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INTRODUCTION: China is promoting integrated care. However, incomplete payment methods led to medical insurance overspending and intensified service fragmentation. Sanming implemented Integrated Medicare Payment Methods (IMPM) in October 2017, which integrates multi-level payment policies. Sanming's IMPM works well and has been promoted by the Chinese government. Therefore, in this paper, we aim to systematically analyze Sanming's IMPM, and conduct preliminary evaluations of Sanming's IMPM. POLICY DESCRIPTION: IMPM integrates two levels of policy that are implemented simultaneously: (1) The payment policy for healthcare providers refers to how to calculate the global budget (GB) of the medical insurance fund paid to the healthcare providers and the policy guidance for the healthcare providers on how to use GB. (2) The payment policy for medical personnel refers to the adjustment of the evaluation index of the annual salary system (ASS) according to the IMPM's purpose and the payment policy that adjust pay levels based on performance. DISCUSSION AND LESSONS LEARNED: After the IMPM reform, county hospitals (CHs) may reduce over-providing dispensable healthcare, and cooperation between hospitals may increase. The policy guidance (Determining GB according to population; Medical insurance balance can be used for doctors' salary, cooperation between hospitals, and promotion of residents' health; Adjusting ASS assessment indicators according to IMPM purposes) increases CHs' motivation to promote balances of medical insurance fund by cooperating with primary healthcare and increasing health promotion actions. CONCLUSION: As a model promoted by the Chinese government, the specific policies of Sanming's IMPM are better matched with policy goals, which may be more conducive to promoting medical and health service providers to pay more attention to cooperation among medical institutions and population health.

The debris flow disasters in the Wenchuan meizoseismal area are dominantly triggered by the gully-type debris flow. Research on its classification method can be of great theoretical value and practical significance for developing targeted prevention measures. The current empirical classification method has some disadvantages, such as inconsistent discrimination criteria and poor practicability. In this paper, in order to overcome these drawbacks, the topography, rainfall, and source characteristics data of 176 gully-type debris flows in the Wenchuan “5.12” meizoseismal area since 2008 were collected and divided into the narrow-steep, transitional, and wide-gentle types based on field investigation. The narrow-steep type gullies are mainly concentrated in small catchments with severe erosion. In contrast, the wide-gentle type gullies are often characterized by big catchments, gentle vertical slopes, and debris flows movement dominated by deposition. An empirical discrimination method for debris flow gullies is proposed based on the characters of the gullies in the meizoseismal area, and a mathematical discrimination model named Gully Geomorphology Index (GGI) is also constructed. The results from existing cases indicated that both methods were accurate to discriminate between the narrow-steep and wide-gentle debris flow gullies. According to the empirical discrimination method, among the 176 channel-type debris flows, the numbers of narrow-steep, transitional, and wide-gentle channel types are 105 (59.66%), 12 (6.82%), and 59 (33.52%), respectively. While for the GGI method, the value 0.05 and 0.10 were defined as the threshold of the three types, and the distribution of the results is 104 (59.09%) for the narrow-steep type, 16 (9.09%) for the transitional type, and 56 (31.82%) for the narrow-steep type, which can better classify the transitional type gullies and is more practical. We hope that the discrimination methods proposed in this paper will help better understand the disaster-causing mechanism and improve the prevention measures of debris flow in the Wenchuan meizoseismal area.

Rohdea japonica, known as Japanese sacred lily, a perennial herb in the family Asparagaceae, is an important ornamental plant in China (Hinkley 2006). In May 2022, at the campus of Jiangxi Agricultural University (28o45′50″N, 115o50′2″E), Nanchang, China, leaf spots occurred on R. japonica with a disease incidence of 95% (285/300 plants). Disease severity ranged from 40-60% of the leaf area on each plant. Symptoms initially appeared as small water-soaked spots, usually at the edges of the leaves. Then, the spots enlarged rapidly and became yellow brown, circular or semicircular. Finally, the dead tissues fell out of the leaf, leaving ragged leaf edges. Small pieces (3×3 mm) cut from the margin of necrotic leaf tissue were surface disinfested in 75% ethanol for 10 s and 0.1% HgCl2 for 20 s. After being rinsed three times with sterile distilled water, tissue was placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates and incubated at 28℃ with a 12 h light-dark cycle. The growing fungal colonies were purified by subculturing hyphal tips, and 12 fungal isolates with similar morphology were obtained. Colonies were flat, smoke-grey with olivaceous green fan-shaped stripes. Conidia were single-celled, hyaline, slightly curved, both ends gradually tapering, measuring 14.9 - 25.3 μm long × 3.9 - 6.2 μm wide (n = 100). Appressoria were solitary, irregular, sometimes ellipsoidal, dark brown, measuring 6.5 - 17.6 μm long × 3.9 - 8.7 μm wide (n = 50). Morphological and cultural characteristics of the isolates matched the descriptions of Colletotrichum liriopes (Damm et al. 2009; Yang et al. 2020). To confirm the pathogens identity, genomic DNA of a representative isolate (WNQ1) was extracted, and the rDNA-ITS, TUB2 and CAL gene were amplified and sequenced using the primers ITS1/ITS4, T1/Bt2b, and CL1C/CL2C (White et al. 1990; Weir et al. 2012), respectively. The sequences were deposited in GenBank under accession number: ON514224 (rDNA-ITS), ON552548 (TUB2) and ON552549 (CAL). BLAST analyses showed 100%, 99.73% and 100% identity with 100% query coverage to the rDNA-ITS, TUB2 and CAL sequence of C. liriopes (MK644098, HM585414 and MN803417, respectively). Phylogenetic analysis using concatenated sequences of rDNA-ITS, TUB2 and CAL placed the isolate WNQ1 in a single clade with the reference strain of C. liriopes CORCK2. To confirm pathogenicity, a conidial suspension (1×106 conidia/ml) of isolate WNQ1 was sprayed on three leaves each of three healthy R. japonica plants wounded with a sterile needle, whereas control plants were wounded in the same way and sprayed with sterile distilled water. All treated plants were placed in a moist incubator at 28℃ with a 12 h photoperiod. Three days later symptoms, similar to those described above appeared. Symptoms did not develop on the control leaves. C. liriopes was recovered from the inoculated leaves, fulfilling Koch's postulates. Anthracnose caused by C. liriopes in R. japonica plants has been reported in the United States and Korea. To our knowledge, this is the first report of anthracnose on R. japonica caused by C. liriopes in China. The disease seriously affected the ornamental value of R. japonica. The result provides the foundation to study the occurrence patterns and control measures of R. japonica anthracnose.

The dataset contains clippedwaveforms (the original and restored waveforms)of mainshocks in Section 2, the seismic data downloaded from CENC in Section 2, relocation earthquake sequence by hypoDD in Section 2, and fault line used in backprojection in Section 3.

Bias in the training data can jeopardize fairness and explainability of deep neural network prediction on test data. We propose a novel bias-tailored data augmentation approach, Counterfactual Interpolation Augmentation (CIA), attempting to debias the training data by d-separating the spurious correlation between the target variable and the sensitive attribute. CIA generates counterfactual interpolations along a path simulating the distribution transitions between the input and its counterfactual example. CIA as a pre-processing approach enjoys two advantages: First, it couples with either plain training or debiasing training to markedly increase fairness over the sensitive attribute. Second, it enhances the explainability of deep neural networks by generating attribution maps via integrating counterfactual gradients. We demonstrate the superior performance of the CIA-trained deep neural network models using qualitative and quantitative experimental results. Our code is available at: https://github.com/qiangyao1988/CIA

The dataset contains restored waveforms of mainshocks in Section 2, relocation earthquake sequence by hypoDD in Section 2, and fault line used in backprojection in Section 3.

BACKGROUND Although costal cartilage has many uses and is a reliable source of cartilage for rhinoplasty procedures, donor-site complications may arise with conventional harvesting techniques. The present report reports a novel technique of harvesting costal cartilage using a specially designed scalpel and studies the use of the harvested cartilage in the reconstruction of secondary nasal deformities in patients with cleft lips. METHODS Ten patients (7 females and 3 males) with nasal deformities secondary to cleft lip underwent rhinoplasty using this new technique at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China, between May 2011 and December 2013. Clinical outcomes were evaluated with a follow-up period of 6 to 30 months. RESULTS The new technique successfully corrected primary nasal deformities, including flat nasal tip, short columella, flaring alae, and asymmetrical nostrils. Surgeons and patients assessed the outcome to be either good or satisfactory. Patients experienced transient discomfort at the wound site but there were no major complications (such as wound infection, dehiscence, exposure, graft extrusion, and pulmonary involvement). CONCLUSIONS The novel technique can harvest a lateral segment of costal cartilage for use in the reconstruction of nasal deformities secondary to cleft lip in a one-stage procedure, with minimal donor-site morbidity.

Non-metallic inclusions are unavoidable defects in steel, and their type, quantity, size, and distribution have a great impact on the quality of steel. At present, non-metallic inclusions are mainly detected manually, which features high work intensity, low efficiency, proneness to misjudgment, and low consistency of results. In this paper, based on deep neural network algorithm, a small number of manually labeled, low-resolution metallographic images collected by optical microscopes are used as the dataset for intelligent boundary extraction, classification, and rating of non-metallic inclusions. The training datasets are cropped into those containing only a single non-metallic inclusion to reduce the interference of background information and improve the accuracy. To deal with the unbalanced distribution of each category of inclusions, the reweighting cross entropy loss and focal loss are respectively used as the category prediction loss and boundary prediction loss of the DeepLabv3+ semantic segmentation model. Finally, the length and width of the minimum enclosing rectangle of the segmented inclusions are measured to calculate the grade of inclusions. The resulting accuracy is 90.34% in segmentation and 90.35% in classification. As is verified, the model-based rating results are consistent with those of manual labeling. For a single sample, the detection time is reduced from 30 min to 15 s, significantly improving the detection efficiency.

International audience; Expansion of real numbers is a basic research topic in number theory. Usually we expand real numbers in one given base. In this paper, we begin to systematically study expansions in multiple given bases in a reasonable way, which is a generalization in the sense that if all the bases are taken to be the same, we return to the classical expansions in one base. In particular, we focus on greedy, quasi-greedy, lazy, quasi-lazy and unique expansions in multiple bases.

Given an integer $$q\ge 2$$ and $$\theta _1,\ldots ,\theta _{q-1}\in \{0,1\}$$ , let $$(\theta _n)_{n\ge 0}$$ be the generalized Thue–Morse sequence, defined to be the unique fixed point of the morphism $$\begin{aligned} 0\mapsto & {} 0\theta _1\cdots \theta _{q-1}\\ 1\mapsto & {} 1\overline{\theta }_1\cdots \overline{\theta }_{q-1} \end{aligned}$$ beginning with $$\theta _0:=0$$ , where $$\overline{0}:=1$$ and $$\overline{1}:=0$$ . For ad hoc rational functions R, we evaluate infinite products of the forms $$\begin{aligned} \prod _{n=1}^\infty \Big (R(n)\Big )^{(-1)^{\theta _n}}\quad \text {and}\quad \prod _{n=1}^\infty \Big (R(n)\Big )^{\theta _n}.\end{aligned}$$ This generalizes relevant results given by Allouche, Riasat and Shallit in 2019 on infinite products related to the famous Thue–Morse sequence $$(t_n)_{n\ge 0}$$ of the forms $$\begin{aligned} \prod _{n=1}^\infty \Big (R(n)\Big )^{(-1)^{t_n}}\quad \text {and}\quad \prod _{n=1}^\infty \Big (R(n)\Big )^{t_n}. \end{aligned}$$

Additional file 1.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Multivariable logistic regression on usual alcohol consumption and three-year risk of self-reported falls among participants without baseline falls. Table S2. Collinearity tests in longitudinal analysis and cross-sectional analysis. Figure S1. Odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals describing the dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and 3-year risk of falls among participants without baseline falls (Adjusted for all variables in Table 1). FigureS2. Odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals describing the dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and 3-year risk of falls among middle-aged and older Chinese adults excluding former drinkers (Adjusted for all variablesin Table 1). FigureS3. Odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals describing the dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and baseline falls risk among middle-aged and older Chinese adults excluding former drinkers (Adjusted for all variablesin Table 1).

Additional file 1: Table F1. Primers used in this study. Table F2. Raw sequencing data. Table F3. Filtered sequencing data. Table F4. Summarized data of gene prediction. Table F5. Assembly index. Fig. S1. Electrophoresis of the DNA isolated from the EPL 0201 strain. Fig. S2. Sequencing data length distribution of the EPL 0201 train. Fig. S3. Function classification statistics of eggNOG functional genes. Note: The abscissa represents the content of each eggNOG classification, and the ordinate represent the relative content of the number of corresponding functional genes. Fig. S4. GO function annotation clasification statistics chart. Note: The abscissa represents the content of each GO category, the left of the ordinate represents the percentage of genes, and the right of the ordinate represents the numbers of genes. Fig. S5. KEGG annotation classification statistics. Note: The ordinate represents the KEGG secondary classification, and the abscissa represents the percentage. Fig. S6. Original agarose gel electropherogram. Fig. S7. pictures of naturally occurring fish. Fig. S8. Electrophoresis of the DNA isolated from teh EPL 0201 strain (original image).

Catalytic fast co-pyrolysis of biomass and plastic is an effective method to achieve high-quality bio-oil production. In this work, (Ni)-MCM-41 catalysts with different Ni loadings were prepared and characterized in detail by using a variety of advanced analytical techniques, and the effects on the catalytic performance were analyzed by micropyrolysis with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) and thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) methods. The results showed that an appropriate amount of Ni addition can effectively modulate the physicochemical properties of MCM-41. For a Ni loading of 25.1 wt % (Cat-C), the catalyst showed an optimal catalytic performance, a decrease in the proportion of oxygenated compounds in the product from 35.6 (MCM-41) to 13.4%, and an increase in the relative total amount of olefins plus aromatics from 62.2 (MCM-41) to 84.6%. The excellent catalytic performance of Cat-C can be ascribed to a balancing of its proper physical structural properties, appropriate acidity, strong metal–carrier interaction, high metal dispersion, and excellent compatibility balance between active and acidic sites.

In our report, we found a distinct difference in azido sugar metabolic rate between neural stem cells and fibroblasts, which can be used for selective removal of fibroblasts from neural stem cell mixtures. Chemically induced neural stem cells (ciNSCs) serve as a highly valuable source of NSCs. Incompletely induced fibroblasts could interfere with ciNSC differentiation and become tumorigenic. Herein, we applied our method for the decontamination of ciNSCs and it exhibited excellent selectivity for ciNSCs. The results demonstrate that the ciNSC population can be efficiently purified to 98.1%. As far as we know, this is the highest purity obtained so far. We envision that, in the future, our method could be used as a safe, effective, and chemically-defined tool for decontaminating ciNSCs in both fundamental research and clinical stem cell therapy.

This paper presents experimental studies on hydrodynamics and bed morphological characteristics under varying water and sediment discharges over a gravel channel bed with a boulder. Firstly, flow characteristics over a non-eroded bed with a mild slope were investigated. Results show that along the transect line located one diameter away from the boulder centerline, the existence of the boulder has negligible impact on the mean flow characteristics, which are similar to flows over a flat bed. At the boulder centerline, the flow is largely deflected by the boulder and turbulence characteristics in the horizontal plane are largely enhanced in the wake of the boulder. Secondly, water scour experiments were carried out over a steep slope. It could be observed that scour occurred around the boulder and bedloads were deposited downstream, forming a typical pool–riffle sequence. An analysis shows that the length scale (L/D) of geometric features associated with pool depth, riffle height and pool–riffle distance (S/D) are positively related to the boulder-related Froude number (Frb): L/D = 1.18Frb − 0.11 and S/D = 12.5Frb + 0.6; and the erosion volume (Ve) for flat bed and boulder bed is positively and negatively related to the averaged Froude number (Fr): Ve/D3 = 37.1Fr − 21.3 and Ve/D3 = −44.8Fr − 38.6, where D is the boulder diameter.

The diagnosis of paucibacillary (PB) leprosy often possesses a diagnostic challenge, especially for pure neuritic and lesser skin lesions with the zero bacillary load, requiring a sensitive and accurate diagnostic tool. We have included 300 clinically diagnosed new leprosy cases (comprising 98 PB cases) and analyzed the sensitivity and specificity of PB leprosy cases by nested PCR with folP, gyrA, rpoB, RLEP, and 16SrRNA and Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay test (ELISPOT) with MMPII, NDO-BSA, and LID-1 antigens by detecting interferon gamma (IFN-γ) release. The overall positivity rates of genes tested in 300 clinical specimens were identified as 55% of 16SrRNA, 59% of RLEP, 59.3% of folP, 57.3% of rpoB, 61% of gyrA while 90% of nested folP, 92.6% of nested rpoB, and 95% of nested gyrA, and 285 (95%) of at least one gene positive cases. For PB specimens, 95% PCR positivity was achieved by three tested genes in nested PCR. The data obtained from ELISPOT for three antigens were analyzed for IFN-γ expression with 600 subjects. Among 98 PB leprosy cases, the sensitivity of MMP II, LID-1, and NDO-BSA was 90%, 87%, and 83%, respectively, and the specificity was 90%, 91%, and 86%, respectively. The total number of cases positive for at least one antigen was 90 (91.8%) in PB, which is significantly higher than that in multibacillary (MB) leprosy (56.7%). The combination of multi-targets nested PCR and ELISPOT assay provides a specific tool to early clinical laboratory diagnosis of PB leprosy cases. The two assays are complementary to each other and beneficial for screening PB patients.

Background: The breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in recent years. The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) makes a significant contribution to chemotherapy in breast cancer. We aimed to develop the novel model as a predictor of distant relapse-free survival (DRFS) in breast cancer patients receiving taxane and anthracycline-based NACT.Methods: We collected the mRNA expression datasets of patients from GSE25055 and GSE25065 in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Univariate and Multivariate Cox Regression Analyses were conducted to achieve the prognostic genes that associated with DRFS. Moreover, the E2F target genes were obtained from GSEA. We obtained the intersection genes between the prognostic genes and E2F target genes, then validated in GSE32603 dataset. And we established a nomogram model based on PTTG1 expression level and several clinical characteristics.Results: There were 95 genes confirmed to be associated with DRFS both in GSE25055 and GSE25065. And PTTG1 was validated as a gene related to DRFS and associated with E2F target hallmark using GSEA analysis and chosen as our target gene. The AUC of PTTG1 model was 0.682 indicating a relatively poor prediction performance. Then a novel nomogram was conducted, the receiver operating characteristic (AUC=0.849), C-index (0.805) and calibration plots were applied to assess the effect of this model.Conclusion: Our study found that the E2F target genes, such as the PTTG1 may serve as a potential biomarker in breast cancer, and provided superior estimation of DRFS, which can guide the clinical practice in NACT of breast cancer.

With the economy developing, the environment problems, especially about air quality, have been a hit problem. In the PM2.5 source analysis, coal combustion is one of the important factors in the formation of PM2.5 local source. In this paper, we build network model with PM2.5 data of 366 cities in China from January 2015 to June 2017. Specifically, we construct a symmetric correlation network by partial correlation coefficient and an asymmetric information transportation network by transfer entropy. Then the spatial and temporal characteristics of PM2.5 are studied through time-variant complex networks. Structural control theory of complex networks helps to find the control node sets, which provide suggestions to prevent PM2.5 pollution. Further, we analyze the national power data and the correlation analysis shows the clean energy ratio and PM2.5 concentration are strongly correlated. Finally, control strategy of clean energy for PM2.5 is provided.

Background and Objective: Both quality of life (Qol) and stroke recurrence are prognostic indicators for stroke survivor in different aspects. Studies have analyzed Qol and survival outcomes at the same time were sparse. And the comprehensive impact of abdominal obesity on Qol and recurrence remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the comprehensive effect of abdominal obesity on the Qol and recurrence among ischaemic stroke survivors in China. Methods: Baseline information was collected with face-to-face interviews, Qol and obesity status for each patient were obtained through every 3 months via telephone follow-up, from 2010 to 2018. Qol was evaluated with the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), consists of physical component summary scores (PCS) and mental component summary scores (MCS). WC (waist circumference) were 2 categories (normal WC and abdominal obesity), according to Chinese-specific criteria. After establishing the linear mixed effect model and spline-PH model by R software, joint model model was used to explore the comprehensive effect of abdominal obesity on the Qol and recurrence. Results: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 894 subjects were included in the study. At baseline, subjects were aged 17 to 89 years, and 487(54.47%) were abdominal obesity. During the study period, 195 (21.81%) patients recurred. Controlling for comorbidity and socio-demographic characteristics, abdominal obesity have similar effect on Qol and recurrence (overall effect: 0.162; HR: 1.176; 95%CI: 0.877~1.579). Similar results were obtained, when analysis of both PCS and recurrence (overall effect: 0.141; HR: 1.151, 95%CI: 0.857~1.547). As for the comprehensive effect on MCS and recurrence, abdominal obesity got higher risk than normal WC (overall effect: 1.280; HR: 3.597, 95%CI: 1.555~8.317). Conclusion: abdominal obesity increased comprehensive risk of MCS and recurrence, and abdominal obesity may have greater impact on the MCS of stroke survivors than PCS.

The abnormally expressed peptidases in human tissues are associated with many kinds of cancers. Monitoring of endogenous peptidase activity could allow us for pathophysiology elucidation and early clinical diagnosis. Herein, we developed a general strategy for bioluminescence (BL) sensing of peptidase activity in vivo based on tumor-targeting probiotics. The probiotic that harbored a luciferase-encoding plasmid was used to target and colonize tumor and provide luciferase for BL imaging. The peptide-based probes Lc and GPc were applied to track leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) activity, respectively, by simply adding l-leucine and Gly-Pro dipeptides at the N-terminus of d-cysteine, which were specifically controlled by peptidase cleavage and released free d-cysteine to conduct a subsequent click condensation reaction with 2-cyano-6-hydroxybenzothiazole (HCBT) to produce firefly luciferin in situ, giving rise to a strong BL signal. Neither gene modification of cells of interest nor complicated synthesis was required in this BL system. Encouraged by these advantages, we successfully used our probes to monitor LAP and DPPIV activities in vitro and in vivo, respectively. A good linearity between BL and peptidase was obtained in the concentration range of 2.5-40.0 mU/mL with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.1 mU/mL (55 ng/mL) for LAP and 2.0-40.0 mU/mL with a LOD of 0.78 mU/mL (1.15 ng/mL) for DPPIV, respectively. Additionally, approximately 5-fold (LAP) and 10-fold (DPPIV) differences in the BL signal before and after treatment with a specific inhibitor were also obtained for in vivo BL imaging. All these results reflected the potential application value of our probes in BL sensing of peptidase activity. We envision that our strategy may be a useful approach for monitoring a wide range of peptidases in tumors, especially in primary tumors.

Stripe rust is a foliar disease in wheat caused by Puccinia striiformis f. tritici. The best way to protect wheat from this disease is by growing resistant cultivars. Tetraploid wheat can serve as a good source of valuable genetic diversity for various traits. Here, we report the mapping of nine stripe rust resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) effective against P. striiformis f. tritici in China and Israel. We used recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross between the durum wheat cultivar Svevo and Triticum dicoccoides accession Zavitan. By genotyping the RIL population of 137 lines using the wheat 90K single-nucleotide polymorphism array, we mapped an adult-plant resistance locus QYrsv.swust-1BL.1, the most effective QTL, within a 0.75-centimorgan region in T. turgidum subsp. durum ‘Svevo’ on chromosome arm 1BL, corresponding to the region of 670.7 to 671.5 Mb on the Chinese Spring chromosome arm 1BL. Of the other eight minor-effect stripe rust QTL, seven were from Svevo and mapped on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2B, 3A, 4A, and 5A, and one was from Zavitan and mapped on chromosome 2A. Several QTL with epistatic effects were identified as well. The markers linked to the resistance QTL can be useful in marker-assisted selection for incorporation of these resistance QTL into both durum and common wheat cultivars.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a very important mycotoxin. However, there are few studies on the removal of OTA in wine because of the great influence on product quality and difficulty in practical application. A nano-MgO-modified diatomite ceramic membrane (MCM) with a high positive charge was prepared and applied to remove OTA in wine. The isotherm adsorption between the positively charged membrane and OTA was in accordance with the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 806 ng/g at 25 °C. All of the changes in adsorption enthalpy (ΔH), adsorption free energy (ΔG) and adsorption entropy (ΔS) were negative, which indicated that the combination of nano-MgO MCM and OTA was a spontaneous exothermic and nonspecific physical adsorption process. The concentrations of OTA in adsorption-treated wines were lower than 2 μg/kg, and the removal rates exceeded 92%. After OTA removal, the composition of wines was preserved to some extent.

C 5 f 10 O has the potential to replace SF 6 gas in medium and low voltage gas insulated switchgear because of its excellent insulation performance and low global warming potential. In the case of partial overheating or discharge in the equipment, whether C 5 f 10 O can recover itself after decomposition is one of the important factors that determine its application prospect. However, there are few researches on the recovery of decomposed C 5 f 10 O by overheating at home and abroad. In this paper, the recovery experiments of C 5 f 10 O were carried out on the existing experimental system of partial decomposition of gas insulating medium. The experimental results show that C 5 f 10 O has a certain self-recover ability after overheating decomposition in the temperature range of 400 °C - 475 °C; the molecular structure of C 5 f 10 O and its main decomposition products is optimized by the hybrid: B3LYP method in the density functional theory, and the reaction paths of CF 3 CFCOCF 3 -, CF 3 - radicals and C3F6 to produce C 5 f 10 O are studied, and compared with the main decomposition reactions of C 5 f 10 O under the same conditions, the self-recover characteristics of C 5 f 10 O were revealed preliminarily in molecular level, which laid a foundation for the industrial application of C 5 f 10 O gas.

Research on the determination of the product gas decomposed by sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) in diverse discharge conditions is of considerable significance for the status evaluation of related electrical equipment. In this paper, the discharge experiment of SF 6 medium was conducted with a needle-plate electrode simulating the operating environment of gas insulated substation (GIS). The products were measured by gas chromatography, ion chromatography and other instruments, by which the appearance moment and content variation of HF, SO 2 F 2 , CF 4 , hydrolysable fluoride and other decompositions generated at 50 kV power frequency are illustrated. The formation of the product at lower energy conditions was investigated as a comparison by the discharge test at 14kV, and further experimental investigation was carried out with the electrode spacing of 0.2cm. This article also analyzed the impact of solid insulating medium (such as polyester film) on characteristic breakdown products by the discharge experiment involving solid insulating medium. The results indicated that HF was the first to be generated despite of the discharge energy, and the detected moment of SO 2 F 2 will be delayed with the decrease of discharge energy, as its concentration promoted when the discharge energy augmented. CF 4 was found in different discharge experiment, and a higher concentration of CF 4 was supposed to be related with the participating of solid insulating media. The experiment launched in this paper considered all forms of discharge fault in SF 6 electrical equipment in general and measured the consistence of breakdown gas of SF 6 correspondingly. The conclusion in this paper could contribute to the beforehand diagnosis and monitoring of sudden failures caused by discharges in SF 6 electrical equipment.

Because of its excellent insulation and arc extinguishing performance, Sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) is widely used in electrical equipment such as gas insulated switchgear (GIS), circuit breakers, transformers. The detection of the components and contents of the decomposition products of SF 6 can provide an effective basis for the running state, abnormality or latent faults of SF 6 gas insulated electrical equipment in time. In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the results, this paper analyzed many cases in which SF 6 gas insulated electrical equipment were abnormal or broken-down in recent years, and made an in-depth study on multiple influence factors, such as sampling vessel material, sampling time, detection time, SF 6 decomposition products auto hydrolysis or be adsorbed by adsorbent and equipment structure. The results show that sampling by stainless steel bottles with fluorine coating, comprehensive investigation of the SF 6 gas decomposition products (such as SO 2 F 2 , SOF 2 ) that could characterize the fault, going to the scene as soon as possible or carrying out the inspection work through online device, fully considering the different detailed structure of electrical equipment are of important significance to improve the supervision level of SF 6 electrical equipment and achieve diagnosis and prediction when SF 6 electrical equipment gets fault.

Contact temperature of GIS is the most direct index reflecting contact thermal fault information, so it is necessary to monitor its temperature in real time. At present, it is impossible to install sensors on the contacts to monitor their temperature. So, in this paper, an inversion calculation method is presented for contact temperature of GIS using the monitoring values of multi-point shell temperature and environmental temperature and an optimal layout method of the multi-point sensors installed on the shell is proposed. First, the temperature rise test was carried out on the 500kV real size GIS to obtain the distribution characteristics of internal temperature field. Then, support vector regression machine was used to gain the corresponding relationship between multi-point shell temperature, environmental temperature and contact temperature, and the actual measurement of multi-point shell temperature and environmental temperature was used to obtain the contact temperature by inversion calculation. By comparing the calculated and measured results, the average absolute monitoring error was 0.47%. Finally, the genetic algorithm was used to optimize the layout of the shell temperature sensors, and the number of sensors was reduced from 25 to 5. After optimization, the average absolute monitoring error was 2.07%, which saved the cost and improved the speed of inversion calculation.

Existing aspect based sentiment analysis (ABSA) approaches leverage various neural network models to extract the aspect sentiments via learning aspect-specific feature representations. However, these approaches heavily rely on manual tagging of user reviews according to the predefined aspects as the input, a laborious and time-consuming process. Moreover, the underlying methods do not explain how and why the opposing aspect level polarities in a user review lead to the overall polarity. In this paper, we tackle these two problems by designing and implementing a new Multiple-Attention Network (MAN) approach for more powerful ABSA without the need for aspect tags using two new tag-free data sets crawled directly from TripAdvisor ({https://www.tripadvisor.com}). With the Self- and Position-Aware attention mechanism, MAN is capable of extracting both aspect level and overall sentiments from the text reviews using the aspect level and overall customer ratings, and it can also detect the vital aspect(s) leading to the overall sentiment polarity among different aspects via a new aspect ranking scheme. We carry out extensive experiments to demonstrate the strong performance of MAN compared to other state-of-the-art ABSA approaches and the explainability of our approach by visualizing and interpreting attention weights in case studies., to appear in the proceedings of IJCNN'20

A Co(ii)-based MOF, {[Co

Objective: The current study aimed to explore how did the long voyage affect the mental status in the experimental environment and construct a quantitative relation model of the mental status during a long voyage. Method: To investigate participants’ mental health state during a long simulated long voyage, 12 participates were equally divided into three groups and were instructed to live in a simulated sailing cabin. The cabin provided a narrow and closed space and a social isolation environment. Symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90), Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) were adopted to evaluate participates’ anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms and sleep, fatigue and stress status respectively before and after the long voyage. The positive effect and negative affect schedule (PANAS) was used to investigate the daily change of positive and negative emotions in the whole simulated voyage period. These three measurements reveal the change of mental status from different perspectives before, during, after a long voyage. Results: The pretest scores of somatization were lower than the post-test scores of somatization on SCL-90.The post-test T-scores of depression and paranoia were significantly higher than those of pretest(P < 0.05) on MMPI. The change of the positive emotion could be described as a quadratic polynomial model, and the change of the negative emotion could be described as a cubic polynomial model. Conclusions: The long voyage had a significant influence on participants’ state of mind and mood, which resulted in increased negative emotion and declined positive emotion, and brought out depression and Paranoia. The positive and negative emotions showed different trends during the long term simulated voyage and different starting times of recovery, but the time of positive emotions recovering to the level of baseline after the voyage was very close to the recovery time of negative emotions after the voyage.

We study some divisibility properties related to the factors of the discriminant of the characteristic polynomial of generalized Fibonacci sequences $(G_n)_{n\ge0}$ defined by $G_0=0$, $G_1=1$ and $G_n=pG_{n-1}+qG_{n-2}$ for $n\ge2$, where $p,q$ are given integers. As corollaries, we give some divisibility properties on some well known sequences.

Additional file 1. Search Strategy and study selection

International audience; We study the set Γ consisting of univoque sequences, the set Λ consisting of sequences in which the lengths of consecutive zeros and consecutive ones are bounded, and their frequency subsets Γ a , Γ a , Γ a and Λ a , Λ a , Λ a consisting of sequences respectively in Γ and Λ with frequency, lower frequency and upper frequency of zeros equal to some a ∈ [0, 1]. The Hausdorff dimension of all these sets are obtained by studying the dynamical system (Λ (m) , σ) where σ is the shift map and Λ (m) = w ∈ {0, 1} N : w does not contain 0 m or 1 m for integer m ≥ 3, studying the Bernoulli-type measures on Λ (m) and finding out the unique equivalent σ-invariant ergodic probability measure.

Long-term isolation and rotating watch-keeping schedule in extended voyage might impact seafarers’ risk-taking propensity. The present study aimed to explore how seafarer’s risk-taking propensity varies with the prolonged voyage. 12 subjects were recruited to commit a prolonged “voyage” in a self-developed maritime chamber simulator. They lived and worked together following a rotating watch-standing schedule. Social isolation was realized by cutting off the communication between inside and outside world. Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) and Sensation Seeking Scale V (SSSV) were adopted as behavioral and self-assessed measures of risk-taking. Participants completed these two assessments before the “voyage” (baseline), at five different time points during the “voyage” and after the “voyage” (post-voyage). Number of explosions and adjusted number of pumps, which represent the riskiness on BART, decreased with the ongoing of the voyage, though the magnitude of the declination is small in size. Accordingly, the scores on SSS and its four subscales, especially the thrill and adventure seeking (TAS) subscale, also declined with the voyage. The results implicated that the sleep deprivation caused by the rotating shift and the stimulation deprivation caused by isolation together would reduce people’s riskiness in decision making and the willingness to engage in high-risk and sensational activities as the prolonged voyage going on.