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Sarcopenia is a senile disease with high morbidity, serious complications and limited clinical treatments. Menopause increases the risk of sarcopenia in females, while the exact pathogenesis remains unclear. To systematically investigate the development of hormone-related sarcopenia, we established a model of sarcopenia by ovariectomy and recorded successive characteristic changes. Furthermore, we performed the transcriptome RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis on this model to explore the underlying mechanism. In our study, we identified an integrated model combining obesity, osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Functional enrichment analyses showed that most of the significantly enriched pathways were down-regulated and closely correlated with endocrine and metabolism, muscle dysfunction, cognitive impairment and multiple important signaling pathways. We finally selected eight candidate genes to verify their expression levels. These findings confirmed the importance of estrogen in the maintenance of skeletal muscle function and homeostasis, and provided potential targets for further study on hormone-related sarcopenia.

Critical slowing down (CSD) has been a trademark of critical dynamics for equilibrium phase transitions of a many-body system, where the relaxation time for the system to reach thermal equilibrium or quantum ground state diverges with system size. The time crystal phase transition has attracted much attention in recent years for it provides a scenario of phase transition of quantum dynamics, unlike conventional equilibrium phase transitions. Here, we study critical dynamics near the Floquet time crystal phase transition. Its critical behavior is described by introducing a space-time coarse grained correlation function, whose relaxation time diverges at the critical point revealing the CSD. This is demonstrated by investigating the Floquet dynamics of one-dimensional disordered spin chain. Through finite-size scaling analysis, we show the relaxation time has a universal sub-exponential scaling near the critical point, in sharp contrast to the standard power-law behavior for CSD in equilibrium phase transitions. This prediction can be readily tested in present quantum simulation experiments., Comment: 4+5.5 pages, 3+1 figures

Details of Selfrec-Net and the framework of DSL

Cell senescence is a crucial process in cell fate determination and is involved in an extensive array of aging-associated diseases. General perceptions and experimental evidence point out that the decline of physical function as well as aging-associated diseases are often initiated by cell senescence and organ ageing. Therefore, regulation of cell senescence process can be a promising way to handle aging-associated diseases such as osteoporosis. The circadian clock regulates a wide range of cellular and physiological activities, and many age-linked degenerative disorders are associated with the dysregulation of clock genes. BMAL1 is a core circadian transcription factor and governs downstream genes by binding to the E-box elements in their promoters. Compelling evidence has proposed the role of BMAL1 in cellular senescence and aging-associated diseases. In this review, we summarize the linkage between BMAL1 and factors of cell senescence including oxidative stress, metabolism, and the genotoxic stress response. Dysregulated and dampened BMAL1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target against aging- associated diseases.

The gut microbial community is closely related to mastitis, but studies regarding the influences of mastitis on gut microbiota in buffalo remain scarce. Herein, we characterized the differences in gut bacterial and fungal communities between mastitis-affected and healthy buffalos. Interestingly, although mastitis had no effect on gut bacterial and fungal diversities in the buffalos, some bacterial and fungal taxa were significantly altered. Bacterial and fungal taxonomic analysis showed that the preponderant bacterial phyla (Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes) and fungal phyla (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) in buffalo were the same regardless of health status. At the level of genus, the changes in some gut bacterial and fungal abundances between both groups were gradually observed. Compared with healthy buffalos, the proportions of 3 bacterial genera (uncultured_bacterium_f_Muribaculaceae, Eubacterium_nodatum_group, and Lachnoclostridium_10) and 1 fungal genus (Pichia) in the mastitis-affected buffalo were significantly increased, whereas 4 bacterial genera (Ruminococcus_2, Candidatus_Stoquefichus, Turicibacter, and Cellulosilyticum) and 4 fungal genera (Cladosporium, Thermothelomyces, Ganoderma and Aspergillus) were significantly decreased. Taken together, this research revealed that there was significant difference in the compositions of the gut microbial community between the healthy and mastitis-affected buffalos. To our knowledge, this is the first insight into the characteristics of the gut microbiota in buffalos with mastitis, which is beneficial to understand the gut microbial information of buffalo in different health states and elucidate the pathogenesis of mastitis from the gut microbial perspective.

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Clustered heatmap of yaks in different health status at the bacterial genus level. The color values of the heatmap indicate the normalized relative richness of each species. Fig. S2. Clustered heatmap of yaks in different health status at the fungal genus level. The color values of the heatmap indicate the normalized relative richness of each species. Fig. S3. The gut bacterial comparisons between healthy and diarrheic yaks in phylum and genus levels. Metastats analysis was applied to identify the significantly differentially abundant bacterial genera between both groups and all of the data represent means ± SD. * p

大同火山区位于大兴安岭-太行山重力梯度带西侧，所发育的第四纪玄武岩岩石地球化学特征为探索该区火山岩成因提供了重要约束，同时也为华北克拉通西部岩石圈地幔与软流圈的相互作用提供重要依据。根据火山地貌和岩性的不同，沿着北东向陈庄-许堡断裂可将大同玄武岩大致分为东、西两区，西区火山多呈锥状，以碱性玄武岩为主；东区则以溢流拉斑玄武岩为主，锥体少。镜下岩相学研究观察到大量橄榄石和单斜辉石斑晶，结合Ni、Cr两种元素随着MgO含量降低而减小，这两种矿物应是分离结晶作用下的主要产物。这些玄武岩的SiO2和（K2O+Na2O）含量分别为45.02%~53.3%和3.60%~6.53%，相对富集轻稀土元素（（La/Yb）N=5.8~31.6），并显示富集LILE（Rb、Ba、Sr正异常）以及HFSE（Nb、Ta、Zr正异常）的洋岛玄武岩（OIB）特征。根据La/Yb-Sm/Yb图解模拟计算得出大同玄武岩均是石榴石相二辉橄榄岩低程度部分熔融的结果，其中碱性玄武岩部分熔融程度约为1.5%~3%，拉斑玄武岩约为4%~8%。所研究的玄武岩有较低87Sr/86Sr（0.703302~0.705102）、较高143Nd/144Nd（0.512561~0.512963）和176Hf/177Hf（0.282922~0.283072）比值。在143Nd/144Nd-87Sr/86Sr图解上大同玄武岩落在OIB范围内；207Pb/204Pb-206Pb/204Pb和143Nd/144Nd-206Pb/204Pb图解表明它们来自PREMA和EMⅠ端元的二元混合。大同碱性玄武岩和拉斑玄武岩的地球化学特征不同可以用两点原因来解释：（1）主量与微量元素特征的差异是两种玄武岩部分熔融程度不一样形成的；（2）同位素特征表明两种玄武岩都来自软流圈亏损端元的部分熔融并存在少量岩石圈富集端元物质的加入，其差异则是加入比例不同造成的。

Identifying political perspectives in news media has become an important task due to the rapid growth of political commentary and the increasingly polarized political ideologies. Previous approaches focus on textual content and leave out the rich social and political context that is essential in the perspective detection process. To address this limitation, we propose KGAP, a political perspective detection method that incorporates external domain knowledge. Specifically, we construct a political knowledge graph to serve as domain-specific external knowledge. We then construct heterogeneous information networks to represent news documents, which jointly model news text and external knowledge. Finally, we adopt relational graph neural networks and conduct political perspective detection as graph-level classification. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method consistently achieves the best performance on two real-world perspective detection benchmarks. Ablation studies further bear out the necessity of external knowledge and the effectiveness of our graph-based approach.

Let $G$ be a connected $d$-regular graph with a given order and the second largest eigenvalue $��_2(G)$. Mohar and O (private communication) asked a challenging problem: what is the best upper bound for $��_2(G)$ which guarantees that $��(G) \geq t+1$, where $1 \leq t \leq d-1$ and $��(G)$ is the vertex-connectivity of $G$, which was also mentioned by Cioab��. As a starting point, we solve this problem in the case $t =1$, and characterize all families of extremal graphs., 10 pages

In this paper, an adaptive control method based on improved dynamic surface control (DSC) technique is proposed for a class of high maneuver flight control problems with input saturation and dead zone input. By designing adaptive disturbance compensation terms, the influences caused by external disturbances, modeling errors and uncertainties such as aerodynamic parameters have been suppressed effectively, which has a strong anti-jamming capacity. Because of the application of the improved dynamic surface technique, the control method not only reduces the computational burden of the control design, but also guarantees the global uniformly ultimately boundedness (GUUB) of all the signals in the closed-loop system.

Objective: To compare and analyze the clinical efficacy of brain radiotherapy combined with targeted therapy and concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with brain metastasis. Methods: Fifty-eight patients with NSCLC with brain metastasis who were admitted to our hospital between October 2016 and October 2017 were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, 29 cases in each group. The control group was treated with concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy, while the observation group was treated with whole brain radiotherapy plus targeted therapy. The disease control rate, adverse reactions and survival condition were compared between the two groups. Results: The disease control rate of the observation group was 68.97%, significantly higher than 41.38% of the control group (P

Alginate is a kind of marine-derived plant polysaccharide with useful properties including inherent flame-retardancy and biocompatibility, yet poor flowability and low processing efficiency induced by high viscosity impede its further industrial applications. In this study, PEG-substituted tertiary amines were adapted to functionalize alginate with different molecular weight via acid-base reaction to improve the flowability. Based on alginate with low molecular weight, alginate fluids exhibited excellent flowability at room temperature in the absence of solvent. For alginate with high molecular weight, gelatinous precipitated phase exhibited significant shear-thinning properties and higher solid content despite lack of solvent-free flowability, which was applied to wet-spinning. The alginate fibers exhibited increased tensile strength by 104% and elongation at break by 132% compared with conventional alginate fibers, and the spinning efficiency was significantly improved. The proposed strategy is expected to extend to highly efficient processing of other polysaccharides to obtain high-performance biomedical materials.

Well-defined modification of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) with different molecular weight poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) was high-efficiently realized by atom transfer nitroxide radical coupling (ATNRC), which was confirmed by 1H NMR, TEM and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). The multi-responsive behaviors of PDMAEMA modified MWNTs (MWNTs-g-PDMAEMA) suspensions were systematically investigated by rheology. Reversible thermo-thickening behavior was detected in MWNTs-g-PDMAEMA suspensions, attributing that PDMAEMA side chains aggregated to hydrophobic micro-domains physically cross-linking the polymer chains at temperatures above LCST. By the incorporation of sufficient free PDMAEMA chains (f-PDMAEMA), the suspensions with enough long grafted-chains exhibited obvious shear-thickening behaviors at high pH, which was absent in the suspensions with short grafted-chains due to steric hindrance of MWNTs as backbones. The primary mechanism of shear thickening was ascribed to the shear-induced transformation of intra-chain cross-linking to inter-chain cross-linking induced by the bridging effect of additional free-chains. Hydrophobic interaction, the amount of f-PDMAEMA chains and grafted-chain length were determined as the three vital factors of shear-thickening behaviours, which could be employed to fulfill tunable thickening/thinning responsive of MWNTs-g-PDMAEMA. In the study of self-assembly properties of MWNTs-g-PDMAEMA and the hybrid system of Au nanoparticles immobilized MWNTs-g-PDMAEMA dilute aqueous suspensions, typically dendritic fractal patterns with different details were formed in response to pH values and the concentration of NaCl, which have not been reported in the literature yet. The morphology of the self-assembled hybrid systems of Au nanoparticle immobilized MWNTs-g-PDMAEMA aggregates gradually transformed from rigid, straight and wide trunks with few side branches to soft, bent and slim trunks with many side branches as the pH value increased. The insights reported here can help to deeply understand the thickening/thinning essence and self-assembly principle of polymer brush grafted MWNTs suspensions, and guide the development of complex responsive materials with better performance.

The heat release of a chemical reaction is a major source of combustion noise in internal-combustion engines. The simulation grid cells in the combustion chamber whose heat release changes as the crank angle changes serve as noise sources. These sources produce acoustic waves. By means of combining the acoustic theory and the KIVA program, the regions around the noise sources are divided into the cells inside the acoustic wave and the cells outside the acoustic wave respectively according to the range of acoustic wave propagation. Therefore the pressure of the cells are calculated on the basis of the cells lying in the different regions. The process of pressure oscillations in specific positions can be shown in the results. The characteristics of the main acoustic sources which caused the pressure oscillations can be analysed. On comparing the simulations and the experiments, the hysteresis effect of acoustic wave propagation can be taken into account when studying the combustion process in internal-combustion engines.

With the development of network-centric warfare theory, a variety of networking equipment has become a serious problem. In the process of networking, because of different equipment, different manufacturers and models of the same type equipment, the network is needed to standardize the process of data formats and interfaces, which bring a lot of problems to the network equipments. To solve these problems, antagonistic emulation training platform is designed based on Jini. Jini uses of plug-and-play technology, as well as self-organized, self-healing features to support a wide range of combat training and seamless interconnection between equipment, to construct "system-wide" integrated simulation training environment.

In distribution network, the single-phase ground fault accounted for 80% of all distribution networks’ fault. How accurately, rapidly to diagnosis faults lines are practical issues that electrical engineers often meet with. The current of small-current system is so little that could be easily affected by the environment changes and the influence parameters of itself. The single method of line selection cannot conform to the requirements. In this paper, the fifth harmonic of zero-sequence current, line's power and energy of the zero-sequence current are used as the fault feature. Based on the three characteristics and BP neural network, the multi-information line selection was operation. The results of simulation indicate that the multi-information line selection method is much better than the single line selection methods.

In the context of emerging synthetic biology, metabolic engineering is moving to the next stage powered by new technologies. Systematical modularization of genetic elements makes it more convenient to engineer biological systems for chemical production or other desired purposes. In the past few years, progresses were made in engineering metabolic pathway using synthetic biology tools. Here, we spotlighted the topic of implementation of modularized genetic elements in metabolic engineering. First, we overviewed the principle developed for modularizing genetic elements and then discussed how the genetic modules advanced metabolic engineering studies. Next, we picked up some milestones of engineered metabolic pathway achieved in the past few years. Last, we discussed the rapid raised synthetic biology field of "building a genome" and the potential in metabolic engineering.

We describe rapid assembly of DNA overlapping multifragments (RADOM), an improved assembly method via homologous recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which combines assembly in yeasto with blue/white screening in Escherichia coli. We show that RADOM can successfully assemble ∼3 and ∼10 kb DNA fragments that are highly similar to the yeast genome rapidly and accurately. This method was tested in the Build-A-Genome course by undergraduate students, where 125 ∼3 kb "minichunks" from the synthetic yeast genome project Sc2.0 were assembled. Here, 122 out of 125 minichunks achieved insertions with correct sizes, and 102 minichunks were sequenced verified. As this method reduces the time-consuming and labor-intensive efforts of yeast assembly by improving the screening efficiency for correct assemblies, it may find routine applications in the construction of DNA fragments, especially in hierarchical assembly projects.

Beyond 45 nm, due to the superior CMP performance requirements with the metal gate of aluminum in the advanced CMOS process, a novel alkaline slurry for an aluminum gate CMP with poly-amine alkali slurry is investigated. The aluminum gate CMP under alkaline conditions has two steps:stock polishing and fine polishing. A controllable removal rate, the uniformity of aluminum gate and low corrosion are the key challenges for the alkaline polishing slurry of the aluminum gate CMP. This work utilizes the complexation-soluble function of FA/O Ⅱ and the preference adsorption mechanism of FA/O Ⅰ nonionic surfactant to improve the uniformity of the surface chemistry function with the electrochemical corrosion research, such as OCP-TIME curves, Tafel curves and AC impedance. The result is that the stock polishing slurry (with SiO2 abrasive) contains 1 wt.% H2O2 ,0.5 wt.% FA/O Ⅱ and 1.0 wt.% FA/O Ⅰ nonionic surfactant. For a fine polishing process, 1.5 wt.% H2O2 , 0.4 wt.% FA/O Ⅱ and 2.0 wt.% FA/O Ⅰ nonionic surfactant are added. The polishing experiments show that the removal rates are 3000±50 A/min and 1600±60 A/min, respectively. The surface roughnesses are 2.05±0.128 nm and 1.59±0.081 nm, respectively. A combination of the functions of FA/O Ⅱ and FA/O Ⅰ nonionic surfactant obtains a controllable removal rate and a better surface roughness in alkaline solution.

This article, on the basis of the expert’s analyses and theories of the forecast of heavy-rain, summarizes a variety of the current instruments and methods of forecast and, according to the train of thought of the highrank forecasters, distills their experiences in forecasting heavy-rain into an inference-tree of 106 junctures from which 101 rule-bases are derived. The logical calculation is automatically carried out with our introduced and developed PROLOG, one of the intelligent languages by means of micro-computer. This process adopts the uncertain inferential method based on the theory of fuzzy sets, breaks through the limits of two-value logic and is characteristic of the thinking of human brain.

ispartof: pages:1-7 ispartof: New Voices in Translation Studies vol:20 issue:Special Issue 2019 pages:1-7 ispartof: International Postgraduate Conference on Translation and Interpreting Studies (IPCITI) - Power and Ideology in Translation and Interpreting location:The University of Manchester, School of Social Sciences - Centre for Translation and Intercultural Studies status: Published online