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To investigate the characteristics of respiratory involvement in Chinese paediatric neuromuscular disease (NMD) at early stage and to explore convenient monitoring methods.Children with NMD (age18) diagnosed at a multidisciplinary joint NMD clinic at Peking University First Hospital from January 2016 to April 2021 were included. Overnight polysomnography (PSG) and pulmonary function test (PFT) data were analysed, and the characteristics of four groups: congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD), congenital myopathy, spinal muscular atrophy, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) were compared.A total of 83 children with NMD were referred for respiratory assessment, of who 80 children underwent PSG; 41 performed spirometry and 38, both. The duration of pulse oxygen saturation (SpOAHI and hypoxia burden were independent factors in children with NMD in PSG and attention needed to be paid in both. FVC might be a daytime predictor for significant sleep-disordered breathing or hypoxia. Nocturnal consecutive oximetry with diurnal peak flow measurement may be convenient and effective for home monitoring at early stage of respiratory involvement.

In previous studies, low-dose dexmedetomidine supplemented opioid analgesia improved sleep architecture but increased sedation level. Herein we tested the hypothesis that mini-dose dexmedetomidine supplemented analgesia improves sleep structure without increasing sedation.In this randomized trial, 118 older patients (≥65 years) following major noncardiac surgery were randomized to receive patient-controlled intravenous analgesia supplemented with either placebo or dexmedetomidine (median 0.02 μg kgAll 118 patients completed the study; of these, 85 were included in sleep structure analysis. Dexmedetomidine supplemented analgesia increased the percentage of N2 sleep (median difference, 10%; 95% CI, 1%-20%; P = 0.03). It also prolonged total sleep time (median difference, 78 min; 95% CI, 21 to 143; P = 0.01), increased sleep efficiency (median difference, 14%; 95% CI, 4%-26%; P = 0.01), decreased percentage of N1 sleep (median difference, -10%; 95% CI, -20% to -1%; P = 0.04), and lowered sleep fragmentation index (median difference, -1.6 times⋅hSupplementing intravenous analgesia with mini-dose dexmedetomidine improved sleep structure without increasing sedation in older patients recovering from major surgery.www.gov (NCT03117790), registered 2 April 2017.

This study explored whether stress coping strategies could be predicted by general self-efficacy and social support. Primary and secondary teachers (n = 530) completed measures of coping strategies, general self-efficacy and social support. The results showed that teachers' general self-efficacy and social support had direct and indirect predictive effects on different coping strategies, and they have more significant predictive effects on certain types of coping strategies. Teachers with higher general self-efficacy and social support tended to adopt adaptive coping strategies or emotion-oriented coping strategies. The study suggested that social support and self-efficacy should be important factors to be considered when designing a prevention or intervention programme in the guidance of teachers' coping strategies and psychological counselling. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.