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Glutamate receptors (GLR) are widely present in animals and plants, playing essential roles in regulating plant growth, development and stress response. At present, most studies of GLRs in plants are focused on Arabidopsis thaliana, while there have been few studies on rice. In this study, we identified 26 OsGLR genes in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Then, we analyzed the chromosomal location, physical and chemical properties, subcellular location, transmembrane (TM) helices, signal peptides, three-dimensional (3D) structure, cis-acting elements, evolution, chromatin accessibility, population variation, gene-coding sequence haplotype (gcHap) and gene expression under multiple abiotic stress and hormone treatments. The results showed that out of the 26 OsGLR genes, ten genes had the TM domain, signal peptides and similar 3D structures. Most OsGLRs exhibited high tissue specificity in expression under drought stress. In addition, several OsGLR genes were specifically responsive to certain hormones. The favorable gcHap of many OsGLR genes in modern varieties showed obvious differentiation between Xian/indica and Geng/japonica subspecies. This study, for the first time, comprehensively analyzes the OsGLR genes in rice, and provides an important reference for further research on their molecular function.

The objective of this study is to use the finite element (FE) method to predict the mechanical signals (interstitial fluid velocity, strain, pore pressure, and pore fluid velocity) produced by osteocyte during physiological activities. The model predicts that the amplitude and distribution of the mechanical signals are mainly affected by the loading rate. The magnitude of mechanical signals in the lacunar-canalicular system increases as the amplitude, frequency and amount of direction of load increase. Collagen hillocks can effectively amplify strain signals at the process. The established model can be used for studying the mechanism of bone mechanotransduction at the micro-level.

In-memory databases (IMDBs) have been the backbone of modern systems that demand high throughput and low latency. Because of the cost and volatility of DRAM, IMDBs become incompetent when dealing with workloads that require large data volume and strict durability. The emergence of non-volatile memory (NVM) brings new opportunities for IMDBs to tackle this situation. However, it is non-trivial to build an NVM-based IMDB, due to performance degradation, NVM programming complexity, and other challenges. In this paper, we present Tair-PMem , an NVM-based enterprise-strength database atop Redis, the most popular IMDB. Tair-PMem adopts a well-controlled data layout and a log-as-user-data design to mitigate NVM overheads. It eases the NVM programming complexity by providing a hybrid memory programming toolkit. To better leverage the enterprise-strength features and implementations from Redis, Tair-PMem retrofits it in a less intrusive way to achieve full compatibility and stability, while retaining its advanced features. With all of the above techniques elaborately implemented, Tair-PMem satisfies full durability, high throughput, and low latency at the same time. Tair-PMem has now been publicly available as a cloud service on Alibaba Cloud. To the best of our knowledge, Tair-PMem is the first cloud service that makes good use of the persistence capability of NVM.

Publisher Copyright: IEEE Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. Ambient backscatter communication (AmBC) is an emerging communication technology enabling green Internet of Things deployments. The widespread acceptance of this paradigm is limited by the low signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the signal impinging on the receiver antenna due to the strong direct path interference and unknown ambient signal. The adverse impact of these two factors can be mitigated by using noncoherent multiantenna receivers, which are known to require a higher SINR to reach the bit-error-rate (BER) performance of coherent receivers. However, considering the unknown ambient signal, unknown location of AmBC tags, and varying channel conditions, coherent receivers for AmBC systems are rarely studied in the literature. In this article, a coherent multiantenna receiver, which requires no prior information of the ambient signal for decoding the binary-phase-shift-keying (BPSK) modulated signal, is presented. The performance of the proposed receiver is compared with an ideal coherent receiver that has perfect phase information, and also with the performance of a noncoherent receiver, which assumes distributions for ambient signal and phase offset caused by the excess length of the backscatter path. Comparative simulation results show the designed receiver can achieve the same BER performance of the ideal coherent receiver with 1-dB more SINR, which corresponds to 5-dB or more gain with respect to noncoherent reception of on-off-keying modulated signals. Variation in the detection performance with the tag location shows that the coverage area is in the close vicinity of the transmitter and a larger region around the receiver, which is consistent with the theoretical results.

A template strategy is developed for the precision synthesis of biologically important “complex coacervates-in-dodecyl atmosphere” ultrathin lamellae possessing exceptional shape-preservation and charge-tolerance properties.

In-memory key-value stores (IMKVSes) serve many online applications because of their efficiency. To support data backup, popular industrial IMKVSes periodically take a point-in-time snapshot of the in-memory data with the system call fork. However, this mechanism can result in latency spikes for queries arriving during the snapshot period because fork leads the engine into the kernel mode in which the engine is out-of-service for queries. In contrast to existing research focusing on optimizing snapshot algorithms, we optimize the fork operation to address the latency spikes problem from the operating system (OS) level, while keeping the data persistent mechanism in IMKVSes unchanged. Specifically, we first conduct an in-depth study to reveal the impact of the fork operation as well as the optimization techniques on query latency. Based on findings in the study, we propose Async-fork to offload the work of copying the page table from the engine (the parent process) to the child process as copying the page table dominates the execution time of fork. To keep data consistent between the parent and the child, we design the proactive synchronization strategy. Async-fork is implemented in the Linux kernel and deployed into the online Redis database in public clouds. Our experiment results show that compared with the default fork method in OS, Async-fork reduces the tail latency of queries arriving during the snapshot period by 81.76% on an 8GB instance and 99.84% on a 64GB instance.

We present a novel design strategy for exploiting heterocycle aromaticity to fabricate new hot exciton materials. A series of new blue-emitting hot exciton materials based on non-aromatic pyrazolines has been successfully developed.

Inner stress that exists in most natural and artificial materials, such as rocks, coatings, glasses, and plastic products, has a significant impact on their tribological properties at any length scale. Here, we designed a bending-stress controllable micro-clamp that can be applied in a high-vacuum atomic force microscope with limited chamber space for the investigation of stress-dependent nanowear behavior. By accurately quantifying the bending degree of the sample in different directions, the mutual transformation and adjustment of tensile or compressive stress could be realized. The stability of the micro-clamp structure was further verified by simulating the bending deformation state of the sample through Ansys calculations. The maximum applied scratch area on the bended sample surface where the variation of bending-induced stress below 5% was defined by the Ansys simulations. The consistency of polyimide terephthalate (PET) wear inside this defined region under both bending-free and bending states verified the stability and reliability of micro-clamp. Finally, the designed micro-clamp was applied to study the effect of bending deformation on friction and wear of PET in the atomic force microscope tests, where the tensile stress generated with bending deformation was found to facilitate the nanowear of PET material sliding against a diamond probe.

Glutamate receptors (GLR) are widely present in animals and plants, playing essential roles in regulating plant growth, development and stress response. At present, most studies of GLRs in plants are focused on

In today’s education industry, online teaching is increasingly becoming an important teaching way, and it is necessary to evaluate the quality of online teaching so as to improve the overall level of the education industry. The online teaching quality evaluation is a typical multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problem, and its evaluation index can be expressed by linguistic term sets (LTSs) by decision makers (DMs). Especially, multi-granularity probabilistic linguistic term sets (MGPLTSs) produced from many DMs are more suitable to express complex fuzzy evaluation information, and they can not only provide different linguistic term set for different DMs the give their preferences, but also reflect the importance of each linguistic term. Based on the advantages of MGPLTSs, in this paper, we propose a transformation function of MGPLTSs based on proportional 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic representation model. On this basis, the operational laws and comparison rules of MGPLTSs are given. Then, we develop a new Choquet integral operator for MGPLTSs, which considers the relationship among attributes and does not need to consider the process of normalizing the probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTSs), and can effectively avoid the loss of evaluation information. At the same time, the properties of the proposed operator are also proved. Furthermore, we propose a new MAGDM method based on the new operator, and analyze the effectiveness of the proposed method by online teaching quality evaluation. Finally, by comparing with some existing methods, the advantages of the proposed method are shown.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked as the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Many abnormally expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in CRC were identified with the development of next-generation sequencing, most functions of which are largely unclear. In this study, we report that the lncRNA SLC7A11-AS1 was significantly overexpressed in CRC by analyzing TCGA database and 6 pairs of clinical samples. High SLC7A11-AS1 level was related to poor CRC overall survival and SLC7A11-AS1 knockdown could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cell lines. Furthermore, we found there was a positive correlation between the expression of SLC7A11-AS1 and its’ sense transcript SLC7A11. In HCT-8 cells, SLC7A11-AS1 knockdown decreased expression of both SLC7A11 and the nuclear level of NRF2, which happens to be the activator of SLC7A11 transcription. Interestingly, in SLC7A11-AS1 overexpressed CRC tissues, SLC7A11 and NRF2 were also upregulated. Moreover, the ROS levels increased with SLC7A11-AS1 knockdown in HCT-8 cells. And the down regulated expression of SLC7A11 and lower ROS level causing by SLC7A11-AS1 knocked down could be relieved by overexpressed NRF2. These results suggested that upregulated SLC7A11-AS1 might promote the formation and progression of CRC by increasing the expression of NRF2 and SLC7A11, which decreases the ROS level in cancer cells. Therefore, SLC7A11-AS1 could be a potential therapeutic target and diagnostic marker of CRC.

The water-dropping scheme plays an important role in the aerial firefighting mission. When a wildfire occurs, the main problem faced by the aircrew is how to choose the appropriate water-dropping scheme (speed, height and trajectory) to achieve the optimal firefighting effect. However, so far, the crew members can only rely on the existing experience to generate the scheme, which lacks the corresponding theory method support. To solve above problem, this paper proposes a fast optimization method of water-dropping scheme for fixed-wing firefighting aircraft. Through the feature extraction of grid distribution, the agent model between aircraft water-dropping scheme and water distribution polygon is built taking advantage of neural network. Meanwhile, the corresponding extinguishing efficiency evaluation model is established with discrete points of fire area. Based on these researches, the combined genetic algorithm is used for searching the optimal water-dropping scheme. Finally, the feasibility and rapidity of the method are demonstrated through the application of examples. It is also shown that the method can optimize the water-dropping scheme quickly instead of aircrew experience and play a role of auxiliary decision support for the firefighting mission of fixed-wing firefighting aircraft.

Scalable synthesis of multicompartment polyion complex (PIC) systems has been achieved via visible light-initiated RAFT polymerization of cationic monomer in the presence of anionic diblock copolymer micelles in water at 25 °C. This polymerization-induced hierarchical electrostatic self-assembly (hierarchical PIESA) implements structural hierarchy via programmable self-assembly to form multicompartment PIC micelles and their monolayer colloidal nanosheets and nanocages. The anionic micelles play decisive roles in such a hierarchical PIESA to access biologically relevant yet otherwise inaccessible multicompartment PIC systems.

We present a template strategy for precision synthesis of "complex coacervates-in-dodecyl atmosphere" ultrathin lamellae possessing exceptional shape-preservation and charge-tolerance properties.

We present the nanostructured multiphase condensation of complex coacervates in the dynamic evolving aqueous medium of liquid-liquid phase separation driven polymerization-induced electrostatic self-assembly (LLPS-PIESA). We show that the parent droplets evolve into nanostructured coacervate-in-coacervate multiphase condensates with diverse morphologies, such as dandelions, worms, lamellae, vesicles, and vesicle polymers, upon the kinetically dictated recruitment of anionic free chains, cationic growing chains, and nascent clusters from the dynamic evolving aqueous medium of LLPS-PIESA, under the interplay of electrostatic and arginine-like salt bridge interactions.

Objective. The lung is the second most common site of colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects and potential action mechanisms of Yifei Jianpi Tongfu formula (YJTF) in CRC lung metastasis in a comprehensive and systematic way by network analysis, molecular docking, and experimental verification. Methods. The main ingredients in YJTF were screened from the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database (TCMID), and the disease-related targets from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) and GeneCards and the compound-related targets from SwissTargetPrediction were collected. Then, Metascape was used for pathway annotation and enrichment analysis, and meanwhile, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. Molecular docking was carried out to investigate interactions between the active compounds and the potential targets. The in vivo effect of YJTF on CRC lung metastasis was observed in a tail vein injection mouse model. Results. A total of 243 active compounds and 81 disease-related targets of YJTF were selected for analysis. The results of multiple network analysis showed that the core targets of YJTF were enriched onto various cancer-related pathways, especially focal adhesion and adherens junction. The results of molecular docking demonstrated that all core compounds (quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, apigenin, and isorhamnetin) were capable of binding with AKT1, EGFR, SRC, ESR1, and PTGS2. Experimental validation in vivo demonstrated that YJTF combined with oxaliplatin could significantly reduce the number of lung metastases and improve the quality of life in mice. Further research suggested that YJTF inhibited CRC lung metastasis probably by modulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Conclusions. According to the analysis, YJTF can be considered as an effective adjuvant therapy for CRC lung metastasis.

Electrostatic manipulation of triblock terpolymer nanofilm compartmentalization has been achieved via visible light-initiated reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer aqueous dispersion pol...

The widespread applications of massive MTC are limited by energy availability, spectrum congestion, and device costs. The emerging AmBC not only addresses these bottlenecks but also opens opportunities for new applications. This article aims to explore AmBC-enhanced future ultra-low-power MTC. In this context, we present the development trends in AmBC prototype designs and discuss potential applications, highlight the specific features of the AmBC technology, and review AmBC receiver designs. Finally, we investigate and outline the future research challenges and trends from the practical aspects of AmBC systems.

In recent years, many cases of child sexual abuse have been exposed by the media. In addition to unscrupulous criminals and imperfect laws, children cannot correctly understand "sex" and lack of self-protection consciousness, which is also one of the sources of a series of tragedies. Therefore, the social attention of child sex education continues to rise. No matter family, school or society begin to advocate sex education, among which the role of family sex education can not be ignored. Based on the relevant research on the design of child sex education services, many literatures have identified the stakeholders of child sex education, put forward the issue of child sex education from the perspective of behavior design, and put forward the importance of parental participation. The key point of sex education for children is to drive parents' educational behavior and improve children's sexual knowledge acquisition degree. Parents' reasonable and perfect sex education can give children a healthier body and mind and avoid harm. But what kind of education form and content can better achieve the purpose has become the focus of social attention. This paper introduces the way of service design to integrate related resources and construct a service system to meet the needs of parents to carry out sex education for children. Information systems or software that strengthen, change or form a person's behavior, purpose or attitude without coercive means are called persuasion systems. It is proposed by Professor BJ Fogg from Stanford University to use persuasion technology to realize the design purpose of persuasion system, which can also be called "persuasive design". At present, theories of behavior table, FBM behavior model, eight steps of persuasive design, and persuasive web design have been formed, all of which are attributed to the unremitting research of scholars such as BJ Fogg and Andrew Chak. FBM model is a new model established by Fogg to study human behavior. It is a behavior model based on persuasive design. According to THE FBM model, there are three basic factors for individuals to produce behaviors. The first is motivation factor, which requires users to have certain motivation support to realize certain behaviors. Ability factor refers to the user's ability to achieve a behavior, or the difficulty of a behavior itself to the user's ability requirements; A trigger is a point of opportunity for the final completion of the action.Based on these theories, this paper will study the sex education model suitable for parents to realize in the family.With the support of persuasion theory, the behavior and needs of parents and children are analyzed to obtain the behavior table, and the three elements of behavior realization are analyzed according to Fogg behavior model. First of all, this paper analyzes the different behaviors that parents and children may have in the process of sex education, analyzes the relationship between them by using the behavior table, and analyzes the causes behind it. Secondly, this paper constructs the Fogg behavior model of children's sex education. Fogg behavior model is a new model established by Fogg to study human behavior. It is a behavior model based on persuasive design. According to Fogg's behavior model, there are three basic factors for individuals to produce behavior: motivation factor, ability factor and trigger factor. This paper analyzes the basic elements of parents' and children's behaviors in the process of sex education from three aspects of motivation, ability and trigger points, and puts forward some strategies to improve the quality of sex education for children, hoping to better improve the quality of sex education and play a positive role in promoting the development of sex education for children in the future.

Assuming the source label space subsumes the target one, Partial Video Domain Adaptation (PVDA) is a more general and practical scenario for cross-domain video classification problems. The key challenge of PVDA is to mitigate the negative transfer caused by the source-only outlier classes. To tackle this challenge, a crucial step is to aggregate target predictions to assign class weights by up-weighing target classes and down-weighing outlier classes. However, the incorrect predictions of class weights can mislead the network and lead to negative transfer. Previous works improve the class weight accuracy by utilizing temporal features and attention mechanisms, but these methods may fall short when trying to generate accurate class weight when domain shifts are significant, as in most real-world scenarios. To deal with these challenges, we propose the Multi-modality Cluster-calibrated partial Adversarial Network (MCAN). MCAN enhances video feature extraction with multi-modal features from multiple temporal scales to form more robust overall features. It utilizes a novel class weight calibration method to alleviate the negative transfer caused by incorrect class weights. The calibration method tries to identify and weigh correct and incorrect predictions using distributional information implied by unsupervised clustering. Extensive experiments are conducted on prevailing PVDA benchmarks, and the proposed MCAN achieves significant improvements when compared to state-of-the-art PVDA methods., Comment: Accepted by ACM Multimedia (ACMMM) 2022, update to camera-ready version. 8 pages of text, 5 figures, 2 tables

openaire: EC/H2020/101015956/EU//Hexa-X A long term evolution (LTE) signal is ubiquitously present, which make it an attractive signal source for ambient backscatter communications (AmBC). In this paper, we propose a system that uses LTE cell-specific reference signals (CRSs) transmitted by a base station as an ambient source and channel estimator at the user equipment (UE) as an AmBC receiver. One of the challenges in AmBC is direct path interference (DPI): The direct signal from the transmitter to the receiver is several orders of magnitude stronger than the scattered path. We propose a solution that operates withing the original LTE band. In order to mitigate the DPI, the backscatter device (BD) performs a frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation that introduces an artificial Doppler shift to the channel which is larger than the natural Doppler but still small enough such that it can be tracked by the channel estimator at the UE. We demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system by Proof-of-Concept implementation and compare its performance against the simulation results. Measurement results show that we could achieve bit error probabilities less than 10-2 with ambient LTE signal having SNR of 5 dB operating on 486 MHz band having 7.68 MHz bandwidth.

As is well known to all, delivering drug precisely to the tumor site is beneficial to improve antitumor effect. In this study, we reported mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) coated with dual-film of calcium carbonate (CaCO

Designing new materials for vibration and noise reduction that are lightweight is of great significance for industrial development. Magnesium (Mg) alloy is considered one of the best damping metal structural materials because of its low density, high specific strength, good energy storage characteristics and rich resources. Solution atoms have an important effect on the damping capacities of Mg alloys, but the relevant laws have not been completely clarified. In this work, two kinds of alloying elements (Ga and Er) with various atomic sizes were selected to study the metallographic structure and damping capacities of binary Mg-X (X = Ga and Er) alloys in the as-cast and solid solution states, respectively. Solution treatment can improve the damping capacities of binary Mg-X (X = Ga and Er) alloys, and the damping mechanisms of the two solid solution alloys are consistent with the G-L damping mechanism. The influence of alloy elements with different atomic sizes on damping capacities is also different. This influence is due to the various radii of solute atoms and Mg atoms which can result in different degrees of lattice distortion. This work provides a research basis for development and design of high-performance damping Mg alloy materials.

China’s first Mars rover, Zhurong, has successfully touched down on the southern Utopia Planitia of Mars at 109.925° E, 25.066° N, and since performed cooperative multiscale investigations with the Tianwen-1 orbiter. Here we present primary localization and surface characterization results based on complementary data of the first 60 sols. The Zhurong rover has traversed 450.9 m southwards over a flat surface with mild wheel slippage (less than 0.2 in slip ratio). The encountered crescent-shaped sand dune indicates a NE-SW local wind direction, consistent with larger-range remote-sensing observations. Soil parameter analysis based on terramechanics indicates that the topsoil has high bearing strength and cohesion, and its equivalent stiffness and internal friction angle are ~1390-5872 kPa∙m-n and ~21°-34° respectively. Rocks observed strewn with dense pits, or showing layered and flaky structures, are presumed to be involved in physical weathering like severe wind erosion and potential chemical weathering processes. These preliminary observations suggest great potential of in-situ investigations by the scientific payload suite of the Zhurong rover in obtaining new clues of the region’s aeolian and aqueous history. Cooperative investigations using the related payloads on both the rover and the obiter could peek into the habitability evolution of the northern lowlands on Mars.

A novel miniaturized, multi-mode, pattern diversity antenna for wearable wireless body area networks is proposed. The antenna uses even-modes to provide directional and omnidirectional radiation patterns, which can realize the miniaturization of the antenna. The omnidirectional radiation pattern is obtained by introducing a probe to excite TM 01 mode. The directional mode is realized by exciting the first negative order resonance (-1st mode) based on compound right-/left-hand (CRLH). Compared with the traditional patch antenna, the -1st mode works in the LH region, which is much lower than the +1st mode resonance. These CRLH resonators are realized by etching the gap on the surface of the chip and introducing short-circuit pins. The CRLH circuit consists of series and parallel inductors and capacitors provided by the above mentioned constitute. In addition, the antenna has simple structure and low profile. It only consists of patch, pins and thin metal ground, which is easy to process. Finally, the two antennas are integrated together to achieve pattern diversity, effectively save space and realize the miniaturization of the antenna. Its overall size is only 0.41λ 0 × 0.41λ 0 × 0.049λ 0 .

Large amphibious aircraft is the core of forest fire fighting task. Using virtual reality technology to train the crew of amphibious aircraft can improve the realism and the effect of aircrew training [2]. In this paper, we demonstrate a visual model of random waves by building the terrain of forest fire and the scene of fetching water, realizing the visual simulation of amphibious aircraft throwing water based on a particle system in Unity3D.

In the field of aviation emergency rescue, in view of the large-scale transport deployment and dispatching demands, the study on rescue deployment, command and dispatching of existing aviation emergency power is carried out. Based on it, through building large-scale aviation transport mission scenarios quickly, setting up aviation emergency power capacity model, making rules of the transport simulation, evaluating the comprehensive effectiveness, a simulation evaluation system based on multi-agent is completed. This system is applied for the simulations of aviation emergency rescue deployment and dispatching for large-scale aviation transport missions, and evaluating the different deployment schemes by the effectiveness of mission execution. It provides the auxiliary decision-making role of scheme evaluation for the training and decision-making of large-scale aviation transport missions.

Multicomponent high‐entropy alloys (HEAs) can be tuned to a simple phase with some unique alloy characteristics. HEAs with body‐centered‐cubic (BCC) or hexagonal‐close‐packed (HCP) structures are proven to possess high strength and hardness but low ductility. The faced‐centered‐cubic (FCC) HEAs present considerable ductility, excellent corrosion and radiation resistance. However, their strengths are relatively low. Therefore, the strategy of strengthening the ductile FCC matrix phase is usually adopted to design HEAs with excellent performance. Among various strengthening methods, precipitation strengthening plays a dazzling role since the characteristics of multiple principal elements and slow diffusion effect of elements in HEAs provide a chance to form fine and stable nanoscale precipitates, pushing the strengths of the alloys to new high levels. This paper summarizes and review the recent progress in nanoprecipitate‐strengthened HEAs and their strengthening mechanisms. The alloy‐design strategies and control of the nanoscale precipitates in HEAs are highlighted. The future works on the related aspects are outlined., This paper summarizes and reviews the recent progress in nanoprecipitate‐strengthened high‐entropy alloys (HEAs) and their strengthening mechanisms. The formation of precipitates in HEAs and their effects on the mechanical properties are addressed and discussed. The alloy‐design strategies and control of the nanoscale precipitates in HEAs are highlighted. The future works on the related aspects are outlined.