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The Gene Ontology (GO) knowledgebase (http://geneontology.org) is a comprehensive resource concerning the functions of genes and gene products (proteins and noncoding RNAs). GO annotations cover genes from organisms across the tree of life as well as viruses, though most gene function knowledge currently derives from experiments carried out in a relatively small number of model organisms. Here, we provide an updated overview of the GO knowledgebase, as well as the efforts of the broad, international consortium of scientists that develops, maintains, and updates the GO knowledgebase. The GO knowledgebase consists of three components: (1) the GO—a computational knowledge structure describing the functional characteristics of genes; (2) GO annotations—evidence-supported statements asserting that a specific gene product has a particular functional characteristic; and (3) GO Causal Activity Models (GO-CAMs)—mechanistic models of molecular “pathways” (GO biological processes) created by linking multiple GO annotations using defined relations. Each of these components is continually expanded, revised, and updated in response to newly published discoveries and receives extensive QA checks, reviews, and user feedback. For each of these components, we provide a description of the current contents, recent developments to keep the knowledgebase up to date with new discoveries, and guidance on how users can best make use of the data that we provide. We conclude with future directions for the project.

Volcano flank collapses have been documented at ocean islands worldwide and are capable of triggering devastating tsunamis, but little is known about the precursory processes and deformation changes prior to flank failure. This makes the 22 December 2018 flank collapse at Anak Krakatau in Indonesia a key event in geosciences. Here, we provide direct insight into the precursory processes of the final collapse. We analyzed interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data from 2014 to 2018 and studied the link between the deformation trend and intrusion occurrence through analogue modeling. We found that the flank was already moving at least 4 yr prior to collapse, consistent with slow décollement slip. Movement rates averaged ∼27 cm/yr, but they underwent two accelerations coinciding with distinct intrusion events in January/February 2017 and in June 2018. Analogue models suggest that these accelerations occurred by (re)activation of a décollement fault linked to a short episode of magma intrusion. During intrusion, we observed a change in the internal faults, where the outward-directed décollement accelerated while inward faults became partially blocked. These observations suggest that unstable oceanic flanks do not disintegrate abruptly, but their collapse is preceded by observable deformations that can be accelerated by new intrusions., The 28th IUGG General Assembly (IUGG2023) (Berlin 2023)

Pomace as a side stream from black currant juice production is mostly discarded, even though it is rich in nutrients like protein, fiber, sugars, anthocyanins, polyphenols, and other secondary metabolites. Fungi from the division of Basidiomycota have a great enzymatic toolbox to recycle these complex mixtures of nutrients. In particular, the edible medicinal fungus Wolfiporia cocos has been described as a suitable biocatalyst to form pleasant aroma compounds in fermentation processes. Therefore, medium optimization, upscaling, and filtration were performed to produce a beverage based on black currant pomace fermented with W. cocos. A trained panel described the beverage as highly pleasant, reminiscent of honey, flowers and berries with a well-balanced sour and sweet taste. The flavor compounds linalool (citrus), geraniol (flowery), phenylacetic acid (honey), methyl phenylacetate (honey), eugenol (clove), and 2-phenylethanol (rose) were produced during fermentation and the concentrations exceeded their respective odor thresholds. The produced beverage was evaluated with 8.0 ± 1.4 from 10 for the question of whether panelists would buy the product. Fungal fermentation with the edible fungus W. cocos enabled the production of a highly pleasant beverage and additionally may reduce waste by using pomace and table sugar as sole ingredients.

To report the effect of surgeon and facility volume on outcomes of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and laser treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We also investigate disparities in access to care by identifying demographic predictors of receipt of treatment at high-volume facilities.We used New York State Department of Health Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) data. We included 18,041 (41.4%) and 25,577 (58.6%) adult patients that underwent TURP and laser procedures in the outpatient setting between January 2005 and December 2018, respectively. Average annual surgeon and facility volumes were broken down by tertile. The effect of volume on short-term outcomes (30-day and 90-day readmission) was examined using mixed-effect logistic regression models. Cox-proportional-hazard models were used to assess the association between volume and long-term stricture development and reoperation. Demographic predictors of treatment at high-volume facilities were assessed using multinomial logistic regression.High-volume facilities were more likely to offer laser procedures compared to low-volume facilities. Higher facility and surgeon volume were associated with lower odds of 30 and 90-day readmissions compared to low-volume facilities. There was no difference in reoperation and stricture development between surgeon volume groups. Medicaid insurance, Hispanic ethnicity, and Black race were inversely associated with treatment at high-volume facilities.Higher surgeon and facility volumes were associated with lower odds of readmission. Higher facility volume was associated with lower hazards of reoperation and developing strictures. Medicaid insurance and non-white race were associated with lower odds of treatment at high-volume facilities, highlighting racial and socioeconomic disparities in access to high-volume BPH surgery facilities.

To describe the properties of glass-forming liquids, the concepts of a cooperativity length or the size of cooperatively rearranging regions are widely employed. Their knowledge is of outstanding importance for the understanding of both thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the systems under consideration and the mechanisms of crystallization processes. By this reason, methods of experimental determination of this quantity are of outstanding importance. Proceeding in this direction, we determine the so-called cooperativity number and, based on it, the cooperativity length by experimental measurements utilizing AC calorimetry and quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) at comparable times. The results obtained are different in dependence on whether temperature fluctuations in the considered nanoscale subsystems are either accounted for or neglected in the theoretical treatment. It is still an open question, which of these mutually exclusive approaches is the correct one. As shown in the present paper on the example of poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA), the cooperative length of about 1 nm at 400 K and a characteristic time of ca. 2 μs determined from QENS coincide most consistently with the cooperativity length determined from AC calorimetry measurements if the effect of temperature fluctuations is incorporated in the description. This conclusion indicates that─accounting for temperature fluctuations─the characteristic length can be derived by thermodynamic considerations from the specific parameters of the liquid at the glass transition and that temperature does fluctuate in small subsystems.

The article discusses avalanche occurrence in the Slovenian Alps (SE Alps) in the context of climate change. It analyses the relationship between the North Atlantic Oscillation and maximum snow depth over the last two centuries, and the relationships between maximum snow depth and avalanches over the last three decades. We argue that higher temperatures lead to precipitation in the form of rain at higher elevations even in winter, so that major wet avalanches occur already in winter rather than in early spring, as was more common in the past. A case study of extreme avalanches in January 2021 is presented to support the hypothesis.

Insights into the template-induced self-assembly of dodecanuclear polyoxovanadate host–guest complexes is provided by solution and solid-state methods.

Objectives Conventionally, reference intervals are established by direct methods, which require a well-characterized, obviously healthy study population. This elaborate approach is time consuming, costly and has rarely been applied to steroid hormones measured by mass spectrometry. In this feasibility study, we investigate whether indirect methods based on routine laboratory results can be used to verify reference intervals from external sources. Methods A total of 11,259 serum samples were used to quantify 13 steroid hormones by mass spectrometry. For indirect estimation of reference intervals, we applied a “modified Hoffmann approach”, and verified the results with a more sophisticated statistical method (refineR). We compared our results with those of four recent studies using direct approaches. Results We evaluated a total of 81 sex- and age-specific reference intervals, for which at least 120 measurements were available. The overall agreement between indirectly and directly determined reference intervals was surprisingly good as nearly every fourth reference limit could be confirmed by narrow tolerance limits. Furthermore, lower reference limits could be provided for some low concentrated hormones by the indirect method. In cases of substantial deviations, our results matched the underlying data better than reference intervals from external studies. Conclusions Our study shows for the first time that indirect methods are a valuable tool to verify existing reference intervals for steroid hormones. A simple “modified Hoffmann approach” based on the general assumption of a normal or lognormal distribution model is sufficient for screening purposes, while the refineR algorithm may be used for a more detailed analysis.

GreenLight photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) has gained widespread adoption as an option to traditional transurethral resection of the prostate. Prior reports expressed concern with the use of PVP in large prostates. The aim of this study was to investigate the adjusted outcomes of GreenLight PVP in men with large (≥ 80 cc) vs. small prostates ( 80 cc).Data were obtained from the Global Greenlight Group which pools data from 7 high volume centers. Men with established benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent GreenLight PVP using the XPS-180 W system between 2011 and 2019 were eligible and assigned into two groups based on their prostate size (≥ 80 and 80 cc). 11 functional and perioperative covariates were collected. Analyses were adjusted for patient age and presence of median lobe.3426 men met the inclusion criteria. 34.6% (n = 1187) of patients had a large prostate size. Baseline age and prostate volume were significantly different between the groups. The magnitude of absolute improvement in unadjusted international prostate symptom score was significantly greater in the large (≥ 80 cc) prostate group at 12 months, with an absolute change of 19.17 points (95% CI 18.46-19.88; p 0.01). There was also a significant drop in PVR at both 6- (p = 0.007) and 12 months (p = 0.005). There were no significant differences in transfusion (p = 0.42), hematuria (p = 0.80), or 30-day readmission rates (p = 0.28).Greenlight PVP is a safe and effective alternative for patients with prostate sizes ≥ 80 cc, with durable outcomes relatively independent from prostate size.

Background There are growing interests for minimally invasive surgical techniques (MISTs) for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) associated lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) uses selective angioembolization of prostatic arteries, thereby reducing size to improve LUTS/BPH. However, real-world data comparing surgical outcomes between MISTs and tissue resective techniques is lacking. We assessed the differences in surgical outcomes between PAE, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), and prostatic urethral lift (PUL) in a real world-population for LUTS/BPH. Methods We present an observational population-based study of 12,902 men with BPH in New York State who received PAE, TURP, and PUL in outpatient and ambulatory surgery settings from 2014 to 2018. For short-term outcomes, we report 30-day and 90-day risks of readmission to inpatient and emergency room (ER) with/without complications and compared them across groups using Chi-square tests and mixed effect logistic regressions. For long-term outcomes, we report surgical retreatment and stricture rates using Kaplan Meier failure curves and compared them using Log rank tests and Cox regression models. Results Of 12 902 men, 335 had PAE, 11 205 had TURP, and 1 362 had PUL. PAE patients had the highest 30-day (19.9%) and 90-day (35.6%) risks of readmission to inpatient or ER (pConclusion In a real-world population, PAE was associated with the most frequent 30-day and 90-day readmission to inpatient or ER and the highest retreatment rate among all surgical techniques even when controlled for individual patient comorbidities and surgical volume.

Boundary stones are physical markers that identify land borders and above all changes thereto. They are often placed in particularly visible places and inscribed with various kinds of relevant information. They are used for marking borders between countries or between various levels of administrative units within countries as well as for delimiting private landholdings. In the territory of the former Habsburg Monarchy, one can locate many boundary stones that, for example, marked the boundaries of seigniorial, dominical, and church estates as well as administrative and provincial borders. This contribution presents the latter, that is, boundary stones that marked the “Slovenian” section of the border which separated the Duchy of Styria and the Kingdom of Hungary until the end of the First World War, with a particular focus on the wider area of the Municipality of Ljutomer. Although these boundary stones no longer serve their original purpose, in some areas they still coincide with municipal and cadastral boundaries.

Objective: Patients with elevated CHA2DS2-VASc scores are at high risk for atrial fibrillation (AF) and thromboembolic events (TE) after cardiac surgery. Left atrial appendage exclusion (LAAE) is a permanent, continuous approach to stroke prevention in AF, overcoming limitations of oral anticoagulation (OAC). We report ATLAS trial results focused on LAAE technical success and perioperative safety and TE rates with and without LAAE in cardiac surgery patients who developed postoperative AF (POAF). Methods: ATLAS (NCT02701062) was a prospective, multicenter, feasibility trial. Patients age ≥18 years, undergoing structural heart procedure, with no preoperative AF, CHA2DS2-VASc ≥2, and HAS-BLED ≥2 were randomized 2:1 to LAAE or no LAAE. Patients who developed POAF and/or received LAAE were followed for 1 year. LAAE was evaluated with intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography. Results: A total of 562 patients were randomized to LAAE ( n = 376) or no LAAE ( n = 186). Mean CHA2DS2-VASc (3.4 vs 3.4) and HAS-BLED (2.8 vs 2.9) scores were similar for LAAE and no LAAE groups. LAAE success (no flow nor residual stump >10 mm) was 99%. One LAAE-related serious adverse event (0.27%) occurred and was resolved without sequelae. There were 44.3% of patients who developed POAF. Through 1 year, 3.4% of LAAE patients and 5.6% of no LAAE patients had TE. OAC was used by 32.5% of POAF patients. Bleeding was higher with OAC than without (16.1% vs 5.4%, P = 0.008). Conclusions: ATLAS demonstrated a high rate of successful LAAE with low LAAE-related serious adverse events in cardiac surgery patients. Study results should be considered in future trial design to further evaluate prophylactic LAAE for stroke prevention in cardiac surgery patients with elevated stroke risk.

Mutations in the complement factor I (CFI) gene have previously been identified as causes of recurrent CNS inflammation. We present a case of a 26-year-old man with 18 episodes of recurrent meningitis, who had a variant in CFI(c.859G>A,p.Gly287Arg) not previously associated with neurologic manifestations. He achieved remission with canakinumab, a human monoclonal antibody targeted at interleukin-1 beta.

Xenbase (https://www.xenbase.org/), the Xenopus model organism knowledgebase, is a web-accessible resource that integrates the diverse genomic and biological data from research on the laboratory frogs Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis. The goal of Xenbase is to accelerate discovery and empower Xenopus research, to enhance the impact of Xenopus research data, and to facilitate the dissemination of these data. Xenbase also enhances the value of Xenopus data through high-quality curation, data integration, providing bioinformatics tools optimized for Xenopus experiments, and linking Xenopus data to human data, and other model organisms. Xenbase also plays an indispensable role in making Xenopus data interoperable and accessible to the broader biomedical community in accordance with FAIR principles. Xenbase provides annotated data updates to organizations such as NCBI, UniProtKB, Ensembl, the Gene Ontology consortium, and most recently, the Alliance of Genomic Resources, a common clearing house for data from humans and model organisms. This article provides a brief overview of key and recently added features of Xenbase. New features include processing of Xenopus high-throughput sequencing data from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus; curation of anatomical, physiological, and expression phenotypes with the newly created Xenopus Phenotype Ontology; Xenopus Gene Ontology annotations; new anatomical drawings of the Normal Table of Xenopus development; and integration of the latest Xenopus laevis v10.1 genome annotations. Finally, we highlight areas for future development at Xenbase as we continue to support the Xenopus research community.

Arteriovenous malformations are potentially the most aggressive and difficult type of vascular malformations to treat. We report the case of a 25-year-old female patient who underwent surgery for recurrence of arteriovenous malformation in the right upper limb at the level of the pulsatile arm that caused pain on movement (Schobinger Stage II) and Cho-Do angiographic stage IIIb. with a history of resection of arteriovenous malformation in the same location in the previous 6 years. It was resolved with bloc resection of the angioma, the deltoid muscle, and the basilic vein.

Objectives: By now, many long-term symptoms after COVID-19 are described, mostly concerning hospitalized patients. Our aim was to investigate the long-term effect of COVID-19 on the lung function with focus on the diffusion capacity of athletes. Methods: 99 athletes (34.17±11.94 years, 56% female) after COVID-19 and 36 athletes (25.80±6.70 years, 65% female) without COVID-19 as controls were included. Symptom severity and lung function were assessed. Lung function of controls were compared with athletes after COVID-19 and changes in patients with dyspnea (during infection and at time of appointment) and changes over time between infection and examination on lung function were examined. Results: Exertional dyspnea during the infection was reported by 51% of athletes after COVID-19, respectively 27% at the time of examination (158±137 days after infection). 30% of athletes after COVID-19 showed a reduced Diffusion Capacity of the Lungs for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO

Novel therapeutic approaches combining immune checkpoint inhibitors are needed to improve clinical outcomes for patients with cancer. Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is an immune checkpoint molecule that inhibits T-cell activity and antitumor immune responses, acting through an independent mechanism from that of programmed death-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4). Here, we describe the development and preclinical characterization of relatlimab, a human antibody that binds to human LAG-3 with high affinity and specificity to block the interaction of LAG-3 with the ligands MHC II and fibrinogen like protein-1, and to reverse LAG-3–mediated inhibition of T-cell function in vitro. Consistent with previous reports, in mouse models, the combined blockade of LAG-3 and PD-1 with surrogate antibodies resulted in enhanced anti-tumor activity greater than the individual blockade of either receptor. In toxicity studies in cynomolgus monkeys, relatlimab was generally well tolerated when combined with nivolumab. These results are consistent with findings from the RELATIVITY-047 phase 2/3 trial showing that relatlimab combined with nivolumab is a well-tolerated regimen that demonstrated superior progression-free survival compared with nivolumab monotherapy in patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma.SynopsisPreclinical studies demonstrate that relatlimab specifically blocks the interaction between LAG-3 and its ligands, and provide a biological rationale for combining relatlimab with the anti−PD-1 antibody nivolumab as an effective cancer immunotherapeutic strategy.

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Menschen mit Demenz (MmD) zu versorgen, fordert Gesundheitssystem und pflegende Angehörige heraus und ist nur durch interprofessionelle medizinische und pflegerische Betreuung zu bewältigen. Fragestellung / Ziel: Die AHeaD-Studie untersuchte Einstellungen von Hausärzt_innen (HÄ) und Pflegefachpersonen (PFP) zur Übertragung bislang hausärztlich ausgeführter Tätigkeiten an PFP in der ambulanten Versorgung von MmD. Methoden: In vier Fokusgruppendiskussionen mit 10 HÄ und 13 PFP wurden Einstellungen zur Übertragung bestimmter Tätigkeiten inhaltsanalytisch untersucht sowie Chancen und Barrieren einer Einführung identifiziert. Ergebnisse: HÄ befürworteten die Übertragung bestimmter Tätigkeiten wie Blutentnahmen, Assessments, deren Monitoring oder Folgeverordnungen für Pflegehilfsmittel. „Klassische“ ärztliche Aufgaben (z. B. Diagnostik von Erkrankungen, Erstverordnung von Medikamenten) wurden weiter in hausärztlicher Hand gesehen. PFP forderten für die Beziehung zwischen PFP und HA mehr Wertschätzung und Anerkennung und bemängelten fehlendes Vertrauen sowie unzureichende Kommunikation. Beide Seiten verwiesen auf knappe Zeitbudgets, die sich kaum am reellen Bedarf der MmD orientierten. Schlussfolgerung: Die Umsetzung einer Aufgabenneuverteilung erfordert die Schaffung eines gesetzlichen und finanziellen Rahmens, zeitlicher Ressourcen, konkreter Aufgabenbeschreibungen sowie die stärkere Zusammenarbeit der involvierten Berufsgruppen. Innovative Konzepte könnten zum sinnvollen Einsatz der Ressourcen beider Berufsgruppen beitragen und die Versorgung von MmD stärken.

The dynamics describing the vicious cycle characteristic of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease, initiated by stagnant mucus and perpetuated by infection and inflammation, remain unclear. Here we determine the effect of the CF airway milieu, with persistent mucoobstruction, resident pathogens, and inflammation, on the mucin quantity and quality that govern lung disease pathogenesis and progression. The concentrations of MUC5AC and MUC5B were measured and characterized in sputum samples from subjects with CF (

The Gene Ontology (GO) knowledgebase (http://geneontology.org) is a comprehensive resource concerning the functions of genes and gene products (proteins and noncoding RNAs). GO annotations cover genes from organisms across the tree of life as well as viruses, though most gene function knowledge currently derives from experiments carried out in a relatively small number of model organisms. Here, we provide an updated overview of the GO knowledgebase, as well as the efforts of the broad, international consortium of scientists that develops, maintains, and updates the GO knowledgebase. The GO knowledgebase consists of three components: (1) the GO-a computational knowledge structure describing the functional characteristics of genes; (2) GO annotations-evidence-supported statements asserting that a specific gene product has a particular functional characteristic; and (3) GO Causal Activity Models (GO-CAMs)-mechanistic models of molecular "pathways" (GO biological processes) created by linking multiple GO annotations using defined relations. Each of these components is continually expanded, revised, and updated in response to newly published discoveries and receives extensive QA checks, reviews, and user feedback. For each of these components, we provide a description of the current contents, recent developments to keep the knowledgebase up to date with new discoveries, and guidance on how users can best make use of the data that we provide. We conclude with future directions for the project.

OHEJP Project METAPRO

With an enhanced thermal response test (ETRT) depth-specific effective thermal conductivities can be determined. For this, a correct determination of the specific heat load is crucial. With an ETRT the heat is injected along the depth of the borehole heat exchanger (BHE) by applying a defined voltage to an electrically conductive cable. Hereby, an uniform specific heat load along the entire length of the cable is assumed. However, the electrical resistance of the heating cable and therefore the specific heat load depend on temperature. In this study, an ETRT is conducted at a study site with high groundwater flow. The results are critically evaluated with regard to the specific heat load and depth-specific effective thermal conductivities. We show an inaccuracy of 12 % in the determination of effective thermal conductivities when assuming constant electrical resistance of the heating cable with time. When using temperature measurements from distributed temperature sensing (DTS) to adjust the specific heat load along the length of the heating cable, variations of the specific heat load along the BHE in the order of 3 % are observed. Depth-specific effective thermal conductivities are evaluated ranging between 3.3 W m-1 K-1 and 12 W m-1 K-1. For 60 % of the evaluated depth-intervals the results of the infinite line source (ILS) forward model do not converge according to the criterion of Δλeff/λeff < 0.05/20h. These depth intervals are characterised by high groundwater velocities (> 0.6 m d-1) and a temperature increase for the evaluation with linear regression of ΔT < 0.6 K. From our results, we provide recommendations for the determination and adjustment of the specific heat load during an ETRT to account for temporal and spatial variations. Furthermore, we emphasise the need for higher specific heat loads in groundwater influenced depth intervals and elaborate difficulties associated with the increase of the specific heat load and the corresponding temperature increase along the heating cable.

Aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) is comparatively rarely used in Germany, in contrast to neighboring countries such as the Netherlands. This also applies to lower temperature ranges of less than 50 °C, which are mostly technically easier to handle than high-temperature storage. Since there is a lack of demonstration plants nationally, the goal of our BMBF-funded joint project “DemoSpeicher” (Development and Monitoring of Seasonal Heat and Cold Storage for the Demonstration of Aquifer Storage) is to implement and scientifically accompany a near-surface low-temperature aquifer storage system (NT-ATES). Within the scope of the project, the entire construction cycle of an NT-ATES is to be covered, which ranges from design and planning to grid integration and commissioning to thermal energy supply. An urban site in Germanys capital Berlin-Mitte was selected for the implementation of the demonstration plant, which is to be converted to climate-friendly heating and cooling concepts at an existing construction site. In addition to the necessary preliminary site investigations for the technical-economic feasibility, questions regarding legal approval requirements will also be presented.For this reason, a extensive monitoring program is planned, which provides the metrological supervision of the thermal-hydraulic underground processes. Another focus of the project will be possible changes in groundwater chemistry and temperature-sensitive groundwater ecology as a result of thermal loading. Monitoring of energy flows is also planned in order to estimate the thermal energy exchange between the aquifer reservoir and the building's systems engineering. This will include a heating and cooling demand analysis, as well as an assessment of potential synergistic use effects with other technologies that could be used, for example, for thermal loading of aquifer storage. All results will be presented in a coupled thermal-hydraulic modeling of the planned thermal energy storage. The project and the first results of the implementation of an ATES in a densely populated urban area will be presented and discussed in this presentation.

Under polar and subpolar climatic conditions, volcano edifice growth and stability are affected by extreme erosion rates, mass wasting, glacier loading (and unloading), and permafrost soil conditions. Relatively small changes in temperature can lead to very different snow and ice conditions in relation to all of the above. Therefore active, shallow magmatic plumbing systems and magmatic pathways might react sensitively to even minor changes of their surrounding environmental conditions. Almost constant degassing from the summit crater of Mount Curry (Zavodovski Island) and the presence of an active lava lake within the summit crater of Mount Michael (Saunders Island) suggest the existence of shallow magmatic plumbing systems at both volcanoes. They therefore represent exceptional study sites for investigating volcano processes under subpolar climatic conditions. Because of their remoteness, none of these islands are equipped with permanently installed ground-based instruments. We observe and quantify surface displacements related to volcanic activity, fumarolic activity, tectonic activity in the Scotia arc, as well as glacier flow from high-resolution combined TerraSAR-X and PAZ interferometry and amplitude offsets. Multi-temporal topographic data are available through the TanDEM-X SAR satellite mission and photogrammetric surveys conducted in April-Mai 2019 at Saunders Island and in January-February 2023 on Zavodovski Island. Here we introduce the first results of combining and exploring UAV photogrammetry with SAR satellite data. We present a geomorphological and structural analysis of Zavodovski Island and the outer subaerial and shallower submarine flanks of Saunders Island. We also estimate the glacier volume and volume change over time on Saunders as well as surface dynamics at Zavodovski. With this study we highlight the unprecedented detail and the valuable information that can be retrieved from tasked and targeted TerraSAR-X, TanDEM-X, and PAZ satellite acquisitions coupled