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This study explored how employees’ green commitments and attitudes strengthen the impact of Green Human Resource Management Practices (GHRMPs) on the Pro-environmental behavior (Pro-EB) of TEVT graduates & trainers at the workplace. The Technical Education and Vocational Training (TEVT) sector is now focusing on developing strategic, environmentally sustainable policies to develop their employee’s commitments & attitudes toward ecologically friendly activities. Using a convenient sampling technique, data was collected from 286 TEVT Trainers and TEVT graduates, and extracted results after applying PLS-SEM and Bootstrapping analysis showed that Green Human Resource Management Practices through Employee Green Commitments and Employee Green Attitude have a significant positive impact on pro-environmental behaviour. This study provides greater insight for policymakers on developing strong green commitments and attitudes among TEVT Trainers and graduates to achieve sustainable, environmentally friendly behavior at workplace and training institutes. Further in-depth analysis is therefore recommended based on PLS prediction (Q2) results by the addition of another variable.

Workplace fun has been taken as non supportive in organizaitons, however, happy and satisfied workers play a critical role in the success of the organizations. The fun at workplace enables the employees to remain calm and exert more effort in the performance of their tasks. Thus, the main objective of the research is to examine the effects of workplace fun on individual workplace outcomes. The extensive literature studied in the field of workplace fun and performance of employees, but the gap has found that how it affects on the employee’s work behavior outcomes. Therefore, it empirically examines the impact of workplace fun on job satisfaction, task performance and organization citizenship behavior of employees. Thirty four (34) item questionnaires were designed with five point Likert scale, which were distributed to the employees who had been working in the oil and gas companies. The convenience sampling technique was used that enable to get 216 effective responses. The key finding of this study is that workplace fun more positively on task performance as compared to job satisfaction and organization citizenship of employees. This study provides the platform for HR professionals that they should develop such an amusing and entertaining environment at work place through which employees love to do the work. This study also provides the new road map for further research: role of management, cultural issues, and parental status of employees can be considered for a future as a moderating variable.

OBJECTIVES Haemodialysis (HD) is a form of renal replacement therapy commonly prescribed for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. However, it is not without deleterious haemodynamic responses which may occur either during or immediately after the termination of the procedure. These may include hypotension or hypertension. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of intradialytic blood pressure changes in chronic kidney disease patients on maintenance hemodialysis.METHODOLOGY Patients with chronic kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis were enrolled. Predialysis and immediate post dialysis blood pressure was recorded. Increase in postdialysis blood pressure by >20mmHg was called intradialytic hypertension and decrease by >20mmHg was called intradialytic hypotension.RESULTSA total of 203 patients on maintenance hemodialysis were enrolled. Age of the patients ranged from 18 to 50 years. Mean age of the patients was 39.80 ± 5.245 years. Male to female ratio was 1.8:1. Intradialytic hypotension was observed in 36 patients (17.7%) while intradialytic hypertension was observed in 22 patients (10.8%).CONCLUSIONIntradialysis blood pressure fluctuations such as hypotension and hypertension are common complications during hemodialysis. Intradialytic hypotension is more frequent.

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), which has a high fatality rate if antibiotics are not given promptly, is one of the most serious side effects of nephrotic syndrome and ascites. Therefore, it is essential for survival to diagnose and treat SBP early. A quick dipstick test for leukocyte esterase can identify the SBP. Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy in detection of SBP using leucocyte esterase dipstick test in children with nephrotic syndrome taking ascitic fluid neutrophil count as gold standard. Methods: A Cross Sectional Study was carried out Khyber teaching hospital and LRH Peshawar Pakistan. This research covered patients of either gender with nephrotic syndrome and ascites. On admission, diagnostic paracentesis was performed. The ascitic fluid collected at the bedside was examined immediately using a reagent strip. The PMN cell count in ascitic fluid was then determined. A positive +3 result on a leukocyte esterase dipstick was declared positive for SBP while absolute neutrophil count more than 250 cells per mm3 was considered confirmatory. Results: A total of 107 patients were enrolled. Age of the patients ranged from 4 to 14 years. Mean age of the patients was 6.68 ± 1.239 years. Male to female ratio was 1.7: 1. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of leucocyte esterase dipstick test were 86.4%, 92.0%, 73.1% and 96.4% respectively. Conclusion: It is concluded that reagent strips are quick, practical, and low-cost diagnostics with good sensitivity and specificity for identifying SBP in children with nephrotic syndrome

This study aims to explore the association between a leader's State of Core Self-Evaluation and the complexity of tasks assigned to them. Previous research on this topic has established a strong foundation for the conceptual framework and hypotheses used in this study. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing an adapted questionnaire to gather data from 141 organizational leaders holding various positions in the banking sector. Statistical analysis of the data demonstrates that a leader's core self-evaluation is positively linked to task complexity. This implies that when leaders believe they possess the necessary abilities and skills to handle a task, their cognitive skills improve, leading to efficient task completion. Conversely, when leaders perceive a task as complex, they may exhibit avoidance behaviour and refrain from attempting to complete the task. These findings are useful in assessing leaders' performance under different levels of task complexity, particularly in a demanding work environment. Policymakers can also benefit from this research in understanding what triggers leader behaviour when task complexity increases. The results of this study align with previous research, indicating that a leader's State of Core Self-Evaluation and task complexity are crucial considerations in the field of management.

The study aims at workplace values and their essential role towards effective management. Perceived values of workplace are analyzed and discussed here with respect to an individual, organization or interactive perspective. Major thrust of this study was to examine impact of perceived significance of workplace values towards effective management especially in Pakistan, as these define the working methodologies and way an entity works. We used secondary data including published articles and relying on provided theories by the prior authors, we carried out conceptual analysis to support our arguments. After conceptual analysis, it is found that there are differences in perceived importance of workplace values and there needs to have a balance between the importance of workplace values for smooth and effective operations. The study has some limitations as it is conceptual in nature, but it provides ample amount of theoretical iimplications for future researchers. Furthermore, as it consists of secondary data, the research is about perceived importance of workplace values with employees and organizational perception and their impact on both.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of steroid therapy in Sydenham’s chorea in children. Study Design: Comparative prospective study. Place and Duration of Study: Inpatient and Outpatient Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore Pakistan, from Dec 2019 to May 2020. Methodology: Sixty-eight children of Sydenham’s chorea were divided in Group A and B. Each Group was treated with Diazepam (0.3mg-1mg/kg/day) and an injection of Benzathine Penicillin. Group-B was given additional oral prednisolone (2mg/kg/day) for four weeks, with tapering in the next two weeks. Epidemiological data, clinical features and laboratory parameters were collected. The Universiade Federal de Minas Gerais Sydenham’s chorea Rating Scale (USCRS) was applied to both groups at the presentation after two weeks and four weeks. Results: Out of 68 patients, the mean Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Sydenham's Chorea Rating Scale (USCRS) got progressively better in Group-B (mean score improvement was 25.73±5.56 at two weeks and 41.06±6.89 at four weeks) than in Group-A (mean score improvement was 9.12±3.75 at two weeks and 17.97±3.89 at four weeks) with p-value of

This study aims to analyse the prevailing situation in the country and to address National Harmony in Pakistan. The challenge of achieving national harmony is discussed in the paper by analysing different theoretical approaches and definitions given by different scholars. The issue of national harmony in Pakistan lies in the conflict between provinces on different issues ranging from 18th amendment to sharing resources. Both Baluchistan and Sindh are considered as problematic provinces with having grave issues and at the moment are exporting the problem of absence of national integration to other parts of the country. Various initiatives including positive role of media and youth in developing national harmony are also discussed from various aspects in the paper. At the end policy recommendations are drafted in order to gain national integration and national harmony in the multi-cultural society of Pakistan.

Remittances are the funds sent by individuals to their home country from the host country and are the main source of foreign funding after FDI. Remittances are a crucial source of subsistence for the countries that are still in developing phase. Due to of the increasing scale and effect on the origin country, the international remittance flows into the developing country have gained the attention of numerous analysts from all over the world. This study examines the role of foreign remittances in poverty alleviation utilizing the panel data set of Asian countries, precisely nine developing countries. For the dependent variable this study uses poverty gap and the independent variables are Remittances as percentage of GDP, Per capita GDP, External debt as percentage of GNI and Trade openness as percentage of GDP. The findings reveal that foreign emittances have a significant role in alleviating poverty gap. The results of the random effect model showed that a 1% increase in international remittances as percentage of GDP leads to a decrease of 65.932% in poverty gap at $1.90 poverty line in the sample developing economies from 1990-2019. In addition, the results indicate, trade openness and per capita GDP decrease poverty and external debt seems to increase poverty.

The knowledge about the ecology and relationship among plant-soil is required to increase the vegetation cover around the industrial units. However, no information is available about this aspect on seedling growth performance of commercially important timber tree, B. ceiba. This study was designed with the purpose to record the effects of soil of different industrial areas on seedling growth performances of B. ceiba in pot culture. The comparison of the results showed variable effects on plant height, cover, leaf size, seedling dry and fresh weight of B. ceiba raised in different industrial soil variably affected due to industrial activities. The assessment with the treatment of soils of Universal Chemicals showed maximum reduction in plant height and leaf area of B. ceiba. The treatment of National Foods Ltd. soil positively increased the growth for B. ceiba, as it may contain more nutrient supply required for proper growth of B. Ceiba. It was concluded that the soil of Universal Chemicals factory was found less favorable for growth variables of B. ceiba. The findings suggests that the plantation of B. ceiba around the industrial units would be helpful in increasing the vegetation cover.

To minimize the environmental burdens and to promote natural resource conservation and sustainability, a composite additive (CA) is proposed using paper and wood industry waste, i.e., lignosulphonate (LS) and lime (LM) as a replacement for conventional stabilizers. However, the implication of this proposed stabilizer for real construction scenarios requires a multi-objective optimization for a thorough guideline for practitioners. In this regard, the response surface methodology is used for the mix design optimization of the proposed CA for various construction scenarios (i.e., buildings, roadways, and slopes). An extensive testing program is designed and conducted to obtain different geotechnical parameters related to the mechanical, volumetric change, and hydraulic behavior of the soil with special attention to the stabilization mechanism. The interplay between variables (LS and LM) and responses is examined using the effective 3D surface diagrams, and mathematical models are derived for which the difference between R

Purpose The main purpose of research is to examine the relationships between diversity management and organizational performance along with the fostering role of leadership dimensions. Methodology Diversity management practices have been measured using the EPDMP scale on a sample of 514 employees from organizations across Pakistan and data were collected from employees of universities. The PLS-SEM was used as the main technique for data analysis. Findings Results show that higher workforce diversity does not automatically produce inclusive climate-specific diversity inclusive leadership dimensions are required to support diversity environment where employees feel valued and appreciated. Further, the results confirm that the diversity-inclusive leadership dimensions moderate the relationship between diversity management and organizational performance. Conclusions The study concluded that diversity management has a positive and significant direct impact on organizational performance. Therefore, policymakers need to devise human resource statutes, rules, regulations, policies, and practices that promote a heterogeneous workforce in organizations and offer equal opportunities to all employees unrestricted by individual employee identities such as gender, race, ethnicity, education, religion, function, and abilities. Practical implications The findings are very helpful for HR managers for effective diversity management to enhance their organizational performance. Originality/value: The study explains the association of diversity management practices and organizational performance and moderating role of diversity leadership dimensions.

Two series of new 2,1-benzothiazine-heteroaryl ethylidene derivatives 7(a–f) and 9(a–k) have been synthesized in excellent yields and tested against MAOs.

Agriculture is crucial for all of humanity and will continue to play a significant role in ensuring the continued food security of the world's expanding population. There are several illnesses that may affect plants, especially crop plants, which can result in significant reductions in production. Plants, and especially crop plants, are particularly susceptible to these diseases. The lessons learned from history show that illnesses of this kind not only harmed agricultural output but also had a negative impact on the economy. The majority of the losses may be attributed to fungal infections. Such fungal infections are imposing a continousthreat to the sustainability of plants gobally. These phytopathogens show great persistance in causing plant diseases and quality degradation. Pathogenic fungi employ a variety of techniques to colonies plants and infect them with illness. Necrotrophic fungi destroy their hosts and consume their remains, whereas other fungi invade live cells (biotrophs). Pathogenic growth is strictly controlled, and specific infection components are created, for the full invasion of vegetative organs. Fungal infections use a wide range of virulence determinants to further colonies hosts and spread illness. The roles that virulence variables play vary depending on the infection approach. Necrotrophic pathogens produce poisons that damage plant tissue, although most pathogens obstruct the main plant defense. Contrarily, biotrophs use effector chemicals to prevent plant cell damage and change the metabolism of plants in the pathogen's benefit.

War crimes not only cause immense suffering to individuals and communities but also undermine the very principles of humanity. The article provides an examination of some of the most heinous war crimes against humanity in recent history. The cases of the Holocaust, the Bosnian war, the Rwandan genocide, the Syrian war, the Palestine-Israel conflict, and the ongoing human rights violations in Kashmir are discussed in detail. These case studies highlight the devastating impact of war crimes on individuals, communities, and entire nations, and serve as a stark reminder of the importance of ensuring that the principles of international humanitarian law are upheld during the conflicts. By studying these case studies, the research gives an understanding of the complexities of war and how human rights violations can arise during times of conflict. Ultimately, this article serves as a call to action, urging all nations and individuals to work together to guard the rights of all people, regardless of their race, religion, or political beliefs.

Computer networks are widely used in today's society, and we utilize the Internet to connect to our home networks. IoT networks are a brand-new category of these networks where we attempt to connect various household equipment and attempt to issue orders from a distance. Hash code or message authentication code (MAC) is used for authentication, and several encryptions and decryption techniques guarantee secrecy. The cost of using traditional cryptographic security techniques in terms of computing resources like memory, processor power, and power consumption is high. There is no proper model/ framework available to address the major security issues of IoT devices. The literature address that still several gaps exist regarding security issues. To secure and protect future healthcare IoT systems, this research will provide a model that combines shallow learning with deep learning.

Epoxy composite coatings are used to reduce friction in mechanical components. The epoxy composites at high temperatures cause serious frictional effects due to poor surface characteristics. Hence, there is a need to find a substitute to improve their frictional behaviour in high-temperature conditions. Adding fillers and lubrication are key solutions to improve tribological properties. In this research work, diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy resin was coated on steel, and silica powder (5% by weight) was used as filler. The experiments were conducted under dry and lubricated conditions with and without filler. The coefficient of friction (COF) was examined at different temperatures. The results show that the COF increases with an increase in temperature. In addition, the minimum average COF was observed in the case of epoxy coating with the filler under lubrication conditions. For that case, up to 94.4% decrease in COF was observed as compared to epoxy coating without filler under dry conditions, a 48.33% decrease in COF to epoxy coating without filler under lubricated conditions and a 17.98% decrease in COF than epoxy coating with the filler under dry condition was perceived. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and surface roughness analyses were also conducted to examine the surface of the specimen after the experiment. A worn and rougher surface was observed in the case of epoxy without filler under dry conditions. The more coefficient of friction at high temperatures is due to the thermal degradation of the epoxy matrix at high temperatures, which results in a rougher surface.

MT-II is a spherical tokamak with a major radius of 0.15 m and a minor radius of 0.09 m, currently under development at the Pakistan Tokamak Plasma Research Institute. It is designed with a higher elongation of 2.67. This paper presents the design and material analysis of the limiter configuration for the MT-II tokamak, which is being carried out in two phases. In the first phase, theoretical studies and calculations are performed to estimate the plasma edge temperature, density, particle velocity, input power, heat flux, heat load and surface temperature on the limiter tile. In the second phase, computational techniques are applied to analyses the material properties, the maximum/minimum surface temperature rise (∆T °C) at stable heat load and power deposition based on theoretical calculations that will help optimize the design parameters of the limiter. The type of material and the surface temperature of the limiter as well as the general design parameters of MT-II are included in the proposed poloidal limiter. The results suggest that crystalline vein graphite is a suitable candidate for the proposed poloidal limiter. A combination of mechanical and electrical feedthrough techniques are used to improve the performance of the limiter. The proposed limiter is able to meet the requirements of MT-II.

Objective: The current gold standard for the diagnosis of ureteric stones in patients with a stent in situ is ureteroscopy but this study is planned to determine the positive predictive value of computerized tomography (CT) scan among such patients. Methods: This study involved patients who had ureteral stent in situ and were referred for re-evaluation of residual stones after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. These patients underwent CT-scan for detection of ureteric stone. Later on, ureteroscopy was performed and ureteric stone was confirmed on direct visualization. Results: The mean age of the patients was 32.2±8.9 years. Male to female ratio of 1.7:1. CT scan shows a stone in 252 patients (70.2%) out of which 165 (46.0%) were confirmed on ureteroscopy. This yielded a sensitivity of 88.7 %, specificity of 49.7 %, positive predictive value of 65.5%, negative predictive value of 80.4% and diagnostic accuracy of 69.9% of CT for detecting ureteric calculi in patients with ureteric stents (p value < 0.0001). Conclusion: CT scan owing to its limited diagnostic accuracy cannot replace ureteroscopy for detection of ureteric stones in patients with ureteric stents.

This review paper looks at how e-commerce has shown up as a vital means of stimulating productivity and growth in the current digital age, penetrating the markets of most of the world deep without any signs of letting up. Moreover, it also looks at e-commerce growth and its usage in Pakistan in the recent times, its potentiality, and draws a comparison with China’s successful usage of e-commerce to boost productivity and alleviate poverty, allowing rural areas also to reap the benefits the internet provides. Can Pakistan also somehow use e-commerce to do the same and lift out the millions struck in destitution, somehow fixing the economy in the process? Plagued by structural, geographical, educational, lingual, technological, and cultural issues, this paper also does a parallel analysis with Abhijeet Bannerjee’s Poverty Alleviation Theory in hopes of rooting out the shortcomings Pakistan faces. This is done with the intention of identifying what can be done to rectify these glaring issues using an approach that’s palatable to the Pakistani population.

Background: Our study's major goal is to examine how several existing ULMCAD Currently, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting are the most common non-invasive methods of treating (unprotected left predominant) CAD in the United States (CABG). Place of study and duration: Conducted at the department of Cardiology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar for the Duration from July 1 -2016 to Jun 30 -2017. Methods and Results: The effects of PCI and CABG have been analyzed in 558 patients with ULMCAD in a row (suggest age 71.9 years, eighty-one percent male). The most important end results were a total prevalence of mortality, nonfatal MI, and stroke. Diabetes prevalence increased to 29 percent, whereas acute coronary syndrome increased to 56 percent and 11 became the standard Euro SCORE. An extremely complicated form of coronary disease affected 50% of the patients (SYNTAX score >32). Up to four years after PCI and CABG, the primary composite outcomes were equivalent (15, 53, 1 percent vs. 17,126.6 percent; p=0.585). Additionally, the impacts on the top findings were equivalent for the 2 cohorts with similar propensity ratings. Revascularization was required in 5.5 percent of PCI patients and 1.5 percent of CABG patients, respectively, due to ischemia (p=0.010). Conclusions: According to our local network of ULMCAD patients, the long-term scientific outcomes of the present PCI or CABG revascularization procedures were equivalent. No matter the intricacy of the coronary artery.

Background: The prevalence and success of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) varies widely between regions, with South Asia displaying some of the greatest regional differences. Objectives: Examining PCI procedures and their outcomes in Pakistan over time and comparing this information to that from other countries is the goal of this study. Methods: Throughout the course of a year, information was collected from several cardiac catheterization laboratories in Pakistan. An in-depth history of each patient was recorded, along with data on their procedures, the tools and drugs they required, their outcomes, and any complications that may have arisen. Results: The study contained information from 22,741 patients. Their average age was 64.2 years (11.7) and they were predominantly male (70%). Acute coronary syndrome was the most prevalent symptom (57%), while ST-elevation myocardial infarction was the most common type of heart attack (28%). Multivessel disease was present in nearly two-thirds of patients, and 11% of those patients also had substantial left main stenosis. Almost half of these procedures (44.2%) opted for the transradial route. In spite of the high complexity of the lesions (56.9% class C lesion), the operative success rate was quite good at 95.2%. There was a 5.3% rate of procedure-related complications and a 2.8% rate of in-hospital deaths. Conclusion: The collected data shed light on the state of PCI in the United States, both in terms of its implementation and its results. Despite the complexity of the lesions being treated, the success rate was high, and problems were minimal.

Relaxin family peptides significantly regulate reproduction, nutrient metabolism, and immune response in mammals. The present study aimed to identify and characterize the relaxin family peptides in cattle and buffalo at the genome level. The genomic and proteomic sequences of cattle, buffalo, goat, sheep, horse, and camel were accessed through the NCBI database, and BLAST was performed. We identified four relaxin peptides genes (RLN3, INSL3, INSL5, and INSL6) in Bos taurus, whereas three relaxin genes (RLN3, INSL3, and INSL6) in Bubalus bubalis. Evolutionary analysis revealed the conserved nature of relaxin family peptides in buffalo and cattle. Physicochemical properties revealed that relaxin proteins were thermostable, hydrophilic, and basic peptides except for INSL5 which was an acidic peptide. Three nonsynonymous mutations (two in RLN3 at positions A16 > T and P29 > A, and one in INSL6 at position R32 > Q) in Bos taurus, whereas two nonsynonymous mutations (one in RLN3 at positions G105 > w and one in INSL3 at position G22 > R) in Bubalus bubalis, were identified. INSL3 had one indel (insertion) at position 55 in Bos taurus. Gene duplication analysis revealed predominantly segmental duplications (INSL5/RLN3 and INSL6/INSL3 gene pairs) that helped expand this gene family, whereas Bubalus bubalis showed primarily tandem duplication (INSL3/RLN3). Our study concluded that relaxin family peptides remained conserved during the evolution, and gene duplications might help to adapt and enrich specific functions like reproduction, nutrient metabolism, and immune response. Further, the nonsynonymous mutations identified potentially affect these functions in buffalo.

This paper deals with the development of a novel time-domain analytical method to perform an aeroelastic stability analysis of a high aspect ratio wing. The aerodynamic model in this paper is built upon the frequency domain of Theodorsen aerodynamics. An inverse Fourier transform technique is applied to convert the Theodorsen frequency domain transfer function to the Wagner time-domain response function. Later, lift and moment expressions, containing aerodynamic lag states are obtained using the indicial function approach which performs the convolution of the unit step response Wagner lift function with arbitrary input and its time derivative using the principle of superposition. Additional equations containing the derivative of aerodynamic lag states are coupled with previously obtained lift and moment expressions to fully get the complete unsteady aerodynamic model in the time-domain. This time-domain unsteady aerodynamic model is then coupled with a combined bending torsion beam finite element model, using the state space approach. A complex eigenvalue analysis of this state space system is performed, using MATLAB, to determine both the static and dynamic aeroelastic stability boundary. Finally, in this paper, aeroelastic stability analysis of the high aspect ratio wing is performed using the current method and results are validated with MSC Nastran aeroelastic analysis and those available in the literature.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to determine the salivary composition of Oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective study was conducted over 6 months on data of 60 Oral squamous cell carcinoma patients obtained from the patient records of the Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine, Peshawar. Salivary pH, Sodium, Potassium, and total proteins of Oral squamous cell carcinoma patients were recorded. RESULTS: Sodium, Potassium, and total protein concentration in saliva of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients were 23.5 mM/L, 96.7mM/L, and 234.6 mM/L, respectively. These values were significantly higher than normal salivary concentration. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the saliva of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients contains higher concentrations of Sodium, Potassium, and total proteins.

IntroductionIntellectual disability (ID) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder. It drastically affects the learning capabilities of patients and eventually reduces their IQ level below 70.MethodsThe current genetic study ascertained two consanguineous Pakistani families suffering from autosomal recessive intellectual developmental disorder-5 (MRT5). We have used exome sequencing followed by Sanger sequencing to identify the disease-causing variants.Results and discussionGenetic analysis using whole exome sequencing in these families identified two novel mutations in the NSUN2 (NM_017755.5). Family-A segregated a novel missense variant c.953A>C; p.Tyr318Ser in exon-9 of the NSUN2. The variant substituted an amino acid Tyr318, highly conserved among different animal species and located in the functional domain of NSUN2 known as “SAM-dependent methyltransferase RsmB/NOP2-type”. Whereas in family B, we identified a novel splice site variant c.97-1G>C that affects the splice acceptor site of NSUN2. The identified splice variant (c.97-1G>C) was predicted to result in the skipping of exon-2, which would lead to a frameshift followed by a premature stop codon (p. His86Profs*16). Furthermore, it could result in the termination of translation and synthesis of dysfunctional protein, most likely leading to nonsense-mediated decay. The dynamic consequences of NSUN2 missense variant was further explored together with wildtype through molecular dynamic simulations, which uncovered the disruption of NSUN2 function due to a gain in structural flexibility. The present molecular genetic study further extends the mutational spectrum of NSUN2 to be involved in ID and its genetic heterogeneity in the Pakistani population.

This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-022-03629-7.

Urease enzyme is an infectious factor that provokes the growth and colonization of virulence pathogenic bacteria in humans. To overcome the deleterious effects of bacterial infections, inhibition of urease enzyme is one of the promising approaches. The current study is designed to synthesize new 1,2-benzothiazine- N -arylacetamide derivatives 5 ( a-n ) that can effectively provide a new drug candidate to avoid bacterial infections by urease inhibition. After structural elucidation by FT-IR, proton and carbon-13 NMR and mass spectroscopy, the synthesized compounds 5 ( a-n ) were investigated to evaluate their inhibitory potential against urease enzyme. In vitro analysis against positive control of thiourea indicated that all the synthesized compounds have strong inhibitory strengths as compared to the reference drug. Compound 5k , being the most potent inhibitor, strongly inhibited the urease enzymes and revealed an IC 50 value of 9.8 ± 0.023 µM when compared with the IC 50 of thiourea (22.3 ± 0.031 µM)—a far more robust inhibitory potential. Docking studies of 5k within the urease active site revealed various significant interactions such as H-bond, π-alkyl with amino acid residues like Val744, Lys716, Ala16, Glu7452, Ala37 and Asp730.

Purpose: To assess the rate and factors associated with non-adherence of Rivaroxaban in patients with deep venous thrombosis. Methodology: An observational longitudinal study was conducted at the Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University & Hospital, Karachi between June 2022 to November 2022. Patients with known malignancy with or without chemotherapy, those with a known diagnosis of hypercoagulability disorder or a history of limb trauma leading to deep venous thrombosis were included in the study. Patients who have refused to start rivaroxaban treatment prescribed by vascular surgeons, those with cognitive disabilities, such as dementia, who need to rely on a caregiver for their medical care were excluded. The frequency of missed doses, side effects, and causes of non-adherence to the prescribed treatment were recorded. Results: A total of 180 patients were recruited with a mean age of 66.3 ± 8.2 years. Out of 180 patients, 111 (61.6%) missed at least one dose during treatment. We reported the self-reported adherence of 70%. 72 (30%) were non-adherent. Majority revealed that they forget to take medicine; 78 (43.3%) or experienced side effects; 60 (33.3%). Five patients were hospitalized due to serious adverse events (bleeding per rectal and gastrointestinal). Conclusion: A significant percentage of non-adherence among participants was found in our study. One of the primary causes of non-adherence was forgetfulness. We recommended that patients get appropriate counseling on the expected results and negative effects of the medicine in order to promote adherence to Rivaroxaban. Keywords: Adherence, compliance, deep venous thrombosis, Rivaroxaban

Objective: To determine the etiological risk factors of arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in children. Study Design: An observational cohort study. Place and Duration of the Study: Neurology department of “The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Multan”, from January 2020 to December 2020. Methods: Children in the age group from one month of age to 12 years with a history of acute onset of focal neurological deficit of upper motor nerve and positive findings on neuroimaging were included in the study. The workup included baseline lab testing, neuroimaging, cardiac evaluation, and cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) laboratory testing. We used predesigned proforma for recording the patient's details and the possible etiology of the stroke. Results: In a total of 84 children, 28 (33.3%) were male and 56 (66.7%) were female. Age ranged from 4 months to 11 years with a mean age of 3.4±2.2 years. Etiological risk factors identified in 62 (73.8%) patients and were remained undetermined in 22 (26.2%) patients. The risk factors identified were central nervous system infection arteriopathy in 22 (26.2%), iron deficiency anemia 20 (23.8%), cardiac disorders 11 (13.1%), moyamoya disease in 5 (6.0%), and mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes in 4 (4.8%) patients. Practical Implications: It is essential to know the etiology of risk factors responsible for AIS as the management and prognosis are directly influenced by them. Conclusion: Infection-associated arteriopathy was the most common etiological risk factor for arterial ischemic stroke in our study population. Keywords: Anemia, arterial ischemic stroke, central nervous system, moamoya

The study's goal is to see how servant leadership and corporate culture affect work engagement. While leadership has been proven to have an impact, the effect and procedure underlying work engagement has attracted scant attention. Despite the fact that servant leadership followers are more inclined to be involved, this is especially relevant of servant leadership. We investigate the role organizational culture plays like a potential mediator in the study below, seeking to discover whether servant leadership builds organizational culture that, as a result, enhances work engagement. Overall,we find strong evidence suggesting servant leadership can forecast organizational culture along with the other extensions related to job engagement which include dedication, absorption and vigor, while organizational culture, undermines the effect of servant leadership style. Lastly,all three components of work engagement are positively related to an organization's culture.

Air pollution is found to have significant association with living health all over global world. Environment Protection Department of Punjab, Pakistan provides the monthly air quality index (AQI) data on air pollution with concentrated particulates like PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2 and O3. Air particulates concentrations may vary of season, regional geography and climate. We performed blood sampling of 45 dogs from different breeds (Labrador retrievers, German shepherds and Pit bulls) from three different areas categorized on basis of AQI as less polluted (Gulberg), polluted (Town Hall) and highly polluted (Shadman) in winter and spring seasons. Data were analysed using paired sample t-tests for seasonal study and independent sample t-tests for area and breed study by SPSS (P < 0.05 ascertained as significant). Seasonal study resulted that less polluted area had no significant effects on hematological indices in any three breeds of dogs in both seasons. Polluted area was presented with increased significant effects on values of monocytes in Labrador retrievers, Hct and MCHC in German shepherds while decreased significant effects on MCH value in Pit bulls in winter season as compared to spring season. Highly polluted area had significant effects with decreasing WBC counts only in German shepherds in winter season than spring season. This study concludes that polluted and highly polluted areas in winter season with worst AQI affects blood indices more than spring season in dogs.