77 results on '"Yiftach Roth"'
Search Results
2. Pursuing personalized medicine for depression by targeting the lateral or medial prefrontal cortex with Deep TMS
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Abraham Zangen, Samuel Zibman, Aron Tendler, Noam Barnea-Ygael, Uri Alyagon, Daniel M. Blumberger, Geoffrey Grammer, Hadar Shalev, Tatiana Gulevski, Tanya Vapnik, Alexander Bystritsky, Igor Filipčić, David Feifel, Ahava Stein, Frederic Deutsch, Yiftach Roth, and Mark S. George
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General Medicine - Published
- 2023
3. A novel multi-channel stimulator for clinical and research use
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Gaby Pell, Samuel Zibman, and Yiftach Roth
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General Neuroscience ,Biophysics ,Neurology (clinical) - Published
- 2023
4. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for smoking cessation: a pivotal multicenter double‐blind randomized controlled trial
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Moran Lipkinsky Grosz, Mark S. George, Dan V. Iosifescu, Alexander Bystritsky, Oscar G. Morales, Ahava Stein, Leah S. Casuto, Noam Barnea-Ygael, Aron Tendler, Abraham Zangen, Doron Toder, Jaron Winston, Yiftach Roth, Tanya Vapnik, David Feifel, Xingbao Li, Theodore Wirecki, Diana Martinez, Herbert E. Ward, Frederic Deutsch, Edward V. Nunes, Walter Duffy, and Hagar Moshe
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Research Reports ,Craving ,Abstinence ,law.invention ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Randomized controlled trial ,chemistry ,law ,Internal medicine ,Brain stimulation ,medicine ,Smoking cessation ,Pshychiatric Mental Health ,medicine.symptom ,Psychiatry ,business ,Cotinine ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,media_common - Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non‐invasive brain stimulation method increasingly used to treat psychiatric disorders, primarily depression. Initial studies suggest that rTMS may help to treat addictions, but evaluation in multicenter randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is needed. We conducted a multicenter double‐blind RCT in 262 chronic smokers meeting DSM‐5 criteria for tobacco use disorder, who had made at least one prior failed attempt to quit, with 68% having made at least three failed attempts. They received three weeks of daily bilateral active or sham rTMS to the lateral prefrontal and insular cortices, followed by once weekly rTMS for three weeks. Each rTMS session was administered following a cue‐induced craving procedure, and participants were monitored for a total of six weeks. Those in abstinence were monitored for additional 12 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the four‐week continuous quit rate (CQR) until Week 18 in the intent‐to‐treat efficacy set, as determined by daily smoking diaries and verified by urine cotinine measures. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02126124). In the intent‐to‐treat analysis set (N=234), the CQR until Week 18 was 19.4% following active and 8.7% following sham rTMS (X(2)=5.655, p=0.017). Among completers (N=169), the CQR until Week 18 was 28.0% and 11.7%, respectively (X(2)=7.219, p=0.007). The reduction in cigarette consumption and craving was significantly greater in the active than the sham group as early as two weeks into treatment. This study establishes a safe treatment protocol that promotes smoking cessation by stimulating relevant brain circuits. It represents the first large multicenter RCT of brain stimulation in addiction medicine, and has led to the first clearance by the US Food and Drug Administration for rTMS as an aid in smoking cessation for adults.
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- 2021
5. A Novel, Modular and Hybrid Method and Software for the Reduction of AEP Artifacts in TMS-EEG Studies
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Vasilios K. Kimiskidis, Dimitris Kugiumtzis, Abraham Zangen, Samuel Ziebman, Yiftach Roth, Evangelia Chatzikyriakou, Ioannis Vlahos, Iurii Venglovskyi, and Konstantinos Pastiadis
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- 2022
6. Long-term outcomes of a course of deep TMS for treatment-resistant OCD
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Tal Harmelech, Aron Tendler, Mehmet Kemal Arikan, Hamide Laçin Çetin, Muhammed Taha Esmeray, Reyhan Ilhan, Ryan Vidrine, Owen Muir, Carlene MacMillan, Rebecca Sinclair, Saad Shakir, David Kent, Nicholas Evangelidis, and Yiftach Roth
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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ,Treatment Outcome ,General Neuroscience ,Biophysics ,Humans ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Neurology (clinical) ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,RC321-571 - Published
- 2022
7. Deep TMS H1 Coil treatment for depression: Results from a large post marketing data analysis
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Aron Tendler, Stephan Goerigk, Samuel Zibman, Salomé Ouaknine, Tal Harmelech, Gaby S Pell, Abraham Zangen, Steven A. Harvey, Geoffrey Grammer, Jimmy Stehberg, Oluremi Adefolarin, Owen Muir, Carlene MacMillan, Diana Ghelber, Walter Duffy, Irakli Mania, Zeeshan Faruqui, Faisal Munasifi, Todd Antin, Frank Padberg, and Yiftach Roth
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Biological Psychiatry - Published
- 2023
8. Electrical field measurements and simulations of the H7 and D-B80 coils: Non-equivalence of the TMS coils for obsessive compulsive disorder
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Tal Harmelech, Theodoros Samaras, Marietta Tzirini, Yiftach Roth, Gaby S. Pell, Samuel Zibman, Abraham Zangen, Aron Tendler, and Vasilios K. Kimiskidis
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Physics ,Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ,Field (physics) ,Obsessive compulsive ,General Neuroscience ,Quantum electrodynamics ,Biophysics ,Humans ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Neurology (clinical) ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,Equivalence (measure theory) ,RC321-571 - Published
- 2021
9. Behavioral and Functional Brain Activity Alterations Induced by TMS Coils with Different Spatial Distributions
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Gaby S. Pell, Yiftach Roth, Hamutal Shachar, Moshe Isserles, Noam Barnea-Ygael, and Abraham Zangen
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General Neuroscience ,General Medicine - Abstract
Previous investigation of cognitive processes using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) have explored the response to different stimulation parameters such as frequency and coil location. In this study, we attempt to add another parameter by exploiting the spatial profiles of TMS coils to infer regional information concerning reward-related behavior. We used different TMS coils to modulate activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and examined resulting changes in behavior and associated brain activity. More specifically, we used the Figure-8 coil to stimulate a portion of the dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC) and the H-Coil to stimulate a larger volume within the lateral PFC (LPFC). Healthy human volunteers completed behavioral questionnaires (n = 29) or performed a reward-related decision-making functional MRI (fMRI) task (n = 21) immediately before and after acute high-frequency stimulation (10 Hz) with either a Figure-8 coil, H-Coil, or a sham coil. Stimulation was found to induce behavioral changes as well as changes in brain activation in key nodes of the reward network. Right LPFC, but not right DLPFC or sham, stimulation was found to induce changes in both behavioral scores and brain activation in key nodes of the reward system. In conclusion, this study supports the role of the right LPFC in reward-related behavior and suggest that the pathways through which the observed effects were generated are located outside the area of the DLPFC that is traditionally targeted with TMS. These results demonstrate the use of TMS coils with different spatial profiles as an informative tool to investigate anatomic and functional correlates of behavior.
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- 2023
10. Revisiting the Rotational Field TMS Method for Neurostimulation
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Yiftach Roth, Samuel Zibman, Gaby S. Pell, Abraham Zangen, and Aron Tendler
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General Medicine - Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive technique that has shown high efficacy in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and is increasingly utilized for various neuropsychiatric disorders. However, conventional TMS is limited to activating only a small fraction of neurons that have components parallel to the induced electric field. This likely contributes to the significant variability observed in clinical outcomes. A novel method termed rotational field TMS (rfTMS or TMS 360°) enables the activation of a greater number of neurons by reducing the sensitivity to orientation. Recruitment of a larger number of neurons offers the potential to enhance efficacy and reduce variability in the treatment of clinical indications for which neuronal recruitment and organization may play a significant role, such as MDD and stroke. The potential of the method remains to be validated in clinical trials. Here, we revisit and describe in detail the rfTMS method, its principles, mode of operation, effects on the brain, and potential benefits for clinical TMS.
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- 2023
11. Auditory Fine-Tuned Suppressor of TMS-Clicks (TMS-Click AFTS): A Novel, Perceptually Driven/Tuned Approach for the Reduction in AEP Artifacts in TMS-EEG Studies
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Konstantinos Pastiadis, Ioannis Vlachos, Evangelia Chatzikyriakou, Yiftach Roth, Samuel Zibman, Abraham Zangen, Dimitris Kugiumtzis, and Vasilios K. Kimiskidis
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Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,TMS-EEG ,acoustic artifact ,AEP suppression ,General Engineering ,General Materials Science ,Instrumentation ,Computer Science Applications - Abstract
TMS contaminates concurrent EEG recordings with Auditory Evoked Potentials (AEPs), which are caused by the perceived impulsive acoustic noise of the TMS coils. We hereby introduce a novel and perceptually motivated/tuned method for the suppression of auditory evoked EEG artifacts of rTMS under the name of “Auditory Fine-Tuned Suppressor of TMS-Clicks” (TMS-click AFTS). The proposed method is based on the deployment of a psychophysically-matched wide-band noise (WBN) masking stimulus, whose parametric synthesis and presentation are based upon adaptive psychophysical optimization. The masking stimulus is constructed individually for each patient/subject, thus facilitating aspects of precision medicine. A specially designed automation software is used for the realization of an adaptive procedure for optimal parameterization of masking noise level, optimizing both the subject’s comfort and the degree of AEP reduction. The proposed adaptive procedure also takes into account the combined effect of TMS intensity level and can as well account for any possibly available subject’s hearing acuity data. To assess the efficacy of the proposed method in reducing the acoustic effects of TMS, we performed TMS-EEG recordings with a 60 channel TMS-compatible EEG system in a cohort of healthy subjects (n = 10) and patients with epilepsy (n = 10) under four conditions (i.e., resting EEG with and without acoustic mask and sham TMS-EEG with and without acoustic mask at various stimulus intensity levels). The proposed approach shows promising results in terms of efficiency of AEP suppression and subject’s comfort and warrants further investigation in research and clinical settings.
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- 2023
12. Lab to clinic: Application of rotating field TMS
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Elisha Moses, Ami Eisen, Yuri Burnishev, and Yiftach Roth
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General Neuroscience ,Biophysics ,Neurology (clinical) - Published
- 2023
13. Remission rates following deep TMS for treatment-resistant OCD
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Roman Gersner, Aron Tendler, Mehmet Kemal Arikan, Ryan Vidrine, Geoff Grammer, Owen Müir, Carlene MacMillan, Rebecca Sinclair, Saad Shakir, David Kent, Raul Rodriguez, Nicholas Evangelidis, Deborah Kim, Tal Harmelech, and Yiftach Roth
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General Neuroscience ,Biophysics ,Neurology (clinical) - Published
- 2022
14. Cluster of baseline symptoms differentiates between responders to high frequency rTMS with the H7 coil over the mPFC versus with the H1 coil over the dlPFC in patients with MDD
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Samuel Zibman, Gaby Pell, Yiftach Roth, Abraham Zangen, and Aron Tendler
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General Neuroscience ,Biophysics ,Neurology (clinical) - Published
- 2022
15. Rotational field TMS: Comparison with conventional TMS based on motor evoked potentials and thresholds in the hand and leg motor cortices
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Abraham Zangen, Elisha Moses, Yafit Hadad, Moria Ankry, Yiftach Roth, Noam Barnea-Ygael, Ami Eisen, Aron Tendler, Yuri Burnishev, and Gaby S. Pell
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Population ,Biophysics ,Stimulation ,050105 experimental psychology ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,Motor threshold ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Rotational field ,Electric field ,Neuroplasticity ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Evoked potential ,education ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Physics ,Leg ,education.field_of_study ,Electromyography ,General Neuroscience ,05 social sciences ,MEP ,Evoked Potentials, Motor ,Hand ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Electromagnetic coil ,TMS ,Unidirectional ,Motor cortex ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a rapidly expanding technology utilized in research and neuropsychiatric treatments. Yet, conventional TMS configurations affect primarily neurons that are aligned parallel to the induced electric field by a fixed coil, making the activation orientation-specific. A novel method termed rotational field TMS (rfTMS), where two orthogonal coils are operated with a 90° phase shift, produces rotation of the electric field vector over almost a complete cycle, and may stimulate larger portion of the neuronal population within a given brain area. Objective To compare the physiological effects of rfTMS and conventional unidirectional TMS (udTMS) in the motor cortex. Methods Hand and leg resting motor thresholds (rMT), and motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitudes and latencies (at 120% of rMT), were measured using a dual-coil array based on the H7-coil, in 8 healthy volunteers following stimulation at different orientations of either udTMS or rfTMS. Results For both target areas rfTMS produced significantly lower rMTs and much higher MEPs than those induced by udTMS, for comparable induced electric field amplitude. Both hand and leg rMTs were orientation-dependent. Conclusions rfTMS induces stronger physiologic effects in targeted brain regions at significantly lower intensities. Importantly, given the activation of a much larger population of neurons within a certain brain area, repeated application of rfTMS may induce different neuroplastic effects in neural networks, opening novel research and clinical opportunities.
- Published
- 2020
16. Deep TMS H7 Coil: Features, ApplicationsFuture
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Tal Harmelech, Yiftach Roth, and Aron Tendler
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Depressive Disorder, Major ,Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ,Autism Spectrum Disorder ,Biomedical Engineering ,Brain ,Humans ,Surgery ,General Medicine ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation - Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) uses magnetic pulses to induce electrical current in the underlying neuronal tissue. A variety of TMS coils exist on the market, differing primarily in configuration, orientation, and flexibility of the wire windings of the coil. Deep TMSHere we assembled all peer-reviewed publications on the H7 Coil to showcase its efficacy in: (a) various OCD patient populations (e.g., different degrees of symptom severity, treatment resistance, comorbidities) (b) other neuropsychiatric populations (e.g., addiction, major depressive disorder and autism spectrum disorder).While substantial evidence pertaining to the H7 Coil's efficacy as well as its MOA has accumulated, much work remains. In the final section of this review, we highlight areas of ongoing and future research that will further elucidate the coil's MOA as well as its full efficacy potential.
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- 2021
17. Effectiveness of high frequency rTMS stimulation with the H7 coil over the mPFC versus with the H1 coil over the dlPFC in patients with MDD: A multicenter randomized controlled non-inferiority trial
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Aron Tendler, Samuel Zibman, Gaby Pell, Yiftach Roth, Abraham Zangen, Geoffrey Grammar, Daniel Blumberger, Igor Filipcic, Hader Shalev, Alexander Bystritsky, David Feifel, and Mark George
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General Neuroscience ,Biophysics ,Neurology (clinical) - Published
- 2022
18. Deep TMS for major depression: Results from a large post-marketing data analysis
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Aron Tendler, Stephan Goerigk, Yiftach Roth, Samuel Zibman, Gaby S. Pell, Abraham Zangen, and Frank Padberg
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General Neuroscience ,Biophysics ,Neurology (clinical) - Published
- 2022
19. Detailed measurements and simulations of electric field distribution of two TMS coils cleared for obsessive compulsive disorder in the brain and in specific regions associated with OCD
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Marietta Tzirini, Yiftach Roth, Tal Harmelech, Samuel Zibman, Gaby S Pell, Vasilios k. Kimiskidis, Aron Tendler, Abraham Zangen, and Theodoros Samaras
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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ,Multidisciplinary ,Motor Cortex ,Brain ,Humans ,Head ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,behavioral disciplines and activities - Abstract
The FDA cleared deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (Deep TMS) with the H7 coil for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) treatment, following a double-blinded placebo-controlled multicenter trial. Two years later the FDA cleared TMS with the D-B80 coil on the basis of substantial equivalence. In order to investigate the induced electric field characteristics of the two coils, these were placed at the treatment position for OCD over the prefrontal cortex of a head phantom, and the field distribution was measured. Additionally, numerical simulations were performed in eight Population Head Model repository models with two sets of conductivity values and three Virtual Population anatomical head models and their homogeneous versions. The H7 was found to induce significantly higher maximal electric fields (p
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- 2022
20. The Relation between Induced Electric Field and TMS-Evoked Potentials: A Deep TMS-EEG Study
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Ioannis Vlachos, Marietta Tzirini, Evangelia Chatzikyriakou, Ioannis Markakis, Maria Anastasia Rouni, Theodoros Samaras, Yiftach Roth, Abraham Zangen, Alexander Rotenberg, Dimitris Kugiumtzis, and Vasilios K. Kimiskidis
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Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,General Engineering ,General Materials Science ,EEG-TMS ,E-field ,deep TMS ,Instrumentation ,Computer Science Applications - Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in humans induces electric fields (E-fields, EF) that perturb and modulate the brain’s endogenous neuronal activity and result in the generation of TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs). The exact relation of the characteristics of the induced E-field and the intensity of the brains’ response, as measured by electroencephalography (EEG), is presently unclear. In this pilot study, conducted on three healthy subjects and two patients with generalized epilepsy (total: 3 males, 2 females, mean age of 26 years; healthy: 2 males, 1 female, mean age of 25.7 years; patients: 1 male, 1 female, mean age of 26.5 years), we investigated the temporal and spatial relations of the E-field, induced by single-pulse stimuli, and the brain’s response to TMS. Brain stimulation was performed with a deep TMS device (BrainsWay Ltd., Jerusalem, Israel) and an H7 coil placed over the central area. The induced EF was computed on personalized anatomical models of the subjects through magneto quasi-static simulations. We identified specific time instances and brain regions that exhibit high positive or negative associations of the E-field with brain activity. In addition, we identified significant correlations of the brain’s response intensity with the strength of the induced E-field and finally prove that TEPs are better correlated with E-field characteristics than with the stimulator’s output. These observations provide further insight in the relation between E-field and the ensuing cortical activation, validate in a clinically relevant manner the results of E-field modeling and reinforce the view that personalized approaches should be adopted in the field of non-invasive brain stimulation.
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- 2022
21. Alternate day dTMS combined with SSRIs for chronic treatment resistant depression: A prospective multicenter study
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Roman Gersner, Abraham Zangen, Yiftach Roth, and Aron Tendler
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Placebo ,Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Dosing ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Adverse effect ,Aged ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Combined Modality Therapy ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Treatment Outcome ,Tolerability ,Female ,Headaches ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Treatment-resistant depression ,Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Chronic treatment resistant depression takes a substantial toll on patients' quality of life and alternative treatment options are limited. This prospective multicenter study evaluated the safety, tolerability and efficacy of four weeks of thrice-a-week deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) in combination with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).Forty patients who failed to respond during a 16-week double-blind placebo controlled (DBPC) trial of dTMS or sham dTMS as monotherapy were screened and started a treatment of previously tolerable but ineffective SSRI. After ten days of medication, high frequency dTMS was added three times a week for four weeks.dTMS combined with SSRIs was well tolerated, with only headaches as a related adverse event (n = 4), which did not cause drop outs. Six patients were excluded from analysis: 1 was missing screening data and 5 received less than 10 sessions. Out of 34 patients included in this study, 12 (35.3%) patients remitted (HDRS-21 10). No significant differences were found between patients who had received sham or active dTMS in the earlier DBPC multicenter trial.This was a small scale open study of dTMS with SSRIs in patients that failed to respond during a DBPC dTMS trial, although a carryover effect cannot be excluded. Comparative efficacy of dTMS with and without SSRIs and specific dosing and protocol parameters warrant specifically-designed large-scale controlled studies.Thrice weekly dTMS at 120% motor threshold(MT), 10 HZ, 3‑s trains, 20‑s intervals, 2400 daily pulses, can augment formerly ineffective SSRI treatment.
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- 2018
22. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Smoking Cessation
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Ahava Stein, Tanya Vapnik, Aron Tendler, Oscar G. Morales, Walter Duffy, Jaron Winston, Abraham Zangen, Doron Toder, Edward V. Nunes, Frederic Deutsch, David Feifel, Theodore Wirecki, Xingbao Li, Yiftach Roth, Alexander Bystritsky, Noam Barnea-Ygael, Leah S. Casuto, Mark S. George, Dan V. Iosifescu, Herbert E. Ward, Diana Martinez, Moran Lipkinsky Grosz, and Hagar Moshe
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Intention-to-treat analysis ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Craving ,law.invention ,Addiction medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Brain stimulation ,Physical therapy ,medicine ,Smoking cessation ,medicine.symptom ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,business ,Depression (differential diagnoses) - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation method that is increasingly used to treat psychiatric disorders, primarily depression. Initial studies suggest that rTMS may help treat addictions, but evaluation is required in a multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT). METHODS: Here, we tested in chronic smokers whether repeated bilateral rTMS of the lateral prefrontal and insular cortices reduces cigarette craving and consumption and increases quit rates. This multicenter RCT included 14 sites and 262 chronic smokers who received Active or Sham rTMS. Participants received three weeks of daily rTMS sessions following cue-induced craving and were monitored up to four months. The primary outcome was the four-week continuous quit rate (CQR) measured by daily smoking diaries and verified by urine cotinine measures. Secondary outcome measures included changes in cigarette consumption and craving. This trail is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02126124. RESULTS: In the intent to treat analysis set, CQR was 19·4% following Active and 8·7% following Sham rTMS (χ 2 = 5·655, p=0·017). Among completers (N=169), CQR was 28·0% and 11·7%, respectively (χ 2 = 7·219, p=0·007). CQR within the first six weeks was 25·3% (Active) and 6·4% (Sham) (χ 2 = 11·885, p=0·0006), of which 63% (Active) and 50% (Sham) remained abstinent for at least four months (χ 2 =8·46, p=0·003). Significant between-group differences in cigarette consumption and craving emerged as early as two weeks into treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This study establishes a safe treatment protocol that promotes smoking cessation by stimulating the relevant brain circuits. It represents the first large multicenter RCT of brain stimulation for addiction medicine. Funded by: BrainsWay Declaration of Interest: Oscar Morales occasional reports consult work for Brainsway; Dr. Tendler reports personal fees from Brainsway, other from Advanced Mental Health Care Inc./DTMS Center LLC, outside the submitted work; Dr. Roth reports personal fees from Brainsway, outside the submitted work; In addition, Dr. Roth has a patent US 7,407,478 with royalties paid; Mr. Deutsch reports personal fees from Brainsway, during the conduct of the study; personal fees from Brainsway, outside the submitted work; David Feifel reports he is a member of Brainsway's Scientific Advisory Board (non-compensated); Dr. Duffy reports other from Brainsway, during the conduct of the study; other from Alivation Health LLC and Alivation Research LLC, outside the submitted work; Prof. Abraham Zangen is an inventor of Deep TMS coils which were patented by the NIH and other academic institutions where Abraham Zangen worked. These patents were licensed to BrainsWay and Abraham Zangen receives royalties from these patents. In addition Prof. Zangen serves as consultant for BrainsWay and has finanacial insterests in BrainsWay; Dr. Todder reports other from BRAINSWAY, during the conduct of the study; all other authors have nothing to disclose. Ethical Approval:The trial protocol (Supplementary Materials; SM 1.1) was approved by local institutional review boards and was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02126124). The study was conducted in the United States (12 sites) and Israel (two sites), with active enrollment from August 2014 through August 2019. The trial was supported by industry (BrainsWay).
- Published
- 2021
23. Deep TMS for the treatment of comorbid anxiety
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Abraham Zangen, Aron Tendler, Gaby S. Pell, Sam Zibman, and Yiftach Roth
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Comorbid anxiety ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,Biophysics ,Medicine ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Neurology (clinical) ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,business ,RC321-571 ,Clinical psychology - Published
- 2021
24. Analysis of multi-center MDD trials indicates direct, polysymptomatic effect of rTMS on depression and anxiety with H1-coil and delayed, indirect effect on anxiety with figure-8 coil
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Stephan Goerigk, Frank Padberg, Samuel Zibman, Gaby S. Pell, Yiftach Roth, and Abraham Zangen
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,Biophysics ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Audiology ,Indirect effect ,Electromagnetic coil ,medicine ,Anxiety ,Center (algebra and category theory) ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,RC321-571 - Published
- 2021
25. Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined With Brief Exposure for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Prospective Multisite Randomized Trial
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Daniel M. Blumberger, Frederic Deutsch, Kerry J. Ressler, Yiftach Roth, Amit Etkin, Sandeep Vaishnavi, Leah S. Casuto, Mahendra T. Bhati, Lisa Deutsch, Walter Duffy, Mark S. George, David Feifel, Moshe Isserles, Ahava Stein, Kyle A.B. Lapidus, Oscar G. Morales, Abraham Zangen, Aron Tendler, Igor Filipcic, Joseph Zohar, Herbert E. Ward, Alexander Bystritsky, Zafiris J. Daskalakis, Laura Viner, and Corey J. Keller
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Exposure therapy ,Implosive Therapy ,Placebo ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Article ,law.invention ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,Double-Blind Method ,law ,Multicenter trial ,mental disorders ,Clinical endpoint ,Medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Prefrontal cortex ,Biological Psychiatry ,business.industry ,Extinction (psychology) ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,030104 developmental biology ,Treatment Outcome ,Anesthesia ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is both prevalent and debilitating. While deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) has shown preliminary efficacy, exposure therapy remains the most efficacious, though limited, treatment in PTSD. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is implicated in extinction learning, suggesting that concurrent mPFC stimulation may enhance exposure therapy. In this randomized controlled multicenter trial, the efficacy and safety of mPFC dTMS combined with a brief exposure procedure were studied in patients with PTSD. Methods Immediately following exposure to their trauma narrative, 125 outpatients were randomly assigned to receive dTMS or sham. Twelve sessions were administered over 4 weeks, with a primary end point of change in 5-week Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 score. This clinical study did not include biological markers. Results Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 score improved significantly in both groups at 5 weeks, though the improvement was smaller in the dTMS group (16.32) compared with the sham group (20.52; p = .027). At 9 weeks, improvement continued in Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 score in both groups but remained smaller in dTMS (19.0) versus sham (24.4; p = .024). Conclusions Both groups showed significant PTSD symptom improvement, possibly from the brief script-driven imagery exposure. While our design was unable to rule out placebo effects, the magnitude and durability of improvement suggest that repeated ultrabrief exposure therapy alone may be an effective treatment for PTSD, warranting additional study. The surprising and unexpected effect in the dTMS group also suggests that repeated mPFC stimulation with the H7 coil may interfere with trauma memory–mediated extinction. Our results provide new insight for dTMS approaches for possible future avenues to treat PTSD.
- Published
- 2020
26. Real-world efficacy of deep TMS for obsessive-compulsive disorder: Post-marketing data collected from twenty-two clinical sites
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Brandon Cornejo, Leah S. Casuto, David Kent, Yiftach Roth, William Sauve, Kellie Tolin, Tal Harmelech, Carlene MacMillan, Abraham Zangen, Ryan Vidrine, Taylor Porter, Geoffrey Grammer, Raul Rodriguez, Rebecca Sinclair, Julia Swofford, Aron Tendler, Saad Shakir, Mehmet Kemal Arikan, Steven A. Harvey, Robert Rifkin, Owen Muir, Deborah Kim, Manish Sheth, Misty Borst, Brendan Roe, and Brent Peterson
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ,Disease course ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale ,Obsessive compulsive ,Outcome Assessment, Health Care ,Medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Biological Psychiatry ,Response rate (survey) ,Marketing ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Treatment Outcome ,Sustained response ,Physical therapy ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Clearance - Abstract
Background Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) with the H7-coil was FDA cleared for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in August 2018 based on multicenter sham-controlled studies. Here we look at the efficacy of dTMS for OCD in real world practices. Methods All dTMS clinics were asked to supply their data on treatment details and outcome measures. The primary outcome measure was response, defined by at least a 30% reduction in the Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) score from baseline to endpoint. Secondary outcome measures included first response, defined as the first time the YBOCS score has met response criteria, and at least one-month sustained response. Analyses included response rate at the endpoint (after 29 dTMS sessions), number of sessions and days required to reach first response and sustained response. Results Twenty-two clinical sites with H7-coils provided data on details of treatment and outcome (YBOCS) measures from a total of 219 patients. One-hundred-sixty-seven patients who had at least one post-baseline YBOCS measure were included in the main analyses. Overall first and sustained response rates were 72.6% and 52.4%, respectively. The response rate was 57.9% in patients who had YBOCS scores after 29 dTMS sessions. First response was achieved in average after 18.5 sessions (SD = 9.4) or 31.6 days (SD = 25.2). Onset of sustained one-month response was achieved in average after 20 sessions (SD = 9.8) or 32.1 days (SD = 20.5). Average YBOCS scores demonstrated continuous reduction with increasing numbers of dTMS sessions. Conclusions In real-world clinical practice, the majority of OCD patients benefitted from dTMS, and the onset of improvement usually occurs within 20 sessions. Extending the treatment course beyond 29 sessions results in continued reduction of OCD symptoms, raising the prospect of value for extended treatment protocols in non-responders.
- Published
- 2020
27. Do comorbid OCD-MDD patients need two separate dTMS protocols?
- Author
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Yiftach Roth, Tal Harmelech, Aron Tendler, and Abraham Zangen
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,Biophysics ,medicine ,MEDLINE ,Neurology (clinical) ,Psychiatry ,business ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,lcsh:RC321-571 - Published
- 2020
28. Deep TMS for major depression, interim post-marketing analysis of 1040 patients
- Author
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Brent A. Nelson, Zeeshan Faruqui, Juan Cabrera, Saad Shakir, Michael Goodman, Irkali Mania, Richard Naimark, Faisal A. Munasifi, Owen Muir, Moshe Isserles, David Jones, Aron Tendler, Shahid Insaf, Jagdeep Kaur, Jimmy Stehberg, Natalie Lender, Walter Duffy, Mark DeLuca, Todd Antin, Susan Rushing, Deborah Kim, Diana Ghelber, Kenneth Melman, David Schmidt, Yiftach Roth, Carlene McMillan, Sabeen Faris, Steven A. Harvey, and Abraham Zangen
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,Interim ,Biophysics ,medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Psychiatry ,business ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,lcsh:RC321-571 - Published
- 2020
29. Glutamate-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier Opening: Implications for Neuroprotection and Drug Delivery
- Author
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Abraham Zangen, Alon Friedman, Maurizio Salvati, Ofer Prager, Antonio Santoro, Alessandro D'Elia, Maurizio Inghilleri, Gaby S. Pell, Ruggero N. Raccah, Hamutal Shahar, Marco Ceccanti, Yoash Chassidim, Claudio Colonnese, Yiftach Roth, Michael Fassler, Emanuela Onesti, Ronel Veksler, Udi Vazana, and Valter Nucciarelli
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,General Neuroscience ,Drug delivery to the brain ,Glutamate receptor ,Vascular permeability ,Biology ,Blood–brain barrier ,Neuroprotection ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cerebral cortex ,n-methyl-d-aspartate ,blood–brain barrier ,glutamate ,imaging ,transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Drug delivery ,medicine ,NMDA receptor ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The blood–brain barrier is a highly selective anatomical and functional interface allowing a unique environment for neuro-glia networks. Blood–brain barrier dysfunction is common in most brain disorders and is associated with disease course and delayed complications. However, the mechanisms underlying blood–brain barrier opening are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate the role of the neurotransmitter glutamate in modulating early barrier permeability in vivo. Using intravital microscopy, we show that recurrent seizures and the associated excessive glutamate release lead to increased vascular permeability in the rat cerebral cortex, through activation of NMDA receptors. NMDA receptor antagonists reduce barrier permeability in the peri-ischemic brain, whereas neuronal activation using high-intensity magnetic stimulation increases barrier permeability and facilitates drug delivery. Finally, we conducted a double-blind clinical trial in patients with malignant glial tumors, using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to quantitatively assess blood–brain barrier permeability. We demonstrate the safety of stimulation that efficiently increased blood–brain barrier permeability in 10 of 15 patients with malignant glial tumors. We suggest a novel mechanism for the bidirectional modulation of brain vascular permeability toward increased drug delivery and prevention of delayed complications in brain disorders. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In this study, we reveal a new mechanism that governs blood–brain barrier (BBB) function in the rat cerebral cortex, and, by using the discovered mechanism, we demonstrate bidirectional control over brain endothelial permeability. Obviously, the clinical potential of manipulating BBB permeability for neuroprotection and drug delivery is immense, as we show in preclinical and proof-of-concept clinical studies. This study addresses an unmet need to induce transient BBB opening for drug delivery in patients with malignant brain tumors and effectively facilitate BBB closure in neurological disorders.
- Published
- 2016
30. H-coil repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy: A case report
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Yiftach Roth, N. Chiriboga, Mark H. Libenson, Lindsay M. Oberman, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Harper L. Kaye, Roman Gersner, Abraham Zangen, Mónica Sánchez, and Alexander Rotenberg
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,TLE, temporal lobe epilepsy ,Case Report ,Audiology ,Electroencephalography ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,rMT, resting MT ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,Temporal lobe ,EEG, electroencephalogram ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Epilepsy ,0302 clinical medicine ,MT, motor threshold ,mental disorders ,medicine ,rTMS, repetitive TMS ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Seizure frequency ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Neuromodulation ,musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology ,TMS, transcranial magnetic stimulation ,medicine.disease ,MMSE, Mini-mental State Exam ,FDA, Food and Drug Administration ,Neuromodulation (medicine) ,030227 psychiatry ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Neurology ,Tolerability ,nervous system ,Anesthesia ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Epileptic foci ,MRI, magnetic resonance imaging ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,psychological phenomena and processes - Abstract
Low frequency repetitive TMS (rTMS) of a cortical seizure focus is emerging as an antiepileptic treatment. While conventional rTMS stimulators activate only superficial cortical areas, reaching deep epileptic foci, for example in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), is possible using specially designed H-coils. We report the results of rTMS in a young adult with pharmacoresistant bilateral TLE who underwent three courses (of 10, 15, and 30 daily sessions) of unilateral rTMS over the hemisphere from which seizures originated most often. Seizure frequency was assessed before and after each block of rTMS sessions, as was the tolerability of the procedure. Seizure frequency declined significantly, by 50 to 70% following each rTMS course. All sessions were well-tolerated.
- Published
- 2016
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31. Acute reduction in anxiety after deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (DTMS) in unipolar major depression- a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Helena M Gellersen, Abraham Zangen, Karina Karolina Kedzior, and Yiftach Roth
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Anxiety ,Anxiolytic ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Anti-Anxiety Agents ,medicine ,Humans ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Biological Psychiatry ,Depressive Disorder, Major ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,Anxiety Disorders ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,Antidepressive Agents ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Treatment Outcome ,Systematic review ,Anesthesia ,Meta-analysis ,Antidepressant ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
The current study investigated the anxiolytic properties of the deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (DTMS) in unipolar major depression using a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Compared to baseline, large anxiolytic and antidepressant outcomes were obtained after 20 daily sessions of high-frequency DTMS according to data from six open-label studies with 95 patients. Unlike the antidepressant effect, the anxiolytic effect was more heterogeneous among studies and did not depend on concurrent treatment with antidepressants.
- Published
- 2015
32. Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder is efficacious even in patients who failed multiple medications and CBT
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Yiftach Roth, Eric A. Storch, Aron Tendler, Abraham Zangen, Noam Barnea-Ygael, and Lior Carmi
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Adult ,Male ,Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,MEDLINE ,Disease ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pharmacotherapy ,Double-Blind Method ,Obsessive compulsive ,mental disorders ,Humans ,Medicine ,In patient ,Treatment Failure ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Young adult ,Biological Psychiatry ,Aged ,Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,030227 psychiatry ,Clinical trial ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Treatment Outcome ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Antipsychotic Agents - Abstract
OCD is a chronic and disabling disease with a lifetime prevalence of 2%-3%. About 40-60% of these patients do not adequately respond to pharmacotherapy and CBT. Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) was shown to be safe and effective as a treatment alternative for OCD and recently received regulatory approvals. Yet it is unclear whether patients who failed numerous medications and/or CBT can still benefit from dTMS. Here, we analyzed recent data from a double-blind multicenter dTMS study and found efficacy of this novel treatment even in OCD patient cohorts who previously failed to respond to multiple medications and CBT.
- Published
- 2020
33. Application of transcranial magnetic stimulation for major depression: Coil design and neuroanatomical variability considerations
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Gaby S. Pell, Abraham Zangen, Yiftach Roth, Samuel Zibman, and Noam Barnea-Ygael
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Clinical effectiveness ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Stimulation ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Biological Psychiatry ,Pharmacology ,Depressive Disorder, Major ,business.industry ,Depression ,Brain ,medicine.disease ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,030227 psychiatry ,Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Safety profile ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Neurology ,Electromagnetic coil ,Major depressive disorder ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
High-frequency repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) has received FDA clearance for both the figure-of-8 coil (figure-8 coil) and the H1 coil. The FDA-cleared MDD protocols for both coils include high frequency (10–18 Hz) stimulation targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) at an intensity that is 120% of the right-hand resting motor threshold. Despite these similar parameters, the two coils generate distinct electrical fields (e-fields) which result in differences in the cortical stimulation they produce. Due to the differences in coil designs, the H1 coil induces a stimulation e-field that is broader and deeper than the one induced by the figure-8 coil. In this paper we review theoretical and clinical implications of these differences between the two coils and compare evidence of their safety and efficacy in treating MDD. We present the design principles of the coils, the challenges of identifying, finding, and stimulating the optimal brain target of each individual (both from functional and connectivity perspectives), and the possible implication of stimulating outside that target. There is only one study that performed a direct comparison between clinical effectiveness of the two coils, using the standard FDA-approved protocols in MDD patients. This study indicated clinical superiority of the H1 coil but did not measure long-term effects. Post-marketing data suggest that both coils have a similar safety profile in clinical practice, whereas effect size comparisons of the two respective FDA pivotal trials suggests that the H1 coil may have an advantage in efficacy. We conclude that further head-to-head experiments are needed, especially ones that will compare long-term effects and usage of similar temporal stimulation parameters and similar number of pulses.
- Published
- 2018
34. EEG features following single pulses of deep TMS as biomarkers for treatment outcome in major depressive disorder
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Yiftach Roth, Aron Tendler, Abraham Zangen, Roie Cohen, and Gaby S. Pell
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medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,Treatment outcome ,Biophysics ,Electroencephalography ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,medicine ,Major depressive disorder ,Neurology (clinical) ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,business ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry - Published
- 2018
35. Efficacy and safety of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation for major depression: a prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial
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Hisham M. Hafez, Pinhas N. Dannon, Ahava Stein, Aron Tendler, Eric Hollander, Uzi Sofer, Moshe Isserles, Thomas E. Schlaepfer, Zafiris J. Daskalakis, Yiftach Roth, Abraham Zangen, Frederic Deutsch, Jaron Winston, Irving M. Reti, Guohua Xia, Sarah H. Lisanby, Lisa Deutsch, Oscar G. Morales, Alexander Bystritsky, Yechiel Levkovitz, Joshua A. Berman, Mustafa M. Husain, Frank Padberg, Shmulik Adler, and Mark S. George
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Research Reports ,Stimulation ,medicine.disease ,law.invention ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Rating scale ,medicine ,Major depressive disorder ,Antidepressant ,Pshychiatric Mental Health ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Psychiatry ,Prefrontal cortex ,business ,Depression (differential diagnoses) - Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent and disabling condition, and many patients do not respond to available treatments. Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) is a new technology allowing non-surgical stimulation of relatively deep brain areas. This is the first double-blind randomized controlled multicenter study evaluating the efficacy and safety of dTMS in MDD. We recruited 212 MDD outpatients, aged 22–68 years, who had either failed one to four antidepressant trials or not tolerated at least two antidepressant treatments during the current episode. They were randomly assigned to monotherapy with active or sham dTMS. Twenty sessions of dTMS (18 Hz over the prefrontal cortex) were applied during 4 weeks acutely, and then biweekly for 12 weeks. Primary and secondary efficacy endpoints were the change in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-21) score and response/remission rates at week 5, respectively. dTMS induced a 6.39 point improvement in HDRS-21 scores, while a 3.28 point improvement was observed in the sham group (p+0.008), resulting in a 0.76 effect size. Response and remission rates were higher in the dTMS than in the sham group (response: 38.4 vs. 21.4%, p+0.013; remission: 32.6 vs. 14.6%, p+0.005). These differences between active and sham treatment were stable during the 12-week maintenance phase. dTMS was associated with few and minor side effects apart from one seizure in a patient where a protocol violation occurred. These results suggest that dTMS constitutes a novel intervention in MDD, which is efficacious and safe in patients not responding to antidepressant medications, and whose effect remains stable over 3 months of maintenance treatment.
- Published
- 2015
36. Smoking Cessation Induced by Deep Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Prefrontal and Insular Cortices: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial
- Author
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Aviad A. Hadar, Pinhas N. Dannon, Yiftach Roth, Moshe Kotler, Abraham Zangen, Limor Dinur-Klein, and Oded Rosenberg
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Population ,Biophysics ,Prefrontal Cortex ,Craving ,Nicotine ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Double-Blind Method ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Cotinine ,education ,Biological Psychiatry ,Cerebral Cortex ,Analysis of Variance ,education.field_of_study ,Smoking ,Middle Aged ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,chemistry ,Creatinine ,Anesthesia ,Smoking cessation ,Female ,Smoking Cessation ,Self Report ,Cues ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Insula ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in developed countries. Our previous studies in animal models and humans suggest that repeated activation of cue-induced craving networks followed by electromagnetic stimulation of the dorsal prefrontal cortex (PFC) can cause lasting reductions in drug craving and consumption. We hypothesized that disruption of these circuitries by deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the PFC and insula bilaterally can induce smoking cessation. Methods Adults ( N = 115) who smoke at least 20 cigarettes/day and failed previous treatments were recruited from the general population. Participants were randomized to receive 13 daily sessions of high-frequency, low-frequency or sham stimulation following, or without, presentation of smoking cues. Deep TMS was administered using an H-coil version targeting the lateral PFC and insula bilaterally. Cigarette consumption was evaluated during the treatment by measuring cotinine levels in urine samples and recording participants' self-reports as a primary outcome variable. Dependence and craving were assessed using standardized questionnaires. Results High (but not low) frequency deep TMS treatment significantly reduced cigarette consumption and nicotine dependence. The combination of this treatment with exposure to smoking cues enhanced reduction in cigarette consumption leading to an abstinence rate of 44% at the end of the treatment and an estimated 33% 6 months following the treatment. Conclusions This study further implicates the lateral PFC and insula in nicotine addiction and suggests the use of deep high-frequency TMS of these regions following presentation of smoking cues as a promising treatment strategy.
- Published
- 2014
37. How to Use the H1 Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Coil for Conditions Other than Depression
- Author
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Abraham Zangen, Yiftach Roth, Aron Tendler, and Noam Barnea-Ygael
- Subjects
Bipolar Disorder ,Hallucinations ,Parkinson's ,General Chemical Engineering ,Stimulation ,Anxiety ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,Tinnitus ,0302 clinical medicine ,rTMS ,Medicine ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Prefrontal cortex ,Depression ,General Neuroscience ,Motor Cortex ,Parkinson Disease ,PTSD ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,Alcohol Addiction ,Alcoholism ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,H1 ,medicine.symptom ,Negative Symptoms ,Motor cortex ,Alcohol Dependence ,MS Fatigue ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Multiple Sclerosis ,Migraine Disorders ,Temporoparietal junction ,Prefrontal Cortex ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,mental disorders ,Bipolar Depression ,Humans ,Issue 119 ,Psychiatry ,Migraine ,dTMS ,Behavior ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,030227 psychiatry ,Electromagnetic coil ,TMS ,Schizophrenia ,business ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) is a relatively new technique that uses different coils for the treatment of different neuropathologies. The coils are made of soft copper windings in multiple planes that lie adjacent to the skull. They are located within a special helmet so that their magnetic fields combine and improve depth penetration. The H1 dTMS coil is designed to stimulate bilateral prefrontal cortices with greater effective stimulation over the left than the right. By positioning the left side of the coil close to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), the H1 coil was used in a multisite study, leading to FDA approval for treatment-resistant depression. In this same position, the H1 coil was also explored as a possible treatment for negative symptoms of schizophrenia, bipolar depression, and migraine. When moved to different positions over the subject's skull, the H1 coil was also explored as a possible treatment for other conditions. Such manipulation of the H1 coil was demonstrated for PTSD and alcohol dependence by positioning it over the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), for anxiety by positioning it over the right prefrontal cortex (rPFC), for auditory hallucinations and tinnitus by positioning it over the temporoparietal junction (TPJ), and for Parkinson's and fatigue from multiple sclerosis (MS) by positioning it over the motor cortex (MC) and PFC. Corresponding electrical field diagrams measured with an oscilloscope through a saline-filled head are included.
- Published
- 2017
38. Motor cortex activation by H-coil and figure-8 coil at different depths. Combined motor threshold and electric field distribution study
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Andrei V. Chistyakov, Abraham Zangen, Gaby S. Pell, Menashe Zaaroor, Alon Sinai, and Yiftach Roth
- Subjects
Physics ,Motor threshold ,Field (physics) ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Anatomy ,Sensory Systems ,Intensity (physics) ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Neurology ,Electromagnetic coil ,Physiology (medical) ,Head model ,Electric field ,medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,Biomedical engineering ,Motor cortex - Abstract
Objective To compare the ability of an H-coil and figure-8 coil to stimulate different motor cortex regions. Methods The resting (rMT) and active (aMT) motor thresholds were measured for the right hand APB and leg AHB muscles in 10 subjects, using an H-coil and a figure-8 coil. The electric field distribution induced by the coils was measured in a head model. The combination of the hand and leg MTs with the field measurements was used to determine the depth of hand and leg motor areas via the intersection points. Results The rMT and aMT of both APB and AHB were significantly lower for the H-coil. The ratio and difference between the leg and hand rMT and aMT were significantly lower for the H-Coil. Electric field measurements revealed significantly more favorable depth profile and larger volume of stimulation for the H-coil. The averaged intersection for the APB was at a distance from coil of 1.83 ± 0.54 cm and at an intensity of 97.8 ± 21.4 V/m, while for the AHB it was at a distance of 2.73 ± 0.44 cm and at an intensity of 118.6 ± 21.3 V/m. Conclusion The results suggest a more efficient activation of deeper motor cortical regions using the H-coil. Significance The combined evaluation of MTs by H- and figure-8 coils allows measurement of the individual depth of different motor cortex regions. This could be helpful for optimizing stimulation parameters for TMS treatment.
- Published
- 2014
39. O14. Deep TMS of the Medial Prefrontal and Anterior Cingulate Cortices for OCD: A Double-Blinded Multi-Center Study
- Author
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Yiftach Roth, Abraham Zangen, Lior Carmi, Joseph Zohar, and Aron Tendler
- Subjects
business.industry ,Double blinded ,05 social sciences ,050105 experimental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Multi center study ,Medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,business ,Nuclear medicine ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Biological Psychiatry - Published
- 2018
40. 111 A Novel Dual-Channel Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulator for Major Depressive Disorder
- Author
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Daniel Antler, Aron Tendler, Eiran Vadim Harel, Abraham Zangen, Ezekiel Ais, Dana Katz, Yiftach Roth, Dikla Shmuel, Anna Schvartz, Elina Pushkarski, and Yechiel Levkovitz
- Subjects
business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Outcome measures ,Controlled studies ,medicine.disease ,050105 experimental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,0302 clinical medicine ,Rating scale ,Anesthesia ,medicine ,Major depressive disorder ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,In patient ,Neurology (clinical) ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Prefrontal cortex ,business ,Treatment resistant ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
BackgroundRepetitive deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) is efficacious for treatment resistant major depressive disorder (TRD) with the H1 coil by stimulating the prefrontal cortex, left more than right, at high frequency. Theoretically, the efficacy of dTMS could be optimized by simultaneously stimulating the right and left lateral prefrontal cortices (PFC) with different frequencies. This study tested the efficacy of a novel dual-channel dTMS stimulator with dual dTMS coils, in patients with TRD.MethodsThis study recruited forty-seven outpatients diagnosed with TRD, age 18-65, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-21) score ≥25. Each patient received 20 open label treatment sessions, five days a week for 4 consecutive weeks. Treatments were administered with the dual-channel stimulator (Brainsway Multiway dTMS device) using two channels: a. 10 Hz over the left PFC. b. 1 Hz over the right PFC. Primary and secondary efficacy outcome measures were the change in HDRS-21 score and response/remission rates at week 5, respectively.ResultsThe HDRS-21 score decreased from an average of 25.94 to 14.69 (PDiscussionThis open study shows promising results for multichannel simultaneous dTMS treatment of TRD using the Brainsway Multiway Device. Further randomized controlled studies are necessary to aid the high number of patients with TRD.Funding AcknowledgementsBrainsway Ltd.
- Published
- 2018
41. Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) - beyond depression
- Author
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Noam Barnea Ygael, Aron Tendler, Abraham Zangen, and Yiftach Roth
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Neurology ,business.industry ,Depression ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Biomedical Engineering ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,Neuromodulation (medicine) ,030227 psychiatry ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Surgery ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,business ,Psychiatry ,Treatment-resistant depression ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Depression (differential diagnoses) - Abstract
Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) utilizes different H-coils to study and treat a variety of psychiatric and neurological conditions with identifiable brain targets. The availability of this technology is dramatically changing the practice of psychiatry and neurology as it provides a safe and effective way to treat even drug-resistant patients. However, up until now, no effort was made to summarize the different types of H-coils that are available, and the conditions for which they were tested. Areas covered: Here we assembled all peer reviewed publication that used one of the H-coils, together with illustrations of the effective field they generate within the brain. Currently, the technology has FDA clearance for depression and European clearance for additional disorders, and multi-center trials are exploring its safety and effectiveness for OCD, PTSD, bipolar depression and nicotine addiction. Expert commentary: Taken together with positive results in smaller scale experiments, dTMS coils represent a non-invasive way to manipulate pathological activity in different brain structures and circuits. Advances in stimulation and imaging methods can now lead to efficacious and logical treatments. This should reduce the stigma associated with mental disorders, and improve access to psychiatric treatment.
- Published
- 2016
42. Electric field estimation of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation clinically used for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders in anatomical head models
- Author
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Marta Parazzini, Emma Chiaramello, Yiftach Roth, Abraham Zangen, Paolo Ravazzani, and Serena Fiocchi
- Subjects
computational modeling ,Adult ,Male ,Models, Anatomic ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Electricity ,Electric field ,medicine ,high-resolution head modeling ,Humans ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Prefrontal cortex ,business.industry ,Mental Disorders ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,030227 psychiatry ,Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Frontal lobe ,Electromagnetic coil ,Scalp ,Deep trascranial magnetic stimulation ,business ,Head ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Biomedical engineering ,Neuropsychiatric disorders - Abstract
Literature studies showed the ability to treat neuropsychiatric disorders using H1 coil, developed for the deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (dTMS). Despite the positive results of the clinical studies, the electric field (E) distributions inside the brain induced by this coil when it is positioned on the scalp according to the clinical studies themselves are not yet precisely estimated. This study aims to character- ize the E distributions due to the H1 coil in the brain of two realistic human models by computational electromagnetic techniques and to compare them with the ones due to the figure-of-8 coil, traditionally used in TMS and positioned as such to simulate the clinical experiments. Despite inter-individual differences, our results show that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is the region preferentially stimulated by both H1 and figure-of-8 coil when they are placed in the position on the scalp according to the clinical studies, with a more broad and non-focal distribution in the case of H1 coil. Moreover, the H1 coil spreads more than the figure-of-8 coil both in the prefrontal cortex and medial prefrontal cortex and towards some deeper brain structures and it is characterized by a higher penetration depth in the frontal lobe. This work highlights the importance of the knowledge of the electric field distribution in the brain tissues to interpret the outcomes of the experimental studies and to optimize the treatments.
- Published
- 2016
43. Transcranial magnetic stimulation
- Author
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Abraham Zangen, Gaby S. Pell, and Yiftach Roth
- Subjects
Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine ,business ,Neuroscience - Published
- 2016
44. H-coil repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of bipolar depression: an add-on, safety and feasibility study
- Author
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Yechiel Levkovitz, Irving M. Reti, Abraham Zangen, Yiftach Roth, Eiran Vadim Harel, and Yoram Braw
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bipolar Disorder ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Pilot Projects ,Psychotropic medication ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Cognition ,Primary outcome ,Rating scale ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Psychiatry ,Biological Psychiatry ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,Response rate (survey) ,Psychotropic Drugs ,Middle Aged ,Combined Modality Therapy ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Affect ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Treatment Outcome ,Anesthesia ,Feasibility Studies ,Female ,Remission rate ,Psychology - Abstract
The H1-Coil is a novel transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) device capable of inducing a magnetic field with a deeper and wider distribution than standard coils. This pilot study evaluated the safety and feasibility of the H1-Coil as adjuvant treatment for bipolar depression (BPD).Nineteen patients diagnosed as having BPD and under treatment with psychotropic medication were enrolled in the study. They received daily prefrontal repetitive TMS (rTMS: 20 Hz, 2 s on, 20 s off, totaling 1680 stimuli) every weekday for four consecutive weeks. The primary outcome measure was the change from baseline in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-24) score a week after the last treatment session.A significant mean decrease of 12.9 points in the HDRS-24 scale (P0.001) was found. Response rate was 63.2% and remission rate was 52.6%. Treatment was well tolerated in terms of headache and overall discomfort, and there were no significant change in cognitive functioning or mood switches. One patient had a short induced generalized seizure without complications.An add-on H-coil rTMS treatment protocol in BPD subjects indicated improvement in bipolar depression symptoms. Sham-control studies to further determine the efficacy and safety of the H-Coil for BPD are warranted.
- Published
- 2010
45. Motor evoked potential latency, motor threshold and electric field measurements as indices of transcranial magnetic stimulation depth
- Author
-
Abraham Zangen, Yiftach Roth, and Gaby S. Pell
- Subjects
Physics ,Motor threshold ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Neurology ,Physiology (medical) ,Electric field ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,Latency (engineering) ,Evoked potential ,Neuroscience ,Sensory Systems - Published
- 2010
46. High permeability cores to optimize the stimulation of deeply located brain regions using transcranial magnetic stimulation
- Author
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Ricardo Salvador, Yiftach Roth, Abraham Zangen, and Pedro C. Miranda
- Subjects
Quality Control ,Materials science ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Transducers ,Stimulation ,Models, Biological ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Magnetics ,Nuclear magnetic resonance ,Electric field ,Electric Impedance ,medicine ,Humans ,Computer Simulation ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Brain ,Reproducibility of Results ,Equipment Design ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,Finite element method ,Computational physics ,Equipment Failure Analysis ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Inductance ,Transducer ,Permeability (electromagnetism) ,Electromagnetic coil ,Therapy, Computer-Assisted ,Computer-Aided Design ,Head - Abstract
Efficient stimulation of deeply located brain regions with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) poses many challenges, arising from the fact that the induced field decays rapidly and becomes less focal with depth. We propose a new method to improve the efficiency of TMS of deep brain regions that combines high permeability cores, to increase focality and field intensity, with a coil specifically designed to induce a field that decays slowly with increasing depth. The performance of the proposed design was investigated using the finite element method to determine the total electric field induced by this coil/core arrangement on a realistically shaped homogeneous head model. The calculations show that the inclusion of the cores increases the field's magnitude by as much as 25% while also decreasing the field's decay with depth along specific directions. The focality, as measured by the area where the field's norm is greater than 1/sq.rt.2 of its maximum value, is also improved by as much as 15% with some core arrangements. The coil's inductance is not significantly increased by the cores. These results show that the presence of the cores might make this specially designed coil even more suited for the effective stimulation of deep brain regions.
- Published
- 2009
47. Convection-enhanced delivery of maghemite nanoparticles: Increased efficacy and MRI monitoring
- Author
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Zvi Ram, Aharon Ocherashvilli, Yael Mardor, Shlomo Margel, Dianne Daniels, Yiftach Roth, and Benny Perlstein
- Subjects
Male ,Drug ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Polyethylene glycol ,Convection ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Drug Delivery Systems ,PEG ratio ,medicine ,Animals ,Distribution (pharmacology) ,Tissue Distribution ,Radionuclide Imaging ,media_common ,Infusions, Intralesional ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,fungi ,Brain ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Rats ,Surgery ,Dextran ,Oncology ,chemistry ,Targeted drug delivery ,Basic and Translational Investigations ,Drug delivery ,Neurology (clinical) ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
Convection-enhanced drug delivery (CED) is a novel approach to delivering drugs into brain tissue. Drugs are delivered continuously via a catheter, enabling large volume distributions of high drug concentrations with minimum systemic toxicity. Previously we demonstrated that CED formation/extent of small molecules may be significantly improved by increasing infusate viscosities. In this study we show that the same methodology can be applied to monodispersed maghemite nanoparticles (MNPs). For this purpose we used a normal rat brain model and performed CED of MNPs over short infusion times. By adding 3% sucrose or 3%–6% polyethylene glycol (PEG; molecular weight 400) to saline containing pristine MNPs, we increased infusate viscosity and obtained increased CED efficacy. Further, we show that CED of dextran-coated MNPs (dextran-MNPs) resulted in increased efficacy over pristine MNPs (p < 0.007). To establish the use of MRI for reliable depiction of MNP distribution, CED of fluorescent dextran-MNPs was performed, demonstrating a significant correlation between the distributions as depicted by MRI and spectroscopic images (r2 = 0.74, p < 0.0002). MRI follow-up showed that approximately 80%–90% of the dextran-MNPs were cleared from the rat brain within 40 days of CED; the rest remained in the brain for more than 4 months. MNPs have been tested for applications such as targeted drug delivery and controlled drug release and are clinically used as a contrast agent for MRI. Thus, combining the CED method with the advantages of MNPs may provide a powerful tool to treat and monitor brain tumors.
- Published
- 2008
48. A randomized controlled feasibility and safety study of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation
- Author
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Abraham Zangen, Yechiel Levkovitz, Yiftach Roth, Eiran Vadim Harel, Aharon Sheer, and Yoram Braw
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Stimulation ,Neurological disorder ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Clinical neurophysiology ,Spatial memory ,law.invention ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Physiology (medical) ,Neural Pathways ,medicine ,Humans ,Affective Symptoms ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Evoked Potentials ,Memory Disorders ,Equipment Safety ,Mood Disorders ,Working memory ,Brain ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,Sensory Systems ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Neurology ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Cognition Disorders ,Psychology ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Objective: The H-coils are a new development in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) research, allowing direct stimulation of deeper neuronal pathways than does standard TMS. This study assessed possible health risks, and some cognitive and emotional effects, of two H-coil versions designed to stimulate deep portions of the prefrontal cortex, using several stimulation frequencies. Methods: Healthy volunteers (n = 32) were randomly assigned to one of four groups: each of two H-coil designs (H1/H2), standard figure-8 coil, and sham-coil control. Subjects were tested in a pre–post design, during three increasing (single pulses, 10 Hz, and 20 Hz) stimulation sessions, as well as 24–36 h after the last stimulation. Results: The major finding of the present study is that stimulation with the novel H-coils was well tolerated, with no adverse physical or neurological outcomes. Computerized cognitive tests found no deterioration in cognitive functions, except for a transient short-term effect of the H1-coil on spatial recognition memory on the first day of rTMS (but not in the following treatment days). On the other hand, spatial working memory was transiently improved by the H2-coil treatment. Finally, the questionnaires showed no significant emotional or mood alterations, except for reports on ‘detachment’ experienced by subjects treated with the H1-coil. Conclusions: This study provides additional evidence for the feasibility and safety of the two H-coil designs (H1/H2). Significance: The H-coils offer a safe new tool with potential for both research and clinical applications for psychiatric and neurological disorders associated with dysfunctions of deep brain regions. � 2007 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2007
49. Three-Dimensional Distribution of the Electric Field Induced in the Brain by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Using Figure-8 and Deep H-Coils
- Author
-
Yiftach Roth, Abraham Zangen, Alon Amir, and Yechiel Levkovitz
- Subjects
Electromagnetic field ,Materials science ,Physiology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Transducers ,Stimulation ,Radiation Dosage ,Models, Biological ,Simultaneous stimulation ,Magnetics ,Electromagnetic Fields ,Physiology (medical) ,Electric field ,medicine ,Humans ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Radiometry ,Transcranial alternating current stimulation ,Brain ,Equipment Design ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,Equipment Failure Analysis ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Neurology ,Electromagnetic coil ,Neurology (clinical) ,Relative Biological Effectiveness ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
The H-coils are a novel development in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), designed to achieve effective stimulation of deep neuronal regions without inducing unbearable fields cortically, thus broadly expanding the potential feasibility of TMS for research and for treating various neurologic disorders. This study compared the field distribution of two H-coil versions, termed H1 and H2, and of a standard figure-of-eight coil. Three-dimensional electrical field distributions of the H1 and H2-coils, designed for effective stimulation of prefrontal regions, and of a standard figure-8 coil, were measured in a head model filled with physiologic saline solution. With stimulator output at 120% of the hand motor threshold, suprathreshold field is induced by the H1-coil at lateral and medial frontal regions at depths of up to 4 to 5 cm, and by the H2-coil at medial prefrontal regions up to 2 to 3 cm, and at lateral frontal regions up to 5 to 6 cm. The figure-8 coil induced suprathreshold field focally under the coil's central segment, at depths of up to 1.5 cm. The ability of the H-coils to stimulate effectively deeper neuronal structures is obtained at the cost of a wider electrical field distribution in the brain. However, the H-coils enable simultaneous stimulation of several brain regions, whereas the depth penetration in each region can be controlled either by adjusting the stimulator output, and/or by varying the distance between various coil elements and the skull.
- Published
- 2007
50. Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders in elderly people: Electric field assessment
- Author
-
Paolo Ravazzani, Serena Fiocchi, Marta Parazzini, Abraham Zangen, Yiftach Roth, and Ilaria Liorni
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Hesed coils ,TMS coils ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Elderly people ,Stimulation ,Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation ,business - Abstract
In the last years, deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) has become the main tool for the treatment of several neuropsychiatric disorders that involve deep brain regions. These pathologies include for example unipolar and bipolar disorders [1], major depressive disorders [2][3], post stroke [4] and vascular [5] depression, memory dysfunctions [6], diabetic neuropathy [7], Parkinson disease [8]. The physical principle that allows the therapeutic use of this technique is based on the induction of an electric field (E), through the coils placed close to the scalp, which safely modulate the activity of the cerebral structure of interest. Depending on the parameter of stimulation, that field can modify the excitability of the brain target. The effectiveness of this stimulation technique is univocally linked to the coil configurations, which should enable the activation of deep targets. This is even more critical for the pathologies listed above, which usually disturb elderly people. That is because they could be affected by the presence of prefrontal atrophy, which implies an increase of the distance between scalp and cortex, making even more difficult to reach deeper structures. Lately, great efforts have been carried on to develop specific coils, such as the family of the so called Hesed (H) coils, that are based on certain design principles and have larger dimension compared to conventional coils, to the specific purpose of improving the penetration depth of the stimulation. Despite clinical studies have attained positive outcomes of dTMS, the mechanism lying below them is not yet completely clear. In order to clarify this issue, the knowledge of the detailed E distribution induced inside cerebral tissues is the main and first step to be performed.
- Published
- 2015
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