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The study reports a concept for fabrication of [MoS4]2− clusters intercalated into CaAl-LDH for heavy metal removal, which involves Pb–S bonding for Pb(ii) and lattice substitution for Cd(ii).

We will demonstrate a prototype query-processing engine, which utilizes correlations among predicates to accelerate machine learning (ML) inference queries on unstructured data. Expensive operators such as feature extractors and classifiers are deployed as user-defined functions (UDFs), which are not penetrable by classic query optimization techniques such as predicate push-down. Recent optimization schemes (e.g., Probabilistic Predicates or PP) build a cheap proxy model for each predicate offline, and inject proxy models in the front of expensive ML UDFs under the independence assumption in queries. Input records that do not satisfy query predicates are filtered early by proxy models to bypass ML UDFs. But enforcing the independence assumption may result in sub-optimal plans. We use correlative proxy models to better exploit predicate correlations and accelerate ML queries. We will demonstrate our query optimizer called CORE, which builds proxy models online, allocates parameters to each model, and reorders them. We will also show end-to-end query processing with or without proxy models.

A high ambient contrast ratio (ACR) is essential for achieving a high dynamic range in advanced display applications, but reported ACR enhancement strategies always result in reduced optical efficiency of light-emitting diode (LED) display devices. In this study, an Fe3O4-magnetic particle-chained pillar array (Fe3O4-MPCP) structure was introduced to improve the ACR of LED display devices with low optical loss. The results indicated that the MPCP structure achieved high ACR at an oblique angle using surface pillar array to suppress ambient light reflections, and its internal magnetic particle chain improved the transmissivity to maintain high device efficiency. Compared with the commercial graphite-coated device at typical viewing angles (i.e., 0 deg and 60 deg), the ACR of the optimal MPCP device increased by 217 and 140%, while the device efficiency increased by 25 and 12%, respectively. Therefore, the proposed method provides a novel approach for significantly improving ACR at all oblique angles while maintaining high device efficiency, which can be easily integrated into various LED display devices and has significant potential in advanced display applications.

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PDF file - 93KB, PCR Primers and TaqMan qPCR Probes.

PDF file - 72KB, Positive controls for transfection assays.

PDF file - 198KB, Mammary tumor growth and metastasis in Tg(TVA)+RCAS-PyMT and Tg(NCOA1)x Tg(TVA)+RCAS-PyMT mice.

PDF file - 368KB, Mammary gland morphogenesis and epithelial proliferation of Tg(NCOA1) mice.

Based on the survey data on the influence of self-media on youth values, this article analyzes the variance of different variables with academic qualifications as the main factor. Use the Sklearn tool to establish a decision tree classification model. The results show that the educational level factor is inversely proportional to the proportion of learning behaviors accumulating knowledge through self-media platforms. Different educational backgrounds have significant differences in the judgment of the authenticity of information cognition. Respondents' views on the future development of public opinion-oriented self-media mainly depend on their daily browsing frequency. Respondents with a very high frequency will make different judgments because of the inverse proportion of academic level and credibility. Finally, this article gives opinions and suggestions on the development of the self-media from three perspectives: the government level, the social level, and the youth group themselves. Encourage youth groups to actively face the opportunities and challenges brought about by developing the self-media industry in the digital economy.

Waterborne polyurethane (WPU) dispersions were prepared by post-chain extension and crosslinking reactions using 2-[(2-aminoethyl)-amino]ethyl sulfonic acid sodium (AAS), diethylenetriamine (DETA), triethylenetetramine (TETA) and AAS/DETA as post-chain extenders, and their influence on the properties of WPUs was studied. Results showed the introduction of trifunctional DETA chain extenders significantly improved the molecular weight, T-peel strength, and water resistance of WPUs, suggesting that DETA was an effective crosslinking agent. The WPU dispersions with a 2 : 3 molar ratio of AAS/DETA chain extenders exhibited excellent properties. At a molar ratio of 1.6 for NCO groups to OH groups, a stable WPU dispersion possessed higher solid content of 42.8%. Furthermore, only 4 wt% organic solvents were used in the preparation of WPU dispersions. Results revealed that the obtained WPU dispersions are a potential candidate for binders in water-based inks, without removing organic solvents. This study may provide some insight or guidance for the design and preparation of water-based ink binders.

Objective: To systematically explore the effect and mechanism of melastomatis dodecandri herba (Melastoma dodecandrum Lour.) in the treatment of hepatitis based on network pharmacology. Method: We evaluated the hepatoprotective effects of M. dodecandrum in concanavalin A (Con A)-induced hepatitis in mice by assessing survival rate, histological analysis, serum transaminases, and related cytokines. Then the mechanism of action was predicted by a network pharmacology-based strategy. Based on the results, we measured the hepatic expression of related genes at mRNA level and proteins related to the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-кB) pathways. Results: Our study results clearly demonstrated that M. dodecandrum pretreatment significantly alleviated liver injury. This was demonstrated by an increase in survival rate, decreased severity of liver damage, and reduced serum transaminase levels compared with those in the Con A group. Moreover, M. dodecandrum significantly reduced the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interferon-γ and increased the liver levels of superoxide dismutase, which indicated that M. dodecandrum exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. On the basis of network pharmacology, 50 nodes were selected as major hubs based on their topological importance. Pathway enrichment analyses indicated that the putative targets of M. dodecandrum mostly participate in various pathways associated with the anti-inflammation response, which implies the underlying mechanism by which M. dodecandrum acts on hepatitis. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR analysis showed that M. dodecandrum downregulates the mRNA expression of interleukin-6, Toll-like receptor 7, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-4, NF-кB and tumor necrosis factor-α in liver tissues. Western blotting showed that M. dodecandrum pretreatment protected against inflammation through activating the PI3K-Akt pathway by upregulating phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) expression and suppressing NF-кB activation by inhibiting the phosphorylation of IKK, IκBα, and p65. Conclusion: The present work demonstrated the hepatoprotective effects of M. dodecandrum by regulating the PI3K/Akt and NF-кB pathways in Con A-induced mice, which provide insights into the treatment of hepatitis using M. dodecandrum.

Sulfidation of zero-valent iron (SZVI) emerged as a promising approach to enhance both the reactivity and selectivity of nano zero-valent iron (ZVI).

Effective components and related target genes of Folium Artemisiae argyi were screened from Traditional Chinese Medicines for Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform. The therapeutic targets of atherosclerosis were searched in the MalaCards and OMIM databases. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed in WebGestalt online and verified according to ClueGo and Pedia apps in Cytoscape. Then, the protein-protein interaction network was analyzed using the STRING database and constructed using Cytoscape. Differential expression of target genes was identified in GSE9128 and GSE71226 by GEO2R. And then, molecular docking was performed using the Molecular Operating Environment. Finally, we validated the protein expression of Interleukin-6 (IL-6)/IL-1B /MMP9 by qRT-PCR and Western blot in Raw264.7 which was induced by LPS. A total of 232 potential target genes and 8 ingredients of Folium Artemisiae argyi were identified. Quercetin, naringenin, and ethyl linoleate are potential candidate bioactive agents in treating atherosclerosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA), MMP9 and IL-1Β could be potential target genes. KEGG analysis demonstrated that the fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis pathway play a crucial role in the anti-atherosclerosis effect of Folium Artemisiae argyi. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) validation demonstrated that VEGFA was downregulated, while MMP9 and IL-1B were upregulated in patients with atherosclerosis. Molecular docking suggested that only MMP9 had a good combination with quercetin. The cell experiment results suggested that naringenin and quercetin have strong anti-inflammation effects, and significantly inhibit the expression of MMP9. Practical Applications Artemisiae argyi is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been widely used for its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. This research demonstrated the bioactive ingredients, potential targets, and molecular mechanism of Folium Artemisiae argyi in treating atherosclerosis. It also suggests a reliable approach in investigating the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese herbal medicine in treating Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).

Human pose estimate can be used in action recognition, video surveillance and other fields, which has received a lot of attentions. Since the flexibility of human joints and environmental factors greatly influence pose estimation accuracy, related research is confronted with many challenges. In this paper, we incorporate the pyramid convolution and attention mechanism into the residual block, and introduce a hybrid structure model which synthetically applies the local and global information of the image for the analysis of keypoints detection. In addition, our improved structure model adopts grouped convolution, and the attention module used is lightweight, which will reduce the computational cost of the network. Simulation experiments based on the MS COCO human body keypoints detection data set show that, compared with the Simple Baseline model, our model is similar in parameters and GFLOPs (giga floating-point operations per second), but the performance is better on the detection of accuracy under the multi-person scenes.

Aim: There is a critical need to validate biofluid-based biomarkers as diagnostic and drug development tools for traumatic brain injury (TBI). As part of the TBI Endpoints Development Initiative, we identified four potentially predictive and pharmacodynamic biomarkers for TBI: astroglial markers GFAP and S100B and the neuronal markers UCH-L1 and Tau. Materials & methods: Several commonly used platforms for these four biomarkers were identified and compared on analytic performance and ability to detect gold standard recombinant protein antigens and to pool control versus TBI cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Results: For each marker, only some assay formats could differentiate TBI CSF from the control CSF. Also, different assays for the same biomarker reported divergent biomarker values for the same biosamples. Conclusion: Due to the variability of TBI marker assay in performance and reported values, standardization strategies are recommended when comparing reported biomarker levels across assay platforms.

Image block matching is one of active research fields in image processing, which has been widely used in security monitoring and motion estimation. Due to great disparities in images of the same scene under various illumination, block matching has been a challenging task. To this end, we propose a hierarchical block matching method which is adaptive to the computational complexity and suited to complicated illumination environments. The approach is divided into two parts. First, in order to reduce searching time, the whole algorithm is established in the framework of pyramid structures. Second, the correlation coefficient and structural functions are adopted to evaluate the similarity between two images so as to get better matching results. Simulation results show that, compared with the classical three-step, four-step searching algorithms and OHBM algorithm, this algorithm can reduce the time complexity efficiently. Moreover, since the algorithm makes use of the structure details of images, it is robust to complicated scenes.

Metal-organic framework (MOFs) composites are new kind of porous materials, with great specific surface area and extremely high porosity. MOFs have been in the catalytic application due to excellent catalytic properties such as, their unique structure and dispersed active centers. Hence, the chemical, environment and energy-related fields disciplines have made substantial applications of MOFs and its composites. Moreover, several researchers have made conducted extensive studies regarding the application of MOFs materials for air pollution control such as, including functionalization, loading, carbonization, oxidation of MOFs materials, and application of MOFs as sensors for air pollution monitoring. This review article is aimed at providing precise information about the efforts made by some researchers in the field of MOFs and MOFs derived materials and their application in other disciplines. The following areas have been succinctly reviewed: (1) general introduction of MOFs materials, (2) synthesis of various MOFs materials, composites and their derivatives, (3) catalysis of MOFs materials, composites and their derivatives on different air pollution, (4) summary and future prospects. We hope this review will help researchers understand more about the research progress of MOFs materials in the catalysis of air pollution.

Background Appropriate and effective use of biological agents is important to improve the benefits of psoriasis patients. We examined how the effects of interleukin (IL) inhibitors vary across patients' demographic, social, and clinical characteristics in treating psoriasis, and whether IL inhibitors are effective for managing mild-to-moderate psoriasis. Methods Data were collected from a large national registry in China from Sep 2020 to Sep 2021. Clinical benefits, measured by 75% (and 90%) or more improvement from baseline Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI 75 and PASI 90), were contrasted using the propensity-score-based causal inference methodology between the IL inhibitors and the conventional therapies. Candidates that can differentiate the benefits with P-values less than 0.05 were identified as predictors. Results Baseline PASI, DLQI, and employment demonstrated stronger predictability in achieving the benefits of IL inhibitors. For weeks 5-46, baseline PASI predicted an increasing relative benefit of biologics as the value increased from 0 to 5, followed by a V-shaped benefit as the value further increased. Baseline PASI scores at 5.4 and 1.0 predicted the maximal and minimal benefits on achieving PASI 75, with an increase in probabilities of 0.36 (95CI 0.28 to 0.44) and 0.03 (-0.14 to 0.20), respectively. Higher DLQI predicted the maximal benefit (0.55, 0.26 to 0.83) of achieving PASI 75 and lower DLQI predicted the minimal benefit of 0.13 (0.04 to 0.23). Part-time job predicted the maximal benefit of 0.28 (0.21 to 0.36) and full-time job predicted the minimal benefit of 0.15 (0.10 to 0.21). These findings were consistent in achieving PASI 75 and PASI 90. Conclusions This article fills the gap in treating mild psoriasis with IL inhibitor biologics. Patients with mild psoriasis, i.e. with PASI below 5 or BSA scores below 5, had statistically significant benefits from treatment with IL inhibitors. The studying provides evidence from real-world data on patients’ heterogeneous responses to IL inhibitor biologics. Identified clinical and social predictors can be used for treatment differentiation in clinical practice.

Colorectal diseases are threatening human health, especially inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). IBD is a group of chronic, recurrent and incurable disease, which may affect the entire gastrointestinal tract, increasing the risk of CRC. Eukaryotic gene expression is a complicated process, which is mainly regulated at the level of gene transcription and mRNA translation. Protein translation in tissue is associated with a sequence of steps, including initiation, elongation, termination and recycling. Abnormal regulation of gene expression is the key to the pathogenesis of CRC. In the early stages of cancer, it is vital to identify new diagnostic and therapeutic targets and biomarkers. This review presented current knowledge on aberrant expression of eIFs, eEFs and eRFs in colorectal diseases. The current findings of protein synthesis on colorectal pathogenesis showed that eIFs, eEFs and eRFs may be potential targets for CRC treatment.

A probe 3 (2-ethoxy-N-(2-(2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de] isoquinolin-6-yl)benzamide) that could selectively respond to Cr

Background Alternaria solani is a typical necrotrophic pathogen that can cause severe early blight on Solanaceae crops and cause ring disease on plant leaves. Phytopathogens produce secretory effectors that regulate the host immune response and promote pathogenic infection. Effector proteins, as specialized secretions of host-infecting pathogens, play important roles in disrupting host defense systems. At present, the role of the effector secreted by A. solani during infection remains unclear. We report the identification and characterization of AsCEP112, an effector required for A. solani virulence. Result The AsCEP112 gene was screened from the transcriptome and genome of A. solani on the basis of typical effector signatures. Fluorescence quantification and transient expression analysis showed that the expression level of AsCEP112 continued to increase during infection. The protein localized to the cell membrane of Nicotiana benthamiana and regulated senescence-related genes, resulting in the chlorosis of N. benthamiana and tomato leaves. Moreover, comparative analysis of AsCEP112 mutant obtained by homologous recombination with wild-type and revertant strains indicated that AsCEP112 gene played an active role in regulating melanin formation and penetration in the pathogen. Deletion of AsCEP112 also reduced the pathogenicity of HWC-168. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that AsCEP112 was an important effector protein that targeted host cell membranes. AsCEP112 regulateed host senescence-related genes to control host leaf senescence and chlorosis, and contribute to pathogen virulence.

Early blight (EB) disease, caused mainly by Alternaria solani, is an economic threat to potato and tomato production worldwide. Thus, accurate and sensitive detection of the fungal pathogen of this disease in plants at the early infection stage is important for forecasting EB epidemics. In this study, we developed an RNA-based method that enables highly accurate and sensitive A. solani detection in a whole potato leaf at a single spore level based on quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). We discovered jg1677, a highly expressed gene whose full-length coding sequence is very specific for A. solani, by analyzing A. solani transcripts isolated from enhanced high throughput transcriptome of infected potato leaves by A. solani and using the National Center for Biotechnology Information’s basic local alignment search tool. The specificity of the primers derived from jg1677 was determined using 22 isolates of common potato pathogens, including seven Alternaria isolates. Detecting jg1677 transcripts with qPCR is 1,295 times more sensitive than detecting genomic DNA. In addition, the expression pattern of jg1677 at different infection stages was determined by qPCR. What is more, jg1677 was expressed relatively stable between 15 and 35°C in infected leaves, and its expression was virtually unaffected in isolated leaves left at room temperature for 24 h. Our work provides a much more sensitive and accurate method compared to conditional DNA-based ones, permitting a very early diagnosis of EB and lowering the risk of EB epidemics.