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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an overlooked cause of morbidity, which was shown to accelerate inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal cell loss and is associated with spatial learning and memory impairments and some psychiatric disturbances in older adults. However, there is no effective treatment in order to offer a favorable outcome encompassing a good recovery after TBI in older adults. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the histological and neurobehavioral effects of Allopurinol (ALL) in older rats that received repeated TBI (rTBI). For this purpose, a weight-drop rTBI model was used on old male Wistar rats. Rats received 5 repeated TBI/sham injuries 24 h apart and were treated with saline or Allopurinol 100 mg/kg, i.p. each time. They were randomly assigned to three groups: control group (no injury); rTBI group (received 5 rTBI and treated with saline); rTBI+ALL group (received 5 rTBI and treated with Allopurinol). Then, half of the animals from each group were sacrificed on day 6 and the remaining animals were assessed with Open field, Elevated plus maze and Morris Water Maze test. Basic neurological tasks were evaluated with neurological assessment protocol every other day until after the 19th day from the last injury. Brain sections were processed for neuronal cell count in the hip-pocampus (CA1), dentate gyrus (DG), and prefrontal cortex (PC). Also, an immunohistochemical assay was performed to determine NeuN, iNOS, and TNF alpha levels in the brain regions. The number of neurons was markedly reduced in CA1, GD, and PC in rats receiving saline compared to those receiving allopurinol treatment. Immunohistochemical analysis showed marked induction of iNOS and TNF alpha expression in the brain tissues which were reduced after allopurinol at 6 and 19 days post-injury. Also, ALL-treated rats demonstrated a remarkable induce in NeuN expression, indicating a reduction in rTBI-induced neuronal cell death. In neurobehavioral an-alyses, time spent in closed arms, in the corner of the open field, swimming latency, and distance were impaired in injured rats; however, all of them were significantly improved by allopurinol therapy. To sum up, this study demonstrated that ALL may mitigate rTBI-induced damage in aged rats, which suggests ALL as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of recurrent TBI.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the numbers, directions, localizations, diameters, morphometric values of the nutrient foramina (NF) in humerus of domestic mammals and to reveal the differences between the right and left humerus in animal species. Materials and methods: In the study, a total of 223 humerus, large ruminants (56), small ruminants (60), equidae (29), sus (24), carnivora-dog (42), and carnivora-cat (12), were examined in Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Van YYU. The numbers, shapes, directions, localization sites and localized surfaces of the NF’s were observed with the naked eye, and recorded. The locations of the NF’s were confirmed by calculating the Foraminal Index (FI). The diameters of the NF’s were measured using 1,2 mm (18 Gauge:G), 0,9 mm (20 G), 0,7 mm (22 G), 0,55 mm (24 G), and 0,1 mm (34 G) needles. In animal species, morphometric measurements were taken such as total length of the humerus (TLH), distance between the NF with the proximal end of the humerus (NFP), distance between the NF with the distal end of the humerus (NFD), FI and performed statistical analysis of the measured values. Results: There was found a single NF in 99% of the examined humerus in the study. In general, it was seen that the NF’s were directed downwards, and located in the middle 1/3 with lower 1/3 segments. NF’s were determined to be localized to the facies caudalis in 100% of sus, in 93% of large ruminants and carnivora-dogs, and in 85% of small ruminants; however, in equidae and carnivora-cats were all localized to the margo medialis. According to the statistics, no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) was observed between the right and left humerus NF measurement values in terms of morphometric properties. But only, the diameter of the NF in the small ruminants was statistically significant (p

This study was carried out to obtain the three-dimensional reconstruction by computed tomography, the anatomical structures, the morphometric and volumetric measurement values of the clavicle and scapula which are the bones forming the forelimb skeleton in adults Van cats, which have an important position among the world's cat breeds and to show the differences between these indicators in both genders. A total of sixteen adult Van cats, 8 male and 8 female, were used in the study. According to morphometric analyses, statistically significant differences (p, Bu çalışma dünya kedi ırkları arasında önemli bir konuma sahip olan Van kedilerinin ön bacak iskeletini oluşturan kemiklerden olan clavicula ve scapula’nın bilgisayarlı tomografi ile üç boyutlu rekonstrüksiyonunu yapmak, anatomik yapılarını, morfometrik ve volümetrik ölçüm değerlerini elde etmek ve bu değerlerin cinsiyetler arasındaki farklılıklarını ortaya koymak amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışmada 8 erkek, 8 dişi olmak üzere toplam 16 adet erişkin Van kedisi kullanıldı. Morfometrik analiz sonuçlarına bakıldığında ön bacak kemiklerindeki clavicula ve scapula’nın ölçüm değerlerinde cinsiyetler açısından istatistiksel farklılıklar olduğu gözlendi (p

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of bemiparin on neointimal hyperplasia and endothelial cell proliferation in a rabbit carotid artery model.

The multi-nucleon exchange mechanism in ${}^{58} \text{Ni}+{}^{60} \text{Ni}$ and ${}^{60} \text{Ni}+{}^{60}\text{Ni}$ collisions is analyzed in the framework of the stochastic mean-field approach. The results of calculations are compared with the TDRPA calculations and the recent data of ${}^{58} \text{Ni}+{}^{60} \text{Ni}$. A good description of the data and a relatively good agreement with the TDRPA calculations are found., Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures

We theoretically simulate the performance of ultranarrow emitters for the first time to achieve record high coverage for the International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector BT. 2100 (Rec. 2100) and National Television System Committee (NTSC) color gamut. Our results, employing more than 130-m parameter sets, include the investigation into peak emission wavelength and full width at half maximum (FWHM) values for three primaries that show ultranarrow emitters, i.e., nanoplatelets are potentially promising materials to fully cover the Rec. 2100 color gamut. Using ultranarrow emitters having FWHM as low as 6 nm can provide the ability to attain 99.7% coverage area of the Rec. 2100 color gamut as well as increasing the NTSC triangle to 133.7% with full coverage. The parameter set that provides possibility to fully reach Rec. 2100 also has been shown to match with D65 white light by making use of the correct combination of those three primaries. Furthermore, we investigate the effect of the fourth color component on the CIE 1931 color space without sacrificing the achieved coverage percentages. The investigation into the fourth color component, cyan, is shown for the first time to enhance the Rec. 2100 gamut area to 127.7% with 99.9% coverage. The fourth color component also provides an NTSC coverage ratio of 171.5%. The investigation into the potential of emitters with ultranarrow emission bandwidth holds great promise for future display applications. (C) 2017 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)

Amac: Bu calismada, buyuk arter transpozisyonu olan hastalarda balon atriyal septostominin etkinligi arastirildi ve bu islemi etkileyen olasi faktorler degerlendirildi. Ca­lis­ma­ pla­ni:­ Ocak 2005 Ocak 2012 tarihleri arasinda klinigimizde buyuk arter transpozisyonu tanisi ile girisimsel veya tanisal kateter islemi yapilan dort ayliktan daha kucuk olan toplam 111 hasta (67 erkek, 44 kiz; ort. yas 18.2±20.3 gun; dagilim 1-105 gun) calismaya dahil edildi. Hastalar septostomi yapilan (n=83) ve yapilmayanlar (n=28) olmak uzere iki ana gruba ayrildi. Septostomi grubu ameliyat oncesi ve sonrasi olmak uzere iki alt gruba daha ayrildi. Bul gu lar: Hastalarin islem oncesi anjiyografik aort saturasyon ortalamasi %50.6±16.3 iken, islem sonrasi anjiyografik aort saturasyon ortalamasi %75.0±11.8 idi. Islem sirasinda ortalama saturasyon artisi %24±15.2 idi ve istatistiksel olarak anlamli bulundu (p

Amac: Bu calismada koroner sinusu genis olan hastalarda buyuk torasik venlerin donus anormalliklerini saptayabilmede ekokardiyografinin rolu arastirildi. Ca­lis­ma­pla­ni:­Ocak 2010 Subat 2012 tarihleri arasinda klinigimizde alti hastaya (3 erkek, 3 kiz; ort. yas 4.1; dagilim 3 gun 9 yil) kalici sol superior vena kavanin (SVK) eslik ettigi sag superior vena kava (SVK) yoklugu tanisi konuldu. Sag SVC yoklugu tanisi ekokardiyografi ve anjiyografi ile konuldu. Bul gu lar: Dort hastada sag SVK yoklugu tanisi ekokardiyografi ile teyit edildi. Iki hastada ise, kardiyak kateterizasyon ve anjiyografi ile tani konuldu. Ek kardiyak anomaliler periferik pulmoner darlik, patent duktus arteriyozus, Fallot tetralojisi, atriyal septal defekt, ventrikuler septal defekt ve kesintili aortik ark tip B idi. Bir hasta Trizomi 9p sendromlu iken, digeri diyabetik bir annenin bebegi idi. Uc hasta klinik izleme alindi, diger uc hasta ameliyat edildi. So­nuc:­Ekokardiyografi ile ortaya kondugu uzere, koroner sinusun genis oldugu, koroner sinus akiminin arttigi ve kalici sol SVK’nin goruldugu olgularda sag SVK yoklugunun dikkatli bir sekilde arastirilmasi gerekmektedir. Anah tar soz cuk ler: Sag superior vena kava yoklugu; dogustan kalp hastaligi; diyabetik anne bebegi; kalici sol superior vena kava; Trizomi 9p sendromu. Background:­ This study aims to investigate the role of echocardiography in the detection of venous anomalies of large thoracic veins in patients with large coronary sinus. Methods: Between January 2010 and March 2012, six patients (3 boys, 3 girls; mean age 4.1; range 3 days 9 years) were diagnosed with an absent right superior vena cava (RSVC) accompanied by persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) in our clinic. The diagnosis of the absent RSVC was established by echocardiography and angiography. Results:­Diagnosis of the absent RSVC was confirmed by echocardiography in four patients. The diagnosis was based on cardiac catheterization and angiography in two patients. Additional cardiac anomalies included peripheral pulmonary stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus, tetralogy of Fallot, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect and interrupted aortic arch type B. One patient had Trisomy 9p syndrome, while another one was the baby of a diabetic mother. Three patients were followed clinically, while other three patients were operated. Conclusion:­ Absent RSVC should be thoroughly investigated in cases with a large coronary sinus along with increased coronary sinus flow and PLSVC, as evidenced by echocardiography.

Bu çalışmada ortaokul beşinci sınıf öğrencilerinin çevreye ilişkin algıları ve çözüm önerilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2013-2014 öğretim yılı Burdur İli Yeşilova İlçe merkezindeki iki ve Salda Köyü’ ndeki bir ortaokulda öğrenim görmekte olan 110 beşinci sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada beşinci sınıfın seçilmesinin sebebi İlkokul dördüncü sınıf sosyal bilgiler dersi ikinci döneminde çevre bilincinin kazanılmasına yönelik konulara yer verilmiş olmasıdır. İlgili alan yazında konu ile ilgili olarak yapılmış çalışmalar incelenerek ve çevre konusu üzerinde çalışmış araştırmacılardan görüş alınarak sorunlar tespit edilip yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu oluşturulmuştur. Toplanan verilerin değerlendirmesi nitel betimsel analiz ve içerik analizi ile yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; öğrencilerin büyük bir kısmının çevre sorunu kavramına “kirlilik” anlamını yükledikleri, yaşadıkları çevrede; çevre sorunu olarak en fazla “çöp” unsurunu belirttikleri görülmüştür. Öğrenciler Salda Gölü’ nün kendilerinde en çok “doğal güzelliği” çağrıştırdığını belirtmişlerdir. Öğrencilerin Salda Gölü ile ilgili sorunlar hakkında “atıklar-çöp” gibi kirlilik unsurları üzerinde yoğunlaştıkları ve göl ile ilgili sorunları birincil olarak “belediyenin” çözebileceğine inandıkları tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin çoğunluğu Salda Gölü’ ne karşı kendi sorumluluklarının “kirlenmeyi engelleme” olduğunu belirtmişlerdir., This study aims to determine fifth graders’ opinion of environmentalproblems and their recommended solutions. The research sample includes 110fifth graders in two secondary schools in the district of Yeşilova in Burdurand one secondary school in the village of Salda in 2013-2014 academicsemester. The fifth grade was chosen because social studies in the secondacademic semester of the fourth grade includes topics meant to raise awarenessabout environmental issues.By analyzing the relevant studies in the literature and consultingresearchers studying environmental issues, problems were identified, and asemi-structured interview form was created. Qualitative descriptive analysisand content analysis were done to evaluate the data collected.According to this research, most students attributed the meaning of“pollution” to the concept of environmental problems and indicated “waste” asthe main environmental problem in their neighborhood. Students said that LakeSalda reminded them of “natural beauty.” It was found that students focused ondimensions of pollution such as “waste and garbage” in response to questionsabout Lake Salda, and that they believed problems facing Lack Salda could besolved primarily by the “municipality.” Most students indicated that theirpersonal responsibility for Lake Salda was “preventing pollution.”

Merhum Prof. Dr. Muharrem Çelebi (v. 2005), nahiv öğretiminde kaleme alınan muhtasar veya mukaddime tarzındaki eserlerin, öğretim esaslı metodik birer çalışma olduğunu belirtmiştir. Bu makale, ilgili savın sağlamasını amaçlamaktadır. İlgili sav, bu alanda başucu eserlerden el-Avamilü'l-mi'e örnekliğinde, şarihlerin sistem ve metot bakımından ileri sürdükleri gerekçelerden hareketle gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlgili eserin tercih edilmesi, bir yandan sistematiğinin genel kabul görmesi, diğer yandan da yazarının kendisinden önceki amel bağlamındaki tüm nahiv birikimini kullanması ihtimaline dayanmaktadır. Bu çalışma, ilgili eser özelinde, bir nahiv muhtasarının konuları belirli bir sistemde ele aldığı ve kendisinden sonraki bilgilere de bir öncül olabildiğini somutlaştırmıştır. Söz konusu tespit, halihazırdaki makalenin iddiasının doğruluğunu teyit etmektedir.

Amaç: Mitral kapak prolapsusu (MVP) sık rastlanan bir kalp kapak hastalığıdır. Etyopatogenezinde genetik ve nöroendokrin faktörler yanısıra otoimmünitenin de rol aldığı düşünülmektedir. Çalışmamızda mitral valv prolapsuslu hastalarda otoimmün belirteçlerin taranarak, otoimmünitenin rolü incelenmek istenmiştir.Gereç ve yöntem: Mayıs 2009-Aralık 2009 tarihleri arasında Dr. Sami Ulus Kadın Doğum, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Pediatrik Kardiyoloji bölümünde MVP tanısı ile takip edilen 38 olgu hasta grubu ve 38 sağlıklı olgu kontrol grubu olarak çalışmaya alındı. Hasta ve kontrol grubunda akut faz reaktanları, biyokimyasal testler, serum immunoglobulin düzeyleri, kompleman 3 ve 4, antinükleer antikorlar, antikardiyolipin ve antifosfolipid antikorları, tiroid otoantikorları, romatoid faktör tetkikleri uygulandı. Elektrokardiyografi ( EKG) ve telekardiyografi çekildi, ekokardiyografik inceleme yapıldı.Bulgular: Hasta ve sağlıklı gruplar karşılaştırıldığında otoimmün belirteçler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunamadı (p>0.05). Hasta grubundaki 4 olguda ( 3 parsiyel, 1 selektif), kontrol grubundaki 2 olguda (2 parsiyel ) immünglobulin A (IgA) düzeyi düşük bulundu, ancak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi (p>0,05).Sonuç: Çalışmamızda MVP ve otoimmün belirteçler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir sonuç elde edilemedi. Ancak IgA eksikliğinin hasta grubunda kontrol grubuna göre daha fazla olduğunu gözledik. İstatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmasa da IgA eksikliği saptanan MVP’li çocuk hastaların ileri yaşlarda otoimmünite gelişebilme olasılığı yönünden izlenmesi gerektiği sonucuna varıldı., Aim: Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a common cardiac valvular disease. Besides genetic and neuroendocrine factors, autoimmunity is thought to play a role in its pathogenesis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of autoimmunity in development of MVP through the screening of certain markers related with autoimmunity. Materials and methods: Between May 2009 and December 2009; a total of 38 patients followed with the diagnosis of MVP in the Pediatric Cardiology Department of Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children’s Education and Research Hospital and a control group consisting of 38 healthy children were included in the study. Acute phase reactants, biochemical tests, levels of serum immunoglobulin, complement levels, antinuclear antibodies, antithyroid antibodies, rheumatoid factor, anticardiolipin, and antiphospholipid antibodies were all determined. Electrocardiography, telecardiography, and echocardiography were also performed in all cases. Results: In the comparison of two groups, no statistically significant difference was shown concerning autoimmunity markers (p>0.05). Four children in the patient group (3 with partial and one with selective Ig A deficiency) and 2 children in the control group (2 with partial Ig A deficiency) had low Ig A levels, whereas the difference between two groups were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: In our study, no significant correlation was found between MVP and autoimmune markers. However, we observed that Ig A deficiency is more frequent in the patient group than in the control group. In spite of the statistically non-significant association between MVP and autoimmunity markers, we conclude that children with MVP having Ig A deficiency should be followed up for the development of autoimmune disoredrs in their future life

Objective: Loss of a baby accompanied by complicated grief increases vulnerability to mental disease with adverse consequences both for the mother and the long-term well-being of the subsequent generations. This study presents an animal model and aims to study the reactions of female rats to the loss of their litters and the consequences for the next litter.

This study was conducted at pure Anatolian black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) forests of Alacam Mountains (Balikesir-Kutahya) in order to investigate the lichen species on black pine. 471 trees from 95 sample plots were sampled and a total of 37 epiphytic lichen taxa were recorded on barks. 15 taxa are new records for the province of Balikesir and 19 taxa for the province of Kutahya.

Within the context of this study conducted at Alacam Mountains located between Balikesir Kutahya; we intended to find out the effects of altitude, slope, aspect, stand age, canopy closure and site productivity on pH characteristics of lichen contented in forest floor and the relations between changing pH values. With this aim totally 115 sampling points were sampled from composition of 5 altitude levels, 3 slope levels, 4 main aspects, 3 age classes, 3 closure degrees and 5 site productivity levels. According to achieved results average pH value of 115 sites is 4.68 with 4.39 and 5.52 minimum and maximum ranges. pH values of forest floor lichen according to aspect and altitude differs from each other significantly while stand properties could only cause different but statistically insignificant values. As conclusion stand properties did not affect the pH of forest floor lichen nevertheless aspect and altitude have slight but significant effect.

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate in rats with peritonitis the effect of CO 2 insufflation on behavior of bacteria, including antibiotic resistance, and the systemic and regional host response. Methods Inbred weaned Wistar albino rats were used. Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 was used to induce peritonitis. Rats with peritonitis were allocated to 4 groups: group 1, control; group 2, laparotomy; group 3, laparoscopy; group 4, laparoscopy + laparotomy and were killed at the end of the second hour of peritonitis. Serum, peritoneal fluid, and intraabdominal organs were taken for microbiological (biochemical markers—urease, citrate, indole; virulence factors—biofilm, protease, gelatinase, adherence), systemic immunologic (interleukin 1 [IL-1] α , IL-1 β , tumor necrosis factor α , IL-6), and regional histopathologic evaluations. Isolated strains were tested against minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and sub-MICs of amikacin and amoxicillin. Results Regional inflammatory response was the highest in group 2 but the lowest in group 4. Systemic IL-1 α level was significantly higher in group 2, and TNF- α level was higher in group 3. After the peritonitis process, Escherichia coli began to use citrate and urea in control groups (without antibiotic treatment). In groups 2 and 4, amoxicillin resistance developed. Conclusions In peritonitis, in all experimental groups, Escherichia coli used different metabolic pathways other than in normal atmospheric conditions. Amoxicillin resistance developed in open surgery groups. Further kinetic microbiological and immune response studies are needed concerning the early and late effects of CO 2 insufflation on various strains of bacteria and mixed infections.

Oral candidiasis which is the most common type of Candida infections affecting humans, is most frequently caused by C.albicans. Immune response of the host, as well as a variety of virulence factors of the causative agent, play important roles in the development of Candida infections. The colonization rate of Candida in the oral cavity of healthy individuals, is between 25-30%, however, this rate is reported to be increased in immunosuppressive subjects. In our study, we established an oral candidiasis model with C.albicans in healthy and experimentally immunocompromised mice and aimed to compare Candida colonization rates and histopathological changes occurred in the tongue and esophagus tissues of the animal groups. A total of 21 BALB/c mice were grouped as control (Group 1; n= 7), healthy (Group 2; n= 7) and immunocompromised (Group 3; n= 7) groups. Imunosuppression in mice was performed by subcutaneous injection of prednisolone. For experimental oral candidiasis, cotton swab impregnated with C.albicans strains which did not have acid proteinase and phospholipase enzyme activity, no biofilm production, and sensitive to fluconazole and amphotericin B, were used. In the control group, physiological saline solution was used instead of C.albicans strain. In the forth day of experimental oral candidiasis model swab samples taken from the dorsal tongue surface of mice were evaluated by quantitative cultivation method. No yeast colonies were detected in Group 1 while more significant number of yeast colonies were observed in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p= 0.002). Tongue and esophagus tissues of mice were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid schiff staining and evaluated in terms of inflammatory response, abscess formation, vascular congestion, vasodilation and for the presence of yeast and hyphae. When the inflammation in esophagus was considered, statistically significant difference was determined between group 1 and group 3 (p= 0.023), however, no difference was detected between group 2 and 3 (p= 0.107). The level of inflammation in tongue tissue exhibited no difference between groups 2 and 3 (p= 0.317) while the difference was significant when these groups were compared to the control group (p= 0.00, p= 0.002, respectively). Similarly, the level of congestion in tongue tissue exhibited no difference between groups 2 and 3, however, the difference was significant when compared to the control group. To enlighten the relation between host immune status and oral candidiasis caused by C. albicans, further larger-scale studies also concerning the various virulence factors of the infectious agent, should be conducted by the use of experimental animal models which may successfully guide us in this regard.

Hedera helix is widely used to treat bronchial asthma for many years. However, effects of this herb on lung histopathology is still far from clear. We aimed to determine the effect of oral administration of Hedera helix on lung histopathology in a murine model of chronic asthma. BALB/c mice were divided into four groups; I (Placebo), II (Hedera helix), III (Dexamethasone) and IV (Control). All mice except controls were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin. Then, mice in group I received saline, group II 100 mg/kg Hedera helix and group III 1 mg/kg dexamethasone via orogastic gavage once daily for one week. Airway histopathology was evaluated by using light and electron microscopy in all groups. Goblet cell numbers and thicknesses of basement membrane were found significantly lower in group II, but there was no statistically significant difference in terms of number of mast cells, thicknesses of epithelium and subepithelial smooth muscle layers between group I and II. When Hedera helix and dexamethasone groups were compared with each other, thickness of epithelium, subepithelial muscle layers, number of mast cells and goblet cells of group III were significantly ameliorated when compared with the group II. Although Hedera helix administration reduced only goblet cell counts and the thicknesses of basement membrane in the asthmatic airways, dexamethasone ameliorated all histopathologic parameters except thickness of basement membrane better than Hedera helix.

Objective: We investigated the otoprotective effect of methylprednisolone against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity by comparing the effectiveness of route of administration.

Objective: Asthma has its origins in early-life. Maternal asthma is an important risk factor, the mechanism of this effect is still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathologic changes of the lung in newborn mice born from asthmatic mother. Material and Methods: 28 BALB/c mice were divided into 4 groups; Group I (Astmatic mother mice), Group II (Control mother mice), Group III (Babies from asthmatic mother) and Group TV (Babies from control group). Mice in group I were sensitized with ovalbumin and mice in group II received saline. Mothers and I-day-old baby mice were sacrified and airway histopathology was evaluated by using light and electron microscopy in all groups. Results: In asthmatic mother mice group (Group I), all histopathologic parameters including thickness of the epithelium, basement membrane and subepithelial smooth muscle were significantly higher when compared with the control group (Group II) (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.000 respectively). When Group III and IV were compared with each other, the thickness of the epithelium, basement membrane and subepithelial smooth muscle were significantly higher in babies born from asthmatic mothers (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.000 respectively). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that structural changes of the lung may begin in the prenatal period in babies born from asthmatic mothers. Further studies are needed to clarify the histopathologic changes of the lung in childen of asthmatic mothers, which factors influence these changes and whether these changes are permanent or temporary.

WOS: 000269782800005, PubMed: 19541303, Objective: To evaluate retrospectively the prevalence of cervical cytological abnormalities in patient records obtained from healthcare centers in Turkey. Method: Demographic characteristics and data on cervical cytological abnormalities were evaluated from patients who underwent flap tests in healthcare centers in 2007. Results: Data were collected from 33 healthcare centers totaling 140 334 patients. Overall, the prevalence of cervical cytological abnormalities was 1.8%; the prevalence of ASCUS, ASC-H, LSIL, HSIL, and AGC was 1.07%, 0.07%, 0.3%, 0.17%, and 0.08%, respectively. The prevalence of preinvasive cervical neoplasia was 1.7% and the prevalence of cytologically diagnosed invasive neoplasia was 0.06%. Conclusion: The abnormal cervical cytological prevalence rate in Turkey is lower than in Europe and North America. This might be due to sociocultural differences, lack of population-based screening programs, or a lower HPV prevalence rate in Turkey. (C) 2009 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.