 year were identified using bioinformatics analysis. A support vector machine was used to evaluate the importance of the differential gene features and to develop a signature. Signature validation was performed in an independent cohort. The associations of the support vector machine signature and single gene features with disease-free survival and overall survival were assessed. Biological functions of integrated genes were further analysed. Results Overall, 30 and 40 patients were included in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Some 11 genes with differential patterns were first identified; using a support vector machine, four features (mutations of DNAH9, TP53, and TUBGCP6, and copy number variation of TMEM132E) were further selected and integrated to construct a predictive signature (the support vector machine classifier). In the training cohort, the 1-year disease-free survival rates were 88 per cent (95 per cent c.i. 73 to 100) and 7 per cent (95 per cent c.i. 1 to 47) in the low-support vector machine subgroup and the high-support vector machine subgroup respectively (P < 0.001). Multivariable analyses showed that high support vector machine was significantly and independently associated with both worse overall survival (HR 29.20 (95 per cent c.i. 4.48 to 190.21); P < 0.001) and disease-free survival (HR 72.04 (95 per cent c.i. 6.74 to 769.96); P < 0.001). The area under the curve of the support vector machine signature for 1-year disease-free survival (0.900) was significantly larger than the area under the curve values of the mutations of DNAH9 (0.733; P = 0.039), TP53 (0.767; P = 0.024), and TUBGCP6 (0.733; P = 0.023), the copy number variation of TMEM132E (0.700; P = 0.014), TNM stage (0.567; P = 0.002), and differentiation grade (0.633; P = 0.005), suggesting higher predictive accuracy for prognosis. The value of the signature was further validated in the validation cohort. The four genes included in the support vector machine signature (DNAH9, TUBGCP6, and TMEM132E were novel in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma) were significantly associated with the tumour immune microenvironment, G protein-coupled receptor binding and signalling, cell–cell adhesion, etc. Conclusion The newly constructed support vector machine signature precisely and powerfully predicted relapse and survival in patients with stage I–II pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after R0 resection.

BackgroundCleft lip and/or palate (CLP) can lead to severe nasolabial deformities that significantly affect the appearance of the patient. Among all types of nasolabial deformities, narrow nostril deformities are the most troublesome, causing poor and unstable surgical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to develop an algorithm for surgical method selection for revision of narrow nostril deformities secondary to CLP based on retrospective clinical data.Materials and methodsPatients with narrow nostril deformities secondary to CLP were enrolled in the study. Before surgery, patients' clinical data were collected and the width of the nasal floor and the length of the alar rim were measured. Surgical methods were determined according to the measurements. After surgery, a nostril retainer was applied for 6 months to consolidate and maintain the nostril shape. The surgical method and postsurgical changes were recorded for the final summary of the algorithm to select surgical methods for narrow nostril deformities.ResultsThe data from 9 patients were analyzed. According to the width of the nasal floor and the length of the alar rim, correct surgical methods were determined. Four patients received nasolabial skin flaps to widen the soft tissue of the nasal floor. Three patients received upper lip scar tissue flaps to treat the narrow nasal floor. For the short alar rim, free alar composite tissue flap or narrowing of the nostril of the noncleft side was recommended.ConclusionThe width of the nasal floor and the length of the alar rim are critical elements to consider when selecting the correct surgical method for revising narrow nostril deformities secondary to CLP. The proposed algorithm provides a reference for selecting surgical methods in future clinical practice.

The mutton quality of Chinese Tan lambs (Ovis aries) has declined as feeding patterns have shifted from pasturing to pen rationing. Mutton quality is affected by fatty acids, and rumen microorganisms play a role in the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids, long-chain fatty acids, and conjugated linoleic acids. We used 16S rDNA sequencing to analyze the effects of two feeding patterns on the rumen bacteria of Tan lambs. In a randomized block design with 24 newborn Tan lambs, 12 lambs were fed by ewes in pasture and 12 were fed by pen-fed ewes. At 2 months, the biceps femoris and the longissimus dorsi were analyzed by gas chromatography for intramuscular fat content and fatty acid composition, and DNA in the rumen contents was extracted and used to analyze the structure of the bacterial community. Different feeding patterns had no significant effect on the intramuscular fat content of the biceps femoris and longissimus dorsi of the lambs, but there was a significant effect on fatty acid composition. Rumen bacteria were significantly more diverse in the pasture group than in the pen-ration group (P < 0.01). Twenty-one phyla were identified in the pasture group, and 14 phyla were identified in the pen-ration group. The dominant phyla in the pasture group were Bacteroidetes and Fibrobacteres; the dominant phyla in the pen-ration group were Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly higher in the pen-ration group than in the pasture group (P < 0.01). Diversity at the genus level was also higher in the pasture group, with 176 genera in the pasture group and 113 genera in the pen-ration group. The dominant genera in the pasture group were Prevotella_1, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, and Bacteroidales_BS11_gut_group_Na; the dominant genera in the pen-ration group were Prevotella_1, Prevotella_7, Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-001, and Succinivibrionaceae_NA.

PurposeThe rapid development of smart cities and green logistics has stimulated a lot of research on reverse logistics, and the diversified data also provide the possibility of innovative research on location-routing problem (LRP) under reverse logistics. The purpose of this paper is to use panel data to assist in the study of multi-cycle and multi-echelon LRP in reverse logistics network (MCME-LRP-RLN), and thus reduce the cost of enterprise facility location.Design/methodology/approachFirst, a negative utility objective function is generated based on panel data and incorporated into a multi-cycle and multi-echelon location-routing model integrating reverse logistics. After that, an improved algorithm named particle swarm optimization-multi-objective immune genetic algorithm (PSO-MOIGA) is proposed to solve the model.FindingsThere is a paradox between the total cost of the enterprise and the negative social utility, which means that it costs a certain amount of money to reduce the negative social utility. Firms can first design an open-loop logistics system to reduce cost, and at the same time, reduce negative social utility by leasing facilities.Practical implicationsThis study provides firms with more flexible location-routing options by dividing them into multiple cycles, so they can choose the right option according to their development goals.Originality/valueThis research is a pioneering study of MCME-LRP-RLN problem and incorporates data analysis techniques into operations research modeling. Later, the PSO algorithm was incorporated into the crossover of MOIGA in order to solve the multi-objective large-scale problems, which improved the convergence speed and performance of the algorithm. Finally, the results of the study provide some valuable management recommendations for logistics planning.

The simultaneous electro-oxidation of Ni (II)-citrate and electrodeposition recovery of nickel metal were attempted in a combined electro-oxidation-electrodeposition reactor with a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode and a polished titanium cathode. Effects of initial nickel citrate concentration, current density, initial pH, electrode spacing, electrolyte type, and initial electrolyte dosage on electrochemical performance were examined. The efficiencies of Ni (II)-citrate removal and nickel metal recovery were determined to be 100% and over 72%, respectively, under the optimized conditions (10 mA/cm

2D and 3D seismic data and basin simulation were used to investigate the gas hydrate distribution and natural gas migration pathways in the Qiongdongnan Basin (QDNB). Hydrate-related amplitude anomalies and extensive bottom simulating reflectors (BSRs) were mapped within the uppermost part. Based on their seismic reflection characteristics, the three main types of natural gas migration pathways and their distributions in the QDNB were identified through high-resolution seismic data. Basin modeling was carried out to document the migration efficiency of different migration pathways and their effects on hydrate enrichment. The basin modeling results show the following: (1) Diapirs, fault structures, and fractures constitute the three main types of natural gas migration pathways that transport the thermogenic gas from the deep to shallow layers in the QDNB. (2) The three migration pathways impact hydrate enrichment in different ways. Diapirs and faults contribute significantly to hydrate enrichment due to their higher migration efficiency. In comparison, the migration efficiency of the fracture systems is lower, with minimal benefit to hydrate enrichment. (3) The natural gas hydrate in the QDNB is mainly distributed along the diapirs and deep faults and generally scattered around the fracture system. These conclusions indicate that the migration pathways in the QDNB are regionally distributed and are closely related to hydrate accumulation.

The quality of recovery (QoR) is an important indicator of a patient's health status in the early postoperative period. Despite its importance, the QoR from the patient's perspective is often neglected in clinical practice. This study was performed to survey and determine the QoR of surgical patients from their own subjective perspective and to provide a reference for the targeted postoperative care of surgical patients in the future.A descriptive and cross-sectional study.The Chinese version of the Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) scale was used to survey the QoR of 503 surgical patients in 20 surgical wards from 17 surgical departments of a large tertiary hospital in Sichuan Province, China. A questionnaire survey was administered to each patient before and after the operation, and the scores were compared.There were no significant differences in "feeling worried or anxious" and "feeling sad or depressed" between the preoperative and postoperative periods (P0.05). The postoperative scores for the other items were significantly lower than the preoperative scores. The total postoperative QoR-15 score was significantly lower than the total preoperative score (P0.001).The QoR-15 scores of surgical patients were lower after the surgery than before, and patients still needed care after discharge. Therefore, due to the gradual shortening of the length of stay (LOS) of surgical patients, it is necessary for hospitals to construct a complete surgical patient transitional care process to meet the needs of patients after discharge and promote patient rehabilitation.