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The use of low structural materials can accentuate the characteristics of openness advocated by regional creation. Therefore, when selecting regional game materials, preschool teachers should focus on open and low structures as well as actively and reasonably guide the child’s game behavior, so that each child can make full and efficient use of these materials. At the same time, in a harmonious dialogue with these materials, they are given the opportunity to express what they see, hear, feel, and think in their own ways.

Disturbance of the cholinergic system plays a crucial role in the pathological progression of neurological diseases that cause dyskinesia-like behaviors. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this disturbance remain elusive. Here, we showed that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 ( Cdk5 ) was reduced in cholinergic neurons of midbrain according to the single-nucleus RNA sequencing analysis. Serum levels of CDK5 also decreased in patients with Parkinson’s disease accompanied by motor symptoms. Moreover, Cdk5 deficiency in cholinergic neurons triggered paw tremors, abnormal motor coordination, and motor balance deficits in mice. These symptoms occurred along with cholinergic neuron hyperexcitability and increases in the current density of large-conductance Ca 2+ -activated K + channels (BK channels). Pharmacological inhibition of BK channels restrained the excessive intrinsic excitability of striatal cholinergic neurons in Cdk5 -deficient mice. Furthermore, CDK5 interacted with BK channels and negatively regulated BK channel activity via phosphorylation of threonine-908. Restoration of CDK5 expression in striatal cholinergic neurons reduced dyskinesia-like behaviors in ChAT-Cre ; Cdk5 f/f mice. Together, these findings indicate that CDK5-induced phosphorylation of BK channels involves in cholinergic-neuron-mediated motor function, providing a potential new therapeutic target for treating dyskinesia-like behaviors arising from neurological diseases.

Fractures are frequently encountered diseases troubling the senior population, and the research on fracture repair and the exploration of effective treatment methods are of great significance. This study aimed to clarify the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (hUMSC-EVs) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of autologous bone marrow stem cells (ABMSCs). The two kinds of cells were co-cultured firstly, 5-Ethynyl-2'- deoxyuridine (EDU) staining and alizarin red staining were used to detect the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of ABMSCs. The exosomes of hUMSCs were subsequently extracted to process ABMSCs to further test the effect on the cells. The EDU positive rate of ABMSCs and Collagen II expression were elevated, whereas the TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive rate and Matrix Metallopeptidase 13 (MMP13) were markedly decreased after the co-culture of hUMSCs and ABMSCs using Transwell chamber assays. The results indicated that hUMSCs could increase the proliferation of ABMSCs, reduce apoptosis, and promote matrix metabolism. The hUMSCs exosomes were separated and added to ABMSCs. As the exosomes content increased, the proliferation of ABMSCs increased simultaneously, and ABMSCs apoptosis decreased. Meanwhile, ABMSCs that migrated to the submembrane increased compared with untreated ABMSCs. Western blot, qPCR and immunofluorescence results revealed that increased exosomes contents promoted the expression of ABMSCs anabolic-related indicators gradually, while decreased the expression of catabolism-related indicators gradually. The previously described results indicated that hUMSCs promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of ABMSCs by secreting exosomes.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Multivariate logistic regression analysis predicting USSs.

Additional file 1: Table S2. 3-month complications comparison between USS and none-USS patients.

Additional file 1. The 39 mRNAs in the ceRNA network and their GO, KEGG, Reactome and Wikipathway enrichment analysis.

Additional file 3. The clinical characteristics of the 10 patients for validation.

Additional file 2. The results of qRT-PCR analysis showed that NEAT1, PGAP1, FKBP5 and CDON had a well ability to identify the EMPD samples from the controls.

Additional file 5. Additional Table 4. Quality assessment based on the NOS for retrospective studies.

Additional file 2:. Additional Table 1. Characteristics of the excluded studies.

Additional file 3. Additional Table 2. Summary of the included studies.

Additional file 1. Supplementary figures and table

Additional file 4. Additional Table 3. The results of sensitivity analysis.

Policy ideas associated with the urban minerals industry in China have shifted focus from environmental protection to industrial development in recent years. A key factor influencing the development of this industry is whether the policy system can adapt to changing policy ideas. This paper analyzes a series of policies on urban minerals issued by the central government and related departments and ministries from 1987 to 2017. Using the content analysis method, which is a quantitative methodology, the paper proposes a framework of policy tools and objects of policy intervention to analyze the evolutionary characteristics and problems associated with the development of the urban minerals industry. The research results show that the policy system of urban minerals in China has changed from the germination stage, in which urban minerals policies were embedded in environmental protection policies; to an introduction stage, in which the urban minerals policy system initially took shape; to a development stage, in which the effects of urban minerals policies have stabilized. The changing trend of urban minerals policies can be summarized as follows. First, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) gradually became the dominant policymaker. Second, the policy tools were enriched via restructuring. Third, the objects of policy intervention were continually extended to the whole industry chain. Although the policy system of urban minerals in China has promoted industrial development, certain problems remain to be resolved, such as the conflicting policies from different departments, the unreasonable combination of policy tools and improper object of policy intervention. To this end, we have proposed corresponding countermeasures and suggestions to better improve the development of the urban minerals industry.

The impact of secondary metabolites on fruit quality, plant growth and human health has led to an increased demand for analytical methods to characterize and quantify these metabolites in recent years. A versatile, sensitive and rapid method based on UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS was developed for simultaneous qualitation and quantitation of coumarins, furocoumarins, flavonoids and phenolic acids. The chromatographic elution and multiple reaction monitoring mode transitions were optimized to achieve good separation and accurate quantitation of 47 analytes, including 13 groups of isomers, during a single 13 min chromatographic run. This method was validated with good precision and recoveries, wide linear ranges and low limits of detection and quantitation (0.014–1.50 μg L−1). The validated method was further applied to quantify the analytes in flavedo, albedo and pulp from two pummelo varieties, C. grandis ‘Shatianyu’ and C. grandis ‘Guanximiyu’. This method combines high sensitivity, good selectivity, and short chromatographic run time.

Aims Estimating soil organic carbon (SOC) density and influence factors of tropical virgin forests in Hainan Island provide new insight in basic data for SOC pool estimation and its dynamics study. Methods The main distribution areas of tropical virgin forests in Jianfengling (JFL), Bawangling (BWL), Wuzhishan (WZS), Diaoluoshan (DLS), Yinggeling (YGL) of Hainan Island were selected, and soil samples (0–100 cm) were sampled and analyzed. SOC density was estimated by soil vertical fitting method and soil stratification method to discover the distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon in tropical virgin forests of Hainan Island. Important findings Results showed that: (1) The average SOC density using soil vertical fitting method in JFL, BWL, WZS, DLS and YGL was 14.98, 18.46, 16.48, 18.81, 16.66 kg·m, respectively, which was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the estimated average SOC density using soil stratification method in these areas (14.73, 16.24, 15.50, 16.91, 15.03 kg·m, respectively). It is better to use soil vertical fitting method for SOC density estimation when the soil was natural without disturbance. (2) The proportion of SOC content in the first 0–30 cm depth interval out of SOC in the whole 0–100 cm soil profiles in JFL, BWL, WZS, DLS and YGL was 50.50%, ©植物生态学报 Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 杨怀等: 海南岛热带原始森林主要分布区土壤有机碳密度及影响因素 293 doi: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0314 48.56%, 43.49%, 47.37%, 42.88%, respectively. (3) SOC density was significantly negative correlated with Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, species richness, and soil bulk density; and was significantly positive correlated with altitude, soil porosity, and soil nitrogen. However, SOC density was not significantly correlated to slope, biomass, average diameter at breast height, or average height. (4) Our study area Hainan was located in low latitude area with high rainfall and high temperature, which accelerated the decomposition of organic matter and nutrient recycling, resulting in significantly lower SOC densities in this tropical virgin forests of Hainan Island than the average value in China.

With the characteristics of wide range of sources of raw materials, environmental protection and cost-effective, Basalt Fiber, which is used as a kind of reinforced material of concrete, has received the attention of civil engineering. This paper summarizes the research status of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete in China and abroad, and put forward proposals for the research of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete.

Introduction Genistein, a soybean and soy-based product, has been reported to inhibit the growth of a wide range of cancer cells, but there is no evidence concerning its treatment of chronic kidney disease. The aim was to investigate whether genistein has potential to inhibit parathyroid hormone (PTH)-induced renal interstitial fibrosis. Material and methods Using human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was assessed by using immunofluorescence detection. α-Smooth muscle actin, E-cadherin and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were measured by Western blot analysis. The promoter activity of the CTGF gene was examined by the luciferase reporter assay. Results When cells were treated with PTH (0.1 nM) for 48 h, α-SMA protein expression was induced significantly, the protein expression of E-cadherin decreased substantially, and the promoter activity of the CTGF gene as well as its mRNA and protein expression levels increased (p < 0.01). Interestingly, genistein effectively inhibited PTH-induced α-SMA expression, restored E-cadherin expression, decreased mRNA and protein expression of CTGF, and suppressed the promoter activity of CTGF in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions Genistein has the ability to block the biomarker for renal transdifferentiation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, α-SMA, following PTH treatment and inhibit CTGF expression in human renal tubular epithelial cells; these might be important modes of actions that contribute to genistein anti-fibrogenic effects and may have great implications for its potential in clinical treatment of renal interstitial fibrosis.

Due to high strength use of natural resources and large quantity of pollutants discharge, high pressure is given to the fragile environment of the Yellow River Delta, so circular economy should be developed in the Yellow River delta. At present the circular economy has been developed in an elementary scale in the Yellow River delta, yet there are also some factors which have limited the circular economy development, such as inadequate understanding of the importance of circular economy, unreasonable industry structure, lack of policy and technical support, fragile environment and too much pollutants discharge. The authors also proposed some countermeasures for circular economy development in the Yellow River Delta, such as constructing the industrial structure which fits for the requirements of circular economy development, reducing energy consumption, improving the natural resources using efficiency, promoting the ecological construction of oil field and the coordinated economy development of oil field and local area, vigorously developing the marine circular economy, constructing ecological city, and creating a circular society and etc.

The study of stress and deformation of a road pavement–subgrade system under vehicle traffic loads is one of the most important areas in the field of transportation. In this paper, a physical model with all the road structure layers was built to study the dynamic behaviour of the layered pavement–subgrade system. Experiments were performed to determine the stresses, elastic deformations and irreversible permanent deformations at different depths to better understand the dynamic behaviour of a portion of a pavement–subgrade system. According to the physical model, the transmission and reflection matrices (TRM) method was used, and the general solutions for the stresses and displacements of the layered system subjected to dynamic double-circular loads at its surface were obtained. Numerical results in the space domain were derived by performing the inverse Hankel’s transform and were used to compare its results with the experimental measurements. The agreement between the numerical and the experimental results was good, which indicates that the TRM method is useful in predicting the stresses and elastic deformations of a multi-layered road structure. Moreover, the stresses and elastic deformations were analysed for different properties of the structure using numerical computation.

The study of finite nuclei containing antibaryon(s) in addition to nucleons is an interesting topic in nuclear physics. The calculation of the lifetime of an antibaryon embedded in a nucleus was performed in the framework of the standard quantum field theory. It was shown that the annihilation probability of the antibaryon in nuclei is strongly dependent on the effective masses of mesons involved in the annihilation channels. The contribution of the Dirac sea to the annihilation probability makes the lifetime of the antibaryon short. If the Dirac sea effect is neglected, the lifetime of the bound antibaryon tends to be longer with the nuclear density increasing. Particularly, when the nuclear density is larger than a critical value, the antibaryon may exist stably in a nucleus.

We study the effective masses of ?-mesons for different charged states in asymmetric nuclear matter (ANM) using the Quantum Hadrodynamics II model. The closed form analytical results are presented for the effective masses of ?-mesons. We have shown that the different charged ?-mesons have mass splitting similar to various charged pions. The effect of the Dirac sea is also examined, and it is found that this effect is very important and leads to a reduction of the different charged ?-meson masses in ANM.

In a systematic investigation has been found that ligands play an important role in both the water-phase preparation and optical properties of CdTe quantum dots. Experiments were performed using three typical thioalkyl acids as ligands, namely mercaptoacetic acid (MAA), l -cysteine (Cys) and reduced glutathione (GSH). The growth rate and size-distribution of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) are shown to depend on the type of ligands. A proper choice of ligand enables to make lager nanocrystals with narrower size-distribution. The effects of pH (buffer solution), illumination, heating and cations on the spectroscopic properties of CdTe QDs for the three ligands are reported. In addition, three same-size CdTe QDs were individually characterized by micellar electrokinetic capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescent detection, which proved their monodisperse size-distribution and different electric charge distribution on the surface for each of the three different type of QDs.

This article investigates a portfolio selection problem with different borrowing–lending rates and with Value-at-Risk (VaR) as the measure of risk. The problem is formulated as a utility maximization model with a general utility function that is a function of only the mean and the VaR of portfolio return. Several properties of the efficient frontier of the mean-VaR model are first obtained and then used to give some existence conditions and characterizations of the optimal solution to the utility maximization model. Further, a solution method and a numerical algorithm for solving the optimal solution are proposed. Finally, a numerical example using the real data of Chinese stock market is given to show the validity and the practicability of these results.

Quantum dots (QDs) or semiconductor nanocrystals have been receiving great interest in the last few years. In this paper, L-cysteine-coated CdSe/CdS core-shell QDs (λem = 585 nm) have been prepared, which have excellent water-solubility. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the photoluminescence of these nanocrystals is very narrow (about 30 nm), and the quantum yield (QY) is 15% relative to Rhodamine 6G in ethanol (QY = 95%). With excess free L-cysteine in the solution, the fluorescence intensity of L-cysteine-coated CdSe/CdS QDs showed improved stability. It was found that the fluorescence of L-cysteine-capped CdSe/CdS QDs could be quenched only by copper (II) ions and was insensitive to other physiologically important cations, such as Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Al3+, Fe3+, Mn2+ and Ni2+ etc. Based on this finding, the quantitative analysis of Cu2+ with L-cysteine-capped CdSe/CdS QDs has been established. The linear range was from 1.0 × 10− 8 to 2.0 × 10− 7 mol L− 1 and the limit of detection (LOD) was 3.0 × 10− 9 mol L− 1 (S/N = 3). The proposed method has first been applied to the determination of Cu2+ in vegetable samples with recoveries of 99.6–105.8%.

To probe into the changes induced by infrasonic exposure on the methylation status of the genome in testes and underlying mechanisms, we inspected the percentage of unmethylated CpG sites (an index for DNA methylation level) and DNA methyltransferase activity in testes of SD rats exposed to infrasound of 8Hz at 90dB or 130dB for 1, 7, 14 and 21 days (2h/d). Compared to control groups at the same time points, significantly decreased DNA methylation level and methyltransferase activity were observed in all but experimental groups of ld and 21d at 90dB ( p

Scattering of an elastic wave by a cylindrical shell embedded in poroelastic medium is investigated theoretically with the assumption that the shell material is also a porous elastic medium. The porous medium is modellized via Biot's theory and the scattering by cylindrical shell is expressed by the definition of scattering matrix. The normal mode expansion technique is employed for analysing the scattering field, and the asymptotic solutions of displacements, stresses and pore pressure are derived. Two limiting cases-scattering by a poroelastic cylinder in Biot medium and a elastic cylindrical shell in elastic medium are obtained from the general solutions. The dispersion curves of displacement amplitude at the interface of shell and medium is compared with the case of elastic shell. The scattering amplitude associated with the fast, slow and transverse waves are identified by numerical simulation. Furthermore, the influence of the poroelastic property of shell material on scattering amplitude is analysed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A rapid evaluation method, temperature ramp method, for GaAs MESFETs ohmic contacts is proposed, and an automatic evaluation system has been developed. By use of this method and system, activation energy for ohmic contacts degradation can be obtained using less time and a small number of samples than traditional method, and the results are in agreement with those obtained by traditional methods. In accordance with some drawbacks of traditional AuGeNi/Au ohmic contacts, a new ohmic contacts system with TiN diffusion barrier layer is proposed. Experiment results show that the reliability of ohmic contacts with TiN is greatly superior to that of traditional AuGeNi/Au ohmic contacts.

To study the spectral data of Danzhong in patients with hepatocellular jaundice, which was detected by optical spectrum colorimetry, and analyze the differences of colorimetric between Yin disease and Yang disease jaundice by data mining.

Arguments are provided which show that extension of renormalizability in quantum field theory is possible. By an appropriate choice of effective Lagrangian, a dressed Feynman propagator is obtained. In this scheme, higher order Feynman diagrams become self-convergent and nonrenormalizable interactions become renormalizable. As an example, the vacuum fluctuation effects on ρ meson mass for the vector-tensor coupling model is discussed. It is found that the result can agree with the experimental value when coupling constant is adjusted.

Enhanced and prolonged expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is associated with kidney fibrosis. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is involved in the genesis of disturbed calcium/phosphate metabolism and ostitis fibrosa in renal failure. PTH activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is present in renal tubular cells. The aim of this study was to identify the mechanism how the signal is transduced to result in extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) activation, leading to upregulation of CTGF.The levels of CTGF mRNA and protein in human kidney proximal tubular cells (HK-2) treated with PTH in the presence or absence of the MAPK inhibitor PD98059 were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunoblotting assay. The activation of the CTGF promoter in HK-2 cells was determined by the dual-luciferase assay. The effects of the protein kinase A (PKA) activator 8-Br-cAMP and protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on MAPK phosphorylation, and the effects of the PKA inhibitor H89 and PKC inhibitor calphostin C on MAPK phosphorylation and CTGF expression were detected by immunoblotting assay.PD98059 inhibited the PTH stimulated expression of CTGF, which strongly suggested that the MAPK signaling pathway plays an important role in the PTH-induced CTGF upregulation in renal tubular cells. A PKA activator as well as PKC activators induced MAPK phosphorylation, and both PKA and PKC inhibitors antagonized PTH-induced MAPK phosphorylation and CTGF expression.CTGF expression is upregulated by PTH through a PKC/PKA-ERK-dependent pathway.

In order to Solve the problem of cooperation in MAS(multi-agent system), it is a familiar idea to built up a system by logic. We consider the cooperation in a dynamic environment, and then present a dynamic coalition logic (DCL) system. Furthermore, we define the steps for coalition formation. Finally, we compare DCL with other coalition logic.

In order to characterize the agent, there is a presupposition that each agent has its set of propositions. The model is based upon our prior observation, and satisfies many properties. Furthermore, we describe concretely the desire of agent by twin-subset semantics of desire operator. If friendship for learning of two agents have been made, one agent has the authorization to increase his set of propositions rationally, namely, learning from the other one. The paper aims to make one agent collaborates rationally with the other one, and implement BDI logic in multi-agent system.

The effect of base dopant out-diffusion and undoped (i-) SiGe or Si layers at both sides of the base on the characteristics have been studied by device simulator ISE-TCAD. It has been found that small amounts of base dopant out-diffusion from heavily doped bases will degrade DC and frequency characteristics. The insertion of an i-SiGe layer at both sides of the base can improve collector current, current gain /spl beta/ and cut-off frequency f/sub T/, the insertion of an i-Si layer between emitter and base and an i-SiGe layer between the base and collector can also improve /spl beta/ and f/sub T/. These simulation results promise more freedom in the design of HBTs.

To observe the changes of lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzyme activities of chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) and to explore their effects on the pathogenesis of CRI.Serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) in 36 non-dialyzed patients with various degrees and 12 hemodialyzed (HD) were determined with the method of chemistry colorimetry.Thirty-six CRI and 12 HD patients included in the study had higher SOD activities when compared with the controls [(110.30+/-18.60) kNU/L]. They also had lower serum GSH-Px activity than the controls [(120.63+/-27.57) x 10(4)U/L]. Serum MDA levels in the patients were higher than that in the controls [(4.06+/-0.67) micromol/L]. Serum SOD, GSH-Px and MDA concentrations in 36 non-dialyzed patients with various degrees were also correlated with creatinine clearance (r(G)=0.68, P0.01; r(M)=-0.52, P0.01; r(S)=-0.44, P0.05).Free radicals, lipid peroxidation and the abnormality in antioxidative system may play an important role in the pathogenesis of CRI and correlated with impaired renal function, and that they can be regarded as important clinical indexes to infect the severity of chronic renal insufficiency.

In this paper, the carrier freeze-out in strained p-Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x/ layers grown on [001] substrates is studied analytically. It is found that as the Ge fraction increases, the valence effective density of states (N/sub V/)/sub SiGe//(N/sub V/)Si normalized by that in Si decreases. Furthermore, as the temperature becomes lower, the decrease in (N/sub V/)/sub SiGe//(N/sub V/)Si becomes more rapid. It is also show that as the Ge fraction increases, although it has little effect on the ionized doping concentration at room temperature, the ionized doping concentration increases at low temperatures compared with that in Si. This implies that carrier freeze-out is mitigated at low temperatures, which can have a beneficial effect on the operation of Si/sub -x/Ge/sub x/-based devices at low temperatures.

Effect of high gate current density and temperature stress on performance of GaAs MESFETs with TiAl and TiPtAu Gate is presented. Experimental results show that (1). The TiAl gate Schottky diode characteristics (gate series resistance R/sub g/, ideality factor n, barrier height /spl Phi//sub b/) degrades rapidly whereas the device parameters such as maximum drain saturation current I/sub dss/, open channel resistance R/sub g/, below the gate, pinch-off-voltage V/sub p0/ etc., remain fairly unchanged; (2) for TiPtAu gate MESFET, for suitable annealing, the Schottky diode characteristics (ideality factor n, barrier height /spl Phi//sub b/) remains stable whereas the device parameters such as maximum drain saturation current I/sub dss/, open channel resistance below the gate R/sub g/, pinch-off-voltage V/sub p0/, the transconductance g/sub m/ etc. degrade rapidly; (3) the increase in gate series resistance R/sub g/ is a the main factor that leads to increase in ideality factor n of TiAl and TiPtAu gate Schottky diodes. The parameter degradation of the two types of MESFETS is different.

The size-dependent elastic property of rectangular nanobeams (nanowires or nanoplates) induced by the surface elasticity effect is investigated by using a developed modified core-shell model. The effect of surface elasticity on the elastic modulus of nanobeams can be characterized by two surface related parameters, i.e., inhomogeneous degree constant and surface layer thickness. The analytical results show that the elastic modulus of the rectangular nanobeam exhibits a distinct size effect when its characteristic size reduces below 100 nm. It is also found that the theoretical results calculated by a modified core-shell model have more obvious advantages than those by other models (core-shell model and core-surface model) by comparing them with relevant experimental measurements and computational results, especially when the dimensions of nanostructures reduce to a few tens of nanometers.

Using nonequilibrium Green's function method, the thermal transport properties of zigzag graphene nanoribbons (ZGNR) embedding a finite (semi-infinite or infinite) long linear defect are investigated in this paper. The results show that defect type and defect length have significant influence on the thermal conductance of ZGNR. When the embedded linear defects have the same lengths, thermal conductance of ZGNR embedding t5t7 defect is lower than that of ZGNR embedding Stone-Wales defect. As for the ZGNR embedding finite and the same type defects, their thermal conductance reduce with the increase of the defect length. However, as the linear defect is long enough, the thermal conductance is insensitive to the change of length. By comparing the ZGNRs embedding finite, semi-infinite and infinite long defects, we find that the thermal conductance of ZGNR embedding an infinite long defect is higher than that of ZGNR embedding a semi-infinite defect, while the thermal conductance of the latter is higher than that of ZGNR embedding a finite long defect. This is due to the fact that different structures possess different numbers of scattering interfaces in the phonon transmission direction. The more the scattering interfaces, the lower the thermal conductance is. These thermal transport phenomena are explained by analyzing transmission coefficient and local density of states. These results indicate that linear defects can tune thermal transport property of ZGNR efficiently.