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Aiming at the problems of difficult charging, long waiting time and energy loss of IoEV (Internet of electric vehicles) during peak charging period, we design a V2V (vehicle to vehicle) energy trading model to simulate the energy trading process. Considering the problems of malicious node attacks and privacy protection, we combine the V2V energy transaction model with a federated chain and explore a distributed ledger to record the V2V energy transaction process. In addition, we design a credibility mechanism to initialize nodes according to their comprehensive strength and select master nodes based on their behavioral performance of participating in consensus, which ensures the reliability of the consensus. Based on this, we propose a more efficient and promising consensus algorithm SV-PBFT (shapley value-PBFT), which simplifies the consensus process, reduces the communication overhead, and improves the consensus efficiency. The SV-PBFT consensus algorithm is used to replace the traditional consensus algorithm in V2V energy trading. The proposed SV-PBFT algorithm is validated by extensive simulation experiments, and numerical results are provided to confirm the good performance of SV-PBFT in V2V energy trading models. &nbsp

IntroductionTP73 was recently identified as a novel causative gene for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We aimed to determine the contribution of variations in TP73 in the Chinese ALS population and to further explore the genotype-phenotype correlations.MethodsWe screened rare, putative pathogenic TP73 mutations in a large Chinese ALS cohort and performed association analysis of both rare and common TP73 variations between cases and controls.ResultsOf the 985 ALS patients studied, six rare, heterozygous putative pathogenic variants in TP73 were identified among six unrelated sALS patients. Exon 14 of TP73 might be a mutant hotspot in our cohort. Patients with ALS with only rare, putative pathogenic TP73 mutations exhibited a characteristic clinical profile. Patients harboring multiple mutations in TP73 and other ALS-related genes displayed a significantly earlier onset of ALS. Association analysis revealed that rare TP73 variants in the untranslated regions (UTRs) were enriched among ALS patients; meanwhile, two common variants in the exon-intron boundary were discovered to be associated with ALS.DiscussionWe demonstrate that TP73 variations also have contributed to ALS in the Asian population and broaden the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of TP73 variants in the ALS-frontotemporal dementia (FTD) spectrum. Furthermore, our findings first suggest that TP73 is not only a causative gene, but also exerts a disease-modifying effect. These results may contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of ALS.

IntroductionWith the population aging, osteoporosis has become a major public health concern. Elevated oxidative stress is a vital detrimental factor for bone health. Compared to common oxidative stress-related biomarkers, Fluorescent Oxidation Products (FlOPs) reflect the global levels of oxidation from proteins, lipids, and DNA. Nevertheless, whether plasma FlOP levels are related to bone health measured by Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is unclear. Thus, the present study examined the association between FlOPs and QUS parameters in middle-aged and elderly adults.MethodsThis community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Changchun, northeast China. Plasma FlOPs were determined by a fluorescent microplate reader at a wavelength of 320/420 nm (excitation/emission). QUS parameters [speed of sound (SOS) and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA)] of the calcaneus were assessed by an ultrasound bone densitometer. We used multivariable linear regression to examine the association between FlOPs and QUS parameters.ResultsA total of 491 subjects were included in this study. Their average age was 65.2 years (standard deviation [SD]: 9.7 years). FlOPs were inversely associated with SOS (β for an increase of logarithmic interquartile range = −10.64; P = 0.018). Higher FlOP levels were marginally associated with lower SOS in females (β for an increase of logarithmic interquartile range = −9.68, P = 0.066), but not in males (β for an increase of logarithmic interquartile range = −11.84, P = 0.131). No significant relationship between FlOPs and BUA was observed.ConclusionsPlasma FlOP levels were inversely associated with SOS, but not with BUA in middle-aged and elderly adults.

Additional file1: Table S1. The amount patients of the different departments and the HCV positive numbers.

In order to provide important realistic basis for standardizing, guiding and governing the guiding behavior of social sports instructors, the measuring tools of psychological expectation were compiled. According to the survey data of 285 social sports instructors and 365 social sports instructors, project analysis, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were carried out, and reliability and validity tests were conducted. The results are as follows: (1) the social sports instructors psychological contract scale by the growth and development, belonging and identity and norms and guidelines of three dimensions, 36 projects, divided into organizational responsibility subscales (growth liability, ownership, standard responsibility) and personal responsibility subscales (development rule of liability, recognition and responsibility) two subscales. (2) The Cronbach's Alpha value of organizational responsibility scale was 0.927 and KMO was 0.904 (P 0.8, CFI < 0.9, RMSEA < 0.8; the structure and data fit well and meet the requirements of psychological test. (3) It is consistent with the realistic, conditional exchange and development-oriented dimensions of the authoritative psychological contract research contents at home and abroad, and reflects the group characteristics of social sports instructors in the expressions and specific items. Individual responsibility is greater than organizational responsibility; Organizational norms and personal norms have the highest expectation of responsibility; the pursuit of growth and development is greater than belonging identification. The psychological contract scale for social sports instructors has a reasonable structure, good reliability and validity, and reflects the value pursuit of the group. It is an ideal evaluation tool for studying the psychological contract of social sports instructors.

The linguistic artificial intelligence teaching model can be assisted by the intelligent speech recognition model. The traditional speech recognition algorithm has certain problems, so it cannot effectively eliminate speech noise. Based on the advantages of the linguistics teaching model, this article combines the linguistics teaching model and the artificial intelligence model to build an artificial intelligence assisted teaching model that can be used for classroom teaching. Moreover, this study improves the traditional algorithm and constructs an artificial intelligence linguistics teaching model based on the improved algorithm. The filtering part of noise includes preliminary filtering of speech signals based on the short-term energy detection method, and further detection and recognition of preliminary filtering speech signals based on the artificial intelligence model detection method. After these two steps of filtering and recognition, the voice file is sent to the client for processing and control. In addition, this study set up a control experiment to analyze the performance of the model. The research results show that the algorithm in this paper has a certain effect.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Characteristics of participants according to WC categories. Table S2. Associations of average BMI and WC with risk of atrial fibrillation: Sensitivity analysis excluding outcome events within the first year of follow-up. Table S3. Associations of variability in BMI and WC with risk of atrial fibrillation: Sensitivity analysis excluding outcome events within the first year of follow-up. Table S4. Associations of average BMI and WC with risk of atrial fibrillation: Sensitivity analysis excluding the participants developing CVD during follow-up. Table S5. Associations of variability in BMI and WC with risk of atrial fibrillation: Sensitivity analysis excluding the participants developing CVD during follow-up. Table S6. Associations of variability in BMI and WC with risk of atrial fibrillation: Sensitivity analysis defining variability in BMI and WC using four measures. Table S7. Associations of average BMI and WC with risk of atrial fibrillation: Sensitivity analysis stratifying the analyses by diabetes status. Table S8. Associations of average BMI and WC with risk of atrial fibrillation: Competing risk analysis. Table S9. Associations of variability in BMI and WC with risk of atrial fibrillation: Competing risk analysis. Fig. S1. Correlation between body mass index and waist circumference. Fig. S2. Associations of BMI variability with risk of atrial fibrillation using restricted cubic spline regression models. Fig. S3. Associations of WC variability with risk of atrial fibrillation using restricted cubic spline regression models.

An artist's rendition of the T153I mutant Kir7.1 Channel by H. Adam Steinberg of artforscience.com

The widespread use of antibiotics has made the problem of bacterial resistance increasingly serious, and the study of new drug-resistant bacteria has become the main direction of antibacterial drug research. Among antibiotics, the fully synthetic oxazolidinone antibacterial drugs linezolid and tedizolid have been successfully marketed and have achieved good clinical treatment effects. Oxazolidinone antibacterial drugs have good pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics and unique antibacterial mechanisms, and resistant bacteria are sensitive to them. This Perspective focuses on reviewing oxazolidinones based on the structural modification of linezolid and new potential oxazolidinone drugs in the past 10 years, mainly describing their structure, antibacterial activity, safety, druggability, and so on, and discusses their structure-activity relationships, providing insight into the reasonable design of safer and more potent oxazolidinone antibacterial drugs.

Utilization of female livestock can be optimized by application of Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination (FTAI), which plays an important role in large-scale livestock production. However, molecular mechanism of FTAI affecting reproductive performance remains unclear. To investigate the effects of FTAI on corpus luteum in 16 and 25 days of pregnancy gilts, 12 pregnancy gilts were selected from Altrenogest + PMSG + GnRH (APG) group and control group. The number of left and right CL in APG group were significantly higher than control (

Background Syringa microphylla Diels is a plant in the family Syringa Linn. For hundreds of years, its flowers and leaves have been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of cough, inflammation, colds, sore throat, acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, early liver cirrhosis, fatty liver, and oesophageal cancer. Purpose For the first time, we have comprehensively reviewed information on Syringa microphylla Diels that is not included in the Pharmacopoeia, clarified the pharmacological mechanisms of Syringa microphylla Diels and its active ingredients from a molecular biology perspective, compiled in vivo and in vitro animal experimental data and clinical data, and summarized the toxicology and pharmacokinetics of Syringa microphylla Diels. The progress in toxicology research is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new drugs from Syringa microphylla Diels, a natural source of compounds that are potentially beneficial to human health. Methods The PubMed, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Web of Science, SciFinder Scholar and Thomson Reuters databases were utilized to conduct a comprehensive search of published literature as of July 2021 to find original literature related to Syringa microphylla Diels and its active ingredients. Results To date, 72 compounds have been isolated and identified from Syringa microphylla Diels, and oleuropein, verbascoside, isoacteoside, echinacoside, forsythoside B, and eleutheroside B are the main active components. These compounds have antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects, and their safety and effectiveness have been demonstrated in long-term traditional applications. Molecular pharmacology experiments have indicated that the active ingredients of Syringa microphylla Diels exert their pharmacological effects in various ways, primarily by reducing oxidative stress damage via Nrf2/ARE pathway regulation, regulating inflammatory factors and inducing apoptosis through the MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Conclusion This comprehensive review of Syringa microphylla Diels provides new insights into the correlations among molecular mechanisms, the importance of toxicology and pharmacokinetics, and potential ways to address the limitations of current research. As Syringa microphylla Diels is a natural low-toxicity botanical medicine, it is worthy of development and utilization and is an excellent choice for treating various diseases.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Multivariable linear regression analysis* of the associations between lipid biomarkers and T-score of femoral neck and total hip bone mineral density (BMD). Table S2. Adjusted* odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for osteoporosis associated with abnormal lipid biomarkers. Table S3. Adjusted* odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for osteoporosis in women associated with lipid biomarkers (per standard deviation increase). Table S4. Adjusted* odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for osteoporosis associated with lipid biomarkers (per standard deviation increase) in patients with chronic disorders

All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) is effective for preventing cancer and treating skin diseases and acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL). These pharmacological effects of ATRA are mainly mediated by retinoid X receptors (RXRs) and retinoic acid receptors (RARs). This article provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical progress on and the molecular mechanisms of ATRA in the treatment of APL. ATRA can promote the transcriptional activation of differentiation-related genes and regulate autophagy by inhibiting mTOR, which results in anti-APL effects. In detail, the structures, pharmacological effects, and clinical studies of 68 types of ATRA analogues are described. These compounds have excellent antitumour therapeutic potential and could be used as lead compounds for further development and research.

To determine effects of timed artificial insemination (TAI) hormonal treatments on reproductive performance of gilts/sows and explore molecular mechanisms, gilts (TAI: 90; Control:149; Total: 239) and sows (TAI: 370; Control: 492) were utilized. Results indicated the estrus/farrowing rate and number of piglets born alive and weaned in the TAI group were greater than in the control group for both gilts and sows. To explore the molecular mechanism for TAI hormonal effects, the small RNA of the gilt endometrium at 16 and 25 of gestation were sampled and sequenced to determine potential functions of microRNA (MiRNA); 358 known and 142 novel MiRNAs were detected. With comparison of TAI and control groups, there were 54 differentially abundant MiRNAs, and functional analysis results indicated "binding," "protein/ion binding," and "immune response" were mostly enriched. In addition, representative MiRNAs were selected based on criteria including being regulated on both day 16 and 25 of gestation (ssc-miR-10a-5p, ssc-miR-345-5p, ssc-miR-370) along with reproduction-related target genes (ssc-miR-424-5p, ssc-miR-142-5p). Furthermore, target genes of selected MiRNAs were screened, and functional enrichment of those genes also indicated that the "binding" and "immune response" were mainly enriched. Results from the present study confirmed TAI-hormonal treatments improved estrous/farrowing rate and number of piglets born alive/weaned of gilts/sows and that hormonal treatment regimens leading to behavioral estrus at timed artificial insemination in gilts results in microRNA patterns in the endometrium that are more supportive of pregnancy. Results contribute valuable information for future studies of effects of TAI hormonal treatments on pig reproductive performance.

为了探究核心企业在供应链中的重要作用,本文构建了以供应链核心企业领导力为自变量,企业质量绩效为因变量,供应链质量管理的三个维度——供应商质量管理、内部质量管理和顾客质量管理为中介变量的研究框架。以319家中国制造企业为调查对象,利用结构方程模型进行实证研究。研究发现供应链核心企业领导力与成员企业质量绩效的直接效应显著,且供应链核心企业领导力与质量绩效之间存在两条间接作用路径,即"供应链核心企业领导力—内部质量管理—质量绩效""供应链核心企业领导力—顾客质量管理—质量绩效",而供应商质量管理的中介作用不显著。 To explore the important role of focal enterprises in the supply chain,this paper uses the supply chain focal enterprise’s leadership as independent variable, enterprise quality performance as dependent variable,and three demensions of supply chain quality management( supplier quality management,internal quality management and customer quality management)as mediating variable to build the research framwork. With the data from a sample of 319 Chinese manufacturing enterprises,the structural equation model is used to carry out this empirical research. The results suggest that the focal enterprise’s leadership has a significant effect on member enterprise’s quality performance in supply chain,and there are two indirect paths between focal enterprise’s leadership and quality performance,that is: focal enterprise’s leadership —internal quality management — quality performance,focal enterprise’s leadership — customer quality management — quality performance, while the mediating role of supplier quality management is not significant.

This review fully describes the coronavirus 3CLpro peptidomimetic inhibitors and nonpeptidic small molecule inhibitors developed from 2010 to 2020. Specifically, the structural characteristics, binding modes and SARs of these 3CLpro inhibitors are expounded in detail by division into two categories: peptidomimetic inhibitors mainly utilize electrophilic warhead groups to covalently bind the 3CLpro Cys145 residue and thereby achieve irreversible inhibition effects, whereas nonpeptidic small molecule inhibitors mainly interact with residues in the S1', S1, S2 and S4 pockets via hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic bonds and van der Waals forces. Based on the emerging PROTAC technology and the existing 3CLpro inhibitors, 3CLpro PROTAC degraders are hypothesised to be next-generation anti-coronavirus drugs.

BACKGROUND The diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer can result in an array of late cancer-specific side effects and changes in general well-being. Research has focused on white samples, limiting our understanding of the unique health-related quality of life outcomes of African American breast cancer survivors (BCSs). Even when African American BCSs have been targeted, research is limited by small samples and failure to include comparisons of peers without a history of breast cancer. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare health-related quality of life of African American female BCSs with that of African American women with no history of breast cancer (control group). METHODS A total of 140 women (62 BCSs and 78 controls), 18 years or older and 2 to 10 years postdiagnosis, were recruited from a breast cancer clinic and cancer support groups. Participants provided informed consent and completed a 1-time survey based on the proximal-distal health-related quality of life model of Brenner et al (1995). RESULTS After adjusting for age, education, income, and body mass index, results show that African American BCSs experienced more fatigue (P = .001), worse hot flashes (P < .001), and worse sleep quality (P < .001) but more social support from their partner (P = .028) and more positive change (P = .001) compared with African American female controls. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that African American female BCSs may experience unique health-related outcomes that transcend age, education, socioeconomic status, and body mass index. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Findings suggest the importance of understanding the survivorship experience for particular racial and ethnic subgroups to proactively assess difficulties and plan interventions.

Tailored, interactive mammography-promotion interventions can increase adherence if women are exposed to and find them usable. We compare exposure to and usability of interventions delivered via telephone vs. DVD.Process evaluation measures from 926 women randomly assigned to telephone or DVD intervention and completing post-intervention surveys.∼83% of each group reported exposure to all content. Partial exposure was higher for DVD (9% vs. 0.4%; p.01); no exposure was higher for phone (15% vs. 8%; p.01). There were no differences in exposure by age or race. Full phone exposure was less likely for women who already made mammography appointments. Usability rating was higher for DVD (p.05), driven by ratings of understandability and length. Usability of both interventions was correlated with lower baseline barriers, and higher fear, benefits, and self efficacy. Higher ratings for phone were associated with lower knowledge and contemplating mammography. Non-whites rated DVD better than whites.Both tailored interactive interventions had wide reach and favorable ratings, but DVD recipients had greatest exposure to at least partial content and more favorable ratings, especially among non-white women.This first evaluation of a tailored, interactive DVD provides promise for its use in mammography promotion.

A β-galactosidase gene from Aspergillus oryzae was engineered utilizing codon usage optimization to be constitutively and highly expressed in the Pichia pastoris SMD1168H strain in a high-cell-density fermentation. After fermentation for 96 h in a 50-L fermentor using glucose and glycerol as combined carbon sources, the recombinant enzyme in the culture supernatant had an activity of 4,239.07 U mL(-1) with o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside as the substrate, and produced a total of extracellular protein content of 7.267 g L(-1) in which the target protein (6.24 g L(-1)) occupied approximately 86 %. The recombinant β-galactosidase exhibited an excellent lactose hydrolysis ability. With 1,000 U of the enzyme in 100 mL milk, 92.44 % lactose was degraded within 24 h at 60 °C, and the enzyme could also accomplish the hydrolysis at low temperatures of 37, 25, and 10 °C. Thus, this engineered strain had significantly higher fermentation level of A. oryzae lactase than that before optimization and the β-galactosidase may have a good application potential in whey and milk industries.