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To solve the problem of poor face recognition performance in unrestricted environments. A face recognition algorithm based on improved residual IR-ResNet-SE is designed. Firstly, the IR structure is added to the 34-layer residual network to reduce the variability of different features; Secondly, we add the channel attention module to increase the weight of important channel features; Finally, the Arcface loss function is used to improve the classification ability of the model. The LFW, AgeDB, and AR datasets reflect unrestricted factors such as pose, age, expression, occlusion, and illumination. The algorithm proposed in this paper is experimented on these three datasets. The experimental results show that the IR-ResNet-SE algorithm proposed in this paper can achieve 99.74% accuracy in the dataset LFW. And it has excellent robustness in face recognition under unrestricted conditions. &nbsp

Additional file 7. Review history.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Overview of protein and phosphopeptide quantification. Figure S2. Sex effects and heritability on the abundance of proteins and phosphopepitdes across tissues. Figure S3. pQTL and phQTL mapping from CC strains in heart, kidney and liver tissues. Figure S4. Mediation of phQTL through the abundance of their parent proteins (substrates). Figure S5. NZO allele drives the low abundances of MCAT pS41 in CC strains. Figure S6. pQTL and phQTL were identified to regulate phosphopeptide abundance together. Figure S7. Phosphorylation sites on one protein can be regulated coordinated and not coordinated.

The proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) has opened up new avenues for the modeling of power electronics with ultra-fast transient responses, such as wide-bandgap (WBG) devices. This paper highlights the significance of ultrafast transient device-level hardware emulation for the DC railway microgrid (DRM) in real-time. To this end, the proposed approach partitions the DRM power system by transmission line method (TLM) and employs gated recurrent unit (GRU) and electromagnetic transient (EMT) modeling techniques for system-level subsystems. Meanwhile, for WBG devices, gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistors (HEMT) and silicon carbide (SiC) insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT) are modeled using a novel physical feature neuron network (PFNN), which offers high flexibility with a variable time-step (as low as 1ns), thereby improving the accuracy, efficiency and accelerating the emulation on the field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The effectiveness of the proposed approach is confirmed by comparing the emulation results with offline simulation results obtained from PSCAD/EMTD for system-level and SaberRD for device-level transients. The proposed PFNN approach provides strong versatility, ultra-fast transient emulation capability, and significantly improved accuracy, which bodes well for the future of power electronics device-level emulation.

Dodecyltrimethoxysilane (DTMS)-modified reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposites were incorporated into polyurethane (PU) sponges by a combination of dip-coating and thermal curing reduction reaction to obtain a novel superhydrophobic DTMS-rGO-PU sponge for effective oil/water separation. The reaction conditions, such as the dip-coating solution concentration, the thermal curing reduction temperature, and the reaction time were demonstrated to be key factors in forming hierarchical DTMS-rGO nanocomposites, which significantly affected the surface wettability of the PU sponge. The resulting DTMS-rGO-PU sponge with a static water contact angle (WCA) of 152.2° displayed superior superhydrophobicity, and achieved an oil–water separation efficiency of 99.89% for various oil/water mixtures. This superhydrophobic sponge also showed minimal deterioration in its high oil adsorption capacity after 100 recycled adsorption operations. Furthermore, the as-prepared DTMS-rGO-PU sponge was proven to be physically and chemically stable and durable in harsh environmental conditions, suggesting its potential for industrial applications in oil spillage management.

Supplementary Materials: Supplementary Figure S1: Patient selection. Supplementary Figure S2: Figure S2 Validation of the nomogram for predicting PFS and OS. (A-D) Calibration curves and DCA of the nomogram for PFS prediction in the training and the testing cohorts. (E-H) Calibration curves, and DCA of the nomogram for OS prediction in the training and the validation cohorts. Abbreviations: PFS, progression-free survival; OS, overall survival; DCA, decision curve analysis. Supplementary Table S1: The scoring grades of chemoradiotherapy effect†,1-4. Supplementary Table S2: Figure S2 Tumor Characteristics of responders and non-responders.

Supplementary Material 1

Maritime industries desire high speed and reliability, low lifespan cost, and environmental impact shipping for transportation. Compared to highly congested land shipments and high-cost air freight, all-electric ship (AES) can reduce the lifespan energy consumption and transport a considerable freight volume at a lower rate. Recently, the medium voltage DC (MVDC) topology, recommended by IEEE standard, pushes the AES to the next stage in considering space and weight constraints with the reduction of bulky transformers and simplified parallel connections. However, device-level modeling of this massive parallel MVDC-based ship-board microgrid (SBM) is challenging to both the state-of-the-art general-purpose compute unit and traditional electromagnetic transient (EMT) based emulation. With the rapid development of machine learning (ML) algorithm and its dedicated execution unit, accelerated parallel emulation becomes achievable in different levels of this paralleled connected SBM. Applying the ML-aided technique can help to improve the emulation execution efficiency and reduce the consumption of hardware resource on the field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). This work proposes a real-time hybrid ML-EMT based digital twin of the complete SBM at the subsystem-level and equipment-level with validated results from PSCAD/EMTDC, and device-level with validated results from SaberRD.

Jing Zhang,1,2 YanZhang Tian,1 ShaoJian Mo,1 XiFeng Fu1 1Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030032, People’s Republic of China; 2The Fifth People’s Hospital of Datong, Datong, Shanxi Province, 037006, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: XiFeng Fu, Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, People’s Republic of China, Email fxfyisheng@163.comBackground: Pancreatic cancer is a common malignant tumor. Multiple studies have shown that procollagen lysyl-hydroxylase (PLOD) family genes were closely related to tumor progression and metastasis in a variety of human cancers. This study aimed to explore the prognosis and biological role of PLOD family genes in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD).Methods: GEPIA, GEO, HPA, CCLE, Kaplan–Meier plotter, cBioPortal, LinkedOmics, DAVID6.8, STRING, and TIMER were employed to determine the prognostic values and biological function of PLOD family members in PAAD.Results: The mRNA and protein expression patterns of PLOD family members were noticeably up-regulated in PAAD compared with normal tissues. PLOD family gene expression was also up-regulated in pancreatic cancer cell lines. PLOD1 was correlated with histological and pathological grades of pancreatic cancer. PLOD2 was related to histological grade. The high expression of PLOD1-2 was correlated with the poor overall survival rate and relapse-free survival rate in patients with PAAD. Additionally, PLODs showed high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing pancreatic cancer from normal tissues. Through the functional enrichment analysis of PLOD-related genes in PAAD, we found that PLODs were enriched in collagen fiber tissue structure, lysine degradation, and collagen biosynthesis. Pathway analysis confirmed that PLODs regulated the proliferation, migration, and metastasis of pancreatic cancer through the RalGEF-Ral signaling pathway. Furthermore, the level of expression of PLOD1-2 was positively correlated with the activity of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, including CD8+T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. The level of expression of PLOD3 was inversely correlated with the level of infiltration of CD8+T cells. PLOD1 and PLOD2 were highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues with TP53 and KRAS mutations, respectively. However, the level of expression of PLOD3 in SMAD4 wild-type pancreatic cancer was increased.Conclusion: The findings showed that individual PLOD genes or PLOD family genes could be potential prognostic biomarkers for PAAD.Keywords: PLOD, pancreatic cancer, prognosis, mutations, tumor-infiltrating immune cells

A new hyphomycetous species, Conlarium sichuanense was found on dead branches of Ficus virens (Moraceae) from a terrestrial habitat in Sichuan Province, China. The new species has sporodochial colonies on natural substate, with micronematous conidiophores and muriform, brown and subglobose to irregular-shaped conidia. The phylogenetic analysis based on combined LSU, ITS and SSU sequence data showed that Conlarium sichuanense clustered together with C. aquaticum and C. thailandense and presented as a distinct lineage. A detailed, illustrated description and comparison with related Conlarium species are provided.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of transvesical incision in the treatment of ejaculatory duct obstruction.MethodsThe clinical data of 26 male infertile patients with ejaculatory duct obstruction were retrospectively analysed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2020 to August 2021. All patients were treated with seminal vesicle neck incision for ejaculatory duct obstruction. The general clinical characteristics, intraoperative conditions and postoperative effects on the patients were recorded, and the therapeutic effect was evaluated.ResultsThe ejaculatory duct was found through fenestration, and the seminal vesicle gland was smoothly entered in 25 patients (96.2%). Among them, 22 cases underwent bilateral endoscopy and three underwent unilateral endoscopy. Sperm appeared in 23 cases (88.5%) 3 months after surgery. The sperm concentration and motility postoperatively at 6 months were higher than that at 3 months postoperatively. No postoperative complications, such as epididymitis or retrograde ejaculation, occurred.ConclusionSearching for the ejaculatory duct via the neck of the prostatic utricle, assisted by a low-energy holmium laser, is a new method for the treatment of ejaculatory duct obstruction. Microscopic vision is clear using this approach and the postoperative complications are few, which has high value for clinical application.

ObjectiveThe m6A methylation was involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), and our study aimed to reveal the potential association of m6A demethylase (ALKBH5, FTO) genes variation, expression levels and PTB.MethodsEight SNPs (ALKBH5 gene rs8400, rs9913266, rs12936694, rs4925144 and FTO gene rs6499640, rs8047395, rs1121980, rs9939609) were selected for genotyping by SNPscan technique in 449 PTB patients and 463 healthy controls.ResultsThe mRNA expression levels of ALKBH5, FTO were detected by qRT-PCR. There were no significant differences in genotype, allele distributions of all SNPs between PTB patients and healthy controls. Haplotype analysis demonstrated that the frequency of FTO gene GAAA haplotype was significantly reduced in PTB patients when compared to controls. ALKBH5 rs8400 AA genotype, A allele frequencies were associated with the decreased risk of sputum smear-positive, while AA genotype frequency was related to the increased risk of hypoproteinemia in PTB patients. In addition, rs9913266 variant was linked to the occurrence of drug-induced liver injury, sputum smear-positive, and rs4925144 variant was associated with leukopenia among PTB patients. In FTO gene, rs8047395 GG genotype and G allele frequencies were significantly higher in the PTB patients with drug resistance than that in the PTB patients without drug resistance. The ALKBH5, FTO expression levels were significantly decreased in PTB patients in comparison to controls. Moreover, ALKBH5 level was increased in PTB patients with drug resistance, and FTO level was decreased in PTB patients with sputum smear-positive.ConclusionFTO gene polymorphisms might be associated with PTB susceptibility, and ALKBH5, FTO levels were decreased in PTB patients, suggesting that these m6A demethylase played important roles in PTB.

Metabolism-related genes (MRGs) have been confirmed to play an important role in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We obtained 88 differentially expressed MRGs according to ROC analysis. The prognostic risk score was then calculated based on 12 MRGs via LASSO regression, and patients were divided into high- and low-risk group. Furthermore, the survival prognostic value of this model was further confirmed in Kaplan–Meier and ROC analysis. Mutations in 12 MRGs were analyzed using cBioPortal. Further analysis showed that MRGs copy number variations (CNVs) in the model were correlated with immune checkpoints (LSECtin and PD-L1) and immune cells. Furthermore, this predictive model was found to be sensitive to immune infiltration and had good predictive value for the expression of immune checkpoints. In conclusion, an MRGs-based HCC prediction model for HCC was established and its effectiveness was verified.

The analysis of glycoproteins and the comparison of protein N-glycosylation from different eukaryotic origins require unbiased and robust analytical workflows. The structural and functional analysis of vertebrate protein N-glycosylation currently depends extensively on bacterial peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-β-glucosaminyl) asparagine amidases (PNGases), which are indispensable enzymatic tools in releasing asparagine-linked oligosaccharides (N-glycans) from glycoproteins. So far, only limited PNGase candidates are available for N-glycans analysis, and particularly the analysis of plant and invertebrate N-glycans is hampered by the lack of suitable PNGases. Furthermore, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) workflows, such as hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS), require a highly efficient enzymatic release of N-glycans at low pH values to facilitate the comprehensive structural analysis of glycoproteins. Herein, we describe a previously unstudied superacidic bacterial N-glycanase (PNGase H

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is one of the most common substance use disorders contributing to both behavioral and cognitive impairments in patients with AUD. Recent neuroimaging studies point out that AUD is a typical disorder featured by altered functional connectivity. However, the details about how voxel-wise functional coordination remain unknown. Here, we adopted a newly proposed method named functional connectivity density (FCD) to depict altered voxel-wise functional coordination in AUD. The novel functional imaging technique, FCD, provides a comprehensive analytical method for brain's “scale-free” networks. We applied resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) toward subjects to obtain their FCD, including global FCD (gFCD), local FCD (lFCD), and long-range FCD (lrFCD). Sixty-one patients with AUD and 29 healthy controls (HC) were recruited, and patients with AUD were further divided into alcohol-related cognitive impairment group (ARCI, n = 11) and non-cognitive impairment group (AUD-NCI, n = 50). All subjects were asked to stay stationary during the scan in order to calculate the resting-state gFCD, lFCD, and lrFCD values, and further investigate the abnormal connectivity alterations among AUD-NCI, ARCI, and HC. Compared to HC, both AUD groups exhibited significantly altered gFCD in the left inferior occipital lobe, left calcarine, altered lFCD in right lingual, and altered lrFCD in ventromedial frontal gyrus (VMPFC). It is notable that gFCD of the ARCI group was found to be significantly deviated from AUD-NCI and HC in left medial frontal gyrus, which changes probably contributed by the impairment in cognition. In addition, no significant differences in gFCD were found between ARCI and HC in left parahippocampal, while ARCI and HC were profoundly deviated from AUD-NCI, possibly reflecting a compensation of cognition impairment. Further analysis showed that within patients with AUD, gFCD values in left medial frontal gyrus are negatively correlated with MMSE scores, while lFCD values in left inferior occipital lobe are positively related to ADS scores. In conclusion, patients with AUD exhibited significantly altered functional connectivity patterns mainly in several left hemisphere brain regions, while patients with AUD with or without cognitive impairment also demonstrated intergroup FCD differences which correlated with symptom severity, and patients with AUD cognitive impairment would suffer less severe alcohol dependence. This difference in symptom severity probably served as a compensation for cognitive impairment, suggesting a difference in pathological pathways. These findings assisted future AUD studies by providing insight into possible pathological mechanisms.

To improve the decision-making level of active distribution networks (ADNs), this paper proposes a novel framework for coordinated scheduling based on the long short-term memory network (LSTM) with deep reinforcement learning (DRL). Considering the interaction characteristics of ADNs with distributed energy resources (DERs), the scheduling objective is constructed to reduce the operation cost and optimize the voltage distribution. To tackle this problem, a LSTM module is employed to perform feature extraction on the ADN environment, which can realize the recognition and learning of massive temporal structure data. The concerned ADN real-time scheduling model is duly formulated as a finite Markov decision process (FMDP). Moreover, a modified deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm is proposed to solve the complex decision-making problem. Numerous experimental results within a modified IEEE 33-bus system demonstrate the validity and superiority of the proposed method.

Characterizations of molecular structures, optical properties, and oxidative potentials of different polarity levels of water-soluble organic matters in winter PM2.5 in six China’s megacities

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a global crisis. Although many people recover from COVID-19 infection, they are likely to develop persistent symptoms similar to those of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) after discharge. Those constellations of symptoms persist for months after infection, called Long COVID, which may lead to considerable financial burden and healthcare challenges. However, the mechanisms underlying Long COVID and ME/CFS remain unclear.MethodsWe collected the genes associated with Long COVID and ME/CFS in databases by restricted screening conditions and clinical sample datasets with limited filters. The common genes for Long COVID and ME/CFS were finally obtained by taking the intersection. We performed several advanced bioinformatics analyses based on common genes, including gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses, protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis, transcription factor (TF)–gene interaction network analysis, transcription factor–miRNA co-regulatory network analysis, and candidate drug analysis prediction.ResultsWe found nine common genes between Long COVID and ME/CFS and gained a piece of detailed information on their biological functions and signaling pathways through enrichment analysis. Five hub proteins (IL-6, IL-1B, CD8A, TP53, and CXCL8) were collected by the PPI network. The TF–gene and TF–miRNA coregulatory networks were demonstrated by NetworkAnalyst. In the end, 10 potential chemical compounds were predicted.ConclusionThis study revealed common gene interaction networks of Long COVID and ME/CFS and predicted potential therapeutic drugs for clinical practice. Our findings help to identify the potential biological mechanism between Long COVID and ME/CFS. However, more laboratory and multicenter evidence is required to explore greater mechanistic insight before clinical application in the future.

Gastric cancer (GC) has a high incidence worldwide, and when detected, the majority of patients have already progressed to advanced stages. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a wide range of biological functions and affect tumor occurrence and development. However, the potential role of lncRNAs in GC diagnosis remains unclear. We selected five high-quality samples from each group of chronic non-atrophic gastritis, gastric mucosal intraepithelial neoplasia, and GC tissues for analysis. RNA-seq was used to screen the differentially expressed lncRNAs, and we identified 666 differentially expressed lncRNAs between the chronic non-atrophic gastritis and GC groups, 13 differentially expressed lncRNAs between the gastric mucosal intraepithelial neoplasia and GC groups, and 507 differentially expressed lncRNAs between the chronic non-atrophic gastritis and gastric mucosal intraepithelial neoplasia groups. We also identified six lncRNAs (lncRNA H19, LINC00895, lnc-SRGAP2C-16, lnc-HLA-C-2, lnc-APOC1-1, and lnc-B3GALT2-1) which not only differentially expressed between the chronic non-atrophic gastritis and GC groups, but also differentially expressed between the gastric mucosal intraepithelial neoplasia and GC groups. Furthermore, RT-qPCR was used to verify the differentially co-expressed lncRNAs. LncSEA was used to conduct a functional analysis of differentially expressed lncRNAs. We also predicted the target mRNAs of the differentially expressed lncRNAs through bioinformatics analysis and analyzed targeting correlations between three differentially co-expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs (lncRNA H19, LINC00895, and lnc-SRGAP2C-16). Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases were used to explore the functions of target mRNAs of differentially expressed lncRNAs. In conclusion, our study provides a novel perspective on the potential functions of differentially expressed lncRNAs in GC occurrence and development, indicating that the differentially expressed lncRNAs might be new biomarkers for early GC diagnosis.

BackgroundEndolymphatic hydrops (EH) is considered as the pathological correlate of Menière’s disease (MD) and cause of hearing loss. The mechanism of EH, remaining unrevealed, poses challenges for formalized clinical trials.ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the development of hearing loss, as well as the effect of dehydration treatment on EH animal models.MethodsIn this study, different severity EH animal models were created. The laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) and auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were used to study the effects of EH and the dehydration effects of mannitol. The LDV was used to measure the vibration of the round window membrane (RWM) reflecting the changes in inner ear impedance. ABR was used to evaluate the hearing changes. Furthermore, tissue section and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations were used to analyze the anatomical change to the cochlea and outer hair cells.ResultsThe RWM vibrations decreased with the severity of EH, indicating an increase in the cochlear impedance. The dehydration therapy lowered the impedance to restore acoustic transduction in EH 10- and 20-day animal models. Simultaneously, the ABR thresholds increased in EH models and were restored after dehydration. Moreover, a difference in the hearing was found between ABR and LDV results in severe EH animal models, and the dehydration therapy was less effective, indicating a sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL).ConclusionEndolymphatic hydrops causes hearing loss by increasing the cochlear impedance in all tested groups, and mannitol dehydration is an effective therapy to restore hearing. However, SNHL occurs for the EH 30-day animal models, limiting the effectiveness of dehydration. Our results suggest the use of dehydrating agents in the early stage of EH.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) process is characterized classically by two hallmark pathologies: β-amyloid (Aβ) plaque deposition and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau. Aβ peptides play an important role in AD, but despite much effort the molecular mechanisms of how Aβ contributes to AD remain unclear. The present study evaluated the effects of the active components of Epimedium, Astragalus and Radix Puerariae induced HAMP on key enzymes in the hydrolysis of APP in HT22 cells. The active components of Epimedium, Astragalus and Radix Puerariae could effectively up-regulate the expression of HAMP, alleviate the iron overload in the brain tissues of mice, significantly improve the learning and memory ability of AD, down-regulate the expression of Aβ and reduce the deposition of SP in an APPswe/PS1ΔE9 transgenic mouse model of AD. HAMP and Aβ25–35 induced HT22 cells are used as AD cell models in this study to investigate the effect of the compound consisting of the effective components of Epimedium, Astragalus and Pueraria on the key enzymes in the hydrolysis of APP. After the administration of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the expression levels of ADAM10 and ADAM17 were increased while the expression level of BACE1 decreased. This indicates that TCM can promote the expression level of ADAM10 and ADAM17, inhibit the expression level of BACE1, thus further inhibiting the production of amyloid protein and reducing the production of Aβ and SP. Compared with RNAi group, the expression level of ADAM10 and ADAM17 in Aβ + RNAi group was decreased while the expression level of BACE1 increased. Compared with the Aβ + RNAi group the expression level of ADAM10 and ADAM17 in the Aβ + RNAi + TCM group was increased while the expression level of BACE1 was decreased. The present study indicated the effects of the active components of Epimedium, Astragalus and Radix Puerariae may alleviate AD by up-regulating the expression of HAMP, thus reducing brain iron overload, promoting the expression of ADAM10 and ADAM17, inhibiting the expression of BACE1, and reducing the deposition of Aβ.

Various human motions yield stimuli from low-pressure (0–10 kPa) to high-pressure level (100–300 kPa). However, previous flexible pressure sensors are unable to detect various human motions from low to high-pressure stimuli, thus are unfavorable for the facile and integrated design of sensing system. Herein a novel flexible pressure sensor with a tunable and large pressure-detecting range is produced by simply infusing magnetic carboxyl iron particle (CIP)/silicone resin into carbon sponge (CS). Attributed to the magnetorheological effect, the upper pressure-detecting limit of the CS/CIP/silicone sensor in a frequency of 0.01–5 Hz is significantly increased from 180 to 330 kPa in the presence of magnetic field, while a lower pressure-detecting limit of 70 Pa is obtained in the absence of magnetic field, thus covering the whole pressure-detecting range for various human activities. The CS/CIP/silicone sensor in monitoring various human motions with low to high-pressure stimuli is demonstrated by recording breathing, arm movement, walking, lifting and grasping, consecutively. Characterized by high flexibility, low cost and easy manufacturing, the current strategy is highly provoking for the development of pressure sensors adapted to human motions of different pressure levels in a wide range.

Characterized by low cost, flame resistance and mild processing procedure, freeze-dried clay aerogel is an ideal alternative for thermal insulation in building sector. However, the negatively charged surface of clay platelet and high freezing rate require the addition of a high amount of polymer to ensure the integrity of aerogel during freezing stage, which inevitably increases the density as well as the thermal conductivity of aerogel. Herein, we reported a green and versatile strategy to fabricate crack-free yet thermal insulative aerogel by introducing cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) into starch/clay system. Owing to the abundant hydroxyl groups, high aspect ratio and excellent mechanical strength of CNFs, the CNF/starch/clay aerogels prepared exhibit enhanced crack resistance and compressive strength, enabling the reduction of starch content from 4 to 2% while maintaining the integrity of aerogel in the process of freezing. As a result, the density and thermal conductivity of aerogel significantly decrease from 0.12 to 0.05 g/cm3 and 48.3 to 41.5 mW/mK respectively. Further crosslinked by glutaraldehyde, the CNF/starch/clay aerogels display improved moisture resistance, shape recovery and thermal stability. Being versatile and cost-effective, the present approach is thought-provoking for the up-scale production of freeze-dried clay aerogel for thermal insulation.

The commutation failure fault usually occurs in the line-commutated-converter-based high-voltage direct current transmission system. When commutation failure fault occurs, the voltage of sending alternate current (ac) system changes rapidly, and the connected doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind turbine may be tripped. Thus, the fault ride through (FRT) control strategy of DFIG should be investigated for enhancing the stability of the sending ac system. However, the voltage of the sending ac system during commutation failure is not changed in rectangular in shape, besides, the voltage presents the “first reduce then rise” characteristic, which is not considered in the existing FRT control strategies. In order to realize the continuous FRT of DFIG during commutation failure, the stator flux and electromotive force when the stator voltage changes continuously have been analyzed for the first time in this article. Furthermore, based on the analysis results, an improved continuous FRT control strategy is proposed. The simulation and experiment results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The proposed control strategy is not only suitable for the commutation failure condition, but also for the scenario with continuous voltage variation during grid fault, which indicates that the proposed method is general.

Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa has become one of global threat pathogens for human health due to insensitivity to antibiotics. Recently developed reprogramming metabolomics can identify biomarkers, and then, the biomarkers were used to revert the insensitivity and elevate antibiotic-mediated killing. Here, the methodology was used to study cefoperazone/sulbactam (SCF)-resistant P. aeruginosa (PA-RSCF) and identified reduced glycolysis and pyruvate cycle, a recent clarified cycle providing respiratory energy in bacteria, as the most key enriched pathways and the depressed glucose as one of the most crucial biomarkers. Further experiments showed that the depression of glucose was attributed to reduction of glucose transport. However, exogenous glucose reverted the reduction to elevate intracellular glucose via activating glucose transport. The elevated glucose fluxed to the glycolysis, pyruvate cycle, and electron transport chain to promote downstream proton motive force (PMF). Consistently, exogenous glucose did not promote SCF-mediated elimination but potentiated aminoglycosides-mediated killing since aminoglycosides uptake is PMF-dependent, where amikacin was the best one. The glucose-potentiated amikacin-mediated killing was effective to both lab-evolved PA-RSCF and clinical multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa. These results reveal the depressed glucose uptake causes the reduced intracellular glucose and expand the application of metabolome-reprogramming on selecting conventional antibiotics to achieve the best killing efficacy.

Compositional Zero-Shot Learning (CZSL) aims to recognize novel compositions using knowledge learned from seen attribute-object compositions in the training set. Previous works mainly project an image and a composition into a common embedding space to measure their compatibility score. However, both attributes and objects share the visual representations learned above, leading the model to exploit spurious correlations and bias towards seen pairs. Instead, we reconsider CZSL as an out-of-distribution generalization problem. If an object is treated as a domain, we can learn object-invariant features to recognize the attributes attached to any object reliably. Similarly, attribute-invariant features can also be learned when recognizing the objects with attributes as domains. Specifically, we propose an invariant feature learning framework to align different domains at the representation and gradient levels to capture the intrinsic characteristics associated with the tasks. Experiments on two CZSL benchmarks demonstrate that the proposed method significantly outperforms the previous state-of-the-art.

Additional file 8: Figure S3. Synteny analysis of CBL and CIPK genes among four allelic chromosomes in M. sativa spp. sativa. CBL genes are in red, and CIPK genes are in gray. Red lines represent the collinearity of duplicated CBL genes, and gray lines indicate the collinearity of duplicated CIPK genes. Four sets of chromosomes in chromosome circles are represented by four different colors, light green for the first set of chromosomes (MsaX.1), light blue for the second set of chromosomes (MsaX.2), pick for the third set of chromosomes (MsaX.3), and orange for the fourth set of chromosomes (MsaX.4). MsaX indicates chromosome 1 to 8.

Additional file 3: Fig. S3. The gene ontology enrichment of biased homeologs in the leaf sub-genome B.

Additional file 1: Table S1. DeLong test, NRI and IDI for assessing the contributions of different biomarkers for non-recovery prediction when combining with clinical model. Table S2. Baseline characteristics between AKI patients with and without renal recovery in the validation cohort. Table S3. Biomarkers for predicting non-recovery in patients with AKI stage 1. Table S4. Biomarkers for predicting non-recovery in patients with AKI stage 2-3.

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Interleukin-24 had no significant effect on proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle in BEAS-2B cells. (a) The effect of IL-24 on the cell viability of BEAS-2B cells was evaluated by CCK-8 assay followed by stimulation with different concentrations of IL-24 (0.1-100 ng/ml) for 24 h (n=5 wells / group). (b) The cells were stained with calcein AM and PI solution after treatment with 100 ng/ml IL-24 for 24 h. The green color indicates the live cells, and the red color represents the PI-positive nuclei. Scale bar=100 μm (×200). (c and d) After incubation with 10 or 100 ng/ml IL-24 for 24 h, flow cytometry was carried out to examine the cell apoptosis ratio. (e and f) The percentages of G0/G1, S and G2/M status were analyzed by flow cytometry after 10 or 100 ng/ml IL-24 treatment for 24 h. Bar diagrams and data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) from three replicate experiments. ns, no significant differences. Fig. S2. The effect of IL-24 and IL-37 on migration ability in BEAS-2B cells. (a) The effect of IL-24 on the migration of BEAS-2B cells was determined by wound healing assay. After stimulation with 100 ng/ml IL-24, scratches were captured at 0, 12 and 24 h. Scale bar=100 μm (×100). (b) Quantification of the wound healing assay showed the relative percentage of wound closure area. (c) The effect of IL-24 with or without IL-37 on the migration of BEAS-2B cells were evaluated by wound healing assay. After stimulation with 100 ng/ml IL-24 with or without 100 ng/ml IL-37, the scratches were captured at 0, 12 and 24 h. Scale bar=100 μm (×100). (d) Quantification of wound healing assay showed the percentage of wound closure area. Bar diagrams and data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) from three replicate experiments. * vs. control group; # vs. IL-24 group. *, #P < 0.05; **, ##P < 0.01; ***, ###P < 0.001.

Additional file 11: Figure S6. Expression of CBL genes in roots of M. sativa spp. sativa when exposed to salt and drought stress.

Additional file 12: Figure S7. Expression of CIPK genes in roots of M. sativa spp. sativa when exposed to salt and drought stress.

Additional file 3: Figure S1. Chromosomal localization of the CBL and CIPK genes in M. sativa spp. sativa.

Additional file 5: Fig. S5. The gene ontology enrichment of biased homeologs in the root sub-genome B.

Additional file 9: Figure S4. Expression of CBL genes in different tissues from M. sativa spp. sativa.

Additional file 4: Fig. S4. The gene ontology enrichment of biased homeologs in the root sub-genome A.

Additional file 2: Fig. S2. The gene ontology enrichment of biased homeologs in the leaf sub-genome A.

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Proteome sequencing results of leaf and root tissues by the tandem mass tag technology. A. The protein contaminant information during proteome sequencing. B. The number of missed cleavages. C. The peptide length. D. The distribution of mass deviation. E. The number of non-detected proteins. F. The protein abundance correlation across biological replications.

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. The quantification of apoptotic cells and the density of the western blot bands in Fig. 1. Fig. S2. TOD inhibited the expression of inflammatory and catabolic mediators in IL-1�� induced chondrocytes. Fig. S3. TOD suppressed Ctr expression during osteoclastogenesis in vitro.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Hydrogen bonds connected water molecules and scheme of point charge arrangements (PCA) for 1×, 3×, 4×, and 5×.