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The purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence, severity, and factors associated with multidimensional fatigue in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed meningiomas.This cross-sectional study included 120 Chinese meningioma patients. Data were collected before surgery, including demographic, clinical, psychological, and sleep characteristics, as well as fatigue scores based on completion of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20). Mann-Whitney U tests, Kruskal-Wallis H tests, Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data.The results showed there was a high prevalence of severe fatigue for each dimension: general fatigue (33.3%), physical fatigue (27.5%), reduced activity (28.3%), reduced motivation (12.5%), mental fatigue (11.7%), and total fatigue (23.3%). Headache and anxiety were found to be associated with general fatigue. Depression was related with physical fatigue. The Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score and depression were associated with reduced activity. Depression and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score were correlated with reduced motivation, while the KPS score and anxiety were associated with mental fatigue. Importantly, comorbidity, the KPS score, headache, depression, sleep disturbances, and the ESS score remained strong correlates of total fatigue.Our findings indicate that newly diagnosed meningioma patients are affected by multidimensional fatigue. For patients with risk factors of fatigue, targeted interventions are advised to decrease fatigue and improve HRQoL.

Different from the true oyster (family Ostreidae), the molecular diversity of the gryphaeid oyster (family Gryphaeidae) has never been sufficiently investigated. In the present study, the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of Hyotissa sinensis was sequenced and compared with those of other ostreoids. The total length of H. sinensis mtDNA is 30,385 bp, encoding 12 protein-coding-genes (PCGs), 26 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. The nucleotide composition and codon usage preference of H. sinensis mtDNA is similar to that of H. hyotis within the same genus. On the other hand, the presence of three trnM and three trnL genes of H. sinensis was not detected neither in H. hyotis nor other ostroid species. Another unique character of H. sinensis mtDNA is that both rrnS and rrnL have a nearly identical duplication. The PCG order of H. sinensis is identical to H. hyotis and the two congener species also share an identical block of 12 tRNA genes. The tRNA rearrangements mostly happen in the region from Cox1 to Nad3, the same area where the duplicated genes are located. The rearrangements within Gryphaeidae could be explained by a "repeat-random loss model". Phylogenetic analyses revealed Gryphaeidae formed by H. sinensis + H. hyotis as sister to Ostreidae, whereas the phylogenetic relationship within the latter group remains unresolved. The present study indicated the mitogenomic diversity within Gryphaeidae and could also provide important data for future better understanding the gene order rearrangements within superfamily Ostreoidea.

Antimony (Sb), is thought to induce testicular toxicity, although this remains controversial. This study investigated the effects of Sb exposure during spermatogenesis in the Drosophila testis and the underlying transcriptional regulatory mechanism at single-cell resolution. Firstly, we found that flies exposed to Sb for 10 days led to dose-dependent reproductive toxicity during spermatogenesis. Protein expression and RNA levels were measured by immunofluorescence and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed to characterize testicular cell composition and identify the transcriptional regulatory network after Sb exposure in Drosophila testes. scRNA-seq analysis revealed that Sb exposure influenced various testicular cell populations, especially in GSCs_to_Early_Spermatogonia and Spermatids clusters. Importantly, carbon metabolism was involved in GSCs/early spermatogonia maintenance and positively related with SCP-Containing Proteins, S-LAPs, and Mst84D signatures. Moreover, Seminal Fluid Proteins, Mst57D, and Serpin signatures were highly positively correlated with spermatid maturation. Pseudotime trajectory analysis revealed three novel states for the complexity of germ cell differentiation, and many novel genes (e.g., Dup98B) were found to be expressed in state-biased manners during spermatogenesis. Collectively, this study indicates that Sb exposure negatively impacts GSC maintenance and spermatid elongation, damaging spermatogenesis homeostasis via multiple signatures in Drosophila testes and therefore supporting Sb-mediated testicular toxicity.

Nutritional status is presumed essential for healthy longevity. The city of Rugao in Jiangsu province recognized as a long-lived area on the coastal plain of China, with a higher proportion of centenarians than Chinese elsewhere or in the world at large. The nutritional status and related factors of centenarians in Rugao, along with muscle mass and activities of daily living (ADL) have been documented with a view to improved nutritional and health approaches to healthy ageing.A cross-sectional study was conducted in Rugao from April 2020 to December 2020. 116 local centenarians agreed to participate in the study. Nutritional status was evaluated by the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF), and ADL was assessed by the Barthel Index (BI). Anthropometric data (e.g., calf circumference) and body composition data (e.g., skeletal muscle mass) were collected as muscle mass variables.The age of centenarians ranged from 100 to 109 years. According to MNA-SF assessment, only 6 (5.2%) of 116 centenarians were malnourished, and 57 (49.1%) were at risk of malnutrition. Binary logistic regression results indicated that prealbumin, albumin, bean product consumption, and current exercise status were independent determinants of centenarians' nutritional status. Centenarians with poor nutritional status tended to have worse muscle mass and BI scores.Nearly half of the centenarians maintained normal nutritional status, insofar as muscle mass condition and function were concerned. Frequent bean product consumption and routine exercise were conducive to healthier centenarian nutritional status.

Background: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex joint consisting of the mandibular condyle, temporal articular surface, and articular disc. The functions of mastication, swallowing and articulation are accomplished by the movements of the TMJ. To date, the TMJ has been studied more extensively, but the study of the TMJ is limited by the type of TMJ cells, their differentiation, and their interrelationship during growth and development is unclear. The aim of this study is to establish a molecular cellular developmental atlas of the human TMJ by single-cell RNA sequencing, which will contribute to understanding and solving. Results: We performed a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of TMJ tissue from 3- and 4-month-old human embryos using single-cell RNA sequencing. A total of 15,624 cells were captured and the gene expression profiles of 15 cell populations in human TMJ were determined, including 14 known cell types and a previously unknown cell type named "transition state cells (TSCs)". Immunofluorescence assays confirmed that TSCs are not the same cell cluster as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Pseudotime trajectory and RNA velocity analysis showed that MSCs transformed into TSCs, and TSCs further differentiated into tenocytes, hypertrophic chondrocytes and osteoblasts. In addition, chondrocytes were detected only in 4-month-old human embryonic TMJ. Conclusions: Our study provides an atlas of the earlier cellular development of human embryonic TMJ tissue, which will contribute to a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of TMJ tissue during repair and ultimately help to solve clinical problems.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown chondroprotective effects in clinical models of osteoarthritis (OA). However, effects of MSC‐derived exosomes on OA remain unclear. The study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of exosomes from human bone marrow MSCs (BM‐MSCs) in alleviating OA. The anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) and destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery were performed on the knee joints of a rat OA model, followed by intra‐articular injection of BM‐MSCs or their exosomes. In addition, BM‐MSC‐derived exosomes were administrated to primary human chondrocytes to observe the functional and molecular alterations. Both of BM‐MSCs and BM‐MSC‐derived exosomes alleviated cartilage destruction and subchondral bone remodelling in OA rat model. Administration of BM‐MSCs and exosomes could reduce joint damage and restore the trabecular bone volume fraction, trabecular number and connectivity density of OA rats. In addition, in vitro assays showed that BM‐MSCs‐exosomes could maintain the chondrocyte phenotype by increasing collagen type II synthesis and inhibiting IL‐1β–induced senescence and apoptosis. Furthermore, exosomal lncRNA MEG‐3 also reduced the senescence and apoptosis of chondrocytes induced by IL‐1β, indicating that lncRNA MEG‐3 might partially account the anti‐OA effects of BM‐MSC exosomes. The exosomes from BM‐MSCs exerted beneficial therapeutic effects on OA by reducing the senescence and apoptosis of chondrocytes, suggesting that MSC‐derived exosomes might provide a candidate therapy for OA treatment.

Aging induces a series of immune related changes, which is called immunosenescence, playing important roles in many age-related diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases, tumors, cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases and coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). However, the mechanism of immunosenescence, the association with aging and successful aging, and the effects on diseases are not revealed obviously. In order to provide theoretical basis for preventing or controlling diseases effectively and achieve successful aging, we conducted the review and found that changes of aging-related phenotypes, deterioration of immune organ function and alterations of immune cell subsets participated in the process of immunosenescence, which had great effects on the occurrence and development of age-related diseases.

Pinctada fucata martensii and P. maxima are two main traditional pearl oyster species that can produce seawater pearls. Our previous study showed a higher clearance rate (CR) and growth performance in P. f. martensii than in P. maxima fed with Isochrysis galbana. In this study, the P. f. martensii and P. maxima juveniles of two sizes (large and small) were fed with six different microalgae diets [I. galbana (I), Platymonas subcordiformis (P), Chaetoceros muelleri I, I+P, I+C, and P+C] to evaluate the differences in growth, feeding, and metabolism between two pearl oyster species. After 60 d of the rearing period, P. f. martensii and P. maxima fed with mixed microalgae showed a significantly higher relative growth rate (RGR) than those fed with single microalgae (P< 0.05). The RGRs were significantly higher in P. f. martensii than those in P. maxima fed with the same diets (P< 0.05). The RGRs showed a decreasing tendency with the growth in both pearl oyster species. The CRs of pearl oysters fed with mixed microalgae were significantly higher than those fed with single microalgae (P< 0.05), and the CRs of P. f. martensii were significantly higher than those of P. maxima fed with the same diets (P< 0.05). Significantly lower respiration rates (RRs) were observed in small-size P. f. martensii groups fed with I, P, and I+P diets and all large P. f. martensii groups compared to P. maxima fed with the same diets (P< 0.05). Higher activities of amylase, cellulase, lipase, and pepsin in P. f. martensiiwere observed compared to P. maxima fed with the same diets at two sizes. The pepsin activities in P. maxima decreased with the growth, while there were no consistent pepsin activities of P. f. martensii with the growth. The carbonic anhydrase activities in P. maxima were significantly higher than those in P. f. martensii fed with the same diets (P< 0.05). The carbonic anhydrase activities were highest in the I+C diet group, followed by C+P and I+P, I, C, and P groups. Significant differences were observed among different diet groups in the same pearl oyster species (P< 0.05). Our results suggest that the lower CR and activities of digestive enzymes and higher RRs and activities of carbonic anhydrase may cause a lower growth rate of P. maxima compared to P. f. martensii.

Periodontitis is recognized as the major cause of tooth loss in adults, posing an adverse impact on systemic health. In periodontitis, excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the inflamed site culminates in periodontal destruction. In this study, a novel ROS-responsive drug delivery system based on polydopamine (PDA) functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles was developed for delivering minocycline hydrochloride (MH) to treat periodontitis. The outer PDA layer and the inner MH of the nanoparticles acted as ROS scavengers and anti-inflammatory agents, respectively. Under the synergistic action of PDA and MH, macrophages were polarized from the pro-inflammatory M1 to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. The in vitro experiments provided convincing evidence that PDA could scavenge ROS effectively, and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was attenuated and the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines was enhanced through M1 to M2 polarization of macrophages with the cooperation of MH. In addition, the results obtained from the periodontitis rat models demonstrated that the synergetic effect of PDA and MH prevented alveolar bone loss without causing any adverse effect. Taken together, the results from the present investigation provide a new strategy to remodel the inflammatory microenvironment by inducing the polarization of macrophages from M1 toward M2 state for the treatment of periodontitis.

The Gout Impact Scale (GIS) is a disease-specific health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) measurement for patients with gout. This study aimed to investigate the quality of life in Chinese patients with gout and potential risk factors for poorer HR-QoL by GIS.Adults with gout from February 2017 to February 2019 were invited to complete a questionnaire containing the GIS, social demographic characteristics, clinical information and gout-specific questions. Pearson/Spearman correlation and linear regression were used to analyze the data.A total of 413 patients were included in the analysis (mean age, 51.85 years; 96.4% male). The mean (SD) score of GIS total was 56.79 ± 15.45. Worse gout-specific HR-QoL was associated with anxiety (Gout-specific HR-QoL is impaired by social demographic and clinical characteristics, highlighting the importance of psychological factors (fatigue and depression) and patient-reported outcomes (patients' satisfaction and confidence in gout treatment). These findings suggest that more studies should focus on disease-specific HR-QoL.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) related single-nucleotide variations (SNVs), including single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and disease-related variations (DRVs) in miRNAs and miRNA-target binding sites, can affect miRNA functions and/or biogenesis, thus to impact on phenotypes. miRNASNP is a widely used database for miRNA-related SNPs and their effects. Here, we updated it to miRNASNP-v3 (http://bioinfo.life.hust.edu.cn/miRNASNP/) with tremendous number of SNVs and new features, especially the DRVs data. We analyzed the effects of 7 161 741 SNPs and 505 417 DRVs on 1897 pre-miRNAs (2630 mature miRNAs) and 3′UTRs of 18 152 genes. miRNASNP-v3 provides a one-stop resource for miRNA-related SNVs research with the following functions: (i) explore associations between miRNA-related SNPs/DRVs and diseases; (ii) browse the effects of SNPs/DRVs on miRNA-target binding; (iii) functional enrichment analysis of miRNA target gain/loss caused by SNPs/DRVs; (iv) investigate correlations between drug sensitivity and miRNA expression; (v) inquire expression profiles of miRNAs and their targets in cancers; (vi) browse the effects of SNPs/DRVs on pre-miRNA secondary structure changes; and (vii) predict the effects of user-defined variations on miRNA-target binding or pre-miRNA secondary structure. miRNASNP-v3 is a valuable and long-term supported resource in functional variation screening and miRNA function studies.

The authors have built a 2 kW/28.5 kJ superconducting flywheel energy storage system (SFESS) with a radial-type high-temperature superconducting bearing (HTSB). Its 3D dynamic electromagnetic behaviours were investigated based on the H -method, showing the non-uniform electromagnetic force due to unevenly distributed induced current may cause the superconducting magnet stator of the HTSB cracks. As the SFESS discharges, the amplitude and frequency of the discharge voltage decrease with speed, dropping by 55 and 58%, respectively, from the beginning phase (BP) to the middle phase (MP), by 41 and 37% from the MP to end phase. The decay rates of the discharge voltage and its fluctuation are both increased compared with the no-load operation. During the BP to MP, the output power is higher, the power quality is better and the harmonics are less. The amplitude and frequency of radial vibration are proportional to speed, larger than that during the no-load operation in the same case, and in the BP about 1.8 and 8.8% amplitude in the x and y directions, respectively. Its two norm is increasing by 2.6%, probably leading to the friction between the shaft and protective bearings, gradually becoming greater with speed.

Objective rheumatism refers to a large group of diseases with different etiology, mainly characterized by autoimmune disorder. Intestinal flora combines with the digestive organs of the human body to synthesize and secrete the key substances of growth. Several studies have reported abnormal intestinal flora in rheumatic diseases. The purposes of this research were to review the primary studies and figure out the relationship between intestinal flora and rheumatic disease activity. The article search was based on the database of PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, Cochrane to collect English language studies that were published from 1985 to 2019. The articles concerning the intestinal flora and disease activities of rheumatic diseases were classified by disease types, and the relationship between disease activities and intestinal flora was summarized. Eight rheumatic diseases were included in the study. It was found that the changes of intestinal flora were significantly correlated with the activities of rheumatic diseases. There were significant differences in the classification of disease activity and the composition of intestinal flora. Interfering with the composition of intestinal flora can apparently modulate the development of disease. But how to apply such findings is rarely reported. The study finds out that intestinal flora disorder is linked to the activity of rheumatic diseases. But which specific gut flora is connected to the disease activity needs further researches. More discussion is needed on how to apply the results to clinical treatment.

Gut microbiota in fish plays an important role in the nutrient digestion, immune responses and disease resistance. To understand the effect of fluoroquinolone antibiotic bath administration on fish gut microbiota, the gut microbiota community in the coral trout Plectropomus leopardus (Lacepède, 1802) was studied after enrofloxacin bathing treatment at two concentrations (5 and 10 mg/L) and 0 mg/L as control. A total of 90 fish were used in this study, and three replicates were used for each treatment. After a 24‐hr bath, the gut bacterial composition was analyzed using high‐throughput Illumina sequencing. The results indicated that the richness, diversity and the dominant bacterial taxa of P. leopardus gut bacteria were not affected by enrofloxacin bathing (p > .05). Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the dominant phyla, and Exiguobacterium, Citrobacter, Vibrio, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas were the dominant genus. The findings in the present study provide an understanding on the relationship between fish gut bacteria community and antibiotic bath administration. The findings of this study are instructive on the antibiotic bath administration applied for the management of P. leopardus health in aquaculture., The gut microbiota community in the coral trout Plectropomus leopardus (Lacepède, 1802) was studied after enrofloxacin bathing treatment at two concentrations (5 and 10 mg/L) and 0 mg/L as control. After a 24‐hr bath, the gut bacterial composition was analyzed using high‐throughput Illumina sequencing. The results indicated that the richness, diversity and the dominant bacterial taxa of P. leopardus gut bacteria were not affected by enrofloxacin bathing (p > .05).

We evaluated the effects of glucocorticoids on bone mineral density (BMD), and prevalence of osteoporosis and fracture in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by meta-analysis. Until June 26, 2019, we conducted a systematic literature search in EMBASE, Web of science, PubMed, and Cochrane Library to obtain BMD and the prevalence of osteoporosis and fracture in glucocorticoid-treated subjects with RA. The BMD of the treatment and control groups were analyzed by meta-analysis (Stata. version 15), and the 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated. We identified 15 observational studies, including 46,711 RA subjects and 857 healthy controls. The BMD of the lumbar spine (− 0.038 g/cm2; CI, − 0.052, − 0.024) and femoral neck (− 0.017 g/cm2; − 0.030, − 0.003) in RA treated with glucocorticoids were significantly lower than those in RA controls. Compared with healthy control group, the BMD of the lumbar spine (− 0.094 g/cm2; − 0.126, − 0.061) and femoral neck (− 0.097 g/cm2, − 0.109, − 0.085) of RA treated with glucocorticoids decreased more significantly. The prevalence of osteoporosis in whole body, spine, and femur was 38.6% (0.305, 0.466), 32.9% (0.277, 0.381), and 21.7% (0.106, 0.328), respectively. And the prevalence of vertebral fracture was 13.0% (0.058, 0.203). Glucocorticoids may lead to a decline in skeletal health in subjects with RA, especially in vertebral and femoral BMD, compared with normal people or RA without glucocorticoid therapy. Meanwhile, osteoporosis and fractures were also common. Therapeutic measures should be targeted at individuals, which needs further study. Through meta-analysis, we found that glucocorticoids have some negative effects on the bone health of subjects with rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, when using glucocorticoids to treat rheumatoid arthritis, we should take strategic measures to prevent the decline of bone quality.

Background: The incidence of depression in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is high and leads to a lower quality of life than that in undepressed SLE patients and healthy individuals. The causes of SLE depression are still unclear. Methods: A total of 94 SLE patients were involved in this study. A series of questionnaires (Hospital Depression Scale, Social Support Rate Scale and so on) were applied. Flow cytometry was used to test the different stages and types of T cells and B cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to explore the key contributors to depression in SLE. Support Vector Machine (SVM) learning was applied to form the prediction model. Results: Depressed SLE patients showed lower objective support, severer fatigue, worse sleep quality and higher percentages of ASC%PBMC, ASC%CD19+, MAIT, TEM%Th, TEMRA%Th, CD45RA+CD27-Th, TEMRA%CD8 than non-depressed patients. A learning-based SVM model combining objective and patient-reported variables showed that fatigue, objective support, ASC%CD19+, TEM%Th and TEMRA%CD8 were the main contributing factors to depression in SLE. With the SVM model, the weight of TEM%Th was 0.17, which is the highest among objective variables, and the weight of fatigue was 0.137, which was the highest among variables of patients’ reported outcomes. Conclusions: Both patient-reported factors and immunological factors could be involved in the occurrence and development of depression in SLE. Scientists can explore the mechanism of depression in SLE or other psychological diseases from the above perspective.

Industrial farming is an alternative mode for Pinctada maxima juvenile cultivation to avoid mass mortality caused by natural disasters. Suitable and enough food is crucial for successful industrial bivalve farming. To investigate the feasibility of live microalga instead of spray-dried microalgal powder in P. maxima juvenile industrial farming, this study replaces a positive control live microalgal diet [Isochrysis zhanjiangensis (L-iso) and Platymonas subcordiformis (L-pla)] with spray-dried I. zhanjiangensis powder (P-iso) and P. subcordiformis powder (P-pla). Continuous feeding trials (30 days) were conducted on the P. maxima juvenile (1.2008 ± 0.0009 g initial weight and 30.12 ± 0.05 mm initial shell length), under laboratory conditions. Survival, growth performance, and intestinal microbial community were studied and compared across the groups. Results showed that survival rate (SR) did not differ significantly across the groups (ranged from 84 to 86%, P > 0.05). The growth performance in spray-dried microalgal groups, including total weight (TW), shell height (SH), absolute growth rate (AGR), and relative growth rate (RGR) for SH and TW, was slightly lower than that in live microalgal groups, while the activities of pepsin (PES), amylase (AMS), and lipase (LPS) were significantly higher (P < 0.05). The best growth performance was observed in the L-iso group, followed by the L-pla group. A 16S rRNA-based sequencing revealed that Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in P. maxima juvenile intestinal bacterial community under controlled conditions, which accounted for 62–82% across groups. The intestinal bacteria at the genus level were more sensitive to diets, whereas Burkholderia was the dominant genus in both L-iso (66.52 ± 6.43%) and L-pla groups (54.00 ± 5.66%), while Mycoplasma, Alphaproteobacteria, and Oxyphotobacteria were in both P-iso and P-pla groups. The P-pla group got higher ACE, Chao1, and Simpson and Shannon indices (P < 0.05). The above results suggested that the spray-dried P-iso and P-pla can serve as substitutes for live microalga in P. maxima juvenile industrial farming under controlled conditions. The finding in this study provides basic data to optimize industrial farming technology and healthy management for P. maxima juvenile.

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a clinical cognitive impairment state between dementia and normal aging. Early identification of MCI is beneficial, and it can delay the development of dementia. We aimed to develop and validate a prediction model to predict MCI of middle-aged and elderly people (aged 45 years and over).According to 478 middle-aged and elderly people (48-85 years old) from a cross-sectional study, we developed and validated a predictive nomogram. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to select variables and develop a prediction model. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated in terms of its discriminative power, calibration, and decision curve analysis (DCA).The predictive nomogram was composed of the following: age, gender, education level, residence, and reading. The model showed good discrimination power (area under receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.8704) and good calibration. Similar results were seen in 10-fold cross-validation. The nomogram showed clinically useful in DCA analysis.This predictive nomogram provides researchers with a practical tool for predicting MCI. The variables included in this nomogram were readily available. The population used for this nomogram was middle-aged and elderly people.

Reproductive concerns are common in women of childbearing age with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with inadequate disclosure. This study aimed to investigate the contributing factors of reproductive concerns and to evaluate their impact on health-related quality of life.One hundred eighty women of childbearing age with SLE were enrolled in this cross-sectional study in Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from March 2021 to December 2021. A series of questionnaires were conducted: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20), Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised (FSDS-R), Family Assessment Device (APGAR), the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ), the Short-Form 36 (SF-36), and the Chinese version of Reproductive Concerns After Cancer (RCAC). Independent t test, one-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson/Spearman, and multiple linear stepwise regression were used to analyze the data.The results indicated that female SLE patients were more concerned about the child's health and personal health than becoming pregnant, fertility potential, partner disclose and acceptance; SLE patients with the characteristics of living in rural residence, having no reproductive history, fearing unexpected pregnancy, sexual distress, and depression showed more serious fertility concerns. Meanwhile, most female SLE patients adopted active confrontation when facing reproductive concerns, and these patients were significantly lower in the dimension score of mental related quality of life.Our study demonstrated that female SLE patients should be paid more attention to their fertility concerns and effective intervention measures should be carried out to relieve their reproductive concerns, so as to improve their long-term quality of life if their disease condition permits.

This study was conducted to understand the changes of physiological and biochemical indexes of black and red shell Pinctada fucata under acute high and low salt stress. In this study, the salinity of 35‰ was used as the control, while the salinities of 20 and 50% salinity were used as the low and high salt treatment groups, respectively. The osmotic pressure (OSM) and ion concentration in the hemolymph, Na+-K+ -ATPase (NKA) activity and respiratory metabolism in gills, and antioxidant and immune (non) enzymes in the hepatopancreas of P. fucata with two shell colors were compared and analyzed at the time periods of 1.5 and 3 h post-salinity stress. The results showed that the OSM and inorganic ion (Na+, Ca2+, and Cl–) concentration in the hemolymph of the black and red P. fucata increased significantly with the increase of salinity after the time periods of 1.5 and 3 h. At 3 h, the black P. fucata NKA activity decreased significantly with the increase of salinity, while red P. fucata reached the highest value at high salinity. The succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities of red P. fucata showed U-shaped and inverted U-shaped distributions with the increase of salinity after 1.5 h, respectively. With the increase of salinity, the phenoloxidase (POX) activity of red and black P. fucata showed inverted U-shaped and U-shaped distributions, respectively. The contents of glutathione (GSH) and vitamin C (VC) in black P. fucata decreased significantly with the increase of salinity at 1.5 and 3 h. Red P. fucata GSH and VC reached their maximum value in the 1.5-h low salinity group and 3-h high salinity group. The vitamin E (VE) content in black P. fucata increased significantly with the increase of salinity at 1.5 h, and reached the maximum at 3 h in the control group. Red P. fucata VE reached the maximum at 1.5 and 3 h in the control group. The results obtained from the present study revealed that the sensitivity of P. fucata to salinity varied in shell color. Compared to black P. fucata, red P. fucata responds more quickly to sharp salinity changes, thereby reducing more likely damage. Compared with a high salt environment, P. fucata was more adaptable to the changes of acute low salt environment. The results obtained from the present study provide the physical references for subsequent selective breeding of this species.

Neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) are important assets to fight COVID-19, but most existing nAbs lose the activities against Omicron subvariants. Here, we report a human monoclonal antibody (Ab08) isolated from a convalescent patient infected with the prototype strain (Wuhan-Hu-1). Ab08 binds to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) with pico-molar affinity (230 pM), effectively neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern (VOCs) including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Mu, Omicron BA.1 and BA.2, and to a lesser extent for Delta and Omicron BA.4/BA.5 which bear the L452R mutation. Of medical importance, Ab08 shows therapeutic efficacy in SARS-CoV-2-infected hACE2 mice. X-ray crystallography of the Ab08-RBD complex reveals an antibody footprint largely in the β-strand core and away from the ACE2-binding motif. Negative staining electron-microscopy suggests a neutralizing mechanism through which Ab08 destructs the Spike trimer. Together, our work identifies a nAb with therapeutic potential for COVID-19.

Giant clams are found in a mutualistic association with Symbiodiniaceae dinoflagellates, however, the diversity of the giant clams, as well as the diversity and distribution of Symbiodiniaceae in different Tridacnine species remain relatively poorly studied in the South China Sea. In this study, a total of 100 giant clams belonging to small type’s giant clams, Tridacna maxima, T. crocea, and T. noae, were collected from Hainan and Xisha Islands. Based on mtDNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (COI) and 16S rRNA fragments, T. maxima and T. crocea showed a closer phylogenetic relationship than T. noae. All the three species of giant clams hosted Symbiodiniaceae including genera Symbiodinium (formerly Clade A) and Cladocopium (formerly Clade C). Geographically, symbionts in Cladocopium are restricted to Xisha Islands, probably because Cladocopium prefers to inhabit in waters with higher mean temperatures. The endosymbiont specificity among the three giant clam species was also detected. T. noae and T. crocea are found to harbor Symbiodinium preferentially, compared with Cladocopium. These results could provide important information to understand various endosymbionts occurring in giant clams in the South China Sea.

Pulmonary manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are appearing in 4-5% of patients involving lung in almost half of the cases during the disease course.We compared the autoimmune pulmonary inflammation in the lung tissue of mice to determine the association between decreased expression levels of Forkhead Box J1 (FOXJ1) and the activation of the NF-κB pathway in autoimmune pulmonary inflammation of MRL/Lpr mice.The female BALB/c mice (n=6) and MRL/Lpr mice (n=30) were divided into 5 groups including a control group (BALB/c), and five MRL/Lpr mice groups (8W, 12W, 16W, 24W, and 32W). The infiltration of the inflammatory cells was determined in lung tissue by performing histological analysis. The western blotting was used to examine the expression levels of the age-related FOXJ1, and p50 and p65 proteins in the lungs of MRL/Lpr mice. The expression levels of MMP2 and MMP9 were determined via immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.There were severe infiltrates of lung cells with high levels of tracheal damage, perivascular injury and interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration when the MRL/Lpr mice from 16w to 32w comparing to the 8w old healthy MRL/Lpr mice in the control group (p0.05). Moreover, the reduced expression levels of FOXJ1 were associated with the activation of the NF-κB pathway in interstitial lung disease of MRL/Lpr mice via the modulation of p50 and p65. In addition, the expression levels of MMP2 and MMP9 pro-inflammation factors increased in the lungs of the MRL/Lpr mice from 16w to 32w.The expression level of FOXJ1 might be an indicator of the degree of lung disease in lupus-prone mice.

AIM Sleep disturbances are common in primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) patients and may lead to disease aggravation and decreased health-related quality of life (HRQoL). There are currently no known reported studies related to the prevalence, correlates, and impact of sleep disturbance in pSS patients from China. Therefore, this study aims to assess the sleep quality in Chinese pSS patients and evaluate its relationship with the disease activity, quality of life and mood disorders. METHODS A self-report survey was administered to 221 pSS patients and 198 healthy individuals using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for sleep quality. Disease activity and damage were evaluated with the European League Against Rheumatism Sjogren's syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI). Independent samples t tests, Chi-square analysis, logistic regression were used to analyze these data. RESULTS Our results found that the prevalence of poor sleep (PSQI ≥ 6) was 57.5% and the mean global score of PSQI was 6.57 (SD 3.19) in patients, which were significantly higher than the controls (32.3% and 4.93 [SD 2.86], respectively). When trying to fall asleep, patients with pSS had some sleep disturbances, reduced sleep efficiency, increased number of awakenings than controls. There were significant correlations among dryness, ocular surface disease, HRQoL, pain, disease activity, anxiety/depression and sleep quality in pSS patients. Meanwhile, logistic regression models identified depression and Short Form-36 mental composite score as predictors of poor sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS Sleep disturbances are commonly reported in pSS patients and sleep quality is lower in pSS patients than in healthy controls. The data suggested the need for holistic assessment and management of pSS patients.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the current situation of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) in China. The relationships between social demography, disease activity, psychological status, clinical variables, and ILD were analyzed. Besides that, the quality of life (QoL) in pSS with ILD was also analyzed.In the cross-sectional study, 101 pSS patients participated in this study. Under the guidance of the researchers, the European League Against Rheumatism Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI), EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Patient-Reported Index (ESSPRI), the Short-Form 36 health survey (SF-36), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Summated Xerostomia Inventory (SXI), and other related questionnaires were completed. Independent sample t tests, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and correlational analysis were used.The data showed that 28 (30.1%) pSS people with ILD. The occurrence and development of ILD were associated with disease duration, fatigue, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), neutrophils, albumin, and use of hormone. The survey also found that the QoL of pSS-ILD was significantly lower than non-ILD, especially the score in the dimension of role physical function.ILD was very common in pSS. ILD had a significant negative impact on the QoL of patients. Therefore, it is of great significance to strengthen the early intervention and drug treatment of pSS patients to prevent ILD and improve their QoL.Key Points• This cross-sectional study finds that the incidence of ILD in patients with pSS is 30.1%.• The occurrence and development of ILD is associated with disease duration, fatigue, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), neutrophils, albumin, and use of hormone.•The study also finds that the QoL of pSS-ILD is significantly lower than in patients with non-ILD, especially the score in the dimension of role physical function.

Objective To evaluate the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease in Chinese rheumatoid arthritis patients. Subjects and methods This cross-sectional study included 128 RA and 109 healthy controls. Two dentists conducted periodontal status including Plaque index (PI), Gingival index (GI), pocket probing depths (PPDs), Clinical attachment level (CAL) and Bleeding on probing (BOP) independently. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, clinical parameters and use of medication were assessed. Data were analyzed by Student's t test, χ2 test, Wilcoxin-Mann- Whitney's test, Correlational Analysis, univariate or multivariate logistic regression. Results The periodontal status was significantly worse in RA, especially the condition of dental and gingival status. RA had 4.68-fold. After adjusted potential risk factors, RA had 10.26-fold. The independent variable related to GI was DAS28 (p = .05) negatively, to the contrary, ESR (p = .013) was positively associated; the independent variable positively and related to periodontitis was educational level (p = .021) and anti-CCP positivity (p = .002). Through multivariate logistic regression, age and swollen joint were the independent variable related to periodontitis of RA (OR 1.087, p = .044) and (OR 1.560, p = .008) respectively. Conclusions Chinese RA patients show higher odds of PD. It is important to take early interventions in combination with medical therapy.

In this paper, a 3D numerical model, which was theoretically established and experimentally validated, was utilized to investigate the dynamic electromagnetic behaviors of a high-temperature superconductor (HTS) levitation system consisting of a cylindrical permanent magnet (PM) and an HTS fabricated by the YBCO material. The effects of critical current, cooling temperature, multiseeded material, and thickness of the HTS on electromagnetic behaviors were discussed from a 3D perspective. The dynamic electromagnetic behaviors indicate the induced current is mainly distributed near the top surface and edges of the HTS. As the PM approaches the HTS, the induced current density increases gradually. As the PM withdraws, it reduces initially and is then induced in the opposite direction. The levitation force increases with critical current but exhibits saturation. The lower the temperature, the larger the levitation force and the smaller the hysteresis. The induced current of the multiseeded HTS is characterized by a symmetrical distribution with the seed domain boundary or central axis. Its maximum value increases with the number of seeds but the levitation force significantly reduces. The induced current on the cross section is symmetrically distributed. As the thickness of the HTS decreases, the levitation force reduces drastically but the maximum value of the induced current increases. The reason was explained. Finally, the dynamic electromagnetic behaviors of a radial-type HTS bearing were investigated from a 3D perspective.

Substantial discoveries suggested that exosomes released from multiple sources of stem cells can affect the biological functions of target cells. In present period, the immunosuppressive properties of exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs-E) have been extensively recognized, but few studies have been reported about exosomes secreted from dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs-E) in the field of medical immunity. Hence, the aim of this study is to compare the immunomodulatory capacity of BMMSCs-E and DPSCs-E. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were co-cultured with them respectively and the proportion of regulatory T cells (Treg) was detected to increase. Subsequently, we stimulated CD4+T cells with BMMSCs-E and DPSCs-E to observe their effects on the polarizations, chemokines secretion, apoptosis, and proliferation of CD4+T cells. We found that DPSCs-E inhibited the differentiation of CD4+T cells into T helper 17 cells (Th17) and reduced the secretions of pro-inflammatory factors IL-17 and TNF-α, while promoted the polarization of CD4+T cells into Treg and increased the release of anti-inflammatory factors IL-10 and TGF-β. What's more, these capabilities of DPSCs-E were stronger than those of BMMSCs-E. In addition, DPSCs-E were more effective in inducing apoptosis of CD4+T cells compared with BMMSCs-E, and DPSCs-E inhibited the proliferation of CD4+T cells, which is similar to BMMSCs-E. We draw a conclusion that DPSCs-E have stronger immune-modulating activities than BMMSCs-E, and may be a new therapeutic tool for the treatment of immunological diseases.

Sjogren's syndrome (SS) often leads to disease-related body defects and functional impairments, which may result in the body image disturbances (BID) of patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the severity and predictors of BID among SS patients. Two hundred and thirty-one SS patients [mean (IQR) age: 51 (42-58); females: 94.4%] and 224 age and sex-matched healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional study. Questionnaires were applied: body image disturbance questionnaire (BIDQ), the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), fatigue severity scale (FSS), the 10-cm pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the oral health impact profile-14 (OHIP-14), the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), the social support rate scale (SSRS). Independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, Chi-square test, spearman rank correlation, and stepwise linear regression were performed by SPSS version 20.0 to analyze these data. In 231 SS patients, the mean of the overall BIDQ score was 1.80 ± 1.21, and SS patients had significantly higher scores in each domain of BIDQ compared with healthy controls (p < 0.05). The stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that high BIDQ score was predicted by severe anxiety (β = 0.081; p < 0.001), high disease activity (β = 0.038; p < 0.001) and poor oral health (β = 0.017; p = 0.007) in SS patients. Patients with SS suffer from severe BID and it is necessary for rheumatologists to pay more attention to SS patients' body image disturbance, especially those with high disease activity, severe anxiety, and poor oral health to improve patients' quality of life.

To understand the effects of fish density on water quality and physiological changes of golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) fingerlings during transportation, fish were stocked at three densities (27 kg/m3, 54 kg/m3 and 81 kg/m3) for 8 h using the method of anesthesia hypothermia in sealed containers. The fish reared in the recycling system were used as the control. The pH of water at three fish densities was significantly lower than the initial value and decreased gradually with the increase of fish density. The lowest pH and ammonia nitrogen were found in the 81 kg group, reaching 6.24 and 0.08 mg/L, respectively. The liver catalase activity increased gradually but was still significantly lower than that in the control. The liver peroxidase activity fell gradually corresponding to the increase of fish density but was higher than that in the control. Fish density during transportation did not affect the lactate dehydrogenase activity in the liver. After 8-h transportation, fish in all three groups had a lower level of glucose and creatinine in the serum than in the control fish. The content of serum cortisol soared after transportation, but no significant difference was found among three fish densities. Glutamate pyruvate transaminase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activities in the serum had a similar pattern to those of the fish in the control and showed a gradual reduction with increasing fish density. Fish density during transport significantly affected water quality (e.g., pH and NH3-N) and liver function. Our results indicate that the fish density of 81 kg/m3 is safe to transport golden pompano fingerlings for 8 h.

The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare sleep outcomes of AS patients and controls. Six electronic databases were searched: PubMed, Embase, IndMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI and Web of Science. Statistical analyses were executed using Revman 5.3 software. Nine studies and a total of 3169 participants were included in the meta-analysis. When sleep was assessed using PSQI, significant differences were observed in subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, sleep disorders, sleep medication use and total PSQI between patients with AS and controls, and subjective sleep quality was most severely affected. In PSG, eight variables of sleep quality (stage I sleep, stage II sleep, slow wave sleep, rapid eye movement, arousal index, periodic leg movement index, sleep latency, sleep efficiency) were lower in AS patients than in controls. Three variables of sleep quality assessed by USI (estimated sleep time, sleep sufficiency index, number of awakenings per night) and two variables of sleep quality assessed by MOS sleep scale (sleep disturbance scale, sleep problem index II) were lower in AS patients than in controls. It indicated that AS patients experience more serious sleep disorders. Early recognition and appropriate interventions are essential to improve patients' sleep quality.

A study on Chlamys nobilis sperm cryopreservation by a programmable freezing method was conducted under laboratory condition. Four cryoprotectant agents (dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO], methanol [MET], propanediol[PG] and ethylene glycol [EG]) and four concentrations (5%, 10%, 20% and 30%) were evaluated for their ability to retain sperm motility, movement characteristics and fertility. Results showed that cryopreserved sperm total motility produced by DMSO and MET at 5%, 10% and 20% were higher than other cryoprotectant treatment groups (CPA groups), as well as rapid sperm percentage. The curvilinear (VCL) and straight line (VSL) velocity produced by DMSO at 5% significantly higher than other CPA groups (p 0.05), as well as the beat‐cross frequency (BCF). A significant higher fertilization rate was produced in DMSO than that in MET at same concentration (p 0.05). Overall, 5%‐20% DMSO was more suitable for Chlamys nobilis sperm programmable cryopreservation when the calcium‐free Hanks’ balanced salt solution was used as the extender, and 10°C/min from 0°C to −80°C was used as freezing rate. The findings presented in this study will benefit conservation programs for Chlamys nobilis.

To identify the impact of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) domains compared with the results of healthy controls by systematically reviewing the literature. A systematic literature search was performed on MEDLINE, Web of Science and EMBASE until April, 2018 to obtain eligible studies reporting mean and standard deviation scores for each domain of the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) in SLE patients and healthy controls. Random effect model was performed to summarize the scores of each domain. The forest plot was used to compare the scores of SLE patients with healthy controls. Review Manager (version 5.3) was adopted in the meta-analysis. In all, 13 studies were included in the work, including 1279 SLE patients and 1466 healthy controls. Compared with controls, patients with SLE had lower scores in all SF-36 dimensions (physical function, physical role function, body pain, general health, vitality, social function, emotional role function, mental health), especially in the physical role function. SLE does impair HRQoL to varying degrees. It is indispensable to measure and assess HRQoL of SLE patients regularly, which contributes to formulate targeted interventions appropriately and provide effective ways of management of the disease positively.

Recently, a new pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii strain has begun to be cultured as seafood. In the present study, the seasonal variation (February and June) in biochemical composition and flavor compounds in two P. f. martensii strains (strain for pearl production was abbreviated to PP, and seafood was abbreviated to PE) were detected to compare the nutritional and flavor differences between them, and to provide a reference for the seasonal preference of consumers for eating P. f. martensii. The ratio of soft tissues in PE-Feb was significantly higher than that in PP-Feb (p < 0.05). The contents of ash, crude protein, and crude lipid were higher in PP than those in PE in the same season, while significantly higher contents of glycogen in the PE strain were observed compared to the PP strain in the same season (p < 0.05). The major amino acids (such as Glu and Asp) and PUFA (such as DHA and EPA) were almost the same in two P. f. martensii strains in the same season, while the contents of these nutrients were significantly higher in February compared to June (p < 0.05). Taurine content in PE-Feb was the highest (19.58 mg/g wet weight), followed by PP-Jun, PP-Feb, and PE-Jun. The umami and sweet FAA contents of the same P. f. martensii strain in February were significantly higher than those in June (p < 0.05). The AMP content in PP-Jun was the highest (64.17 mg/100 g wet weight), followed by PP-Feb, PE-Jun, and PE-Feb. Succinic acid was the major organic acid, and its content in February was significantly higher than in June (p < 0.05). The betaine content in PP-Feb was the highest (23.02 mg/g of wet weight), followed by PE-Feb (20.43 mg/g of wet weight), PP-Jun (16.28 mg/g of wet weight), and PE-Jun (12.33 mg/g of wet weight), and significant differences were observed among these four groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the edible P. f. martensii strain harvest in February is rich in protein, glycogen, PUFA (DHA and EPA), taurine, succinic acid, and betaine, which could provide healthy nutrition and a good flavor for humans.

The mitochondrial (mt) genome is an important tool when studying the evolution of metazoan animals. The oyster family Gryphaeidae, together with Ostreidae, is one of the two extant taxa of superfamily Ostreoidea. Up until now, the available mitochondrial genomes of oysters were all limited to family Ostreidae. In the present study, the first complete mtDNA of family Gryphaeidae represented by Hyotissa hyotis was sequenced and compared with other available ostreoid mtDNA. The mtDNA of H. hyotis is 22,185 bp in length, encoding 13 protein-coding-genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and 23 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes. Within all the intergenic regions that range from 2 to 1528 bp, two large non-coding regions were identified. The first large non-coding region, located between Cox1 and trnA, contains 1528 nucleotides, while the second one is 1191 bp in length and positioned between Cytb and Nad2. The nucleotide composition of the whole mtDNA is A + T biased, accounting for 59.2%, with a negative AT skew value of −0.20 and a positive GC skew value of 0.33. In contrast to the mtDNA of Ostreidae, neither the split of rrnL nor rrnS was detected in that of H. hyotis. The duplication of trnW of H. hyotis was also discovered for the first time within Ostreoidea. The gene order of H. hyotis is quite different from those of ostreids, indicating extensive rearrangements within superfamily Ostreoidea. The reconstructed phylogeny supported H. hyotis as sister to Ostreidae, with the latter clade formed by Ostrea + (Saccostrea + Crassostrea). This study could provide important information for further understanding the mitochondrial evolution of oysters.

The color of aquatic animals plays an important role in consumer acceptability and perceived quality. In a previous study, a red claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus strain with steady and hereditary shell color of blue was selected. To evaluate the potential value of this strain in crayfish culture, the growth performance, carotenoid content, and temperature tolerance of two crayfish strains (shell color; blue and blue-green) were conducted. After the 56-day rearing period, blue crayfish showed higher feed intake and growth rate, but lower survival than blue-green crayfish. Astaxanthin was the main pigment observed in the carapace of both strains, and the content of astaxanthin in blue crayfish was 18.62 mg/kg of wet weight, which was significantly lower than that of astaxanthin in blue-green crayfish (83.23 mg/kg of wet weight). The 7-day survival of two crayfish strains less than 34°C was 100%, and blue-green crayfish showed stronger tolerance to high water temperature exposure (35°C–38°C) than blue crayfish. Furthermore, after high temperature stress, lower activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and higher malondialdehyde in the hepatopancreases of blue crayfish were observed than those in blue-green crayfish. This study provides important information for future breeding programs for the red claw crayfish.

Purpose Few studies have assessed fatigue of meningioma patients. The purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence, severity, and risk factors of multidimensional fatigue, as well as the impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Chinese meningioma patients newly diagnosed. Methods This cross-sectional study included 120 Chinese meningioma patients recruited from Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from January 2020 to February 2021. Data were collected before surgery, including demographic, clinical and psychological characteristics, as well as fatigue scores, based on completion of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20). Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data. Results The results demonstrated that a high prevalence of severe fatigue for each dimension: general fatigue (33.3%), physical fatigue (27.5%), reduced activity (28.3%), reduced motivation (12.5%), mental fatigue (11.7%), and total fatigue (23.3%). Headache and anxiety were predictors of general fatigue. Depression was an independent predictor of physical fatigue. Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score and depression independently predicted reduced activity. Depression and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score were risk factors predicting reduced motivation, while KPS score and anxiety predicted mental fatigue. Importantly, comorbidity, KPS score, headache, depression, sleep disturbances, and ESS score could predict total fatigue. Furthermore, MFI-20 scores in all dimensions were negatively correlated with Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) scores in all dimensions. Conclusion Our findings indicate that meningioma patients newly diagnosed are frequently affected by fatigue, potentially contributing to impair HRQoL. For patients with risk factors of fatigue, targeted interventions are advised in order to decrease fatigue and improve HRQoL.

BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that poor mental health (MH) is a risk factor for the health of older adults. Dietary diversity is considered to be related to healthy aging. However, the relationship between diet and MH is still unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary diversity score (DDS) and anxiety and depression among centenarians and their offspring and spouses. METHODS Evidence suggests that poor mental health (MH) is a risk factor for the health of older adults. Dietary diversity is considered to be related to healthy aging. However, the relationship between diet and MH is still unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary diversity score (DDS) and anxiety and depression among centenarians and their offspring and spouses. RESULTS Among the 288 older adults, 12.8% reported symptoms of depression, and 8.7% reported anxiety. People with a lower dietary diversity had higher rates of anxiety and depression. After controlling for age, place of residence, economic status, alcohol drinking, and physical activity, a lower DDS was found to be a risk factor for depressive symptoms [odds ratio (OR): 2.237; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.009-4.959; P=0.048]. DDS was negatively correlated with depression score in older adults (r=-0.224; P

Purpose Sleep disturbance is common in meningioma patients and may lead to disease aggravation and decreases health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, the sleep quality of meningioma patients newly diagnosed and ready for surgery has not been well clarified in China. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, correlates, and impact of sleep disturbance among Chinese meningioma patients. Methods In this cross-sectional study, meningioma patients were recruited from the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from January 2020 to November 2020. A series of questionnaires were applied: the 0–10 Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Short-Form 36 (SF-36), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Independent samples t test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square analysis, Pearson/Spearman correlation, and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results 100 meningioma patients completed the questionnaires. Sleep disturbance affected 43% of the meningioma patients and was linked to many concomitant symptoms, such as headache, fatigue, anxiety and depression. Binary logistic regression indicated that fatigue and headache were predictors of sleep disturbance in meningioma patients. Meanwhile, severe sleep disturbance led to lower quality of life. Conclusions These findings demonstrated that a considerable number of meningioma patients newly diagnosed and ready for surgery suffered from sleep disturbance, potentially contributing to impair HRQoL. Medical personnel should pay more attention to meningioma patients with sleep disturbance and take effective measures to improve sleep quality, with the ultimate goal to improve their HRQoL.

The effects of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) processing at 200 MPa, 400 MPa, and 600 MPa on the proximate composition, inactivation of bacteria, and color of the red claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus were evaluated. High hydrostatic pressure processing resulted in complete shelling and a significant decrease in the moisture content (P < 0.05), whereas no significant differences were observed in the content of ash, crude protein, and crude lipid, except for the crude lipid content between 200 MPa and 600 MPa groups (P < 0.05). After pressurization, the Escherichia coli, Vibrio vulnificus, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus counts decreased significantly with the increase of pressure, even to an undetected level for V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus at 400 and 600 MPa (P < 0.05), respectively. During 30-d storage at 4°C and –20°C, the counts of these three bacterial species increased significantly with increased storage time and temperature. After HHP processing, a* value changed substantially, whereas L* and b* values had little change for meat. The total color difference (ΔE*) suggested that the HHP-treated red claw crayfish exhibited very distinctive or substantial differences compared with fresh individuals.

Giant clams Tridacna crocea harbor symbiotic zooxanthellae in tubular systems and display high growth rate when exposed to light. Light/dark alternation plays an important role in growth performance and physiological change of giant clam–zooxanthellae symbiosis in natural ecosystems. In this study, photosynthetic performance, antioxidant enzymes, transcriptome, and expression of eight illumination-related genes were investigated in the mantle of giant clam at different treatment times of 12-h light/12-h dark (15,000 lx). (1) The effective photochemical quantum yield of PSII (Y(II)) was high in the early morning, but significantly decreased to a low level at 6 h of light treatment (P

Sleep disturbance is common in meningioma patients and may lead to disease aggravation and decreases health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, the sleep quality of meningioma patients newly diagnosed and ready for surgery has not been well clarified in China. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, correlates, and impact of sleep disturbance among Chinese meningioma patients. In this cross-sectional study, meningioma patients were recruited from the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from January 2020 to November 2020. A series of questionnaires were applied: the 0–10 Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Short-Form 36 (SF-36), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Independent samples t test, Mann–Whitney U test, chi-square analysis, Pearson/Spearman correlation, and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data. One hundred meningioma patients completed the questionnaires. Sleep disturbance affected 43% of the meningioma patients and was linked to many concomitant symptoms, such as headache, fatigue, anxiety, and depression. Binary logistic regression indicated that fatigue and headache were independently associated with sleep disturbance of meningioma patients. Meanwhile, severe sleep disturbance led to lower quality of life. These findings demonstrated that a considerable number of meningioma patients newly diagnosed and ready for surgery suffered from sleep disturbance, potentially contributing to impair HRQoL. Medical personnel should pay more attention to meningioma patients with sleep disturbance and take effective measures to improve sleep quality, with the ultimate goal to improve their HRQoL.