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Flexible solar cells have a lot of market potential for application in photovoltaics integrated into buildings and wearable electronics because they are lightweight, shockproof and self-powered. Silicon solar cells have been successfully used in large power plants. However, despite the efforts made for more than 50 years, there has been no notable progress in the development of flexible silicon solar cells because of their rigidity1–4. Here we provide a strategy for fabricating large-scale, foldable silicon wafers and manufacturing flexible solar cells. A textured crystalline silicon wafer always starts to crack at the sharp channels between surface pyramids in the marginal region of the wafer. This fact enabled us to improve the flexibility of silicon wafers by blunting the pyramidal structure in the marginal regions. This edge-blunting technique enables commercial production of large-scale (>240 cm2), high-efficiency (>24%) silicon solar cells that can be rolled similarly to a sheet of paper. The cells retain 100% of their power conversion efficiency after 1,000 side-to-side bending cycles. After being assembled into large (>10,000 cm2) flexible modules, these cells retain 99.62% of their power after thermal cycling between −70 °C and 85 °C for 120 h. Furthermore, they retain 96.03% of their power after 20 min of exposure to air flow when attached to a soft gasbag, which models wind blowing during a violent storm.

Due to the outbreak of COVID-19 at the beginning of 2020, community group buying is booming again, but at the same time, it will bring new risks. Combining with the characteristics of food quality and community group purchase management, from food procurement, supply, distribution, sales link of food supply chain risk is analyzed, by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method in the food supply chain risk factors, the result shows that in the community group to the importance of the food supply chain risk for commodity procurement risk > External environmental risk > Logistics distribution risk > Information Technology Risk >Mission risk, By analyzing these five risks, preventive measures are provided for food supply chain risk management in community group buying.

Since the global crisis of COVID-19 in early 2020, the global economy has been seriously affected. The consumers prefer to wear masks outside and have less desire to try make-up or buy cosmetic products, leading to a reduction globally in the demand for the aspect of fast-moving consumer goods. L'Oréal Group, a leading player in the makeup industry, quickly adapted its sales strategy to turn a negative situation into a profitable performance, standing out from the crowd of other cosmetic brands. In this paper, based on SWOT and 4P models, it will analyze L’Oréal Group's market strategies in the face of the COVID-19 through its excellent coping ability. According to different directions of analysis, it can find that L'Oréal Group's own huge competitive advantages in company's investment and research & design can enable itself to recover quickly from the enormous impact of the COVID-19 and the ensuing series of negative situations and return to the number one position in the industry. In the end, the summary of this case study will focus on the entire cosmetics industry. The analysis method in this work provides a paradigm to guide the marketing strategy transition of cosmetic industry when facing the public health crisis

The Theory of Doors (Cabré 2003) has been well established in the academia of terminology worldwide. Many follow-up terminology studies draw on the analytical framework of this theory, namely the linguistic, cognitive, and communicative dimensions of a terminological unit. This theory provides a comprehensive approach to the observation of terminology, which helps with the better understanding and description of terminology in real use. With this paradigm, a terminological unit can be investigated from any of the three dimensions, or “three doors”. However, the interrelationships among the three dimensions have not been further elaborated, which may fail to account for the complexity of actual terminology use, in cross-lingual settings particularly. The authors of the present study aim for an extension of the theory to cope with the research on cross-lingual and cross-cultural terminology use by focusing on the concept of “domestic violence” in the English and Chinese languages and cultures. To extend the Theory of Doors, the interrelatedness of the three descriptive dimensions is demonstrated based on a new metaphorical image of “a revolving door”, and more precisely a “three-wing revolving door”.

Molecular microstructure and carrier management were optimized and correlated, and double-channel recombination suppression enabled a record certified efficiency of 19.3% for asymmetric acceptor-based organic photovoltaics.

Structure activity relationship, density functional theory, catalytic oxidation and mechanism have become the frontier in MnO2 environmental catalysis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, and most colorectal cancer is transformed from colorectal adenoma (CRA). Identifying biomarkers for the early prediction of colorectal cancer would be an important finding. Circular RNA (circRNA) plays a key role in the occurrence and development of tumors, and its biological characteristics make it a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of diseases. Therefore, we explored the relationship between circRNA and the malignant transformation from colorectal adenoma to colorectal cancer. We constructed inflammation-based tumorigenesis mouse models and performed high-throughput RNA sequencing to determine the expression profile of circRNAs in tissues at different stages of disease. Subsequent STEM analysis showed that with the development of the disease, 30 circRNAs were significantly downregulated, and 10 circRNAs were significantly upregulated. After qRT-PCR and Fish analysis verification, it was clear that mmu_circ_0008035 and mmu_circ_0000420 were significantly and continuously overexpressed in the development of colorectal cancer in our mouse model. Next, through homology analysis of circRNA in human and mouse and validation of clinical normal tissues, adenoma tissues and CRC tissues, we found biomarkers of has_circ0101338 ahashsa_circ0022426 that could predict the malignant transformation of human colorectal inflammation into CRC and have certain diagnostic value. In conclusion, our results may shed light on the mechanism of progression from precancerous adenoma to cancer and provide biomarkers that may be used in the early diagnosis of CRC.

As cervical cancer screening shifts from cytology to human papillomavirus (HPV) testing, a major issue involves validating more HPV tests. In recent years, some HPV tests are used for clinical performance verification in China. The purpose of this study was to explore whether the BD Onclarity (Becton, Dickinson and Company)HPV assay differs from the Roche cobas (Roche Molecular Systems)HPV assay, as determined using 944 cervical samples, including 588 with sequencing results. In the nucleic acid assay accuracy verification, the assays showed excellent concordance for detection of HPV16 (κ = 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.89-0.97) and HPV18 (κ = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.83-0.97), and very good concordance for the 12 other high-risk types (HPV31/33/35/39/45/51/52/56/58/59/66/68, κ = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.75-0.83). The overall agreement for HPV DNA detection between Onclarity and cobas was very good (κ = 0.7755). No difference for ≥CIN2 sensitivity was observed between Onclarity and cobas (both 96.5%), whereas the ≥CIN2 specificity for detection of Onclarity (16.6%, 95% CI: 13.7-19.9) was higher than that of cobas (11.5%, 95% CI: 9.1-14.5). Onclarity exhibited comparable screening performance and triage efficiency compared to cobas in the detection of cervical disease in Chinese women.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Combination treatments may prolong the survival of patients with GC. Acacetin, which is a flavonoid, exerts potent inhibitory effects on several types of cancer cells; however, the mechanisms of action remain poorly understood.Methods: Network pharmacology and RNA sequencing were used to predict the targets of acacetin, which were then verified by drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS), cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and molecular docking. The biological functions of acacetin in MKN45 and MGC803 cells were investigated using TUNEL assays, crystal staining and colony formation assays. The pathways affected by acacetin were verified through reverse experiments. The in vivo antitumor efficacy of acacetin was assessed in a subcutaneous xenotransplanted tumor model.Results: In this study, we identified EGFR from more than a dozen predicted targets as a protein that directly binds to acacetin. Moreover, acacetin affected the level of phosphorylated EGFR. In vitro, acacetin promoted the apoptosis of GC cells. Importantly, EGFR agonists reversed the inhibitory effects of acacetin on the STAT3 and ERK pathways. In vivo, acacetin decreased the protein levels of pEGFR in tumors, resulting in increased GC xenograft tumor regression without obvious toxicity.Conclusion: Our findings highlight EGFR as one of the direct targets of acacetin in GC cells. Acacetin inhibited the phosphatase activity of EGFR in vitro and in vivo, which played a role in the antitumor effects of acacetin. These studies provide new evidence for the use of acacetin as a potential reagent for the treatment of GC.

Supplementary Table 3 from Genetic and Structural Variation in the Gastric Cancer Kinome Revealed through Targeted Deep Sequencing

Supplementary Table 9 from Genetic and Structural Variation in the Gastric Cancer Kinome Revealed through Targeted Deep Sequencing

Supplementary Figure 1 from Genetic and Structural Variation in the Gastric Cancer Kinome Revealed through Targeted Deep Sequencing

Supplementary Table 8 from Genetic and Structural Variation in the Gastric Cancer Kinome Revealed through Targeted Deep Sequencing

Supplementary Table 5 from Genetic and Structural Variation in the Gastric Cancer Kinome Revealed through Targeted Deep Sequencing

Supplementary Table 4 from Genetic and Structural Variation in the Gastric Cancer Kinome Revealed through Targeted Deep Sequencing

Supplementary Table 11 from Genetic and Structural Variation in the Gastric Cancer Kinome Revealed through Targeted Deep Sequencing

Supplementary Table 2 from Genetic and Structural Variation in the Gastric Cancer Kinome Revealed through Targeted Deep Sequencing

Supplementary Figure 3 from Genetic and Structural Variation in the Gastric Cancer Kinome Revealed through Targeted Deep Sequencing

Supplementary Table 10 from Genetic and Structural Variation in the Gastric Cancer Kinome Revealed through Targeted Deep Sequencing

Supplementary Table 7 from Genetic and Structural Variation in the Gastric Cancer Kinome Revealed through Targeted Deep Sequencing

Supplementary Table 1 from Genetic and Structural Variation in the Gastric Cancer Kinome Revealed through Targeted Deep Sequencing

Supplementary Methods and Materials, Results, Legends for Tables 1-11 and Figures 1-3 from Genetic and Structural Variation in the Gastric Cancer Kinome Revealed through Targeted Deep Sequencing

Supplementary Table 6 from Genetic and Structural Variation in the Gastric Cancer Kinome Revealed through Targeted Deep Sequencing

Supplementary Figure 2 from Genetic and Structural Variation in the Gastric Cancer Kinome Revealed through Targeted Deep Sequencing

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to look into the altered functional connectivity of brain networks in Early-Onset Parkinson’s Disease (EOPD) and Late-Onset Parkinson’s Disease (LOPD), as well as their relationship to clinical symptoms.MethodsA total of 50 patients with Parkinson’ disease (28 EOPD and 22 LOPD) and 49 healthy controls (25 Young Controls and 24 Old Controls) were admitted to our study. Employing independent component analysis, we constructed the brain networks of EOPD and Young Controls, LOPD and Old Controls, respectively, and obtained the functional connectivity alterations in brain networks.ResultsCerebellar network (CN), Sensorimotor Network (SMN), Executive Control Network (ECN), and Default Mode Network (DMN) were selected as networks of interest. Compared with their corresponding health controls, EOPD showed increased functional connectivity within the SMN and ECN and no abnormalities of inter-network functional connectivity were found, LOPD demonstrated increased functional connectivity within the ECN while decreased functional connectivity within the CN. Furthermore, in LOPD, functional connectivity between the SMN and DMN was increased. The functional connectivity of the post-central gyrus within the SMN in EOPD was inversely correlated with the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Part III scores. Age, age of onset, and MMSE scores are significantly different between EOPD and LOPD (p < 0.05).ConclusionThere is abnormal functional connectivity of networks in EOPD and LOPD, which could be the manifestation of the associated pathological damage or compensation.

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer includes a variety of cancers with high incidence that seriously threaten the lives of people worldwide. Although treatment strategies continue to improve, patient benefits are still very limited, and the ongoing search for new treatment strategies remains a priority. Cell senescence is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. For GI cancer, cell senescence may not only promote cancer but also bring new opportunities for treatment. Combined with relevant studies, we review the dual role of cell senescence in GI cancer, including the mechanism of inducing cell senescence, biomarkers of senescent cells, and potential of targeted senescence therapy for GI cancer.

Although different types of powder feedstock are used for additive manufacturing via laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), limited work has attempted to directly compare the microstructure and mechanical behavior of components manufactured from those powder feedstock. This work investigated the microstructure, phase composition, melt pool morphology, and mechanical properties of a prealloyed Ti-35Nb alloy manufactured using L-PBF and compared these to their counterparts produced from elemental powder mixture. The samples manufactured from the powder mixture are composed of randomly distributed undissolved Nb in the α/β matrix, resulting from the unstable melt pool during the melting of the powder mixture. By contrast, parts produced from prealloyed powder display a homogeneous microstructure with β and α″ phases, owing to the full melting of prealloyed powder, therefore, a more stable melt pool to achieve a homogeneous microstructure. The Ti-35Nb manufactured from prealloyed powder exhibits large tensile ductility (about 10 times that of the counterparts using mixed powder), attributed to the high homogeneity in microstructure and chemical composition, strong interface bonding, relatively low oxygen content, and the existence of a large amount of β phase. This work sheds insights into understanding the effect of powder feedstock on the melt pool stability therefore the microstructure and mechanical behavior of the resultant parts.

A novel multifunctional poly(ionic liquid)s with Brønsted–Lewis dibasic sites, well-defined mesoporous channels, and hydrophobicity show excellent catalytic performance with 21.99 wt% yield of lignin-based monocyclic aromatic compounds.

Novel mesoporous poly(ionic liquid)s prepared by template-free method smoothly catalyzed the Pickering emulsion reactions.

With the rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) in recent years, the research on their energy storage systems (ESSs) has also shown great popularity. A traditional ESS normally has a fixed configuration and uses a single type of energy storage unit. However, this traditional design has some limitations, such as low flexibility and high requirements to unit consistency. To solve these problems, a new hybrid energy storage system is proposed in this paper. The proposed ESS hybridises multiple lithium-ion battery modules and one supercapacitor module. By controlling the states of switches inside the ESS topology, module level reconfiguration can be achieved. Further, a DC/DC converter is also included in the ESS topology, which is connected to the supercapacitor module and can be used to ensure correct ESS output voltage. Reconfiguration and active balancing algorithms are also given based on the proposed ESS topology. Situations with and without bypassing the lithium-ion battery modules are both discussed in the algorithms. The proposed hybrid ESS is finally verified with simulations. The system model is built in the Simulink/MATLAB environment. Simulation results show that the lithium-ion modules with a lower state of charge values have higher priorities to be connected in parallel. Reconfiguration actions are able to balance all lithium-ion battery modules within one Worldwide Harmonised Light-Duty Vehicle Test Cycle (WLTC) simulation cycle while maintaining ESS output voltage within a correct range. Furthermore, the proposed hybrid ESS control algorithms remain valid when one lithium-ion battery module is manually bypassed during simulation.

The purpose of this article is to investigate the potential of obtaining an auxiliary dc output from the common-mode switching harmonics of a three-phase inverter without access to the neutral point of the ac load. To achieve this, the control of common-mode (CM) switching harmonics with space vector modulation is proposed. With this control, CM switching harmonics can be regulated independently from the differential mode power flow to the main three-phase load. To physically implement the CM power flow, a harmonic extraction circuit is placed in parallel with the main three-phase load. The extraction circuit is formed by series-connected inductance and capacitance. Due to the LC series resonance and the mutual coupling of the inductance, only common-mode switching harmonics can pass through the extraction circuit. The extracted harmonics are then rectified and delivered to the auxiliary dc output. The control and topology are verified in both simulations and experiments. In the end, it is shown in experiments that there is no significant difference of the inverter efficiency after the auxiliary dc load is connected. This method can be used for instance to drive an ac machine while charging a low voltage battery or powering a compressor simultaneously.