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Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tct-10.1177_15330338221105156 for Effects of Preoperative Radiotherapy on Long-Term Bowel Function in Patients With Rectal Cancer Treated With Anterior Resection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis by Zongyu Liang, Zhaojun Zhang, Deqing Wu, Chengzhi Huang, Xin Chen, Weixian Hu, Junjiang Wang, Xingyu Feng and Xueqing Yao in Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tct-10.1177_15330338221105156 for Effects of Preoperative Radiotherapy on Long-Term Bowel Function in Patients With Rectal Cancer Treated With Anterior Resection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis by Zongyu Liang, Zhaojun Zhang, Deqing Wu, Chengzhi Huang, Xin Chen, Weixian Hu, Junjiang Wang, Xingyu Feng and Xueqing Yao in Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment

Damage and fracture of quasi-brittle materials are non-reversible processes of micro-defects and micro-cracks, often accompanied by a strip of micro-crack damage along the end of the macro-crack or gap. In this work, the micro-crack damage parameters in the strip are calculated, and a mechanics model is proposed to analyze the relation between deformation and force. The mechanics parameters are also determined using meso-mechanics homogenization of the damage zone of the micro-crack strip. Then, calculations of the deformation and stress in the damage strip are introduced, and the damage factor is estimated using a cohesive crack model. Finally, the relationship between the micro-crack and macro-fracture zone is correlated to electron microscopy data of a cast iron specimen and numerical results. For the damage factor, damage density, and geometrical factors of micro-cracks, the meso-mechanics scale is correlated to macro-mechanics in the damage fracture process zone by combining the homogenization method and cohesive crack model of nonlinear fracture.

As to the voltage fluctuation problem of capacitors in sub-modules when modular multilevel converters (MMC) operates at low frequency, a control strategy for low frequency is proposed, which mainly aims to increase floating capacitors' ripple frequency by the means of adding high frequency zero-sequence voltage and circulating current, thus restraining voltage fluctuation of floating capacitors. Combining voltage-ampere characteristics of capacitors with switching function, the voltage fluctuation of floating capacitors is analyzed, and the conclusions of the sub-module capacitor voltage fluctuation mainly containing the fundamental frequency component, double frequency component and triple frequency component are obtained. Based on the above conclusions, the control method of injecting high-frequency zero-sequence voltage into reference voltage and injecting high-frequency circulation into energy sharing control is detailed displayed, with the expression of high-frequency zero-sequence voltage and high-frequency circulation, the basis of frequency selecting being given. Combining with the control principle of modular multilevel converters, the control method is applied to the AC drive field and the algorithm of motor control, energy sharing control, voltage equalization control and reference voltage control are given. Finally, a seven-level motor control system simulation model is built in PSCAD/EMTDC based on modular multilevel converters, and the simulation researches on both the motor startup and operating at low frequency are done. The results show that the method is able to restrain voltage fluctuation of floating capacitors effectively, and make sure the system working at low frequency safely and reliably, with the bridge arm current corresponding to the modular multi-level converter having increased, it being mainly applicable to occasions where the output waveform has high requirements and the power of the bridge arm power device is large, which verifies its validity and feasibility.

The modular multilevel converter (MMC) based unified power flow controller (UPFC) is the newest flexible AC transmission system technology at present, which can realize the adjustment of active power and reactive power with voltage regulation, series compensation and shift equalization. With secondary circulation in the MMC bridge arm during UPFC running, a method for calculating secondary circulation current of modular multilevel converters is proposed, which establishes a calculation method of secondary circulation current by simplifying averaging control to be double proportional regulator, based on capacitance volt-ampere characteristic and equivalent switching function. The topological structure of MMC-UPFC is analyzed, and the specific process of the above model is displayed based on understanding the reason of producing secondary circulation current. In order to improve calculation accuracy, correction model of secondary circulation current is established, and the optimal parameters are obtained by using simulated annealing based on least squares. An important conclusion that secondary circulation current is associated with K V1 and K I1 , and it increase with the increase of K V1 and decrease with the increase of K I1, is obtained by analyzing the above model, which provides a theoretical basis for suppressing secondary circulation current and selecting power device for UPFC. Finally PSCAD simulation results show that the method can accurately calculate secondary circulation current, which verifies its validity and feasibility.

As prescribed in IEC60044-8 Standard, the rated values of electronic current transformer output data rate can be 1000Hz, 2400Hz, or 4000Hz (industrial frequency is 50Hz). In intelligent substations, it is necessary to convert different sampling rates to the same one when intelligent electronic devices of transformer differential protection are connected to ECTs with different sampling rates. This paper studies the sampling rate conversion mechanism with cascade connection of decimation and interpolation to realize sampling rate conversion in rational factor, and the impact on differential protection current is also analyzed. To reduce the group delay of high-order finite impulse response (FIR) in sampling rate conversion, a zero-phase filtering algorithm is designed. Combined that with the decimation and interpolation algorithm, the branch current in any different sampling rate can be converted to the same one, and the seamless connection of differential protection and ECT is realized. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the operation speed of differential protection.

To analyze the clinical effect of early intravenous nutrition therapy for very low birth weight infants. 80 cases of very low birth weight infants referred to our hospital from June 2013 to June 2015 were randomly and evenly divided into two groups. The infants in group A were treated with early intravenous nutrition, while with late parenteral nutrition for those in group B. The intravenous nutrition time, proportion of body weight loss, time consumption for recovery to birth weight and full enteral nutrition and complication rate between the two groups were compared. We found that there were significant differences in the intravenous nutrition time, proportion of body weight loss, and time consumption for recovery to birth weight and full enteral nutrition between the two groups (P0.05). Moreover, the complication rate of group A was 7.5%, which was 17.5% lower comparing with 25.0% in group B (P0.05). Thus, we conclude that early intravenous nutrition therapy in very low birth weight infants is effective and safe and further promotion and application of this therapy is worthy.

Antioxidants are emerging as prophylactic and therapeutic agents for various diseases. However, little is known about the antioxidant property of the extract from Flos Lonicerae, a medically useful traditional Chinese medicine herb. Here the antioxidant capacity of water, methanolic and 70% ethanolic extracts prepared from Flos Lonicerae to scavenge DPPH radical and reduce Fe(3+) to Fe(2+) is evaluated. Chlorogenic acid, a major component of Flos Lonicerae, is identified and further purified from 70% ethanolic extract with HPLC and its antioxidant capacity is also characterized. The content of total phenolic compounds and chlorogenic acid in Flos Lonicerae is determined. The present results demonstrate that all Flos Lonicerae extracts examined here exhibit antioxidant activity and chlorogenic acid is a major contributor to this activity, which implicates that the Flos Lonicerae extract may serve as potential source of natural antioxidants for treatment of some diseases.

Abstract 4729 KLF3 is a member of the Krüppel-like transcription factor family. By recognizing CC/ACACCC motifs in the promoters and enhancers of its regulating genes, KLF3 plays critical roles in cell differentiation and development including B lymphocytes maturation and adipocyte differentiation. Previous studies demonstrated that KLF3-deficient mice displayed myeloproliferative disorders and abnormalities in hematopoiesis. KLF3 prefers to bind to the CACCC box in the yolk sac and fetal liver, indicating that KLF3 probably participates in the primitive hematopoiesis. However, the mechanism that KLF3 regulates primitive hematopoiesis is not fully understood. To characterize the role of KLF3 in primitive hematopoiesis, we firstly detected the expression of KLF3 during erythroid differentiation by RNA-seq in undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells (hESC) as well as three primary erythroid cells at different developmental stages including ES-derived erythroid cells (ESER), fetal- and adult-type erythroid cells (FLER, PBER). The results show that KLF3 is significantly higher expressed in ESER cells than that in other cells, which is an indicating of the role of KLF3 in primitive hematopoiesis. The expression level of KLF3 decreased at later erythroid developmental stages, which was also verified by the decreased KLF3 expression level when K562 cells induced with 50 mM of hemin for up to 72h. Secondly, to further clarify the mechanism that KLF3 regulates primitive hematopoiesis, we depleted KLF3 by shRNA interference in K562 cells, the representative of early development of erythroid cells, and performed microarray analysis to comprehensively characterize the target genes of KLF3 as well as the networks in which the target genes involved. The results indicate that down-regulated KLF3 exhibits remarkable impacts on genes expression profile in K562 cells. Total 655 (p-value1.5) differentially expressed genes were largely disturbed and recognized as potential target genes of KLF3, in which up-regulated genes (372) were more than down-regulated genes (283). Erythroid differentiation markers including HBE, HBA1/A2, HBZ and HBD globin genes are observably up-regulated in KLF3 depleted K562 cells. These results suggest that KLF3 probably exhibits suppressive activities in primitive hematopoiesis. The IPA analysis demonstrates that the potential target genes are specifically enriched in the biofunctions of hematopoiesis and hematological system development. The IPA networks analysis demonstrates that the potential target genes are closely associated with the networks of hematological diseases and hematological system development. IPA analysis also predicted the upstream regulators to drive KLF3 in erythroid cells including GATA1 (p-value In conclusion, we clarified the expression pattern of KLF3 during erythroid differentiation and confirmed the important functions of KLF3 in primitive hematopoises. Moerover, we ruled out the possibility that erythroid-specific enhancers in KLF3 gene locus participate in primitive hematopoiesis. Next, ChIP and dual luciferase reporter assay will be performed to confirm the regulation of KLF3 on the target genes. The relationship between these upstream regulators and KLF3 potential target genes will be further clarified. Finally, the related observations will be verified in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) as well as KLF3 morpholino knockdown zebrafish to fully understand the molecular mechanism of KLF3 in regulating primitive hematopoiesis. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.