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Thermochromic coatings are promising in lowering air conditioning energy consumption of buildings. In this paper, thermochromic coatings with five different colors are prepared and their optical properties are measured. A two-story office building model is established and simulation is conducted to evaluate the energy performance of thermochromic coatings by using a three-step control method based on their dynamic color-changing properties. A comparative analysis is carried out for thermochromic coatings, cool coating and common coating. It is observed that when the building is located in Shanghai, average daily surface temperature of thermochromic coatings is lower than the common coating during cooling period and higher than the cool coating during heating period. Annual energy consumption results indicate that thermochromic coatings can avoid the penalty of increasing heating load for cool coatings. In particular, the annual energy consumption of the office building using thermochromic coatings can be reduced by 4.28–5.02 kWh/m2 compared to the common coating, and 0.73–1.47 kWh/ m2 compared to the cool coating. Simulation of other cities in different climate zones in China reveals that thermochromic coatings have better energy saving effects especially for the areas with hot summers and cold winters, and relatively uniform distribution of cooling and heating demands. more...

Cache coherence protocols based on self-invalidation and self-downgrade have recently seen increased popularity due to their simplicity, potential performance efficiency, and low energy consumption. However, such protocols result in memory instruction reordering, thus causing extra program behaviors that are often not intended by the programmers. We propose a novel formal model that captures the semantics of programs running under such protocols, and features a set of fences that interact with the coherence layer. Using the model, we design an algorithm to analyze the reachability and check whether a program satisfies a given safety property with the current set of fences. We describe a method for insertion of optimal sets of fences that ensure correctness of the program under such protocols. The method relies on a counter-example guided fence insertion procedure. One feature of our method is that it can handle a variety of fences (with different costs). This diversity makes optimization more difficult since one has to optimize the total cost of the inserted fences, rather than just their number. To demonstrate the strength of our approach, we have implemented a prototype and run it on a wide range of examples and benchmarks. We have also, using simulation, evaluated the performance of the resulting fenced programs., Logical Methods in Computer Science ; Volume 14, Issue 1 ; 1860-5974 more...

This study selected the maxillary labial impacted canine as the research object to build the model of periodontal ligament (PDL) and simulate the process of orthodontic treatment. This paper obtained stress–strain curve by calculating and analyzing the data of nanoindentation experiments. The parameters were identified through curve fittings by ABAQUS. The fitting results show that the third-order Ogden model is in good agreement with the experimental data which demonstrate that the third-order Ogden model is able to reflect the material properties of the PDL. In this paper, orthodontic process of the maxillary labial impacted canine was simulated. The results show that inside and outside surfaces of PDL all have stress variation, the stress on the root apex and dental cervix of PDL is relatively large, the maximum appears at dental cervix and the minimum appears close to tooth impedance center. more...

Objective To establish the method- ultrasonic echocardiography (UCG) testing left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of chick embryos to evaluate cardiodepressant autoantibodies in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and heart failure (HF). Methods 36 cases with DCM patients with HF (DCM group) and 23 cases of coronary heart disease patients with HF (non-DCM group) were included. Cardiodepressant antibodies were determined by UCG of 18-day old chick embryos after adding the patients’ purified immunoglobulin G. Results EF of non-DCM group is 81.03 ± 2.67%, and it of DCM group is 81.24 ± 2.33%. EF is 62.04 ± 2.98% in 23 cases of DCM group. Conclusions Cardiodepressant antibodies were found in 63.9% of 36 patients with DCM and had no relation to other clinical parameters. more...

The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) is a promising pharmacological target for aging and age-related diseases. However, the integrative analysis of the impact of UPRmt activation on different signaling layers in animals with different genetic backgrounds is lacking. Here, we applied systems approaches to investigate the effect of UPRmt induced by doxycycline (Dox) on transcriptome, proteome, and lipidome in two genetically divergent worm strains, named N2 and CB4856. From the integrated omics datasets, we found that Dox prolongs lifespan of both worm strains through shared and strain-specific mechanisms. Specifically, Dox strongly impacts mitochondria, upregulates defense response, and lipid metabolism, while decreasing triglycerides. We further validated that lipid genes acs-2/20 and fat-7/6 were required for Dox-induced UPRmt and longevity in N2 and CB4856 worms, respectively. Our data have translational value as they indicate that the beneficial effects of Dox-induced UPRmt on life span are consistent across different genetic backgrounds through different regulators. more...