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Supplementary Material 2

Supplementary Material 2

Supplementary Material 1

As a new carbon allotrope, graphdiyne(GDY) has shown intensive practical application prospects in the energy field, catalysis, gas separation, etc., due to its unique 2D π-conjugated structure, rich sp-hybridized carbon atoms and semiconductor characteristics. Considerable efforts have been made to the development of well-defined GDY materials in recent years. The doping heteroatoms can further tune the structures, semiconductor properties of GDY, and expand the promising applications. This review summarized a comprehensive development of heteroatom doped GDYs, including their synthesis, structures, properties, applications in nanotechnology, as well as the forecast in the future.

A carbon–carbon-linked, ultrathin, two-dimensional (2D) polymer film was prepared at the air/water interface through photochemically triggered [2 + 2] cycloaddition. The preorganization of the monomers on the water surface and the subsequent photo-polymerization led to the successful preparation of the ultrathin 2D polymer film. The obtained film is continuous, free standing, and has a large area (over 50 μm2). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) give clear evidence of the ultrathin film morphology. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicate successful photo-induced [2 + 2] polymerization.

Schizophrenia occurs in about one in four individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). The aim of this International Brain and Behavior 22q11.2DS Consortium (IBBC) study was to identify genetic factors that contribute to schizophrenia, in addition to the ~20-fold increased risk conveyed by the 22q11.2 deletion. Using whole-genome sequencing data from 519 unrelated individuals with 22q11.2DS, we conducted genome-wide comparisons of common and rare variants between those with schizophrenia and those with no psychotic disorder at age ≥25 years. Available microarray data enabled direct comparison of polygenic risk for schizophrenia between 22q11.2DS and independent population samples with no 22q11.2 deletion, with and without schizophrenia (total n = 35,182). Polygenic risk for schizophrenia within 22q11.2DS was significantly greater for those with schizophrenia (padj = 6.73 × 10-6). Novel reciprocal case-control comparisons between the 22q11.2DS and population-based cohorts showed that polygenic risk score was significantly greater in individuals with psychotic illness, regardless of the presence of the 22q11.2 deletion. Within the 22q11.2DS cohort, results of gene-set analyses showed some support for rare variants affecting synaptic genes. No common or rare variants within the 22q11.2 deletion region were significantly associated with schizophrenia. These findings suggest that in addition to the deletion conferring a greatly increased risk to schizophrenia, the risk is higher when the 22q11.2 deletion and common polygenic risk factors that contribute to schizophrenia in the general population are both present.

Additional file 1. Fig. 1. DNA sequence analysis of sTNFRII-Fc gene. (A) DNA sequence analysis of homo sTNFRII. (B) DNA sequence analysis of Fc domain of human IgG1. (C) Blast of sTNFRII-Fc with PrimeSTAR® HS DNA polymerase. (D) Representative pictures of sTNFRII-Fc gene. DNA Ladder (from top to bottom, 5 kb, 3 kb, 2 kb, 1.5 kb, 1 kb, 750 bp, 500 bp, 250 bp, 100 bp). sTNFRII-Fc gene was indicated by a red arrow; Fig. 2. The transfection efficiency of UC-MSCs was verified by flow cytometry (n = 5); Fig. 3. The gating strategies for flow cytometry detecting T- and B-cell subsets in spleen of CIA mice. (A) Th1: CD4+IFN-γ+. (B) Th2: CD4+IL-4+. (C) Th17: CD4+IL-17+. (D) Treg: CD4+CD25+Foxp3+. (E) Tfh: CD4+CXCR5+PD-1+. (F) plasma cells: CD19−CD138+. (G) Breg: CD19+IL-10+; Fig. 4. Transplantation of sTNFRII-MSC regulates the production of matrix degrading enzyme in ankle synovium of CIA mice. (A) Immunohistochemical staining of ADAMTS-5, MMP-13 and TIMP-1 in synovium of ankle joints from normal, CIA mice and mice treated with sTNFRII-MSC. The positive staining for ADAMTS-5 (B), MMP-13 (C) and TIMP-1 (D) was averaged. (E) The ratio of MMP-13/TIMP-1 in synovium of ankle joints from CIA mice was analyzed; Fig. 5. TNF-α + CHX induces apoptosis and autophagy in MSCs. MSCs were treated with TNF-α + CHX for 6, 12, and 24 h. (A) Time-course analysis of apoptosis of MSCs by Annexin V-FITC and PI-PE staining, and analyzed by flow cytometry. (B) The percentage of apoptotic cells were calculated in (A). (C) The expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8, cleaved caspase-8, LC3B-II and TRIB3 were assessed by western blot. (D) Densitometry quantification of western blot from (C). The intensity of each was normalized to β-actin intensity.

Zhu, Y.; Zhao, J.; Zhao, Y., and Shou, Y., 2020. Numerical model research on the oil spill in channel of anchorage outside Pearl River estuary. In: Liu, X. and Zhao, L. (eds.), Today's Modern Coastal Society: Technical and Sociological Aspects of Coastal Research. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 111, pp. 130–139. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.The development of the port in the Pearl River estuary has become one of the busiest areas in China. The increase in the number of navigable ships has also increased the probability of collisions, such as collisions in the outer anchorage of the Pearl River estuary. An oil spill model in the channel of Pearl River estuary was established based on the tidal current field to keep track of oil spill trajectory using the Lagrange method. The results show that, after the oil spill accident, the sweeping range and drift trajectory of the oil film are affected by the current, but the viscous effect of the wind will affect the final direction and trend of the oil film, and under unfavourable wind conditions, the role of wind will accelerate the impact of oil film on environmentally sensitive targets in the waters around the Zhujing River estuary.

Gas hydrates that occur in offshore sediments and onshore permafrost represent a vast source of natural gas. However, current gas production trials indicate that sand production, which refers to the migration of sand into boreholes is an obstacle for long-term safe and efficient gas production from gas hydrate reservoirs. Therefore, understanding sand production behaviors during hydrate mining is especially important. In this study, we conducted laboratory-scale tests to investigate the effect of hydrate saturation and overlying stress on the sand production behaviors of hydrate-bearing sediments with a sand screen before, during, and after hydrate dissociation by depressurization. The synthesized methane hydrate saturations and simulated overlying stresses were ~20%, ~30%, ~40%, ~50%, and ~60% and ~11, ~12, ~13, ~14, and ~15 MPa, respectively. The experimental results indicate that sand production before hydrate dissociation is relatively minor and primarily silty. The amount of sand produced increases and silt, fine sand, and medium sand were observed during and after hydrate dissociation. The mass of sand production increases as hydrate saturation increases under constant overlying stress; however, under constant hydrate saturation, it increases then decreases as overlying stress increases. Friction among particles may become the primary control factor once the overlying stress exceeds a critical value. We considered hydrate saturation and overlying stress to establish a sand production prediction model. Our findings help understand sand production behavior using sand screens during gas production from hydrate reservoirs and provide a reference for sand production control design in future hydrate mining.

Power distribution Internet of Things terminal equipment is vulnerable to multiple security threats, such as identity disguise, information theft, data tampering. Traditional security methods cannot resist internal network attacks from compromised terminals. The trust evaluation system is an effective mechanism to protect power distribution IoT terminals from internal attacks. This paper proposes a trust evaluation method based on information entropy for the trust problem of power distribution Internet of Things communication terminal. First, the direct trust value is estimated by the model based on the reputation of exponential distribution, and then the direct trust value is updated by the sliding window and forgetting factor. According to the entropy theory, the uncertainty of the direct trust value is measured, and the indirect trust value is introduced to make up for the inaccuracy of the direct trust judgment, and the judgment accuracy is improved through the comprehensive evaluation of the direct trust value and indirect trust value. Experimental simulations show that the method in this paper can effectively resist switch attacks and collusion attacks. At the same time, the method proposed in this paper can better evaluate malicious and normal terminals than binomial trust management and trust evaluation based on beta distribution.

With the development of computer vision, more and more scenes are applied to solve problems by computer vision technology. The paper achieve the identification and positioning of the stage personnel. Our method obtains the joint points of the stage personnel through the OpenPose. Then the method selects the ROI area (i.e. the region of interest) that is worn on the stage staff. In order to identify the diffident individuals in stage personnel, this paper uses infrared light and a special reflective material with identity identification, which can reflect the infrared ray along the original direction to improve the effect of character segmentation significantly. Finally, the computer stereo vision is used to position the targets. The experimental results show that the method presented in this paper has high accuracy and precision.

There are three steps to establish the visualization simulation platform of low-voltage power line carrier communication system. Firstly, we establish the MARLAB/Simulink simulation platform to simulate low-voltage power line carrier communication system. The simulation platform bases on the analysis of power line channel characteristics and take the multipath channel transmission model of M.Zimmermann and K.Dostert. Then, we actually measure a large of noise, and the collected data of noise is made of MAT file. We use the SIMULINK's From File model to set up the noise simulation model based on the analysis of noise characteristics. Lastly, through the parameters of channel and simulation are inputted in the designing GUI interface in order to control the process of system simulation, we realize the visualization of system simulation based on the object-oriented thought. Based on setting up the platform, it is proof that using the adaptive OFDM technology can overcome the frequency-selective fading characteristics of power line channel transmission, enhance the system's anti-interference capability and realize the reliable high-speed data communication.

There are characteristics of high noise, big attenuation, the big impedance variation and the uneven frequency response on low-voltage power line channel. Firstly, this paper proposes the combination the adaptive technology with the OFDM technology to realize the reliable and high-speed data transmission channel. It is a key to study the channel estimation of the OFDM technology and the channel allocation of the adaptive technology. Then, we put forward to the algorithm of comb-type pilots Unscented Kalman Filter, and we use the time-frequency domain estimation algorithm to improve the channel estimation accuracy. Lastly, we take the improving particle swarm algorithm to solve the problem of the channel allocation and the bit allocation, realize the sub-carrier bits and the power allocation in multiuser adaptive OFDM system, save running time, reduce the transmitted power and enhancing the efficiency of spectrum.

This paper proposes that we can improve the accuracy of the distance between ZigBee with the algorithm of BP neural network. Firstly, we analyze the wireless signaling path loss model, the principle of measuring distance based on RSSI, and the algorithm of BP neural network fully. Secondly, we get the experimental data from the hardware platform of ZigBee. Finally, we use the algorithm of BP neural network to emulate and analyze the experimental data. Based on the results of the emulation and analysis, the maximum error of the distance prediction within 120m is 7.62%, with the prediction accuracy improved significantly.

Objective Spike and fragmented potentials have been documented in electrograms recorded at successful ablation sites in patients undergoing ablation for idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias from the aortic sinus cusp (ASC-IVAs) clinically. The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of these abnormal potentials in predicting target site of ASC-IVAs. Methods Twenty-nine Patients with ASC-IVAs and ten control subjects were studied. Electroanatomical mapping was performed in RVOT and ASC during IVAs/sinus rhythm. The presystolic potential preceding the QRS complex during VAs were considered as pre-potential (PP), and late potential (LP) were fragment potential following the QRS complex during sinus rhythm before and after ablation. The characteristics of both of them were analysed between IVAs group and control group. Results The incidence of PP and LP, the interval between QRS and LP and the amplitude of PP and LP in IVAs group were significantly greater than those of controls (P Conclusions Although many patterns of abnormal potentials were recorded at the target site during ablation of ASC-IVAs, LP has greater significance for guiding ablation. The increased interval between QRS and LP might become a sensitive and specific maker for predicting successful ablation.

Objective The substrates of verapamil-sensitive idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia (ILVT) had been shown involving a slow conduction zone (SCZ) and posterior Purkinje network. However, the variation of these was not understood. The purpose was to investigate the variation of the left ventricular conduction system (LVCS) and markers of successful ablation. Methods Electroanatomical mapping was performed during sinus rhythm in 20 patients with ILVT and 20 control subjects with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. LVCS and SCZ were tagged and the anatomic aspects of them were investigated. Results According to the distribution of Purkinje potential, LVCS was distinguished into 3 types: 1: left bundle branch was divided into two discrete fascicles without interconnections; 2: was divided into three separate fascicles; 3: fanlike structure distribution over septum broadly. The length of left bundle branch and its fascicles in ILVT patients were slight longer than those of controls (P > 0.05). SCZ was located at inferoposterior septum in 17 patients with ILVT and 4 controls. The size of SCZ in the ILVT group was remarkably greater (P = 0.007) than those of the control group. Two SCZs were located at posterior and mid-septal in 2 patients, and inferior apical septum in 1 patient. At the crossover junction area with diastolic potential and Purkinje potential, with the size of 1.5 ± 0.4cm 2 , concealed entertainment and/or ablation were obtained successfully in all patients with patients. Conclusions The anatomy of LVCS and SCZ is variable in human subjects in particular those with ILVT. These variabilities suggest that the electrophysiological mechanism of ILVT is complex. While exact mechanism of reentry of ILVT was not confirmed because of the lack of the activation electroanatomic mapping, the crossover junction area with Purkinje potential and diastolic potential might be a marker of radiofrequency ablation of ILVT.

Objectives Spike and discrete potentials have been documented at optimal ablation site (OAS) in patients with idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias arising from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT-IVAs). However, characteristics of isolated diastolic potentials (IDPs) and its role in arrhythmogenesis were currently unknown in those patients. Methods Twenty-three consecutive patients with RVOT-IVAs and ten control subjects were studied. Electroanatomical mapping (EAM) was performed in RVOT during sinus rhythm. The discrete, low amplitude potentials separated from ventricular activations by an isoelectric segment and independent with P and T waves were defined as IDPs. The electrophysiological characteristics of IDPs and its relation to OAS were examined. Results IDPs were recorded in RVOT in all patients and in one control subject. The mean maximal amplitude of the IDPs was 0.3 ± 0.1mV. IDPs were mainly located in transitional-voltage zone (0.5–1.5mV), with the size of 1.5 ± 0.3cm 2 and mean distance from pulmonary valve of 1.4 ± 0.3cm. According to the interval between IDPs and ventricular activation, two patterns during sinus rhythm were distinguished at baseline: constant and automatic. Constant IDPs was characterised by decremental property. The OAS was within the IDPs area in 18 patients (78.3%) and was on the borderline of the IDPs area in the remaining 5 patients. There was no difference in these parameters between patients whose OAS was within or on the border (P > 0.05). Conclusions IDPs can be recorded in patients with RVOT-IVAs and the OAS was always located either within or on the border area of IDPs. While the precise mechanism of generation remains to be clarified, our observations indicate that IDPs may be related to the VAs origin/breakout. Mapping them might be a useful tool in guiding successful ablation in the RVOT-IVAs.

Background Multiple breakouts may present challenges during catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs, premature ventricular contractions, PVCs and/or nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, NSVT) arising from the right ventricular outflow tract septum (RVOT). Objective The purpose of this study was to clarify the breakout sites and origin site and investigate their electrophysiological characteristics in idiopathic VAs arising from the RVOT. Methods Nine patients occurred second PVCs with a different morphology after ablation of target PVCs were studied. Electroanatomical mapping (EAM) was performed in RVOT during sinus rhythm. Intracardiac electrograms of successful ablation site were evaluated by local activation time (LAT) and pace mapping (PM). Electroanatomical voltage mapping (EVM) was analysed after procedure. Results In all patients, target PVCs had narrower QRS duration than the second one (P = 0.001), the successful target site (Ts) had later LAT and worse template-matching (TM) score than the target site (Tt) of target PVCs which determined by LAT and PM (P Conclusions RVOT-VAs often shows multiple or deformation of QRS morphologies caused by multiple breakouts and a single origin, which may be explained by anisotropic conduction of the TVZ resulting from the complex histology characteristics of the RVOT.

A five-year cooperative research program has been carried out by China Institute for Radiation Protection and Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute to develop safety assessment methodology for disposal of low level radioactive waste. Migration behavior of radionuclides 3H and 85Sr through field tests, simulation tests in the laboratory and determination of distribution coefficients is discussed and analyzed in this paper. The results show that the retardation coefficients, Rd, from field tests are about 0.08−3.3 times those from simulation tests and Rd from batch tests are 1.1−44 times those from field tests for 85Sr and loess medium. It was observed from field tests that radionuclides moved mainly downward under artificial sprinkling and a part of them moved up besides downward under natural rain condition. In addition, it was discovered that the retardation coefficient, Rd , increases with velocity of unsaturated water flow, u, in the analysis.